1.hvdc transmission

7/25/2019 1.HVDC Transmission

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EEL794EEL794

TransmissionTransmission

ByBy

Prof.Prof. BhimBhim SinghSingh

Department of Electrical EngineeringDepartment of Electrical EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology DelhiIndian Institute of Technology Delhi

HauzHauz KhasKhas New DelhiNew Delhi--110016 India110016 India

[email protected]@ee.iitd.ac.in,, ((+91)+91)--1111--26592659--10451045


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IntroductionIntroductionoo

HVDC Transmission SystemHVDC Transmission System


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CourseCourse EEL 794EEL 794


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Course StructureCourse Structure EEL794EEL794 -

Transmission -3L

Solid State Devices and Valves in HVDC system -2L

onverter an nverter rcu t perat on or system -

-

Harmonic Generation and Their Elimination - 3L

Smoothing Reactor and DC Line - 2L


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Course StructureCourse Structure

Converter Faults and Protections for HVDC System - 2L

Multi-Terminal DC Systems 1L

g ys em

Multipulse Current Source Converter Based HVDC System 2L

Capacitor Commutated Converter Based HVDC System 2L

Modeling of HVDC Link for AC-DC Power Flow - 1L


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Course StructureCourse Structure

AC-DC System Power Flow Solution Techniques - 1L

Interaction Between AC and DC Systems - 2L

a n es gn ons era on

Transient Voltages and Insulation Coordination 1L

Ground Return 1L

New Developments and Recent Trends in HVDC Systems - 3L


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Plan of EvaluationPlan of Evaluation

Items of Evaluation No.*Marks Marks

Major Test (1) 1*30 30Minor Test (2) 2*15 30

Lecture Quiz (3) 3*5 15

*

Seminar 1*10 10

Computer Ass gnment 1 1 5 05

Total Marks 100


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[1] E. W. Kimbark, Direct Current Transmission, Vol. I, Wiley-Inter-Science,

a n e erencesa n e erences

, .[2] K. R. Padiyar, HVDC Power Transmission Systems: Technology and System

Interactions, New Age International (P) Limited Publishers, New Delhi, 1996.

nd. , , ,

and Energy Series 29, UK, 1998.[4] J. Arrillaga, and N.R. Watson, Computer Modeling of Electrical Power Systems,

nd , , . , .

[5] Vijay K. Sood, HVDC and FACTS Controller, Applications of Static Converters

in Power Systems, Kluwer Academic Publishers, The Netherlands- 2004.. , . . , . . , . . , . . , . . . ,

Voltage Direct Current Converters and Systems, Macdonald & Co (Pub) Ltd., 1965.

[7] Erich Uhlmann, Power Transmission by Direct Current, Springer- Verlag Berlin

Heidelberg New York 1975.

[8] P. Kundur, Power System Stability and Control, The EPRI Power System

Engineering Series, 1994.

[9] C. Adamson and N. G. Hingorani, High voltage direct current power transmission,

Garraway Ltd, London, 1960.

[10] A. T. Johns, A. Ter-Gazarian and D. F. Warne, Flexible AC Transmission Systems(FACTS), IEE Power and Energy Series.


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HVDC TechnologyHVDC Technology


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Transmits electrical power from one place to

ano er w

Less transmission losses

More transmission efficiency

Less number of conductors More reliable and stable operation

Absence of side effects and interferences


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HVDCHVDC A long-distance direct-current power transmission system that

-

transmission losses down.

HVDC or high-voltage direct current electric power

transmission systems contrast with the more commona erna ng-curren sys ems as a means or e u ransm ss on

of electrical power

The modern form of HVDC transmission uses technology

developed extensively in the 1930s in Sweden at ASEA.


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Reason for HVDCReason for HVDC

Remote generation and system interconnections lead to

search of efficient power transmission at increasing power

levels.

The increase in voltage levels is not always feasible.

The problem of AC transmission particularly in long

distance transmission has led to the development of DC

transm ss on


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Birth of HVDC TransmissionBirth of HVDC Transmission

The use of DC for transmission system is first

es gne y ury n ear y twent et century.

Capacity : 20 MW

Distance : 138 miles

-

Concept : Constant current with several series dc


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DC TransmissionDC Transmission

Converter stationConverter station--11 Converter stationConverter station--22DC CablesDC Cables


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Power Transmission TowerPower Transmission Tower


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HVDCHVDC

As the generation and utilization of power remain at alternating

current the DC transmission re uires conversion at two ends

From AC to DC at the sending end and back to DC to AC at the

rece v ng en

This conversion is done at rectifier station at sendin end and

Inverter station at receiving end

e same s a on can e sw c rom rec er an nver er ysimple control action


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Applications of HVDC SystemApplications of HVDC System Long Distance Transmission

sync ronous n erconnec ons

Long Submarine Cables


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HVDC System ConfigurationsHVDC System Configurations Point-ToPoint

It is used for transmission with finite distance dc link

Back-To-Back

It is with zero distance dc link used for as nchronoustie.


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Developments of HVDCDevelopments of HVDC Mercury Arc Valves

rst years -

Line Commutated Devices (Thyristor)

Second 25 years(1975-2000)

,

Next 25 years (from 2000)


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Development of HVDC SystemDevelopment of HVDC System

o a o , ransm ss on capac y

installed in 95 projects all over the world.

Recently celebrated the 50 year anniversary from 1954-

.


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Types of HVDC systemTypes of HVDC system

The Classification is mainly based on the power semiconductor

devices used in the converter

Mercury Arc valve based converter HVDC system

Line commutated Thyristor converter based HVDC system

Capacitor commutated converter based HVDC system

IGBT-PWM voltage source converter based HVDC system

(HVDC Light)

GTO-VSC based HVDC system


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Inventor of HVDCInventor of HVDC

Au ust Uno Lamm : Ma 22 1904 June 1 1989 was a

Swedish electrical engineer and inventor, sometimes called

"The Father of High Voltage Direct Current" power .


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Concept of Conventional HVDC SystemConcept of Conventional HVDC System


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VSC Based HVDC SystemVSC Based HVDC System


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Main ComponentsMain Components Converters (Rectifier and Inverter)

onverter rans ormers

AC Filters

Smoothing Reactor

Others Com onents


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T ical Converter Station E ui mentsT ical Converter Station E ui ments


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HVDC ComponentsHVDC Components

Converter transformerSmoothing Reactor

AC High pass filterThyristors Valves

Damped Filters


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HVDC InterconnectionHVDC Interconnection

Layout of HVDC Interconnection between Malaysia & ThailandLayout of HVDC Interconnection between Malaysia & Thailand


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Hewitts mercury- vapour rectifier, which appeared in 1901.

HVDC MilestonesHVDC Milestonescera

Experiments with Thyratrons in USA and mercury arc valves in Europe

before 1940

rcuryar

,

First solid-state semiconductor valves in 1970

M

First microcomputer based control equipment for HVDC in 1979

Highest DC transmission voltage (600kV) in Itap, Brazil, 1984is

torera

First Capacitor Commutated Converter (CCC) in Argentina-Brazil

Thy

)

interconnection, 1998 First VSC for transmission in Gotland, Sweden 1999

or(othe

r

Tra

nsist


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BackBack--ToTo--Back convertersBack converters

The expression back-to-back indicates that the rectifier and

inverter are located in the same station.

Back-to-Back converters are mainly used for power transmission between adjacent AC grids which can not be

synchronized.


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HVDC GotlandHVDC Gotland The HVDC Gotland, on the Swedish east coast was the

current transmission in the world

The first HVDC Gotland link (Gotland 1) went intoservice in 1954

It could transfer 20 megawatts over a 98 kilometer longsubmarine cable between Vstervik on the mainland and

Voltage level is 100 kV


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HVDC @ GotlandHVDC @ Gotland

In 1970 the service was re-engineered to transmission

capac ty o megawatts at a vo tage o y us ng t e

first thyristor module for HVDC applications.

Gotland-2 :

(1983) Transmission capacity : 130MW,Transmission voltage: 150kV,

Cable length 92.9 kilometers,

. ometers over ea ne


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HVDC GotlandHVDC Gotland

Gotland-3 :

(1987) Transmission capacity : 130MW,

Transmission voltage: 150kV,

a e eng ome ers,

6.6 kilometers overhead line


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Research Centre for HVDCResearch Centre for HVDC

Founded in 1981 in Canada byManitoba Hydro, Teshmont

,

the University of Manitoba

er orm nnova ve researc andevelopment into advanced power system technologies,

,system Simulation.

technology through research


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Major DevelopmentsMajor Developments

The Centre established an outdoor laboratory to conduct a

(By Manitoba(By Manitoba--HVDC Research Center)HVDC Research Center)

-

phenomena on Manitoba Hydro's Nelson River HVDCtransmission system

This activity spanned more than ten years and resulted in

one o e mos compre ens ve co ec ons o a a on e

topic

The Centre was encouraged to perform research for thedevelopment of a new generation of electric power system

s mu a ors ase on m croprocessors, an emerg ng

technology in 1981


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Major DevelopmentsMajor Developments

The research led to the development of the world's first

(By Manitoba(By Manitoba--HVDC Research Center)HVDC Research Center)

systems

This success was recognized by the Association of

Professional Engineers of Manitoba who, in 1994,

presen e e en re w an ng neer ng c evemen

Award

The Centre has complemented the RTDS product withthe development of a portable power systems waveform

genera or ca e ea me ay ac


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Growth of HVDC installation CapacityGrowth of HVDC installation Capacity

pacit

y

stalledC

In

First link (between Gotland & Swedish mainland) was a 20 MW,150 kV link.

ear

Today HVDC transmission is installed around the world in more

than 100 projects.


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World of HVDCWorld of HVDC

IEEE S d d f HVDCIEEE S d d f HVDC


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IEEE Standards for HVDCIEEE Standards for HVDC

ANSI/IEEE Std 1030-1987 : IEEE Guide for Specification of High-Voltage Direct

-Current Systems Part I - Steady-State Performance

u e or es roce ures or yr s ors

Valves IEEE Std 1158-1991 - IEEE Recommended Practice for Determination of

ower osses n g - o age rec - urren

Converter Stations

IEEE Std 857-1996- IEEE Recommended Practice for Test Procedures for

ev s on o - g - o age rec - urren

Thyristors Valves

- - u e or omm ss on ng g - o age rec -

Current (HVDC) Converter Stations and Associated

Transmission Systems

t - - u e or na ys s an e n t on o e

Harmonic Performance of HVDC Transmission

Systems


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CIGRECIGRE

-

(International Council on Large Electric Systems)(International Council on Large Electric Systems)

, ,

Association, founded in France, in 1921.

Its aim is to develop and distribute technical knowledge in the

e o e genera on an ransm ss on o g vo age

electricity.

www.cigre.com


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www.ci re.com

www.abb.com/hvdc www.hvdc.ca

www.answers.com/HVDC

www.siemens.com/hvdc


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Softwares for Simulation of HVDCSoftwares for Simulation of HVDC

systemsystem

PSCAD/EMTDC MATLAB/PSB/Simulink

PSCAD/Simulink


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International Technical Organizations

Main Bodies

1 IEEE Inst tute o E ectr ca An E ectron cs Eng neers

2) IEE (Institute of Electrical Engineers) as IET Now

3 EPSR Science Direct4) CIGRE (International Council on Large Electric Systems)

5) IE (Institution of Engineers India)

IEEE Transactions


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IEEE Transactions

1) Transactions on Power Delivery

2) Transactions on Power Systems

4) Transactions on Industrial Electronics

5) Transactions on Energy Conservation

ourna s

1) Power Electronics Specialist Conference (PESC)

2) Power Electronics Drive Systems (PEDS)

3) Applied Power Electronics Conference (APEC)4) International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE)

And man more.

1.hvdc transmission

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