2002 research

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From the Chief Executive

2Manukau Institute of Technology Research Report

the community, all contributing to leading edge thinking

in the field of electronic and computer engineering.

T he staff in the School of Visual A rts continue to

maintain a high level of research outputs and thishas

included publications, exhibitions, and a range of

scholarly activity. T he Schools research culture was

enhanced during the year through the inaugural Artist

in Residence scheme. London-based Matt Franks, a

sculptor working at the interface of classical and pop

culture, spent two monthsin residence. Creative N Z ,

the British Council and M IT funding supported hisvisit.

W hile at MIT, Franks exhibited at the Tate Modern

(London) and at te tuhi the mark, in Pakuranga.

M IT staff continue to contribute to knowledge and practice

in a wide range of disciplinesand, asC hief Executive, I am

pleased to present thisreport and to commend staff on

their research achievementsduring 2002.

Jack MacDonald

Chief Executive

M anukau Institute of Technology continuesto

encourage research to inform teaching and to further

develop a research culture through supporting staff in a

variety of research activities. T he 2002 Research

Report outlinesmany of these activitiesand

emphasisesonce again the important connection of

the Institute with the wider businesscommunity

through research.

T he results of research have been presented in a

number of forums, including refereed journalsand

national and international academic conferences.

Presentations to professional organisations, together

with articlesin disciplined based and other general

publications, ensure that knowledge resulting from

research projects is accessible to a more diverse

community.

T he past year hasseen a growth in research projects

carried out in collaboration with other organisations,

including practitioners in the field and other tertiary

providers. T hese are important relationshipsin the

development of a research culture and it is anticipated

that collaborative research, internal and external to

M IT, will continue. T hisyear the report highlights

staff/student collaboration in research within the BE

Honours programme. T he outcome hasbeen an

excellent seriesof papers presented to industry and

FRO N T C O VER: A photo essay of the

three parts of Manukau, Land, Sea and

Sky. Photos: Rob McEldowney

LEFT : Darren Glass, Frisbee Cam

(Cosmo Flying Disk) 2001-2003

TO P: Chief Executive Dr J ack MacDonald.

EDITORIAL

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Doctorates Conferred on MIT Staff,2002

literature and research; the IR checklist and the

interviews with listed companies; and the evaluation

survey and the interviewswith members of the

financial community.

T he results indicated that the conceptual model is a

robust one and haswithstood testing amongst N ewZealand companiesand the financial community. The

study also demonstrated through the model that

effective IR is an holistic process.

Recommendations were presented relating to IR

information flow issues; to the IR programme asa

meansof information delivery;and to enhance the

process, and therefore the quality of IR, from the

perspective of the financial community. Topicsfor

further IR research, both in N ew Zealand and

internationally, were suggested.

In particular, it wasintended, asa professional

doctorate research study, that it contribute towards an

enhanced interface between academic and business

research. T hiswasimplemented by a series of

presentationsin 2002, to the NZ Chartered Institute of

C orporate M anagers, the Public RelationsInstitute of

N Z and the N Z Investor RelationsM anagersG roup.

D etails of the project have also been posted on

ShareC hat, the leading Australasian investment website

and an article waspublished in April by the monthly

businessmagazine, Unlimited. Academic presentations

were made in July to international finance andcorporate governance conferencesat Cardiff U niversity

and Birmingham University. T he research design was

also presented to a doctoral workshop at Southern

C rossUniversity (N SW ) in M ay. It is intended that

further articlesand research will be developed from

the study.

D r Andy G odfrey, of the BusinessSchool and Adjunct

Professor of Southern CrossUniversity, recently

completed hisprofessional doctoral thesis for the

award of D octor of BusinessA dministration. T he

objective of the research study, undertaken over the

four yearsfrom 1998 to 2001, wasto identify the

formal and informal Investor Relations( IR) strategies

used by New Z ealand listed companiesand to evaluate

their effectivenessfrom the perspective of the financial

community. IR may be defined asthe processof

corporate financial communication between companies

and the financial community. T he significance of the

topic hasbecome especially evident following the much

publicised financial scandals, such asEnron and

WorldC om, which have undermined investor

confidence.

A model of key IR principles structured in eight

Elementswasdeveloped to provide a conceptual

framework for the evaluation. The research design,

based on a case study protocol, wasto collect

empirical data about IR programmesfrom N ew

Zealand listed companies and the financial community

and to identify and investigate key issuesthrough semi-

structured interviews. T he qualitative data from the

interviews wasanalysed using an iterative and

deductive pattern-matching approach, based on the

conceptual IR model developed for the research. The

quantitative data was analysed using SPSS for

descriptive statistics: analysis of significance (one sample

Two-Tailed t-test) and partial (stepwise) regression.

T his research design enabled the triangulation of data

to take place - enhancing both the richnessand the

validity and reliability of the study. T he triangulation

wasbetween the IR literature and prior research; the

model set of IR principlesdeveloped from this

3 Manukau Institute of Technology Research Report

DOCTOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION, SOUTHERN CROSS UNIVERSITY

THE PROFESSIONAL DOCTORATE:BRIDGING THE ACADEMIC / BUSINESS DIVIDE?

Dr Andy Godfrey, Manukau Business

School

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Dr Louise Rummel, Department of Nursing and Health Studies

4

D r Louise Rummel, of the Department of N ursing and

Health Studies, wasawarded her D octor of Philosophy

in N ursing by M assey University in 2002. Her thesis

used a H eideggerian H ermeneutic approach to explore

the experiencesof registered nurseswho act as

preceptors to undergraduate student nurses. The

resultant thesis:Safeguarding the practicesof nursing:

the lived experience of being-aspreceptor to

undergraduate student nurses in acute care settings,

makesexplicit this experience. T he thesis used M artin

Heideggers philosophical notion of understanding what

it is to be a person situated within a particular world,

and the work of other notable nurse scholars, D rs

N ancy D iekelmann and Patricia Benner, to inform the

interpretive process. Being-aspreceptor isone way that

registered nursesdwell in the world of nursing practice.

Louise interviewed fifteen volunteer registered nurses

twice aspreceptorsto investigate their experience. The

data generated wasaudio-taped and analysed. The

outcome wasthat four dominant themesemerged. T he

first,Becoming attuned - the call, related to registered

nursesresponding to the call to be preceptors to

students in their clinical placement. T he second,T he

emerging identity of being-aspreceptor: keeping the

student in mind, related to preceptors cultivating their

own identity aspreceptors asthey worked with

students in the world of nursing practice. T he third,

A ssessing where the student isat: the preceptor and

preceptee working and growing together, related to a

constant evaluation by preceptorsof students

knowledge, readinessto learn, and the provision of

learning opportunities. The fourth,Preceptorsas

buildersof nursing practice through teaching reality

nursing, facilitated the precepteesexperience of the

real world of nursing practice. A n overall constitutive

theme:Preceptors asthe safeguarders of the practices

of nursing, emerged asthe essence of the experience.

Each theme is made explicit in the interpretive study by

exemplarsfrom the preceptors language of their

DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN NURSING, MASSEY UNIVERSITY

practice. W hat wasrevealed wasthat although they

enjoyed the experience of being-aspreceptor, they felt

thrown into it and insufficiently prepared to walk

between the two worlds: the world of nursing practice

where they have primary responsibility for patient care

and the world of nursing education where they are

clinical teachers. T hey therefore lived in an in-between

space, which isnot an easy place to dwell asthe

demandsof both worldsrequire considerable balance.

The significance of the studyis that it revealswhat the

experience for registered nursesaspreceptorsto

undergraduate studentsislike, making explicit many

practicesthat are embedded in the role of preceptor which

have been previouslyhidden. A number of papersfrom

the research have been presented at conferencesnationally

and internationally. A chapter in the publication Interpretive

Studies in Health Care and the Human Sciencesbook series

is to be released in the USA in June 2003.

From the research, recommendationsare made for

nursing education, practice and research. In particular,

in nursing education, it is recommended that

preceptorsare informed in students curricula, skilled in

teaching and assessment processes plus being

educationally prepared for the role with a M asters

degree within a nationally achievable time-frame. The

latter recommendation ismade in the light of the

requirement that nurse lecturers must hold a M asters

degree to teach on Bachelor degree programmesand

students receive half of their teaching and learning

experiencesin clinical placements.

Recommendations are for practice challenge leadersin

clinical organisations and nursing education

programmesto collaborate more closely to support

preceptors and nursing students in the teaching and

learning process. It is essential that both partners in

nursing education jointly own the graduate asthey

enter the profession of nursing. A number of

recommendationsfor further research were made.

Manukau Institute of Technology Research Report

DOCTORATESCONFERRED

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Dr Stuart Middleton, Executive Director Student Affairs

imported into education the principlesof the free

market.

A theoretical framework was developed that analysed

the changeson two dimensions. A vertical axis

assessed the nature of the pressures to change and the

realitiesof the skills, knowledge, aspirationsanddispositions that the staff of the C ollege brought to

them. A horizontal axis tracked the progressof the

changesand their impact on the College. T he clusters

of changesthat impacted on pre-service teacher

education emerged aschange narrativesthat reflected

the impact of various institutional mergers,

administrative and professional restructuring, the

development of a research culture, the review of the

degree taught jointly with The University of Auckland,

and the development of a provider degree. T he study,

which employed interviews with both individualsand

focusgroupsand documentsasits prime sourcesof

data, adopted an eclectic methodological approach.

T he impact of those developments on the provisions

for preservice teacher education wasevaluated and

from them a set of principlesfor the management of

transformational change in collegesof education or

simi lar institutionsand organisations wasdeveloped.

D r Stuart M iddleton, Executive D irector Student

A ffairs, completed a qualitative study which analysed

the impact of changeson pre-service teacher

education at the Auckland C ollege of Education over

the period 1985 to 2000.T his wasan intense period as

transformational changesmoved the College from its

previously protected teachers college configuration,

relating closely to the school system, to one which

more typically reflected that of other tertiary

institutions alongside which it was to stand and with

whom it had to compete.

C ollegesof Education in N ew Z ealand had during

most of the 1900senjoyed a protected position as

sole providers of teacher education, providing the

nationscentresand schoolswith teachers. T he price

for this wasthat the N ew Zealand D epartment of

Education exercised tight control over the collegesand

a degree of autonomy wasonly accorded to them

progressively from the 1960s. Change had been

incremental and evolutionary in response to shifting

socio-political pressures.

T he study shows that socio-political change over the

period 1985 2000 wasdramatic in style and

profound in effect as successive governments sought to

reform the economy, the state sector, the

administration of education and the shape of tertiary

education. C ollegesof education, along with other

tertiary institutions, were manoeuvred into a

competitive and contestable environment which

DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPY IN EDUCATION, MASSEY UNIVERSITY


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6

D r Len Jennings, D epartment of Electrical and Electronic

Engineering, recently completed hisstudy for the award

of D octor of Science Education from C urtin University

of Technology, Perth,Western Australia, on the effectsof

computer simulated laboratorieson student learning in

electronic engineering education.

M odern electrical and electronic engineering coursesaim

to develop the cognitive, practical and affective domains

of the student. Electronic engineering today employs

many miniaturised devicesthat can be perceived by the

student asblack boxes. It is important that these black

boxes, through the development of fundamental

underpinning knowledge, are replaced in the students

mind with an understanding of the concepts and

processesinvolved within.To thisend, laboratory work is

an integral part of electronic engineering courses.

Traditionally the laboratory work hasbeen performed in

specialist roomsfitted with specialist equipment where

the aimshave included teaching of concepts, processes

and the development of skills.

Research studies to date have failed to provide clear

evidence and support for laboratory work as an

effective medium for science learning even though the

traditional teaching laboratory in its current form has

been around for a century or more.T husthe door was

wide open for studies of alternative strategiesto the

traditional laboratory.

The study, undertaken by a practitioner in the electronicsengineering education field, analysed the problem-solving

processesand development of learners when they

undertook computer simulated electronic/electrical

engineering laboratories asan alternative form to the

traditional laboratory. A protocol analysismethod was

developed and applied to videotaped recordingsof both

traditional and computer-simulated laboratories

examining student thinking while they were solving

problemsin the laboratory environment. A computer-

simulated laboratory wasdeveloped to replace a

traditional laboratory.

DOCTOR OF SCIENCE EDUCATION, CURTIN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY

The study aimed to assist other practitionersin updating

the concept of what an electronic engineering laboratory

may become. A comparative experiment wasconducted

between a control group undertaking a traditional

electronic/electrical engineering laboratory and a randomly

selected experimental group exposed to an equivalent

computer simulated laboratory. The study used both

qualitative and quantitative analysismethods. The

qualitative methodsincluded interviews, direct observation,

and videotape of the laboratoriesfor subsequent analysis.

The quantitative methodsinvolved statistical analysesof

the resultsfrom a comparative experiment.

The studyconcluded that the computer-simulated

laboratoryused in thisresearch project wasproven to be a

successful learning environment for students. The problem-

solving sequencesobserved in the simulated laboratory

generally resulted in successful outcomesfor the student.

Thiswasmore evident in the computer-simulated

laboratorythan in the traditional laboratory setting.

T he detailed analysis of the student laboratory using

the protocol analysis method developed hasprovided

insight into factorsthat can make a laboratory session

more successful. T he problem-solving sequences

between the traditional laboratory and the computer

simulated laboratory environmentsshow a difference

when the studentsare interacting with the equipment

or with the computer screen.

T he study hasfound that a computer-simulatedlaboratory can be used to replace a traditional

laboratory in an electrical engineering course. For the

type of experiment where the traditional laboratory

doesnot clearly reveal the concepts being examined

because they are not physically available to our senses,

then the computer simulated laboratory can reveal the

information more clearly and can result in improved

student understanding.


Dr Len J ennings, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering

DOCTORATESCONFERRED

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MIT receives donation of touch screens

after which the ingredients can be fed into a hopper

and the mixing processstarted.

D uring 2002 the D epartment of Electrical and

Electronic Engineering purchased small ( 5 inch) touch

screensfrom ifm efectorN Z Pty Ltd. T hese were

integrated into the teaching programme for both PLC

Programming 2 and the new A utomation paper for the

Bachelor of Engineering Technology.

T he company found the paper produced by D avid and

G arry extremely useful when they used it in A ustralia

to assist in obtaining new business.

A sa result of their successthey have donated two 3

video-input TFT colour ( 10 inch) touch screensworth

approximately $20,000 to the D epartment of Electrical

and Electronic Engineering at M IT.

A sa result of their research, D avid Forsyth and G arry

Robinson, D epartment of Electrical and Electronic

Engineering, produced a technical paper on setting up

and programming touch screensto interface to the

A llen Bradley ControlLogix 5550 C ontrollersused by

the Electrical G roup.

A LC D touchscreen can be used asa specific type of

graphical user interface designed for Programmable

Logic Controller (PLC ) Systemsin the world of

automation and control.

T he active surface or active matrix of the LCD screen

is activated from a user touch and can also display data

in the form of user friendly graphics. For example, this

can be in the form of a push button drawn on the

screen which, when pressed, behavesasa real piece of

hardware, and triggers or controlsactions like any

standard push button.

T he applicationsfor the equipment are numerous as

the device can be programmed to perform control

actionswith a controlling PLC limiting the user to a

small set of choiceson the screen at any one time thus

reducing operator errors.

A layered menu system allows the operator to

concentrate on the immediate requirementsof the

control process.

A san example, an application could be a set of recipe

selection screensin a biscuit factor y where on each

screen there is a minimum range of selectable items.

T he input data from the individual screensis fed to the

PLC , then stored until the data required isassembled,


RIGHT:Lecturers Garry Robinson

and David Forsyth, students Graham

Neal and Brad Cole

FAR RIGHT: David Delany,Australasian Manager i fm efector

Pty Ltd, J ohn Melrose HOD

Electrical and Electronic

Engineering and Dr Peter Coolbear,

Deputy CEO of MIT

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ABOVE: David Coltman,

Foundation Studies

Dr Helen Anderson,

Advisor: Bridging Education

Collaborative Research

8

COMPLETED

Pre-entry Risk Factors for Non-completion for

Students Enrolling in Bridging Programmes

DAVID COLTMAN, HEAD OF FOU NDATION STUDIES,

MANUKAU IN STITUTE OF TECHNO LOGY AND RAE

TREWARTHA , HEAD OF SCHO OL OF FO UN DATIO N

STUDIES, UNIT EC

The aim of thisresearch project hasbeen to identify

relevant factorsaffecting student withdrawal on theM anukau Institute of Technology Foundation Education

programmes. T he extent to which high-risk pre-entry

factorsand demographic characteristicspredict student

withdrawal from bridging programmeshasbeen

examined in conjunction with student perceptionsof

the factors influencing withdrawal and reasonsgiven by

students for withdrawal.

The research will be used to further inform practice, asa

basis of pastoral care, for programme planning on

Foundation Education programmesand to contribute to

the body of research in the area of bridging education in

N ew Zealand.

Thisresearch hasnow been completed. A report of

the research in progresswaspresented to the N ew

Zealand Association of Bridging Educators2nd A nnual

Conference, 6 September, 2002.

The project wasundertaken aspart of postgraduate

studies in A dult Education through Massey University.

IN PROGRESS

Accessing Tertiary Education:Voices from Manukau

(in progress)

DR HELEN ANDERSON , MANUKAU INSTITUTE OF

TECH NOLOGY AN D DR MAXIN E STEPH ENSON , TH E

UNIVERSITY OF AUCKLAND

T he aim of this project is to track the experiencesof

studentsparticipating in T he University of A uckland

Bachelor of Education ( Teaching) programme located

at M anukau Institute of Technology.

T he purpose of tracking the studentsis to develop

understanding of the issuesof participation for

studentsin the M anukau cohort of the Bachelor of

Education (Teaching) . The issuesof participation

identified in the literature relate to transition, attrition

and successand while there are some common issues

it hasalso been noted that each location hasits own

characteristics.

T he understanding gained from this study will be

available to inform the development of thisprogramme

and othersworking with similar groups.

T he focusof this project will be to ensure that the

perspectives of the studentsare to the fore.

Interviewing of the 2002 studentsis complete and

analysis of thisdata isprogressing. T hese studentswill be

re-interviewed in 2003 and, funding permitting, in 2004.

This project is supported by the Woolf Fisher Research Centre.


COLLABORATIVERESEARCH

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A study of tertiary Self Access Centres in New

Zealand and Australia (in progress)

HAYO REINDERS, DIRECTOR, ENGLISH SELF ACC ESS

CENTRE,THE UNIVERSITY OF AUCKLAN D; JOHN

JO NES-PARRY, MAN AGER, LAN GUAGE SUPPORT

CENTRE, MANUKAU INSTITUTE O F TECHNO LOGY

AND DR HELEN AN DERSON , ADVISOR BRIDGING

EDUCATION, MANUKAU INSTITUTE OF

TEC HN OLOGY

T he aim of thisproject is to investigate tertiary level

English language learning self accessfacilities in N ew

Zealand and Australia. A major purpose of these

centres is to help international studentsand N ESB

studentsimprove their English while studying. T here

hasbeen some work on identifying and describing self

accesscentresoverseas, particularly in H ong Kong but

little work hasbeen done in A ustralasia. Q uestions

that this research seeks to answer are:

what tertiary level English language learning self

accessfacilities exist in A ustralia and New Zealand?

what previousresearch hasbeen done by those

institutionsthat hasnot been published (eg.

management reports, evaluations, in-house

research)?

what are the institutions pedagogic and other goals

for their self accessfacilities?

how are the self accessfacilitiesorganised in terms

of management and staffing?

what linksexist between them and other

departments/facilities in their institutions?

how much doesthe provision of self accessfacilities

cost each of the institutions?

what isthe influence of the availability of self access

facilities on the number of studentsenrolling for the

providing institutions courses?

what isthe New Zealand and A ustralian

G overnments commitment ( if any) to self access

language learning asan alternative or additional

form of language learning?

D ata collection for this project is complete and analysis

is progressing.

This project is supported by Manukau Institute of Technology and

The University of Auckland.

Perceptions of older persons of person-centred care

and the related satisfaction of their care givers within

the New Zealand context

DR LOUI SE RUMMEL, DEPARTMENT OF NU RSING

AND HEALTH STUDIES, MANUKAU INSTITUTE O F

TECH NOLO GY AN D NZN O NATI ONAL

GERON TOLO GICAL SECTION MEMBERS; M ADAMS,

CHRISTCHURCH, J FEATHERSTON, AUCKLAND, J

HIDE,TIMARU, G LAUDER,W ELLINGTON, K PERI,

AUCKLAND,AN D D. MCGREGOR,AUCKLAND

Following a N ew Zealand N ursesO rganisation

G erontological Conference in 2000, M anukau Institute

of Technology wasasked to facilitate the research study

which isa national study spanning N orth and South

Islands.

T hirty-seven participants have been interviewed to

include both the care recipients and the care givers.

T he interpretive processof the data collected is in

progress.

It is envisaged that the study will be completed early in2003 with a launch date of M arch 21on the N ga Kete

Wananga M arae at M anukau Institute of Technology.

D r M ike N olan, University of Sheffield, author and

researcher who hasundertaken extensive studiesin

the UK on person-centred care, fully supports the

study attended the launch.

This project is supported by the New Zealand Nurses Organisation

Gerontological section and Manukau Institute of Technology.


J ohn J ones-Parry, Manager

Language Support Centre

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BE Student Research

1 0

BE HONOURS MINI-CONFERENCE PAPER PRESENTATIONS

Emerging Ethernet Protocols

KEVIN BOTHA MLEY AN D JIM RODGERSON

M any different vendors have fought over the Fieldbusmarket for the last decade with no emerging overall winner.

N ow with Industrial Ethernet on the horizon the same war looksto be starting over again. Industrial Ethernet hasa

worldwide acceptance asan office networking standard. T here hasbeen interest in Ethernet in the world of

automation, to use asa Fieldbusor complementary to one. Thisresearch project providesan investigation into the

emerging protocolsfor use on industrial Ethernet. Presently there are vendors working separately on protocolsand

there appears to be no link between them. For the industrial market this will mean that while the Fieldbuswars

were fought at the network media and physical level, the Ethernet provides a common medium and so now the

war is with protocolsand applications.

Licence Plate Recognition System

DAVID CHAN SON AND T IM ROBERTS

M any facilities charge per vehicle entry for usage. Such facilitiesinclude parking areas, highways, bridgesor tunnels.It is common to have staff at the checkpointsto control the payment of feesor to have machinesif a set fee is

required. T he purpose of thisresearch is to investigate a suitable way to read and recognize the registration plate

from a photograph of a vehicle. A n automated system could then be implemented to control the payment of fees.

In fact, any situation requiring the automatic control of the identification of a vehicle with a license plate number may

be a potential application for such a system. T his paper presentssome of the resultsof the experiment and a brief

overview of the techniques that were used to successfully recognise the license plate numbers.

Automated People Recognition

EUGENE CH IANG AN D JIM RODGERSON

Face detection and face recognition are veryimportant in security applications. The terrorist attack in N ew York hastaught us

that the war could be anywhere and at anytime. Face detection is the first step to face recognition and people identification.

Face detection isthe detection of the presence and location of faces. It comparesan input image against the facesin a database

and reportsa match. Thisproject hasreviewed some face detection and recognition algorithms, their advantagesand

disadvantages. Some algorithmshave been implemented and tested in JAVA language or in MAT LAB. The evaluation resultsand

further work have been presented. A face recognition system, which combined the facial geometryand Hausdorff D istance

approaches, hasbeen designed and tested. The face recognition system presented here hasa recognition rate of 85.7% .

Spectacle Fitting

PETER DENG AND TIM ROBERTS

T he project proposed to build a system that would allow an image of the clientshead to be captured via a camera

that would allow them to vir tually try on different pairs of spectacle frames. Transparent imagesof spectacle frames

needed to be created to allow the clientsto see their eyesthrough the spectacle frame image. T he major difficulty

for this project wasthat the system had to be able to detect the locations of the eyesin an image. The document

briefly explainssome of the existing methodsthat are used for detecting facial featuresin an image. A face

detection technique using a geometrical face model wasthoroughly investigated and used in the project. T his

approach can accurately detect facial features, especially the eyeswhen some constraints are imposed of how the

image should be captured. The system wasdeveloped using Java.

T he BE H onours candidatespresented their research findingsat the BE M ini-conference held 26 June 2002 at

M anukau Institute of Technology. A bstracts from the papers presented are listed below. The studentsname isgiven

first followed by their Supervisorsname. T he non-Honours studentspresented a poster display of their work at the

conference. A list of the poster display titlesfollowsthe abstracts.


J im Rodgerson, Department of

Electrical and Electronic

Engineering

BE Hons student Peter Deng who

undertook the Spectacle Fitting

research project

STUDENT

RESEARCH

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Distributed Object Technologies

ADAM MADD OX AN D TIM ROBERTS

T he purpose of thisstudy is to compare the performance and code size of a distributed web application as

implemented in M icrosoft .N et and Java 2 Enterprise Edition (J2EE). T he defining feature of thiscomparison is the

common architecture that the .N et and J2EE applicationsshare. T he architecture used followsa traditional three

tier pattern that consists of Presentation logic, M iddleware components, and back-end persistence. T he realization

of a common architecture enablesan applesto apples comparison of the competing technologies that will reflect

the performance of the platform, independent of the implementation. In addition, the study comparesand

contrasts the .N et and J2EE blueprint application known asthe .N et Pet Shop and Java Pet Store. T he comparison

considersthe technologiesemployed and the proposed architecture.

Artificial Neural Network for Colour Image Analysis

PAUL MCCO RMACK AND SNJEZANA SOLTIC

T his paper presentstwo different artificial neural network architecturesdesigned to perform segmentation on

digital colour images. A background to artificial neural networks is given along with an overview of colour image

segmentation with particular reference to threshold techniques. T he radial basis and feed forward back propagation

networksare used to classify the input pixelsfrom colour imagesinto wanted and unwanted and the results

reconstructed to form a new image. T he obtained resultssubstantiate the feasibility of the two networks, whose

performance can be compared to classical techniquesof image segmentation.

Third Generation Mobile Communications Antennas

FADIA MUDAFAR AND Q INGW EI PAN

Research activitiesof 3rd G eneration Antennasare growing throughout the world. T his is due to the thicknessand

weight of mobile phonesbeing downsized and the demand for smaller aerials being increased accordingly. W ith this

decrease of thicknessand size, the antenna performance must remain the same. C oncernsof the effectsof

radiation must be considered by reducing the emission of radiationsto the human head. T he purpose of this

research is to use M icro-Stripes software in the simulation of patch antenna design and use a Spectrum analyser

and a directional coupler in the measurements. T his paper showssome 3rd G eneration Antennas.

Spatial Dimensioning of Objects

CHRISTOPHER OCALLAGHAN, CHRIS LOH AND AND REW C HALMERS

T he purpose of thiswork is the extraction of 3-dimensional information for a real world object from a series of 2-

dimensional images. A system to integrate camera calibration with a structured lighting approach for depthdetection hasbeen designed. The simplicity of a monocular set-up allowsan inexpensive approach to the process

of extracting the spatial coordinates of the object and displaying these in a virtual environment. Full reconstruction

processing allowsthe vir tual object to be viewed from any desired angle.

Virtual Machines Laboratory

ROOPAK SINHA AND TIM ROBERTS

Computer-based education hassteadily gained popularity, recognition and acceptance over the last three decades.

D ue to variousshortcomingsof the traditional methods of performing educational laboratories, computer-based

vir tual laboratories have emerged asa potential alternative to traditional laboratories. C omputersoffer many

potential improvementsand benefits over traditional laboratories. However, aswith any technology, computer-aided

laboratorieshave their own disadvantagesand related problems. T hispaper briefly describes variousvirtual

laboratory implementation models and the advantagesand disadvantagesof virtual laboratories over traditionallaboratories. T he design and development of V ir tual M achinesLaboratories software, a set of online simulated

laboratories created during the course of this project, is also discussed.


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Speech Recognition and Synthesis for Embedded Systems

LEON SMITH AND LEN JENN INGS

Asmachinesbecome ever more capable and their use more pervasive, the need for natural communication

between human and machine gains crucial significance. T he growing reliance on rapid electronic communication has

resulted in a demand for small, reliable speech recognisers functional in a variety of applications and environments,

both recreational and industrial. By extrapolating current trendsin increasing processing power and memory

devicesat reduced costs, complicated embedded systems could incorporate voice technology that is commercially

viable and of benefit to users, resulting in increased productivity. T his research includesinvestigations into the

feasibility of incorporating speech recognition into smaller embedded systems where tolerance for error isminimal.

A particular focushasbeen on the importance of effective source signal acquisition, typically provided by a

microphone. A dditionally, this research focuseson problems with the current technology and raises issuesthat must

be considered in order to effectively implement these systems.

DSP Application in Range Finding

YU N ZH AN G AND LEN JEN NIN GS

D igital Signal Processing (D SP) is one of the most powerful technologiesthat hasbeen widely used in a broad range

of fields. It provides high performance and high precision of signal processing ability, which is impossible to achieve

in the conventional analog signal processing. T here are many different D SP algorithms used to deal with the range

finding signal processing where the main task of D SP is the time delay estimation ( T D E). In order to obtain T D E

accurately, D SP hasthe ability to suppressvarious kindsof noise, detect and extract the desired echo signal. Those

D SP algorithmsinclude correlation, adaptive filter, wavelet analysis and more. T hisresearch project studiesthecorrelation and adaptive filter application in range finding systems.

BE RESEARCH POSTER PRESENTATIONS

D igital Image C ontrol and Storage

STANLEY CHUN

G SM vs C D M A an objective comparison

JASON DREAVER

D etection of O verhead Power Linesfor A ircraft

RAVI KU MAR

G round Penetration Radar

ARVIND RANGENENI

Subnet Relaying Using Blue Tooth and G PS

CHAN PREET SINGH

Solar Energy Converters in N ew Zealand

ROBERT SURREY

1 2Manukau Institute of Technology Research Report

BE Hons student Leon Smith who

undertook the Speech Recognition

and Synthesis for Embedded

Systems research project

BE student J ason Dreaver whose

research on GSM versus CDMA

was undertaken for industry.

STUDENT

RESEARCH

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Manukau Institute of Technology Staff ResearchOutputs and Scholarly Activities

REFEREED JOURNAL ARTICLES

Chung,H.F.L. M anukau BusinessSchool, (2002) A n

empirical investigation of marketing programme and

processelements in the home-host scenario. Journal of

Global Marketing, 16, (1/2) .

Cooke,B.School of Visual Arts, (2002) Humanism in

N ew Zealand. Tijdschrift voor Humanistiek, 10, (3)

pp71-74.

Fourie,W.N ursing and H ealth Studies, Andrew,C &

Oliver, J. (2002) D efining currency of practice for

nurse educators. Praxis, N ov.

Greenfield,C.Early Childhood Education, (2002) The

visibility and role of intersubjectivity and peer collaboration

in young childrens play and cognitive development.

New Zealand Research in Early Childhood Education, 5.

Pitchfork,E. M anukau BusinessSchool, (2002) Lifting

the Veil a distinctive N ew Z ealand approach.

Company and Securit ies Law Journal, 20, (119).

Shepstone,N. Engineering and Electronics, (2002)

Teaching electrical power systems using computer

solutions. Internat ional Journal Electrical Engineering

Education, 39, (4)

NON-REFEREED JOURNAL ARTICLES

Cooke,B.School of Visual A rts, (2002) Is the

intellectual poverty of the art establishment apparent?

A rtistsA lliance, (57) , < ?xml:namespace prefix= o

ns= urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office/>D ecember 2002/January 2003.

United we fall? The Open Society, 75, (4), p 1.

The art of evolution. Probe, (4), pp 26-30.

The lure of the local. Artists Alliance, (56), Sep/O ct

2002, p 9.

W hat are galleriesfor? Artists Alliance, (55), Aug/

Sep 2002, p 9.

Voting for the open society. The Open Society, 75, (3), p 1.

A demeaning thought. Artists Alliance, (54), Jun/Jul2002, p 10.

BOOKS

Collier,A.Travel and Tourism, (2002) Principles of Tourism:

a New Zealand perspective. 6th Edition, Pearson

Education.

Cullen,P. School of Visual Arts, & Hendry,M. (2002)

Observatory:P Cullen,Auckland.

Porter,G. School of Visual Arts, (2002) 1,000,000

Delinquents.Waikato Polytechnic Media ArtsD epartment, Hamilton.

Porter,G.and Kirby,M.School of Visual A rts, (2002)

Collected Julian Dashper Reviews by T.J.M cNamara. A n

essay for the C onstructed World Project , Hospitality,

Brooklyn, N YC .

SECTIONS IN BOOKS

Cooke,B.School of Visual A rts, (2002) N ietzsche and

Heidegger. In:Values,Society & Evolution, Ed: H James&

D elaney Birx,T im: A uburn, N Y:Legend.

T he Value of N aturalism. In:Values, Society &

Evolution, Ed: H James& D elaney Birx,T im: Auburn,

N Y:Legend.

Kirby,M.School of Visual Arts, (2002) Blue Circles.

Campbelltown C ity Bicentenial A rt Gallery, Sydney.

Olney,L.BusinessServices, (2002) Holding the line; a

feminist oral history account and analysis of one

womansexperience of more than 40 years using

telephonesasa meansof doing business. In: School

Postgraduate Review, Ed:J.Coleman and M .N ash, M assey

University, 1, 2002, pp 1-39.

Rummel,L.N ursing and Health Studies, (2002)

Interpretive studiesin healthcare and the Human

Sciencesbook series. In: Caring and Culture in Health,

Healthcare and Healing,3, University of Wisconsin Press.

Szirmay,M.School of Visual A rts, (2002) In New Zealand

Sculpture, Ed:M ichael Dunn,Auckland University Press.

Weterman,F. M anukau BusinessSchool, (2002)Long

term decision making and Introduction to

management accounting , in Accounting for decision

makers, Jackling et al, M cG raw H ill, forthcoming.


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Undeniable presumptuousnessamusesthe godless.

The Open Society, 75, (2), p 1.

C reative rationalism and positive atheism. The Open

Society, 75, (2), pp 2-6, reprinted in Atheist( India) , 28,

(7), Jul 2002, pp 9-14.

G oldie yawn. Artists Alliance, (53), Apr/M ay 2002, p 9.

To G E or not to GE. The Open Society, 75, (1), p 1.

A fter Postmodernism: a readersguide. Artists

Alliance, (52) , Feb/M ar 2002, pp10-11.

Fourie,W.N ursing and Health Studies, (2002)

A ssessments and evaluation online. WITHIT (Online

Journal) Waikato Institute of Technology Hermeneutic of

Interactive Teaching.

Godfrey,A. M anukau BusinessSchool, (2002) Small

shareholdersfed crumbs. Unlimited, A pril, pp 62-63.

Effective investor relationscan enhance corporate

governance. The Independent, 11, (474), 24 Sep, pp 19-20.

Improving investor relationsin New Zealand. The

Independent, 11, (479) 30 O ct, pp 23-26.

Kirby,M. School of Visual A rts, (2002) Creative

exotica. Probe, 4.

Lee,D.Early C hildhood Education, (2002) Passion,

participation & pedagogy: reflectionson the Reggio

Emilia approach to infant and toddler care and

education. The First Years Journal Nga Tau Tuatahi NZ

Journal of Infant and Toddler Education, 4, (1).

Porter,G. School of Visual Arts, (2002) The Julian Dashper

interviews#2, the lightning field etc. Probe, 4.

Just a little bit country: contemporary N Z art and

the sticks. Pulp, 27, M ar-A pr.

Brutal pseudonym. 1,2,3,4,Sydney, 4, Log Illustrated, 15.

Shepstone,N.Electrical and Electronic Engineering (2002)

O n standby. Electrical Technology, Feb/Mar, pp 22-23.

A simple method for determining the size of diesel

generatorsthat are used to supply transient loads.

Energize:Power Journal of t he South African Institute of

Electrical Engineers, Jul, pp 30-32.

THESES

Beck,J. N ursing and Health Studies, (2002) Bullying in

nursing. M A , FlindersUniversity, A delaide, Australia.

Huddleston,I. Learning C entre, (2002) T he rising of

the moon. M Sc. (M athematicsEducation) , Curtin

University of Technology, Perth,Western Australia.

Jennings,L. Electrical and Electronic Engineering, (2002)

The effects of computer simulated laboratoriesonstudent learning in electronic engineering education.

D octor in Science Education, Curtin University of

Technology, Perth,Western Australia.

Johnston,P.V. School of Visual Arts, (2002) Inventory:

boxed importsre-collected. M A (A rt and D esign),

A uckland U niversity of Technology.

McLellan,E.School of Visual Arts, (2002) D esire and

the split subject. M FA ,T he University of Auckland.

Middleton,S.Executive, (2002) T he dynamicsof

transformation at the Auckland C ollege of Education

1985-2000; an analysis of the impact of socio-political

and institutional change on pre-service education. PhD

(Education), M assey University, Palmerston N orth.

Pope,B.N ursing and Health Studies, (2002) The meaning

of the nursing encounter to women who have been abused

in domestic violence. MA, M asseyUniversity, Albany.

Rummel,L. N ursing and Health Studies, (2002)

Safeguarding the practicesof nursing: the experience

of being-aspreceptor to undergraduate student nurses

in an acute care setting. PhD (N ursing) , M assey

University, A lbany.

Shelton,A. School of Visual A rts, (2002) She haseyes

in the back of her head; narratives of duplicity, vision

and femininity. M FA , University of British Colombia,

Vancouver, Canada.

1 4Manukau Institute of TechnologyResearch Report

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J ohn Connor, Trix LeProu, Willem

Fourie, Katrina Wahanui, Stuart

McDonald

CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS

REFEREED

Anderson,H. Advisor: Bridging Education, Projects, and

Coltman,D.Foundation Education, (2002) A N ew

Zealand bridging education model: theoretical

perspectives on practice. Proceedings of the 11th EAN

Annual Conference PratoTrentham Books: UK, in press.

Anderson,H. Advisor:Bridging Education,with Benseman

J.& Nichol, J. (2002) Recruitment isbut the first step:

lessonsin retention from accessstrategiesin N ew

Zealand. Proceedings of the 11th EAN Annual Conference

PratoTrentham Books, UK, in press.

NON-REFEREED

Anderson,H. A dvisor: Bridging Education, (2002) Ed:

Bridging education in N ew Zealand: proceedingsof

the inaugural conference of the N ew Z ealand

Association of Bridging Educators N Z , M anukau

Institute of Technology, A uckland.

Fourie,W.,Bartlett,S.,Connor,J.& McDonald,S. (2002)N ursing and Health Studies,The role of the registered

nurse in an acute mental health in-patient setting:

perceptionsversusreality. Proceedingsof APN Z

Research Forum C onference:Research that Works:

Interacting to Innovate, ISBN 0-473-09002-3, pp 63-69, Sep.

CONFERENCES

Anderson,H. Advisor:Bridging Education,Projects,

(2002) W hat to teach and how: pedagogy for bridging

educators. Presented to the 2nd Annual Conference of

the N ew Z ealand Association of Bridging Educators,

Auckland, Sep.

Anderson,H.Advisor:Bridging Education,and Stephenson,

M. (2002) A preliminary report. Voicesfrom Manukau:

Accessing the D iscourse of tertiaryeducation. Presented

to the NZARE C onference, Palmerston North,D ec.

Barnett, S.M anukau BusinessSchool, Marks,S.&

Sankaran,S.(2002) A ction learning in a M anagers into

project managers project: teaching project

management to practising managers using real projects

and on-line support in an A ustralian and N ew Z ealand

international MBA program. Presented to the IFSA M

C onference, G old C oast, Q ueensland, A ustralia, Jul.

Barnett,S. M anukau BusinessSchool, Devine,S &

Hawkins,M. (2002) Leading bridge building projects:

innovating bridge building into tertiary education.

Presented to the 2nd Annual Conference of the N ew

Zealand Association of Bridging Educators, Auckland, Sep.

Barnett,S.J. Communication Studies, Rajan,S.& Wilson,A.

(2002) Art in communication. Presented to the NZC A

Conference (The Art of C ommunication), N elson,D ec.

Broodkorn,M.N ursing and Health Studies, (2002)

Teaching Maori health professionalsto teach.

Presented to the H ealth Professional C onference,

Bloemfontein, South A frica, 7-10 O ct.

Campbell,D. M anukau BusinessSchool, (2002)

G ourmet entrepreneur. Presented to the 12th Annual

N ordic Conference on Small BusinessResearch,

Finland, 26-28 M ay.

Cater,K.& Peterson,R. Centre for Educational

D evelopment, (2002) D eveloping a graduate profile in aN Z Polytechnic. Presented to the International Lifelong

Learning Conference,Yeppoon, Q ueensland, 16-19 Jun.


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Chung,H.F.L. M anukau BusinessSchool, (2002) A nalysis

of marketing strategiesselection the experience of

A ustralian and N ew Zealand firms. Presented to the

A ustralia N ew Zealand Marketing Academy Conference

(AA N ZM AC ), D eakin University, Australia, D ec.

Cobden-Grainge,F. N ursing and Health Studies, (2002)

A career in crisis. Presented to the N ew Zealand

N ursesO rganisation N ursing Research Section

C onference, Hamilton, 26-27 A pr.

Coltman,D. Foundation Education, (2002) N on-

completion - student perceptions; a report of research

in progress. Presented to the NZ Bridging Educators

C onference, Auckland, 6 Sep.

Coltman,D. Foundation Education, & Anderson,H.

Advisor: Bridging Education, Projects, (2002) A N ew

Zealand bridging education model: theoretical

perspectiveson practice. Presented to the European

AccessN etwork, Prato, Italy, Jun.

Coltman,D Further Education, & Trewatha,R. (2002)

Bridging Educators, breaking the mould. Presented to

the TERN Z Conference, D unedin, 30 N ov-1 Dec.

Cooke,B.School of Visual Arts, (2002) Humanism in troubled

times. Presented to the Creative Rationalism,Third Rationalist

International Conference, N ew Delhi, India,8-12 Feb.

Speaker at session dedicated to H umanism secularism

and youth. at the G ora Birth Centenary International

Conference, Andhra Pradesh, India, 15-17 Feb.

Fourie,W.N ursing and Health Studies, (2002) The Role

of the registered nurse in an acute mental health in-

patient setting: perceptionsversusreality. Presented tothe Research That Works: Interacting to Innovate APN Z

Research Forum, UCO L, Palmerston N orth, 26-27 Sep.

A ssessmentsand evaluationsonline. Presented to

the Talkfest, Waikato Institute of Technology, 30-31 Aug.

Friedel,J.N ursing and Health Studies, (2002) Science in

nursing education: a conceptual framework for the

investigation of perceptionsof the nursing curriculum.

Presented to the 33rd Annual Conference of the

A ustralasian Science Education Research Association,

Townsville, Q ueensland, 11-14 Jul.

Godfrey,A.M anukau BusinessSchool, (2002) Investorrelationsin N ew Z ealand - a research study. Presented

to the N ew Zealand Investor RelationsM anagers

G roup,Auckland, 2 M ay.

Investor relationsin N ew Z ealand - an evaluation.

Presented to the N ew Zealand Chartered Institute of

Corporate M anagers, A uckland, 21 May.

Investor relationsin N ew Z ealand - an evaluation.

Presented to T he Public RelationsInstitute of New

Zealand (PRIN Z) , Auckland, 21 M ay.

The D octoral experience and research process.

Presented to the D octor of BusinessA dministration

D octoral Workshop,Graduate College of M anagement,

Southern CrossUniversity, N SW, Australia, 31 M ay-2 Jun.

An evaluation of investor relationsin New Zealand.

Presented to the Sixth Annual Financial Reporting and

BusinessCommunication Conference, Cardiff Business

School, Cardiff University,Wales, 4-5 July.

Corporate governance, accountability and corporate

financial communication - a model for investor relations?

Presented to the 1st International Conference on

Corporate Governance,T he Birmingham BusinessSchool,

the University of Birmingham, England,9 Jul.

Investor relationsin N ew Zealand - a communications

gap? Presented to the Auckland Region Accounting

Conference, M assey University, Auckland, 6 D ec.

Investor relationsin N ew Zealand:a case study of a

small financial market. Presented to the 15th Australasian

Finance and Banking Conference, Auckland, 16 Dec.

Halliday,C.Communication Studies, (2002) A new art

to teaching assertiveness: a crosscultural approach.

Presented to the N ZC A Conference (T he Art of

Communication), N elson, D ec.

Taking cultural differencesinto account. Presented

to the N ew Z ealand Communication A ssociation

N orthern Regional Conference, A uckland, Sep.

Henare,K. & Salman,R.Computing & Information

Technology, (2002) Egraphic design process. Presented

to the 15th A nnual Conference of the N ACC Q ,

Hamilton, 2-5 Jul.

Holst-Larkin,J.Communication Studies, (2002) Email and

the writersvoice:is it speech or writing? Presented to the

5th Biennial Tertiary N etwork C olloquium,Auckland, D ec.

W hatshappening to the art of rapport in business

messages? Presented to the N ZC A C onference (T he

A rt of C ommunication) , N elson, D ec.


RESEARCHOUTPUTSAND

SCHOLARYACTIVITIES

8/13/2019 2002 Research

17/25

Howie,L. Social Sciences, (2002) Learning

conversations. Presented to the Politicsof Early

Childhood C onference, A uckland, Aug.

Hyde,K.& Chung,H.F.L.Manukau BusinessSchool, (2002)

The impact of Immigrant Effects on international marketing

strategy. Presented to the Australia N ew Zealand

Marketing AcademyC onference (2002) (AN ZM AC ),

Deakin University, Melbourne,Australia,2-4 Dec.

Jansen,G.& Rimoni,R. Learning C entre, (2002)

W hose place is it anyway?Welcome to our

discourse. Paper presented to the 5th Biennial Tertiary

W riting N etwork C olloquium, A uckland, 5-6 Dec.

Jennings,L. Electrical and Electronic, (2002) A

comparison of a traditional laboratory versusa

computer simulated laboratory. Presented to the

N ETEC Conference, Hamilton, 28 N ov.

Kane,P.Further Education, (2002) Learning

mathematics, being taught mathematics: the school

experiencesof bridging mathematicsstudents.

Presented to the Tenth A ustralasian Bridging

M athematicsC onference, UN IT EC, A uckland, 4-6 Jul.

Kirby,M. School of Visual A rts, (2002) Creative

Pasifika. Presented to T he Pacific Economic

Symposium: the Pacific Economy, Auckland, Jul.

Lopez,M.Computing and Information Technology,

(2002) Recognising the bad eggs. Presented to the

15th Conference of the N ACC Q , Hamilton, 2-5 Jul.

Mahmood, S.Social Sciences, (2002) G ood early

childhood practices, are they alwaysculturally

appropriate? Presented to the N AEYC (N ational

Association for the Education of Young Children)

Conference, N ew York, USA , N ov.

Middleton,S.Executive, (2002) G oing round in circles:

effective professional development . Presented to the

Central D istrictsA P/DP Boutique Conference, N ew

Plymouth, 2 Aug.

Morrison,T.Computing and Information Technology,

(2002) A generic profiler for word-processed

documents. Presented to the NZ A pplied Business

Education C onference, C hristchurch, 25-27 Sep.

Nicholson Burr,M.N ursing and Health Studies, (2002)O n line teaching and learning: a way forward for busy

nurses? Presented to the 11th South Pacific N urses

Forum,Vanuatu, 19-23 A ug.

Peppiatt, J. Computing and Information Technology,

(2002) The webservicesarchitecture for mission

critical systems: a case study. Presented to the 15th

A nnual Conference of the N ACC Q , H amilton, 2- 5 Jul.

Plimmer,B.E.& Apperly,M. Computing and Information

Technology, (2002) Computer-aided sketching to

capture preliminary design. Presented to the Australian

User Interface Conference, M elbourne,Australia, Jan.

Freeform: an informal environment for interface

prototyping. Presented to the CH IN Z , Hamilton, Jul.

Roberts,T. Electrical and Electronic Engineering (2002)

Virtual machines. Presented to AA EE, Canberra,

A ustralia, Sep.

Roberts,W.& Krsinich,K. Further Education, (2002)

Literacy learning needsand teaching strategieson a

bridging programme. Presented to the N Z Bridging

Educators C onference, Auckland, 6 Sep.

Rugis,J. Electrical and Electronic Engineering (2002)

Convolution and audio effects. Presented to M ulti

M anukau-M ultimedia Conference, Auckland, Jul.

Rummel,L. N ursing and H ealth Studies, (2002) Safeguarding

the practicesof nursing:the meaning of being-aspreceptor

to undergraduate student nursesin an acute care setting.

Addressto the Advanced Heideggerian Hermeneutic

Institute,Universityof Wisconsin,M adison,USA, 24 Jun.

Rummel,L. N ursing and H ealth Studies, (with

Featherston,J.& McGregor,D.) (2002) Patient-centred

care for the older person what does it mean in the

N ew Zealand context? Presented to the N ew Zealand

N ursesO rganisation N ursing Research Section

C onference;Research Contributing to the Future of

N ursing , Hamilton, 26-27 A pr.

Rummel,L. N ursing and Health Studies, (with

Featherston,J.,McGregor,D.& Peri,K.) (2002)

Investigating client centred care within the diversity of the

N ew Zealand aged care setting:an N ZN O /MIT research

initiative. Presented to the New Zealand Nurses

O rganisation 3rd National G erontologyConference,

Auckland, 7-9 A ug.

Rydon,S. N ursing and Health Studies, (2002) Practice

and rolesof mental health nurses: impediment to the

therapeutic role. Presented to the 11th South Pacific

N ursesForum,Vanuatu, 19-23 Aug.


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Mihi Wells, School of Sport

Sterne,G. Communication Studies, (2002) T he art of

internal communication: a case study. Presented to the

N ew Zealand Communication Association N orthern

Regional C onference, Auckland, Sep.

C ommunication consulting: M IT @ Viko. Presented to

the N ZC A C onference (T he Art of Communication) ,

N elson, D ec.

Sutton,R & Hookings,A.Electrical and Electronic

Engineering (2002) A n introduction to two modern

nonlinear adaptive control methods. Presented to

N ETEC Conference, Hamilton, 28 N ov.

Sylvester,G. Executive, & Woodhead,N. A cademic

A uditor, (2002) Compliance and the changing

workplace. Presented to the Australasian Association

for Institutional Research Inc. Conference, (A A IR) , Perth,

Western Australia, 4-6 D ec.

Todd, J.Computing and Information Technology, (2002)

G ender imbalances in Technology Education: an analysis

of one programmes enrolments. Presented to the 15thA nnual Conference of the N ACC Q , Hamilton, 2-5 Jul.

Wang,Y. Computing and Information Technology, &

Witten,I.H. (2002) M odelling for optimal probability

prediction. Presented to the 19th International

C onference on M achine Learning, Sydney, A ustralia, Jul.

Wells,M. Sport and Recreation, (2002) Leisure - a

vehicle for lessacademic students to achieve higher

learning. Presented to The First Pacific Rim Education

C onference, Honolulu, Hawaii, Jan.

Weterman,L. BusinessServices, (2002) O n the job.

Presented to the N ational BusinessA dministration

Forum Teaching in Focus, Auckland, 3-5 Apr.

REFEREES/REVIEWERS

Chalmers,A. Lip image segmentation using fuzzy

clustering incorporating an elliptic shape function.

Review of paper for IEEE transactionson image

processing, published by IEEE Signal Processing Society,

Piscataway, N W 08855-1331, USA.

Cooke,B.School of Visual Arts, (2002) Philosophyin crisis:

the need for reconstruction. M ario Bunge,Amherst,

N Y:PrometheusBooks, 2001,The Open Society, 75, (4), p 20.

G od after D arwin. John F Haught,Westview Press,

Boulder, C olorado, 2000, Yana, 59,Aug 2002, pp 18-19.

Values, society and evolution. Ed:H JamesBirx &

T im Delaney, A uburn, N Y:Legend, 2002, The Open

Society, 75, (3), p 23.

Jesusand the politicsof interpretation. Elisabeth

Schssler Fiorenza, Continuum, N ew York, 2000,The

Open Society, 75, (2), pp 22-23, (solicited review).

Helen:portrait of a prime minister. Brian Edwards,

Auckland:Exisle, 2001, The Open Society, 75, (1), pp 23-24.

Hyde,K. Manukau BusinessSchool, (2002) Review of

Manzanec et alsC onsumer Psychologyof Tourism, Hospitality

and Leisure Vol 2. http://www.leisuretourism.com., M ay.

Tarulevicz,P.School of Communication Studies, (2002)

Content reader for the new edition of C hase, P.,

O Rourke, S., Smith, L., Sutton, C .,T imperley,T., Walker, J.

& Wallace, C .,Effective Business Communication in New

Zealand, Longman Paul, A uckland.

Trenwith,L.School of Communication Studies, (2002)

Referee for the Communication Journal of New Zealand,Te

Hinga Korero, N ew Zealand Communication Association

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Emma McLellan, detail from

Untitled, 2002

(N ZC A) , a professional organisation established in 1988

to support and promote scholarship and teaching in the

Communication field, and the development, recognition

and application of effective communication practices

especially in the N ew Zealand context.

OTHER PUBLICATIONS AND COMPUTER

SOFTWARE

Chung,H.F.L. M anukau BusinessSchool, (2002)

Immigrant effect good for business. Essay in N Z

Herald, Section 1, 27 N ov.

Cobden-Grainge,F. N ursing and H ealth Studies, &

Walker, J. (2002) N ew Zealand N urses Career Plans.

Repor t funded by M anukau Institute of Technology,

N ursing Education and Research Foundation, and

Christchurch Polytechnic of Technology, ISBN 0-

908668-61-9, Feb.

Forsyth,D.& Robinson,G. Electrical and Electronic

Engineering ( 2002) Interfacing Proface Touchscreens.

Publication for ifm effector pty ltd.

Godfrey,A. M anukau BusinessSchool, (2002) N Z investor

relationscould be better. http://sharechat.co.nz,2 Apr.

Middleton,S.Executive, (2002) Towardsthe brave

new world of pay parity. Education Review, G erritson, J

(Ed), 19 Jun, p 20.

Itsa knockout. Election Special Column,Education

Review, G erritson, J. (Ed) , 19 June, p 3.

Taking to the streets. Election Special Column,

Education Review, G erritson, J. (Ed) , 26 June, p 4.

M issing the point. Election Special Column,

Education Review, G erritson, J. (Ed) , 3 July, p 3.

Boring new mistakes. Election Special C olumn,

Education Review, G erritson, J. (Ed) , 10 July, p 2.

Welcome to Uncle Stuartshelp column. Education

Review, G erritson, J. (Ed), 17 July, p 16.

Fiddling while Rome burns . Education Review,

G erritson, J. (Ed) , 17 July, p 2.

A ll over the bar shouting .Education Review,

G erritson, J. (Ed) , 24 July, p 6.

O pportunity lost. Election Special Column,

Education Review, G erritson, J. (Ed) , 7 A ugust, p 2.

D egreesof separation or just cashed up?

Education Review, G erritson, J. (Ed) , 14 A ugust, p 2.

D octor can no longer be presumed. Education

Review, G erritson, J. (Ed), 16 September, p 16.

C ertifiably yours. Education Review, G erritson, J.

(Ed) , 18 September, p 16.

No more time for lip service:M aori Education

aspirations. Education Review, Gerritson, J. (Ed), 2 O ctober, p 4.

G lobal teachers must crossthe cultural borders.

Education Review, G erritson, J. (Ed) , 22 N ovember, p 16.

T is the season to be jolly a C hristmasmiscellany.

Education Review, G erritson, J. (Ed) , 20 D ecember, p 16.

Peppiatt, J. Computing and Information Technology, (2002)

Key4free:D istributed Booking System v2.0, software.

Plimmer,B.E.Computing and Information Technology, (2002)

Freeform:Sketch Interface for Visual Basic v2.0, software.

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Roberts,T. Electrical and Electronic Engineering (2002)

EM IT Toolbox, software.

Weterman,F. M anukau BusinessSchool, (2002)

Understanding A ccounting Principles (3). LexisN exis

Butterworths, CD Rom.

Wood,E. (2002) Chaplaincy servicesunder threat!

T he N ew Zealand H ealthcare ChaplainsA ssociation

N ewsletter, 8, (16) , Jun.

BOOK REVIEWS

Cooke,B.School of Visual Arts, (2002) A Rebel to His

Last Breath: Joseph McCabe and Rationalism.Amherst, N Y :

Prometheus, 2001 reviewed by the following:

A ustin C line, http://atheism.about.com.library/books.

full.aafprRebelLast.htm, 1 Jan.

Professor EmeritusPeter Donovan,Yana, 59,Aug, pp 13-14.

D r William Harwood,Freethought Perspective, USA, 3,

(4), pp 8-9.

Jim Herrick, New Humanist, 117, (1), Spring, pp 36-37.

Terry Liddle, Bullet in of the Thomas Paine Society and

Journal of Radical History, UK , 5, (4), M ar, pp 22-23.

Vic Lloyd, Queensland Humanist, 36, (1) , M ar, pp 20-21.

C olin McCall, Freethinker, UK , 122, (3), M ar, pp 12-13.

D avid Tribe, Australian Humanist,W inter, (66) , pp 16-17.

Hal Verb,American Rationalist, Sep/O ct, pp 11-12.

ADDRESSES

Anderson,H.Advisor: Bridging Education, (2002)

Equitable legislation, inequitable practice. Participation in

the discourse of tertiary education. Plenary speaker at

the Auckland Tertiary Equity Committee Conference,

Auckland, Jul.

Middleton,S. Executive, (2002) G etting what you want

and wanting what you get: The collaborative effort

required for best schools. Keynote Address, Annual

Conference of the N ew Zealand School Trustees

Association, Hamilton, 23 Jun.

M aking learning fractionally better. ConferenceOpening Address, Australian Bridging M athematics

Conference, Auckland, 4 Jul.

Principlesfor first-time principals. Conference Closing

Address, First Time PrincipalsConference, University of

Auckland Principals Centre, KingsInstitute, Auckland,11 Jul.

The call to teach. Auckland College of Education Mid-

Year Graduation Address, Auckland G irls G rammar

School, Auckland, 25 Jul.

Assessment in secondary schools:whatsthe score?

Public Lecture, University of Auckland Continuing

Education,Auckland, 31 Jul.

Leading questions: determining the nature of

educational leadership. Closing Address, Central D istricts

AP/D P Boutique Conference, N ew Plymouth, 2 Aug.

Principlesfor managing transformation. Conference

addresspresented to the Seventh D ay Adventist

N ational Conference, Palmerston N orth, 22 Sep.

Seven deadly signs: principlesfor educational

leadership. Conference addresspresented to the

Seventh Day Adventist N ational Conference, Palmerston

N orth, 22 Sep.

Rummel,L.N ursing and Health Studies, (2002)

Safeguarding the practicesof nursing: the meaning of

being-aspreceptor to undergraduate student nursesin

an acute care setting. Addressto A uckland Health C are,

Auckland Hospital.

The Meaning of being-aspreceptor to undergraduate

student nursesin an acute care setting, an Heideggerian

Hermeneutic approach. Addressat the New Zealand

College of Education, Epsom,Auckland, 15 O ct.

Turner,L.M anukau BusinessSchool, (2002) A re you

successful? Presented to the Institute of C hartered

Accountantsof N ew Zealand WomensA ccountant

A uckland Group, 27 Jun.

Being a professional. Presented to the Auckland

C ity C ouncil Finance and BusinessServicesSection,

A uckland, 29 A ug.

VISITING SCHOLAR

Dr Johanita Strumpher,Professor of Nursing,Department of Nursing Science,University of Port

Elizabeth,South Africa (with Dr Willem Fourie and


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Sharon Rydon,MIT) An exploration of the care and

servicesprovided to community based severely and

persistently mentally ill patientsand their families in

N ew Z ealand. Research initiative between the

University of Port Elizabeth and D epartment of D ept

of N ursing and Health Studies, M IT, Jun D ec.

SCHOLARSHIPS

Anderson,H. Advisor: Bridging Education, (2002)

$15,000 M inistry of WomensA ffairsPostdoctoral

Research Scholarship:Bridging education for women:

what liesahead? .

Olney,L. BusinessServices, (2002) $13,000 Massey

University M asterate Scholarship for Research.

ARTWORKS

SOLO EXHIBITIONS

Crowe,D. (2002) Sett,Vavasour/Godkin G allery,

Auckland, Sep.

Cullen,P. (2002) Diagrams, Jane SandersG allery, 40

G eorge St, Auckland, Sep.

Practical Knowledge, A uckland C ity G allery, A uckland,

Jan-M ay.

Pencil Installat ions, East C ape Lighthouse N Z, C ape

Reinga N Z, Kassel G ermany, Courance France,

Amsterdam The Netherlands, A udley End UK.

Fletcher,G. (2002) King of the Wood, Brooke G ifford

G allery, Christchurch, 30 Apr - 25 M ay.

Lovett,S. (2002) Echo Chamber, D owse M useum,

Wellington, Feb.

McLellan,E. (2002) New Work,The Lane G allery,

Auckland, 28 May - 15 Jun.

Shelton,A.Break, G ovett Brewster G allery, N ew

Plymouth, D ec.

Erewhon, Ramp G allery,W IN TEC, Hamilton, N ov.

Stevenson,L. (2002) Slide, Compact Gallery,Auckland, M ay.

Return Fare, Room 401 Gallery, A uckland, A pr.

Szirmay,M. (2002) Solitaire, M cPherson Gallery,

Auckland, Apr.

GROUP EXHIBITIONS

Ball,M. (2002) James Wallace Art Award, Exhibition of

finalists work, M assey University, Wellington, O ct.

James Wallace Art Award, A uckland M useum,

A uckland, Sep.

The Scale of Things, Exhibition of small objectsand

large paintingscurated by Gerald Barnett, M ahara

G allery, Waikanae, M ay-Jun.

Portrait Biennale, N ational Portrait G allery,

Wellington, Feb-A pr.

That 70s Show, Exhibition from the collection,

curated by A lan Smith,Auckland C ity A rt G allery,

A uckland, Jan-M ar.

Crowe,D. (2002) Oceania Launch, M okum Textiles,

A uckland, Jul.

Group Show,Vavasour/G odkin G allery, A uckland, M ay.

Lush, Platform, M elbourne, Australia, A pr.

Screens,Vavasour/G odkin G allery, A uckland, M ar.

Cullen,P. (2002) Tidal (K), Beecroft Garden Exhibition

of N Z Sculpture, A uckland, O ct.

Observatory, Sculpture,Wallace Art Awards,

A uckland M useum and M assey University, A uckland and

Wellington, Sep-N ov.

Observatory Garden, Sculpture,Waikato Art Awards,

Waikato Museum of Art and H istory, Hamilton, Sep.

Drawing, Lopdell G allery, A uckland, M ar.

Douglas-Cooke,B. (2002) 100x100, M cPherson

G allery, A uckland, N ov.

Paintings, M cPherson Gallery, Auckland, 20 M ar - 6 Apr.

Fletcher,G. (2002) Group Show, A nna Bibby G allery,

A uckland, 25 A ug -14 Sep.

Botanica, GusFisher Gallery,Auckland, 13 Jul - 31 Aug.

Sea Knowing and Island Looking, Auckland C ity Art

G allery, A uckland, Jul - Jan.

King of the Wood, Brooke G ifford Gallery,

C hristchurch, 30 A pr - 25 M ay.

Just Black and White, Sarjeant G allery,Wanganui,

13 O ct 2001 27 Jan 2002.


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Glass,D. (2002) Urban Projections, Lopdell House

G allery, A uckland, M ar.

Fringe of Heaven, Lopdell House Gallery, Auckland, Jan.

Hansen,F. (2002) Goldwater Art Prize,Waiheke

C ommunity Art G allery, A uckland, O ct.

Wallace Arts Awards, Finalist, A uckland,A ug.

Con/Quest, AccessArt G allery,Vancouver,Canada, Jun.

Lush, Platform, M elbourne, Australia, M ar.

Ingram,S. (2002) Group Show,Vavasour G odkin G allery,

A uckland, N ov.

Images of Desire,W inston Hotel, Holland, Jul.

Simon Ingram, Scotts Church, Sydney, Jun.

Screens,Vavasour G odkin G allery, A uckland, M ar.

Lovett,S. (2002) The Press Gang, M ahara Gallery,

Waikanai, Sep.

Boganville, O ne Eye G allery, Paekakariki , A ug.

The Press Gang,The Sarjeant G allery,Wanganui, Jun and

Aug.

Con-Quest, International M ail A rt, Vancouver, Canada,

M ay.

D-Tour, A SA G allery, Auckland, M ar.

McLellan,E.(2002) M obile Art G allery, Epsom,

A uckland, 25 A ug-15 Sep.

Wallace Arts Awards,Wallace Trust G allery, A uckland,

25 Aug.

Young Irish NZ Artists,Aotea Centre,A uckland, 14-18 Mar.

Riley,B. (2002) Screen Show,Vavasour G odkin Gallery,

Auckland,Apr.

Video Projection Project, H igh Street,A uckland, Feb.

The Contingency of Vision, te tuhi - the mark, Auckland,

Jan.

3 Auckland Painters, Campbell Grant Gallery, Christchurch,

Jan.

Group Showing, G 2 G allery, A uckland, Jan.

Shelton,A. (2002) Dogwood, M orrisand Helen Belkin

A rt G allery,Vancouver, C anada, Sep.

Waikato Art Award, finalist, Hamilton, Sep.

Slow Release, Heide M useum of M odern A rt,

M elbourne,A ustralia,A ug.

Suite, Belkin Satellite Art G allery,Vancouver, Canada, Jan.

Stevenson,L. (2002) Nancy, Lopdell H ouse, A uckland,

Jun-Jul.

FOR, A SA G allery, Auckland, M ar.

Waikato Summer Art Awards, finalist, A rts Post

G allery, Hamilton, Jan-Feb.

Szirmay,M. (2002) 100x100, M cPherson Gallery,

A uckland, D ec.

Pacific Rim, Te Pae O Te Moananui a Kiwa, Brook

G ifford G allery, Christchurch, D ec.

Garden Exhibition of NZ Sculpture, Auckland, O ct.

F.I.D.E.M. Internat ional Medals, Paris, Sep.

Pacific Rim Te Pae O Te Moananui a Kiwa, Simmons

G allery, London, UK, A pr-M ay.

2 2

RESEARCHOUTPUTSAND

SCHOLARYACTIVITIES

Deborah Crowe, detail from Sett #5,

2002. Photo: J ohn Collie

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Artists Choice, M t Eden G allery, Auckland, M ar-A pr.

Tune,G. (2002) Recent Work with Rebecca Tune,

M onterey Gallery, Auckland, Jun.

Con/Quest,AccessA rtistsC entre,Vancouver, Canada, Jun.

CURATORIAL PROJECTS

Ingram,S. (2002) A Big Word ACE, Rose N olan,BLO CKLA N D, A uckland, O ct.

Riley,B. (2002) Lush (Exhibition of NZ A rtists) ,

Curatorial Project M elbourne,Vancouver,A pr-M ay.

Compact, H igh St,Auckland, O ngoing.

Multisite Project, A uckland.

COMMISSIONS

McLellan,E.(2002) Work created for TV1 seriesSpin

D octors .

CATALOGUES

Cooke,B. (2002) Self Portrait asa Young Painter.

Zarahn Southon, te tuhi the mark, Auckland.

True LiesA bout Frieda Brierley and Ailie Snow.

Frieda Brierley and Ailie Snow, N orthart C ommunity

Arts Centre, N orth Shore C ity.

Hansen,F. (2002) Lush. Forward by B Ri ley.

Kirby,M. (2002) Blue Circles. Campbelltown Regional

Art G allery, Sydney, A ustralia.

Lovett,S. Echo C hamber. Self Published, Auckland,

2001/2002.

San Juan Bienale. Exhibition C atalogue,Auckland,

2001/2002.

Porter,G. (2002) A Swim in D ye, in Blue Circles

C ampbelltown Regional Art G allery, Sydney, A ustralia.

Riley,B. (2002) Lush: Catalogue for Touring Show.

The Contingency of Vision. Suter G allery, N elson.

Stevenson,L. (2002) N ancy. Exhibition at Lopdell

House, A uckland, Jun-Jul.

EXHIBITION REVIEWS

Ball,M. (2002) Wallace Ar t Award. Hamish Keith,

Sunday Star Times, 15 Sep.

Douglas-Cooke,B. (2002) A rts on M onday.

T.J.M cN amara, NZ Herald, 25 M ar.

Fletcher,G. (2002) Landfall204, N ov.

Art New Zealand, Spring, p48.

The Press, 8 May, p34.

Ingram,S. (2002) Marco Fusitanos Kinasthetic

Monochromes, G usFisher G allery,The University of

Auckland exhibition catalogue, O ct-D ec.

Jan Van der Pleg at Michael Lett s Residence,Livesof

the Artists, Sydney, 2,W inter.

Jim Speers at Jensen Gallery, Illusions, Ed:Lawrence

M cD onald, 34,W inter.

Maddie Leach at the Waikato Museum,Haiku

Review, Sydney, Jul.

23

Ann Shelton, detail from

Laudanum, Minnie Deans

Unmarked Grave, Winton

Cemetery, Southland 2001

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McLellan,E. (2002) Arts and Minds What the Critics Say,

T.J.M cN amara, N Z H erald, 10 Jun.

Szirmay,M. (2002) What the Critics Say Solitaire,

T.J.M cN amara, N Z Herald, 15 Apr.

OTHER PUBLICATIONS

Cullen,P. (2002) Included in New Zealand Sculpture, Ed:

M ichael Dunn,Auckland University Press.

Hansen,F. (2002) Sitting Pretty. Kate Stead, M arie Claire

M agazine, M ay, pp 210-215.

A rtist Page. Remix Magazine, Sep.

Kirby,M. (2002) D eborah Crowe:Sett. Art School Press.

Riley,B. (2002) A rts Editor, Remix M agazine, A uckland.

GRANT

Fletcher,G. (2002) Pollock-Krasner Foundation G rant.

N ew York, USA , Jan.

ARTIST TALK

Crowe,D.(2002) W hitecliff College of A rt and D esign,

Auckland, Jan

Eden Arts, Auckland, Feb.

Tuahine Club, Hamilton, M ay.

CuratorsTalk. 4th New Zealand Jewellery Biennale,D unedin Public A rt G allery, D unedin, Jul.

Porter,G. (2002) 1,000 Senryu. Performed body of

poetry at the Moving Image Centre.

Slide talk and workshop,Real Live Artist. te tuhi

the markG allery, Auckland, M ar.

Szirmay,M. (2002) O tago Polytechnic School of A rt,

D unedin, M FA Post G raduate programme visiting artist

series, Sep.

OTHER RESEARCH

Cullen,P. (2002) Research into Contemporary A rt at

major international exhibitionsin Germany (D ocumenta

and M anifesta) and associated exhibitionsin G ermany,

The N etherlandsand London.

Curtis,M. (2002) O ngoing research concerned with

the issuesaround the setting up of a public non-

commercial exhibition space for craft and design.

Lovett,S. (2002) D igital printing in termsof student

learning within the context of traditional

printmaking/print media developments. D ialogueswith

curators at the Brooklyn Museum of Art.

Szirmay,M.(with Kirby,M.) (2002) University of Sydney,

Sydney College of the Arts, to gather information re

undergraduate and post graduate programme structures,

14 Apr.

SCHOLARLY ACTIVITIES

Cullen,P. (2002) Board Member, Artspace, A uckland,

(2002)

Porter,G. (2002) Editor, Log Illustrated, Issues10-15,

2000-2002

Board Member, Cuckoo, Itinerant contemporary art

exhibition group.


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M ark K irby of the School of Visual Arts, wasinvited to

curate an exhibition of Julian Dashperswork for

Campbelltown Bicentennial Regional Art G allery, in

N ew South Wales in N ovember, 2002.

D ashper, who livesin A uckland, is arguably N ew

Zealandsmost well known international artist. Born inA uckland in 1960, he hasshown regularly since 1980

throughout N ew Z ealand, A ustralia, Europe and most

recently America. H is work isheld in major collections

such asthe Museum of Contemporary A rt in Sydney

and the Stedelijk M useum in Amsterdam, aswell all the

main collections in N ew Zealand.

In 2001 D ashper wasawarded a senior Fullbright

scholarship to work asartist in residence at D onald

JuddsC hinati Foundation in M arfa,Texas; and in 2003

he will be the Sydney A rtspace artist in residence.

D ashperswork sits stylistically between C onceptual

A rt and M inimalism. It regularly refers to art history

(both international and national) , particularly the

language and history of abstraction and its relationship

to current culture. T he place of art and the artist in

relation to contemporary art institutions, and arts

relationship to the music industry and other cultural

genresare also common themes. Hence, D ashpers

work frequently containseither music or visual

referencesto music, asin hisD rum H ead seriesfrom

the 1990s. A t timeshe hasmixed these referenceswith

connections to sport, asin the work Untitled:The

Warriors (1998). T hiswasfirst exhibited in Sydney, and

explores the sibling rivalry between Australia and New

Zealand. It will be re-exhibited at te tuhi - the mark,

Pakuranga, early next year, aspart of another solo

exhibition by the artist.

D ashperssolo exhibition at Campbelltown explored

these themes, where he exhibited a limited edition 12

clear vinyl recording made in front of Jackson Pollocks

` Blue Poles in January of thisyear, 50 yearsafter

Pollocks infamouspainting wascompleted. D ashper

also exhibited one of his well known C V works,

presented down the entire length of one of the gallery

walls.To further accompany these works there wasan

extensive DVD interview with D ashper of more than

four hours, where D ashper answered questionsput to

him about hisrecent practice. A common issue

throughout thisexhibition wasreputation, or rather

how the mythical clamour around an artist will

frequently take over how their work isconsidered.

T he show is being toured to te tuhi - the markand

Wellington C ity A rt G allery in 2003.

Blue Circles.

PU BLI SH ED BY : Manukau Institute of Technology. C O M PILAT IO N : Lana Ashley, Secretary Research and Ethics Committee

D ESIG N : Nicola Dawson, Marketing Services Department. PHO TO GRAPHY : Rob McEldowney (unless indicated). PRIN T: AMPM Print management

For further information regarding research or for additional copies of this report, please contact Lana Ashley; phone (09) 968 8059, email:

[email protected]. M A IL IN G A D D RESS: Manukau Institute of Technology, Private Bag 94006, Manukau City, Auckland

2002 research

Documents