18 baumgartner pascal
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FruitBreedomics - WP2Developing apple and peach pre-breeding material with new featuresI. Baumgartner (Agroscope), M. Kellerhals (Agroscope), A. Peil (JKI), A. Liverani (CRA), T. Pascal (INRA)
Bologna, June 18th 2015
Overview
powdery mildew
Apple (JKI, EVD)
Peach (INRA, CRA)
Objectives of pre-breeding
Sources of resistance and fruit traits
Controlled crosses
Selection methodologies (phenotypic, molecular markers)
Availability of plant material
LG1
Rvi6 resistance to apple
scab
FB-WP2-Apple: pre-breeding at Agroscope (EVD) and JKIFocalized on resistance and fruit quality traits
LG2 LG3 LG4 LG5 LG6 LG7 LG8
LG9 LG10 LG11 LG12 LG13 LG14
LG15
LG16 LG17
Rvi2 resistance to apple
scab
Rvi11 resistance to apple
scab
Sd1resistance
to rosy apple leaf-
curling aphid
FBF7resistance
to fire blight
Rvi4 resistance to apple
scab
Md-PG1 fruit
texture
Md-ACS1 shelf
life
Pl1resistance
to powdery mildew
Rvi12 resistance to apple
scab
Plmresistance
to powdery mildew
Pl2 resistance
to powdery mildew
Apple genetic linkage map (17 chromosomes)
Pldresistance
to powdery mildew
FB-WP2-Apple: marker-assisted pre-breeding at Agroscope (EVD)Objective: pyramiding of scab resistance genes (Rvi2 Rvi4 Rvi6)
in combination with: • mildew resistance • low fire blight
susceptibility• fruit quality
2011 : 3 crosses established, progeny size: 187-324 seeds/progeny
2012 : phenotypic and molecular selection (Rvi2 Rvi4 Rvi6 Pl1 Pl2 Pld FBF7)
2013 : tree nursery (147 plants: combination of 2 scab + 1 mildew resist.)
2014: planted, first fruit (ACW 24962)
ACW 17053 (Rvi6 Pl2 FBF7FBF7) x ACW 16102 (Rvi2 Rvi4 Rvi6 Pl1)
ACW 24962 (Rvi2 Rvi6 Pl1 FBF7)
FB-WP2-Apple: marker-assisted pre-breeding at Agroscope (EVD)Genotypes of selected seedlings of population 1114
Genotype No. of genotypes Genotype No. of
genotypesRvi2 Rvi4 Pl1 FBF7Rvi2 Rvi4 Pl2 FBF7
Rvi2 Rvi4 Pl1 Pl2 FBF7Rvi2 Rvi6 Pl1 FBF7
Rvi2 Rvi6Rvi6 Pl1 FBF7Rvi2 Rvi6 Pl2 FBF7
Rvi2 Rvi6Rvi6 Pl2 FBF7Rvi2 Rvi6 Pl1 Pl2 FBF7Rvi4 Rvi6Rvi6 Pl1 FBF7
112325332
Rvi4 Rvi6 Pl2 FBF7Rvi4 Rvi6Rvi6 Pl2 FBF7Rvi4 Rvi6 Pl1 Pl2 FBF7
Rvi4 Rvi6Rvi6 Pl1 Pl2 FBF7Rvi2 Rvi4 Rvi6 Pl1 FBF7
Rvi2 Rvi4 Rvi6Rvi6 Pl1 FBF7Rvi2 Rvi4 Rvi6 Pl2 FBF7
Rvi2 Rvi4 Rvi6 Pl1 Pl2 FBF7Rvi2 Rvi4 Rvi6Rvi6 Pl1 Pl2 FBF7
533242761
Scab resistance genes:
Rvi2 Rvi4 Rvi6
Powdery mildew resistance genes: Pl1 Pl2
Fire blight QTL: FBF7
1114: ACW 17053 (Rvi6, Pl2, FBF7FBF7) x ACW 16102 (Rvi2, Rvi4, Rvi6, Pl1)
FB-WP2-Apple: marker-assisted pre-breeding at Agroscope (EVD)Objective: new source of scab resistance from Hansen’s baccata #2
in combination with: • low chilling• fruit quality 1310: ACW 18913 (Golden
x Hansen’s baccata #2) x Arlet (-)
2011/12/13 : 8 crosses established, progeny size: 2-1263 seeds/progeny
2013/14 : phenotypic selection 2014/15 :
tree nursery molecular analysis (Rvi12/Vb and
Vbsc)
A second scab resistance Vbsc has been identified in Hansen’s baccata #2 and its progenies (A. Patocchi)
Phenotype: sc = stellate chlorosis
(Rvi12/Vb)
FB-WP2-Apple: conventional pre-breeding at Agroscope (EVD)Objectives: new traits low allergenic potential and specific aroma
Ladina (Rvi6, FBF7, litchi flavor, Md-ACS1, MD-PG1)
Berlepsch (low allergenic)
2013 : crosses established low allergenic potential: 2 crosses > 770
seeds specific aroma: 1 cross > 230 seeds
2014 : phenotypic selection in F1 for scab resistance after artificial
inoculation for tree features: growth and mildew
resistance 2015 : tree nurseryMother (traits) Father (traits) Seeds SelectedModi (Rvi6 MD-
PG1, low allergenic)
Berlepsch (scab resistance, low
allergenic)
449 20
Modi (Rvi6 MD-PG1, low
allergenic)
Goldparmäne Belrène (MD-PG1, low
allergenic)
324 30
Ladina (Rvi6 FBF7 Md-ACS1 MD-PG1,
litchi flavor)
ACW 20728 (ACW 16102 x ACW 16146)
(Rvi2 Pl1, mango flavor)
237 6
FB-WP2-Apple: marker-assisted pre-breeding at JKIObjective: pyramiding of mildew resistance genes (Pl1 Pl2 Pld Plm)
in combination with: • apple scab resistance• fire blight resistance
Powdery mildew on Topaz
2011/12 : 23 crosses established, progeny size: 0 - 270 seeds/progeny
2012/13 : phenotypic and molecular selection (Rvi2 Rvi4 Rvi6 Pl1 Pl2 Pld Plm FBF7 Sd1)
2013/14 : planted in the orchard or grafted on M9/interstem (309 genotypes)
Ariwa (Rvi6 Pl1) x ACW 8099 (Rvi6 Pl2)
FB-WP2-Apple: marker-assisted pre-breeding at JKI Genotypes of selected seedlings of populations
GenotypeNo. of
genotypes
Rvi2 Rvi4 Pl1 Pl2 PlmRvi2 Rvi4 FbF7 Sd1 Pl1 Pl2Rvi2 Rvi4 FbF7 Pl1 Pl2Rvi2 Rvi4 Sd1 Pl1 Pl2Rvi2 Rvi4 Pl1 Pl2Rvi2 Rvi4 FbF7 Sd1 Pl1 PlmRvi2 Rvi4 FbF7 Pl1 PlmRvi2 Rvi4 Sd1 Pl1 PlmRvi2 Rvi4 Pl1 Plm
112822134
GenotypeNo. of
genotypes
Pl1Pl2PldPl1 Pl2Pl1 PldPl2 PldPl1 Pl2 Pld
318
17202855
13211: 006/7 (Pl1 Pl2 Plm) x E6 33,124 (Rvi2 Rvi4 FBF7 Sd1)
13221-13226: GD (quality) x 006/7 (Pl1 Pl2 Pld)
FB-WP2-Apple: marker-assisted pre-breeding at JKIObjective: new source of scab resistance from M. baccata jackii
in combination with: • low chilling• fruit quality
Royal Gala x A722-7 (Rvi11/Vbj)
2011/12 : 5 crosses established, progeny size: 88 - 139 seeds/progeny
2012/13 : phenotypic selection molecular analysis
(Rvi11/Vbj) 2014/15 : orchard
(Rvi11/Vbj)
FB-WP2-Apple: conventional pre-breeding at JKIObjectives: new traits fruit shape and low chilling
Api Etoile (fruit shape)
2012/13 : 5 crosses established
2014 : Artificial scab
inoculation molecular analysis
2014/15 : orchard
Cross Nb. Mother (traits) Father (traits) Seeds Plants in the
orchard
13228 GD (quality) Anna (low chilling) 50 4413229 Gala (quality) Anna (low chilling) 50 4513230 Pinova (quality) Api Etoile (fruit shape) 100 87
14217 Regia (Rvi2, Rvi4, Sd1, FbF7) Api Etoile (fruit shape) 25
14236 GoldRush (Rvi6, FbF7) Api Etoile (fruit shape) 50
FB-WP2-Apple: pre-breeding at Agroscope (EVD) and JKI Availability of the plant material created during project
No. of population Availability of seedling material EVD
Contact: Markus Kellerhals ([email protected])Pollen Leaves Budwood Year
MTA Special Conditions
1112 x x 20141113 x x 20141114 x x 2014
No. of population Availability of seedling material JKI
Contact: Andreas Peil ([email protected]) Pollen Leaves Budwood Year
MTA Special Conditions
13211 x x 201713212 x x 201713213 x x 201713214 x x 201713215 x x 201713216 x x 201713217 x x 201713218 x x 201713219 x x 201713220 x x 201713221 x x 201713222 x x 201713223 x x 201713224 x x 201713225 x x 201713226 x x 201713230 x x 201713231 x x 2017
2011, 2012 & 2013 : selections derived from Oro A (12 crosses /500 seedlings)
evaluation in orchard (unsprayed trees) 3 times – beginning of pit hardening ; rapid fruit growth ; harvest scoring ranged from 0 (no symptom) to 5 (symptoms diffused in
whole tree) leaves and fruits were separately scored
FB-WP2-Peach: conventional pre-breeding at Forlì (Italy)Objectives: resistance to peach powdery mildew
2011: IFF 1147 (Red Top x Oro A)
2013: Ma 26-16-206 self ((Cresthaven x Oro A) x Laura)
2012: IFF 1504 Top Lady x (Cresthaven x Oro A) IFF 1439 Rome Star x (Cresthaven x Oro A)
Oro A
from Oro A :
and brown rot
2 yellow nectarines, selected in 2012, were evaluated for the second year with good tolerance to powdery mildew
CRA-FRF 1590
CRA-FRF 1761
FB-WP2-Peach: conventional pre-breeding at Forlì (Italy)Results 2014 for resistance to peach powdery mildew
FB-WP2-Peach: conventional pre-breeding at Forlì (Italy)Objective: resistance / tolerance to brown rot
MA 25-13-143 (Suncrest x UCD-F8,5-
156 )
MA 25-10-111 ((Romea*Snowqueen) x
SD 75)
new possible parents, also with putative resistance to PPV
Also some old local germplasm showed to be little prone to infections: Buco incavato, Crimson Lady, Crizia, Forlì 1; Ghiaccio 1; Percoca di Romagna; Sanguinella; Sant’Anna Balducci, Tardiva San Filippo
list of cultivars scored tolerant / resistant
Contender
Gialla Tardiva
In absence of molecular markers, evaluations are carried out in orchard: evaluation of the resistance is preceeded by qualitative selection through recurrent selection schemes. Only fruit of seedlings with acceptable agronomic properties are tested for the resistance to brown rot
FB-WP2-Peach: conventional pre-breeding at Forlì (Italy)Methodology of selection used against brown rot
since 2013the evaluation for brown rot resistance has
been conducted following the
protocol proposed within
the WP5
inoculations on skin (spray conidia suspension) to test the fruit tolerance to brown rot due to the barriers present in the skin
in orchard
very susceptible seedling
seedling higly resistant
Percoca di Romagna
Tardiva di San Filippo
Gialla Tardiva
IFF 1655
IFF 650
IFF 638
FB-WP2-Peach: conventional pre-breeding at Forlì (Italy)Results 2013-2014 for the resistance to brown rot
Mother Father
seedlings firstly
evaluatedfor quality
then in evaluation
progress for pyramiding the
resistances(O'Henry x Calipso) SD 75 202 89
Suncrest SD 75 47 15
Kaweah Cresthaven x UCD-F8,5-166 24 24
Didalia Suncrest x SD 75 28 9Gialla Tardiva IFF 1148* 21 2
Suncrest Ma 21-09-211 x UCD-F8,5-156 38 34
FB-WP2-Peach: conventional pre-breeding at Forlì (Italy)Objective: combine brown rot and powdery mildew resistances
FB-WP2-Peach: marker-assisted pre-breeding at Avignon (INRA)Objective mainly axed on resistance to pests and diseases
available markers:
yes yes yes … ongoing no
green peach aphid powdery mildew Plum Pox Virus (M strain) brown rot (Monilia laxa) Xanthomonas pruni
resistance to:
tests of resistance: in greenhouse and lab in orchard …
incontaminated
zonecrosses: 2015
genitors / parents:
WFP Malo Konare P. davidiana Bolinha SC08-26008Rubira Pamirskij 5 P. dulcis BY00p6346 Loring
LG7LG6LG5LG4LG1 LG2 LG3
Peach genetic linkage map (8 chromosomes)
LG8Vr1 or Vr2
resistance to powdery mildew
SD-PM.8.1resistance to
powdery mildew
SD-PM.6.1resistance to
powdery mildew
Rm1 or Rm2resistance to green peach
aphid
SD-MP.5.1resistance to green peach
aphid
SD-MP.3.1resistance to green peach
aphidq3.5diCQ/CAresistance to green peach
aphid
FB-WP2-Peach: marker-assisted pre-breeding at Avignon (INRA)Focus on resistance to green peach aphid and powdery mildew
Dnon-acid flesh
DBFblood-fleshbf
blood-flesh
plweeping habit
S*fruit shape
Gfruit skin
pubescence
yflesh color
in combination with fruit quality …
FB-WP2-Peach: marker-assisted pre-breeding at Avignon (INRA)Objective: associate green peach aphid and mildew resistances
Trait Resistance Linkage group
SSR SNP from 9k ; P. dav. sequence
green peach aphid
resistance
Rm1, Rm2 1 UDP-422, UDAp-467
SNP_IGA_127181, SNP_IGA_127323, SNP_IGA_127673, SNP_IGA_127836,
SNP_IGA_128189
qMP.SP-G3.1 3 AG106, AG50b between S3_17686_ _ andS3_19102
qMP.SP-G5.2 5 PaCITA21 -
q3.5diCQ/CA - SP128*, SP129*
powdery mildew
resistance
Vr1, Vr2 8 MP206, MP267 between SNP_IGA_796481 and SNP_IGA_851849
qPM.SP-G6.1 6 AG26, pchcms5, PC73
between S6_15606_ _ and S6_169697
qPM.SP-G8.1 8 FG230, FG37 -
available markers
2011 crosses / 2014 first selections with Rm1 + Vr1 observed in orchard
FB-WP2-Peach: pre-breeding at CRA and INRAAvailability of the plant material created during project
No. of population
Availability of seedling material CRA
Contact: Alessandro Liverani ([email protected])Pollen Leaves Budwood Year
MTA Special Conditions
11.03 x x x 201511.04 x x x 201511.30 x x x 201511.31 x x x 201511.32 x x x 201511.37 x x x 201511.53 x x x 201512.09 x x x 201612.10 x x x 201612.15 - - - - -12.22 x x x 201612.60 x x x 201613.13 - - - - -13.16 x x x 201713.17 x x x 201713.20 x x x 201713.15 x x x 201713.25 x x x 201713.70 x x x 201713.71 x x x 2017
No. of population Availability of seedling material INRA
Contact: Thierry Pascal ([email protected])Pollen Leaves Budwood Year
MTA Special Conditions
11.01 x x 201511.02 x x x 201511.03 x x x 201511.04 x x x 201511.05 x x x x 201611.06 x x x 201511.07 x x x 201511.08 x x x 201511.09 x x 201512.01 x x 201612.02 x x 201612.03 x x 201612.04 x x 201612.05 x x 201612.06 x x 2016
Thank you for your attention
powdery mildew
Agroscope good food, healthy environment