2 solutions to assigned problems

8/16/2019 2 Solutions to Assigned Problems

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Programming Logic and Design, 6e Solutions 2-1

Programming Logic and Design, 6th Edition

Chapter 2

Exercises

1. Explain why each o the ollowing names does or does not seem li!e a good "aria#lename to you.

Answer $%nswers will "ary. % possi#le solution$a. c & 'alid, #ut pro#a#ly too

short to #e descripti"e #. cost & (oodc. costAmount & (ood, #ut redundant

d. cost amount & )n"alid, spaces aren*tallowed

e. cstofdngbsns & 'alid, #ut diicult to read. costOfDoingBusinessThisFiscalYear & 'alid, #ut long and

aw!wardg. costYear2012 & (oodh. 2012YearCost & )n"alid, cannot start with

a digit1+2. ) myAge and yourRate are numeric "aria#les, and deartment!ame is a string

"aria#le, which o the ollowing statements are "alid assignments ) a statement is

not "alid, explain why not.

Answer $a. myAge " 2# & 'alid

#. myAge " yourRate & 'alidc. myAge " deartment!ame & )n"alid, cannot assign string to numericd. myAge " $deartment!ame% & )n"alid, cannot assign string to numerice. &2 " myAge & )n"alid, cannot assign a "alue to a literal

constant. yourRate " #'( & 'alidg. yourRate " myAge & 'alid

h.yourRate " deartment!ame

& )n"alid, cannot assign string to numerici. )'*1 " yourRate & )n"alid, cannot assign a "alue to a literalconstant

. deartment!ame " +ersonnel & )n"alid, literal string must #e in uotes!. deartment!ame " $+ersonnel% & 'alidl. deartment!ame " &1# & )n"alid, literal string must #e in uotesm

.

deartment!ame " $&1#% & 'alid


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n. deartment!ame " myAge & )n"alid, cannot assign numeric to stringo. deartment!ame " yourRate & )n"alid, cannot assign numeric to string p. &1# " deartment!ame & )n"alid, cannot assign a "alue to a literal

constant. $&1#% " deartment!ame & )n"alid, cannot assign a "alue to a literal

constant

/. %ssume that cost " 10 and rice " 12. 0hat is the "alue o each o the

ollowing expressions

Answer $a. rice , cost - 2 -

#. 1( . rice , # - 2 21

c. /rice . cost - # 66

d. & , # - 2 . cost

e. cost - //rice , . ( . 100 1

3

4. Draw a typical hierarchy chart or a paychec!-producing program. 5ry to thin! o atleast 13 separate modules that might #e included. or example, one module mightcalculate an employee*s dental insurance premium.

Answer $

7. a. Draw the hierarchy chart and then plan the logic or a program or the salesmanager o 5he 8ouch Potato urniture 8ompany. 5he manager needs a program todetermine the proit on any item sold. )nput includes the wholesale price and retail price or an item. 5he output is the item*s proit, which is the retail price minus thewholesale price. 9se three modules. 5he main program declares glo#al "aria#les and

compute(ross:;

print8hec!:;calculate8hec!:;getData:;

main:;

compute'oluntaryDeductions:;compute


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main program

house!eeping:; detail:; end=>o#:;

Programming Logic and Design, 6e Solutions 2-/

calls house!eeping, detail, and end-o-o# modules. 5he house!eeping module prompts or and accepts a wholesale price. 5he detail module prompts or and acceptsthe retail price, computes the proit, and displays the result. 5he end-o-o# moduledisplays the message ?5han!s or using this program@.

Answer $ % sample solution is as ollows$

a. Hierarchy chart$

Flowchart:

Pseudocode:

startDeclarations

num holesale+ricenum retail+rice


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main program

house!eeping:; detailLoop:; end=>o#:;


num rofitstring 34O567+RO8+T " $6nter the holesale rice%string R6TA957+RO8+T " $6nter the retail rice%string 6!D759!6 " $Than:s for using this rogram%

house:eeing/detail/endOf;ob/

sto

house:eeing/outut 34O567+RO8+Tinut holesale+rice

return

detail/outut R6TA957+RO8+Tinut retail+ricerofit " retail+rice < holesale+riceoutut rofit

return

endOf;ob/outut 6!D759!6

return

#. Ae"ise the proit-determining program so that it runs continuously or any num#ero items. 5he detail loop executes continuously while the wholesale price is not 3B inaddition to calculating the proit, it prompts the user or and gets the next wholesale price. 5he end-o-o# module executes ater 3 is entered or the wholesale price.


#. Hierarchy chart$

Flowchart:


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Pseudocode:

startDeclarations

num holesale+ricenum retail+ricenum rofitstring 34O567+RO8+T " $6nter the holesale rice%string R6TA957+RO8+T " $6nter the retail rice%string 6!D759!6 " $Than:s for using this rogram%

house:eeing/hile not /holesale+rice " 0

detail5oo/endhileendOf;ob/

sto

house:eeing/outut 34O567+RO8+Tinut holesale+rice

return

detail5oo/outut R6TA957+RO8+T


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main program

house!eeping:; detail:; end=>o#:;


inut retail+ricerofit " retail+rice < holesale+riceoutut rofitoutut 34O567+RO8+Tinut holesale+rice

return


return

6. a. Draw the hierarchy chart and then plan the logic or a program that calculates thegown siCe a student needs or a graduation ceremony. 5he program uses threemodules. 5he irst prompts a user or and accepts the student*s height in inches. 5hesecond module accepts the student*s weight in pounds and con"erts the student*sheight to centimeters and weight to grams. 5hen, it calculates the graduation gownsiCe needed #y adding 1/ o the weight in grams to the "alue o the height incentimeters. 5he program*s output is the gown siCe the student should order. 5here

are 2.74 centimeters in an inch and 47/.7 grams in a pound. 9se named constantswhere"er you thin! they are appropriate. 5he last module displays the message ?Endo o#@.


Hierarchy chart$

Flowchart:


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Programming Logic and Design, 6e Solutions 2-+

Pseudocode:

startDeclarations

num student9nchesnum student+oundsnum studentCmnum student=ramsnum student>i?enum C6!T79!79!C4 " 2'(&num =RA879!7+O@!D " &(#'(*string 469=4T7+RO8+T " $6nter the students height in

inches%string 369=4T7+RO8+T " $6nter the students eight in

ounds%string 6!D759!6 " $6nd of ob%

house:eeing/detail/endOf;ob/

sto

house:eeing/outut 469=4T7+RO8+Tinut student9nches


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main program


Programming Logic and Design, 6e Solutions 2-

return

detail/outut 369=4T7+RO8+Tinut student+oundsstudentCm " student9nches - C6!T79!79!C4student=rams " student+ounds - =RA879!7+O@!Dstudent>i?e " //1 # - student=rams . studentCmoutut student>i?e

return


return

#. Ae"ise the siCe-determining program to execute continuously until the user enters 3or the height in inches.


#. Hierarchy chart$

Flowchart:


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Programming Logic and Design, 6e Solutions 2-

Pseudocode:

startDeclarations

num studentFeetnum student9nchesnum student+oundsnum studentCm

num student=ramsnum student>i?enum C6!T79!79!C4 " 2'(&num =RA879!7+O@!D " &(#'(*string 469=4T7+RO8+T " $6nter the students height in

inches%string 369=4T7+RO8+T " $6nter the students eight in

ounds%string 6!D759!6 " $6nd of ob%

house:eeing/


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main program



hile not /student9nches " 0detail5oo/

endhileendOf;ob/

sto

house:eeing/outut 469=4T7+RO8+Tinut student9nches

return

detail5oo/outut 369=4T7+RO8+Tinut student+oundsstudentCm " student9nches - C6!T79!79!C4student=rams " student+ounds - =RA879!7+O@!Dstudent>i?e " //1 # - student=rams . studentCmoutut student>i?eoutut 469=4T7+RO8+Tinut student9nches

return


return

+. Draw the hierarchy chart and design the logic or a program that containshouse!eeping, detail loop, and end-o-o# modules, and that calculates the ser"icecharge customers owe or writing a #ad chec!. 5he main program declares anyneeded glo#al "aria#les and constants and calls the other modules. 5he house!eepingmodule displays a prompt or and accepts a customer*s last name. 0hile the user does

not enter ?@ or the name, the detail loop accepts the amount o the chec! indollars and cents. 5he ser"ice charge is computed as F23 plus 2 percent o the chec!amount. 5he detail loop also displays the ser"ice charge and then prompts the user or the next customer*s name. 5he end-o-o# module, which executes ater the userenters the sentinel "alue or the name, displays a message that indicates the programis complete.


Hierarchy chart$


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Flowchart:

Pseudocode:

startDeclarations

string customer5ast!amenum chec:Amountnum sericeChargenum >6RE9C67C4AR=67BA>6 " 20num >6RE9C67C4AR=67+6RCT " 0'02string !A867+RO8+T " $6nter the customers last name%string C46C7+RO8+T " $6nter the amount of the chec: in

dollars and cents%string 6!D759!6 " $Than: you for using the rogram%

house:eeing/

hile not /customer5ast!ame " $GGGG%detail5oo/

endhileendOf;ob/

sto

house:eeing/outut !A867+RO8+Tinut customer5ast!ame

return


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main program



detail5oo/outut C46C7+RO8+Tinut chec:AmountsericeCharge " >6RE9C67C4AR=67BA>6 .

>6RE9C67C4AR=67+6RCT - chec:Amountoutut sericeChargeoutut !A867+RO8+Tinut customer5ast!ame

return


return

. Draw the hierarchy chart and design the logic or a program or the owner o Gits andPieces


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Programming Logic and Design, 6e Solutions 2-1/

Pseudocode:

start

Declarationsstring emloyee!amenum ee:ly>alarynum ercent9ncreasenum ne>alarystring !A867+RO8+T " $6nter the emloyees name%string +6RCT7+RO8+T " $6nter the ercentage increase

/as a decimal%string >A5ARY7+RO8+T " $6nter the ee:ly salary%string 6!D759!6 " $Than: you for using the rogram%

house:eeing/hile not /emloyee!ame " $HHH%

detail5oo/endhile

endOf;ob/ sto

house:eeing/outut +6RCT7+RO8+Tinut ercent9ncreaseoutut !A867+RO8+Tinut emloyee!ame

return


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main program



detail5oo/outut >A5ARY7+RO8+Tinut ee:ly>alaryne>alary " ee:ly>alary - ercent9ncrease . ee:ly>alaryoutut ne>alaryoutut !A867+RO8+Tinut emloyee!ame

return


return

. Draw the hierarchy chart and design the logic or a program or the manager o the>eter 8ounty sot#all team, who wants to compute #atting a"erages or his players. % #atting a"erage is computed as hits di"ided #y at-#ats, and is usually expressed tothree decimal positions :or example, .2/7;. Design a program that prompts the user

or a player ersey num#er, the num#er o hits, and the num#er o at-#ats, and thendisplays all the data, including the calculated #atting a"erage. 5he program accepts players continuously until 3 is entered or the ersey num#er. 9se appropriatemodules, including one that displays ?End o o#@ ater the sentinel is entered or the ersey num#er.


Hierarchy chart$

Flowchart:


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Pseudocode:

startDeclarations

num ersey!umbernum numOf4itsnum numOfAtBatsnum battingAgstring !@87+RO8+T " $6nter the layers ersey number%string 49T>7+RO8+T " $6nter the number of hits%string BAT>7+RO8+T " $6nter the number of at bats%string 6!D759!6 " $6nd of ob%

house:eeing/hile not /ersey!umber " 0

detail5oo/endhileendOf;ob/

sto

house:eeing/outut !@87+RO8+Tinut ersey!umber


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return

detail5oo/outut 49T>7+RO8+Tinut numOf4itsoutut BAT>7+RO8+Tinut numOfAtBatsbattingAg " numOf4its numOfAtBatsoutut battingAgoutut !@87+RO8+Tinut ersey!umber

return


return

2 solutions to assigned problems

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