Marine MammalsMarine MammalsKingdom: AnimaliaKingdom: Animalia

Phylum: ChordataPhylum: Chordata

Class: MammaliaClass: Mammalia

Order PinnipediaOrder Pinnipedia

Family PhocideaFamily Phocidea

Family OtariidaeFamily Otariidae

Family OdobenidaeFamily Odobenidae

Order CarnivoraOrder Carnivora

Order SireniaOrder Sirenia

Order PinnipediaOrder Pinnipedia

““Pinnipeds”Pinnipeds” Seals, sea lions, and Seals, sea lions, and

walruseswalruses Debated whether it is Debated whether it is

its own orderits own order Evolved from Evolved from

terrestrial carnivores terrestrial carnivores thus sometimes put in thus sometimes put in Order CarnivoraOrder Carnivora

Order PinnipediaOrder Pinnipedia

All are carnivorous All are carnivorous predators feeding predators feeding mostly on squid and mostly on squid and fishfish

Specialized Specialized streamlined body aids streamlined body aids in swimmingin swimming

Keeping WarmKeeping Warm

Thick layer of blubber Thick layer of blubber acts as insulation and acts as insulation and as a food reserveas a food reserve

Also have bristly hair Also have bristly hair to aid in warmthto aid in warmth

Family PhocideaFamily Phocidea

““True or Earless Seals”True or Earless Seals” No external earsNo external ears Flippers covered in furFlippers covered in fur Hind flippers cannot be Hind flippers cannot be

turned forward under the turned forward under the body for use in terrestrial body for use in terrestrial motionmotion

Moves on land by Moves on land by wiggling like a catapillarwiggling like a catapillar

Family OtariidaeFamily Otariidae

““Eared Seals”Eared Seals” Sea Lions and Fur Sea Lions and Fur

SealsSeals Visible external earsVisible external ears Flippers are hairlessFlippers are hairless Hind flippers can be Hind flippers can be

placed under body for placed under body for awkward locomotionawkward locomotion

Longer front flippersLonger front flippers

Sea Lion vs. SealSea Lion vs. Seal

Family OdobenidaeFamily Odobenidae

““Walruses”Walruses” Tiny external earsTiny external ears Tusks on male and Tusks on male and

female adultsfemale adults Flippers are hairlessFlippers are hairless Can turn hind flippers Can turn hind flippers

under body for under body for locomotionlocomotion

Order CarnivoraOrder Carnivora

Sea OtterSea Otter Smallest marine Smallest marine

mammalmammal Lacks a layer of Lacks a layer of

blubberblubber Stays warm by Stays warm by

trapping air in its trapping air in its dense furdense fur

Order CarnivoraOrder Carnivora

Eat ¼ their body Eat ¼ their body weight every dayweight every day

Use tools to open Use tools to open hard crustaceans and hard crustaceans and mollusks they eatmollusks they eat

Order CarnivoraOrder Carnivora

Polar BearsPolar Bears Semi-aquaticSemi-aquatic Feed primarily on Feed primarily on

sealsseals

Order SireniaOrder Sirenia

Includes Manatees Includes Manatees and Dugongsand Dugongs

““Sea Cows”Sea Cows” Closely related to Closely related to

elephantselephants Named after Named after

mermaidsmermaids

SireniansSirenians

Move by moving tail Move by moving tail up and downup and down

Well-padded with Well-padded with blubberblubber

A few scattered hairsA few scattered hairs

SireniansSirenians

Live in groupsLive in groups Only strict Only strict

vegetarians out of the vegetarians out of the marine mammalsmarine mammals

Feed on seagrassesFeed on seagrasses Very low numbers as Very low numbers as

they were hunted for they were hunted for meat and reproduce meat and reproduce slowly slowly

Extinct Stellar’s Sea Extinct Stellar’s Sea CowCow