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Local Area Augmentation System

CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS

Alaska Regional BriefingAnchorage October 1, 2002

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LAAS CONOPSProgram Philosophy

• Common Focal Group for Maximum Benefit Approach to Implementation

• Multi Discipline Approach to Implementation GPS Program Office

• Focal Point for operational issues– FAA Specification– RTCA - MOPS– Manufacturers– Operators

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LAAS Concept of Operations Team

• Mix of Technical and Operational Membership• Multi discipline Composition

– Government (GPS Program Office,Flight Standards, Certification, Air Traffic, Flight Check/Airways Facility)

– Industry (Avionics/Ground Element Manufacturers)– User (Airlines, General Aviation), Airports– International Participation

• DFS, Eurocontrol, Sextant, Thomson

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Stakeholder Activities

FAA Disciplines Manufacturers Operators Specification RTCA

Other Stakeholders: TAOARC, RNAV/RNP WG ,ATA Cooperative Agreement

SOITCONOPS WG

RTCALAAS CONOPS WG

PWCLAAS Business Case

ATA User GroupComplex Procedures

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CONOPS 5/12/00

• WG Meeting Seattle 26 April 2000 with Industry and Users for Final Draft Discussions• FAA/RTCA/AOPA/ATA/GIP/Industry

• LAAS Concept of Operations Accepted by SOIT 12 May 2000

• CONOPS Presentations– ION Anaheim, 26-27 January 2000– GNSS 2000, Royal Institute of Navigation

Edinburgh/Scotland, 1- 4 May 2000– ATA, 24 May 2000

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LAAS Basic Operations

LAAS GroundSubsystem

LAASAirborneSubsystem Final Approach Path

VDB (VHF)

GPS Signal-in-Space

APL(Optional)

GPS/LAASSignal-in-Space

APLBroadcast (L1), optional

SatelliteSubsystem

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GPS AugmentationPhases of Flight

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Normal Operations

• Precision Approach– CAT I– CAT II– CAT III

• Missed Approach - straight• RNAV/LAAS Operations

Desired Mode is Integrated RNAV Operation

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LAAS PVT Capabilities

• Position, Velocity,Time (PVT)(Accurate, real time airborne equipment output)– RNAV application– Complex terminal arrival to precision final– Complex terminal departures– Missed Approach (complex)– Contingency procedures– 3D/4D Procedures

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Low Visibility Ground Operations

Safety/Capacity/Economy• A-SMGCS• LAAS Accuracy• Aircraft

– Navigation (RWY-Gate &Gate-RWY)– Situational awareness

• Runway Incursion• Airport Vehicles

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Required Navigation Performance

• Concept under Development– US– ICAO

• Applicable for all Terminal Navigation– Arrivals– Departures– Instrument Approach Procedures– Contingency

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Conclusion

• LAAS Desired Operational Capabilities– LAAS CAT I Straight In– LAAS Guided Missed– PVT/RNAV/RNP– Complex Procedures– Terminal Routes– Surface Navigation– CAT II/III

• Improved User Benefits• Increase in Safety and Efficiency

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CONOPS 5/12/00Architecture Discussion

• Complex Procedures– Guidance through PVT/FMS RNAV

• LAAS Provides PVT and Protection Levels which Support RNP RNAV Operations

– Incorporate Complex Maneuvering into the VDB Broadcast

• Uplink of Complex Procedures Kept as an Option (Based on Some User Request)

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CONOPS Update

• Industry Stakeholders Have Requested RNAV-like Navigation Capability from LAAS

• FY-02 Budget Contains Funding and Mandate for Complex Procedures and CAT II/III

• Action• Review, Review Requirements and Emphasize Industry

Desires• ATA User Group Involvement

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Complex Procedures Definition ?

• Complex Procedures to Include:– Curved Approach – Offset Approaches– Multi-Segment Arrivals– Multi-Segment Missed Approaches– Multi-Segment Departure Procedures

Any Operations Other Than a Single Straight in (“ILS LOOK Alike”)

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Other LAAS Applications

• Not Complex Procedures but Enabling Capabilities of LAAS– Surface Navigation– Adjacent Airport Coverage– Displaced Threshold

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Document Changes

• RNP-RNAV Added to Operations and Procedure Design• System Description Updated to Present Spec• Surface Navigation with Latest RTCA inputs• Coverage Updated (ACB 430)

– Minimum CAT I Coverage / Expanded CAT I Coverage – Minimum Missed Approach / Minimum Practice Autoland

Coverage – CAT I with RNAV Coverage

• Complex Procedure updated– Architectures (RNP and Uplink)

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LAAS Coverage Volume

• Potential Operational Applications of LAAS Are Efficiently Addressed by Defining Modular Coverage Volumes That Can Be Combined to Meet All Site-specific Requirements.

• The Five Volumes Defined Below Provide the Minimum Coverage Volume to Support the Indicated Function While Considering VDB Siting Requirements.

• Minimum Cat I Coverage Volume• Minimum Missed Approach Coverage Volume• Minimum Practice Autoland Coverage Volume• CAT I With RNAV Coverage Volume

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Requirements/Activities for LAAS Complex Procedures

Different Solutions to Achieve ComplexProcedures

• RNP (FMS-LAAS Final)• LAAS Uplink• Architectures are Part of CONOPS • No Detailed Activities (Ongoing)

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• Define Broadcast Format for Complex Procedures (Approach, Guided Missed Approach, Guided Departure)

• Final Approach Segment Data Block– Multiple Segments—Curved Segments (RF Leg)

– Linear and Angular Segments

• Capacity Analysis Required– VDB Bandwith Capabilities to Broadcast Complex Procedures

• Establish Alert Limits– Time to Alert Equates to Previous MLS Data

• Evaluate Geographic Separation/Frequency Assignment Criteria to Support Expanded LAAS DMAX of 60NM

Requirements/Activities for LAAS Uplink of Complex

Procedures (RTCA )

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• Insure That LAAS Complex Terminal RNP-RNAV Is Compatible With Other RNAV Systems

• Format and Content of Data Broadcast– Minimum Segment Lengths and Turn Radii– Lateral and Vertical Display Sensitivities to Be Established

for Small Linear RNP Values– Establish Standards for Parallel Tracks for Both Arrivals and

Approaches

• Develop Standards for Offset Approaches to Lowest Minimums

Requirements/Activities for LAAS Complex Procedures

(AFS 420)

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Avionics Implementation Options

• LAAS +LAAS Navigator– Deviations for Complex Procedures within

LAAS Service Volume

• LAAS + RNP FMS– LAAS Deviation to Final Approach Segment

(FMS-LAAS Final)

• LAAS + TSO-C146a– LAAS RNAV Capability through WAAS