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Page 1: 1.Where on the chest wall can you hear the heartbeat the best? 2. Name this structure 3. Name this valve 4. When the ventricles are in systole, is this
Page 2: 1.Where on the chest wall can you hear the heartbeat the best? 2. Name this structure 3. Name this valve 4. When the ventricles are in systole, is this

1. Where on the chest wall can you hear the heartbeat the best?

2. Name this structure

3. Name this valve

4. When the ventricles are in systole, is this valve open or closed?

5. What is a heart murmur?

Page 3: 1.Where on the chest wall can you hear the heartbeat the best? 2. Name this structure 3. Name this valve 4. When the ventricles are in systole, is this

Blood Vessels

• Histological structure of vessels• arteries• maintaining constant blood pressure• aneurisms• capillaries• veins• variations in circulatory pathways• examples of portal systems• blood supply to the brain

Page 4: 1.Where on the chest wall can you hear the heartbeat the best? 2. Name this structure 3. Name this valve 4. When the ventricles are in systole, is this

Fig. 20.1(TE Art)

Systemiccircuit

Pulmonarycircuit

CO2 O2

O2

artery

vein

vein

artery

Page 5: 1.Where on the chest wall can you hear the heartbeat the best? 2. Name this structure 3. Name this valve 4. When the ventricles are in systole, is this

Tunica intima• endothelium• BM

Tunica media• smooth muscle• collagen• some elastin

Tunica externa• loose CT• vasa vasorum

Tunica intima

Tunica media

Tunica externa L. artery

Medium sized artery

arteriolevenule

Medium sized vein

L. vein

capillary

Page 6: 1.Where on the chest wall can you hear the heartbeat the best? 2. Name this structure 3. Name this valve 4. When the ventricles are in systole, is this
Page 7: 1.Where on the chest wall can you hear the heartbeat the best? 2. Name this structure 3. Name this valve 4. When the ventricles are in systole, is this

1. Conducting arteries expand & recoilWith increasing and decreasing pressure

2. measure pressure, adjust HR and dilate or constrict BV’s

HighBP

Lower HR

How to maintain constant blood pressure

Page 8: 1.Where on the chest wall can you hear the heartbeat the best? 2. Name this structure 3. Name this valve 4. When the ventricles are in systole, is this

Fig. 21.4(TE Art)Carotid body

Common carotidartery

Aortic bodyAortic arch

Carotid sinus

Baroreceptors

Baroreceptors

Page 9: 1.Where on the chest wall can you hear the heartbeat the best? 2. Name this structure 3. Name this valve 4. When the ventricles are in systole, is this

Fig. 16.1(TE Art)

GlossopharyngealNerve (CN IX)

Vagus nerve(CN X)

Baroreceptorssense increasedblood pressure

Heart rate decreases

Page 10: 1.Where on the chest wall can you hear the heartbeat the best? 2. Name this structure 3. Name this valve 4. When the ventricles are in systole, is this

Aneurysm:

• weak point in an artery or heart wall

• common in abdominal aortarenal arteries & brain

Page 11: 1.Where on the chest wall can you hear the heartbeat the best? 2. Name this structure 3. Name this valve 4. When the ventricles are in systole, is this

Cerebral vascular accident (CVA) = stroke

Page 12: 1.Where on the chest wall can you hear the heartbeat the best? 2. Name this structure 3. Name this valve 4. When the ventricles are in systole, is this

Fig. 21.5b

Page 13: 1.Where on the chest wall can you hear the heartbeat the best? 2. Name this structure 3. Name this valve 4. When the ventricles are in systole, is this

Sphincters openArteriole

Venule

Precapillarysphincters

Metarteriole

Sphincters closed

Page 14: 1.Where on the chest wall can you hear the heartbeat the best? 2. Name this structure 3. Name this valve 4. When the ventricles are in systole, is this

Continuous

FenestratedSinusoids

pericyte

Endothelial cell

hepatocyte

• Clefts• Tight junctions

• Clefts • Pores

Page 15: 1.Where on the chest wall can you hear the heartbeat the best? 2. Name this structure 3. Name this valve 4. When the ventricles are in systole, is this

To heart

Contracted skeletalmuscles

Relaxed skeletalmuscles

Valveopen

Valveclosed

Vein

Page 16: 1.Where on the chest wall can you hear the heartbeat the best? 2. Name this structure 3. Name this valve 4. When the ventricles are in systole, is this

Fig. 21.10(TE Art)Distribution of blood

Pulmonary18%

Veins54%

Systemic70%

Heart12%

Arteries11%

Capillaries5%

Page 17: 1.Where on the chest wall can you hear the heartbeat the best? 2. Name this structure 3. Name this valve 4. When the ventricles are in systole, is this

1 capillary bed

Page 18: 1.Where on the chest wall can you hear the heartbeat the best? 2. Name this structure 3. Name this valve 4. When the ventricles are in systole, is this

Pulmonary trunk (artery)

Pulmonary vein

Page 19: 1.Where on the chest wall can you hear the heartbeat the best? 2. Name this structure 3. Name this valve 4. When the ventricles are in systole, is this

Fig. 21.12(TE Art)

Portal system(2 capillary beds)

Page 20: 1.Where on the chest wall can you hear the heartbeat the best? 2. Name this structure 3. Name this valve 4. When the ventricles are in systole, is this

hypothalamus

Anterior pituitary

Page 21: 1.Where on the chest wall can you hear the heartbeat the best? 2. Name this structure 3. Name this valve 4. When the ventricles are in systole, is this

pan

spleen

Gastric veins

Superior Mesenteric V

Hepatic sinusoids

IVCHepatic portal system

Page 22: 1.Where on the chest wall can you hear the heartbeat the best? 2. Name this structure 3. Name this valve 4. When the ventricles are in systole, is this

Fig. 21.12(TE Art)

1 capillary bed

Portal system(2 capillary beds)

Arteriovenousanastomosis

Arterial anastomosesVenous anastomoses

Page 23: 1.Where on the chest wall can you hear the heartbeat the best? 2. Name this structure 3. Name this valve 4. When the ventricles are in systole, is this

Internal carotid

Vertebral artery

Page 24: 1.Where on the chest wall can you hear the heartbeat the best? 2. Name this structure 3. Name this valve 4. When the ventricles are in systole, is this

Cerebrovascular Accident = CVA = stroke

Internal carotid

Basilar

Vertebral Circle of Willis

Page 25: 1.Where on the chest wall can you hear the heartbeat the best? 2. Name this structure 3. Name this valve 4. When the ventricles are in systole, is this

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