1 IntroductionObjectives 1-2Course Objectives 1-3Oracle Products 1-4Relational Database Systems 1-5How the Data Is Organized 1-6Integrity Constraints 1-7Structured Query Language 1-8Tasks of an Oracle Database Administrator 1-9Summary 1-10

2 Installing Oracle Database 10g SoftwareObjectives 2-2System Requirements 2-3Optimal Flexible Architecture (OFA) 2-4Using Optimal Flexible Architecture 2-5Setting Environment Variables 2-7Preinstallation Checks 2-9Oracle Universal Installer 2-10Inventory and UNIX Group Name 2-11orainstRoot.sh 2-12File Locations 2-14Install Type 2-15Prerequisite Checks 2-16Starter Database 2-17Configuration and Management 2-18File Storage and Backup Recovery 2-19Passwords and Summary 2-20Installation 2-21Configuration Assistants 2-22Summary 2-24Practice 2: Installing the Oracle Software 2-25

3 Creating an Oracle DatabaseObjectives 3-2Database Architecture 3-3Exploring the Storage Structure 3-4Control Files 3-5Redo Log Files 3-6Tablespaces and Datafiles 3-7Segments, Extents, and Blocks 3-8

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Oracle Instance Management 3-9Oracle Memory Structures 3-10Oracle Processes 3-12Data Dictionary 3-13Database Control 3-14Grid Control 3-15Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA) Overview 3-16Creating a Database 3-17Database Identification 3-18Management Options 3-19Passwords and Storage 3-20File Locations and Backup Recovery 3-21File Location Variables 3-22Content and Initialization Parameters 3-23Database Storage 3-25Creation Options and Create 3-26Other Actions with DBCA 3-27Summary 3-28Practice 3: Creating an Oracle Database 3-29

4 Database InterfacesObjectives 4-2What Is SQL? 4-3Using SQL 4-4Enterprise Manager: Seeing the SQL 4-5What Is SQL*Plus? 4-6What Is iSQL*Plus? 4-7Using iSQL*Plus 4-9Describing Data 4-10Querying Data 4-11Sorting the Data 4-12Joining Tables 4-13Manipulating Data 4-15Defining Data 4-16Overview of Transactions 4-17Transaction Control Statements 4-18Locking Data 4-19Other Statement Categories 4-20What Is PL/SQL? 4-21Example PL/SQL Block 4-22Uses of PL/SQL 4-23What Is Java? 4-24Oracle and Java 4-25

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What Is OCI? 4-26Other APIs 4-27Summary 4-29Practice 4: Using SQL 4-30

5 Controlling the DatabaseObjectives 5-2Starting and Stopping iSQL*Plus 5-3Management Framework 5-4Starting and Stopping Database Control 5-5Accessing Database Control 5-6SYSOPER and SYSDBA 5-7Database Home Page 5-8Changing the Listener Status 5-9Startup and Shutdown 5-10Starting Up a Database NOMOUNT 5-11Starting Up a Database MOUNT 5-12Starting Up a Database OPEN 5-13Shutting Down the Database 5-14SHUTDOWN Options 5-15Initialization Parameter Files 5-18Viewing Initialization Parameters 5-19Viewing the Alert Log 5-20Summary 5-21Practice 5: Controlling the Database 5-22

6 Storage Structures

Objectives 6-2Tablespaces and Data Files 6-3Space Management in Tablespaces 6-4Creating a New Tablespace 6-5Storage for Locally Managed Tablespaces 6-7Tablespaces in the Preconfigured Database 6-9Altering a Tablespace 6-11Actions with Tablespaces 6-13Dropping Tablespaces 6-15Viewing Tablespace Information 6-16Summary 6-17Practice 6: Working with Tablespaces 6-18

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7 Administering UsersObjectives 7-2Database User Accounts 7-3Creating a User 7-4Profiles and Users 7-5Authenticating Users 7-7Default and Temporary Tablespaces and Locking 7-9Database Users and Schemas 7-10Checklist for Creating Users 7-11Privileges 7-12System Privileges 7-13Object Privileges 7-15Assigning Quota to Users 7-16Assigning Roles to Users 7-17Roles 7-18Benefits of Roles 7-19Predefined Roles 7-20Secure Roles 7-21Summary 7-22

Practice 7: Administering Users 7-23

8 Managing Schema ObjectsObjectives 8-2What Is a Schema? 8-3Schemas 8-4Accessing Schema Objects 8-6Naming Database Objects 8-7Schema Object Namespaces 8-9Specifying Data Types in Tables 8-10Other Data Types 8-11Creating and Modifying Tables 8-13Understanding Data Integrity 8-15Defining Constraints 8-17Viewing the Attributes of a Table 8-18Viewing the Contents of a Table 8-19Actions with Tables 8-20Creating Indexes 8-22What Is a View? 8-23Creating Views 8-24

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What Is a Sequence? 8-25Using a Sequence 8-27Summary 8-28Practice 8: Working with Tables 8-29

9 Managing DataObjectives 9-2Manipulating Data Through SQL 9-3The INSERT Command 9-4The UPDATE Command 9-5The DELETE Command 9-6The COMMIT and ROLLBACK Commands 9-7Integrity Constraints and DML 9-8Data Pump Export 9-9Data Pump Import 9-11DIRECTORY Objects 9-13SQL*Loader 9-14The SQL*Loader Control File 9-16Control File Syntax Considerations 9-19Input Data and Data Files 9-20Loading Methods 9-23Comparing Direct and Conventional Path Loads 9-25Loading Data with SQL*Loader 9-27Summary 9-29Practice 9: Using Data Pump Export and Import 9-30

10 PL/SQLObjectives 10-2PL/SQL 10-3Administering PL/SQL Objects 10-4PL/SQL Objects 10-5Functions 10-6Procedures 10-7Packages 10-8Package Body 10-9Built-In Packages 10-11Triggers 10-12PL/SQL Configuration Options 10-14Summary 10-15Practice Overview 10-16

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11 Oracle Database SecurityObjectives 11-2Database Security 11-3Apply the Principle of Least Privilege 11-5Protect the Data Dictionary 11-6Revoke Unnecessary Privileges from PUBLIC 11-7Restrict the Operating System Directories Accessible by the User 11-9Limit Users with Administrative Privileges 11-10Disable Remote Operating System Authentication 11-11Manage Default User Accounts 11-12Implement Standard Password Security Features 11-13Password Account Locking 11-14Password Expiration and Aging 11-15Password History 11-16Password Verification 11-17Supplied Password Verification Function: VERIFY_FUNCTION 11-18Creating a Password Profile 11-19Assigning Users to a Password Profile 11-20Monitoring for Suspicious Activity 11-21Audit Tool Comparisons 11-22Standard Database Auditing 11-23Specifying Audit Options 11-24Viewing Auditing Options 11-26Standard Database Auditing 11-27Viewing Auditing Results 11-28Value-Based Auditing 11-29Fine-Grained Auditing (FGA) 11-31FGA Policy 11-32DBMS_FGA Package 11-34Enabling and Disabling an FGA Policy 11-35Dropping an FGA Policy 11-36Triggering Audit Events 11-37Data Dictionary Views 11-38DBA_FGA_AUDIT_TRAIL 11-39FGA Guidelines 11-41Auditing SYSDBA and SYSOPER Users 11-43Security Updates 11-44Summary 11-45Practice 11-1 Overview: Database Security (Part 1) 11-46Practice 11-2 Overview: Database Security (Part 2) 11-49

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12 Oracle Net ServicesObjectives 12-2Oracle Net Services 12-3Oracle Net Listener 12-4Monitoring the Listener 12-5Creating a Listener 12-6Listening Addresses 12-7Configuring Optional Parameters 12-8Static Database Registration 12-9Listener Control Utility 12-10Listener Control Utility Syntax 12-11Monitoring with Listener Control 12-13Oracle Net Connections 12-15Names Resolution 12-16Easy Connect 12-17Local Naming 12-18Directory Naming 12-19Configuring Service Aliases 12-20Advanced Connection Options 12-21Oracle Net Manager 12-23Choosing Naming Methods 12-24Configuring Service Aliases with Net Manager 12-25Advanced Connection Options Using Oracle Net Manager 12-26Testing Oracle Net Connectivity 12-27Summary 12-28Practice 12 Overview: Oracle Net Services 12-29

13 Oracle Shared ServersObjectives 13-2Establishing a Connection 13-3Dedicated Server Process 13-4User Sessions 13-5User Sessions: Dedicated Server 13-6User Sessions: Shared Server 13-7Processing a Request 13-8The SGA and PGA 13-9Configuring Oracle Shared Server 13-10DISPATCHERS 13-11SHARED_SERVERS 13-13MAX_SHARED_SERVERS 13-14CIRCUITS 13-15SHARED_SERVER_SESSIONS 13-16Related Parameters 13-17

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Verifying Shared Server Setup 13-18Data Dictionary Views 13-20Choosing a Connection Type 13-21When Not to Use Shared Server 13-22Summary 13-23Practice 13 Overview: Oracle Shared Servers 13-24Practice Lesson 13 13-25

14 Performance MonitoringObjectives 14-2Performance Monitoring 14-3Monitoring Methodologies 14-4Database and Instance Metrics 14-5Data Dictionary Metrics 14-7Invalid and Unusable Objects 14-8Optimizer Statistics 14-10Manually Gather Optimizer Statistics 14-12Automate Optimizer Statistics Collection 14-13Schedule Optimizer Statistics Collection 14-14Dynamic Performance Views 14-15Viewing Metric Information 14-16Reacting to Performance Issues 14-17Reacting to Performance Issues 14-18Summary 14-19Practice 14: Monitoring Performance 14-20

15 Proactive MaintenanceObjectives 15-2Server Generated Alerts 15-3Thresholds 15-4Setting Thresholds 15-5Baseline Measurements 15-6Using Baselines 15-7Tuning and Diagnostic Advisors 15-8SQL Tuning and Access Advisors 15-10Memory Advisors 15-11Segment Advisor 15-12Automatic Workload Repository (AWR) 15-13Managing the AWR 15-14Automatic Database Diagnostic Monitor (ADDM) 15-15ADDM Findings 15-16ADDM Recommendations 15-17Summary 15-18Practice 15: Proactive Maintenance 15-19

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16 Undo ManagementObjectives 16-2Undo Data 16-3Transactions and Undo Data 16-5Storing Undo Information 16-6Monitoring Undo 16-7Administering Undo 16-9Configuring Undo Retention 16-10Guaranteeing Undo Retention 16-12Sizing the Undo Tablespace 16-13Using the Undo Advisor 16-14Summary 16-15Practice 16: Managing Undo 16-16

17 Monitoring and Resolving Lock ConflictsObjectives 17-2Locks 17-3Locking Mechanism 17-4Data Concurrency 17-5DML Locks 17-7Enqueue Mechanism 17-8Lock Conflicts 17-9Possible Causes of Lock Conflicts 17-10Detecting Lock Conflicts 17-11Resolving Lock Conflicts 17-12Deadlocks 17-13Summary 17-14Practice 17: Locks in the Oracle Database 17-15

18 Backup and Recovery ConceptsObjectives 18-2Backup and Recovery Issues 18-3Categories of Failures 18-4Statement Failures 18-5User Process Failure 18-6Network Failure 18-7User Errors 18-8Instance Failure 18-10Instance Recovery 18-11Phases of Instance Recovery 18-12Tuning Instance Recovery 18-13

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Using the MTTR Advisor 18-14Media Failure 18-15Configuring for Recoverability 18-16Control Files 18-17Redo Log Files 18-18Multiplexing the Redo Log 18-19Archived Log Files 18-20Archive Log File Naming and Destinations 18-21ARCHIVELOG Mode 18-23Summary 18-24Practice 18: Backup and Recovery Concepts 18-25

19 Database BackupsObjectives 19-2Terminology 19-3Recovery Manager (RMAN) 19-5Configuring Backup Settings 19-6Scheduling Backups: Strategy 19-8Scheduling Backups: Options 19-9Scheduling Backups: Settings 19-10Scheduling Backups: Schedule 19-11Scheduling Backups: Review 19-12Backup Control File to Trace 19-13Manage Backups 19-15Flash Recovery Area 19-16Summary 19-17Practice 19: Database Backups 19-18

20 Database RecoveryObjectives 20-2Opening a Database 20-3Changing Instance Status 20-5Keeping a Database Open 20-6Loss of a Control File 20-7Loss of a Redo Log File 20-8Loss of a Data File in NOARCHIVELOG Mode 20-9Loss of a Noncritical Data File in ARCHIVELOG Mode 20-10Loss of a System-Critical Data File in ARCHIVELOG Mode 20-11Summary 20-12Practice Overview: Database Recovery 20-13

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Appendix A: Practice Solutions

Appendix B: Basic Linux and vi Commands

Appendix C: SQL Statement Syntax

Appendix D: Acronyms and Terms

Appendix E Next Steps: Continuing Your EducationWhere Do You Go from Here? E-2Continuing Education Resources E-3Oracle University E-4Oracle University Online Library E-5Oracle Technology Network E-6Oracle AppsNet E-7Oracle MetaLink E-8Thank You! E-9

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