2009 big game statistics contents - odfw home page · some brief answers with respect to big game....

Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife

Oregon Departmentof Fish and Wildlife3406 Cherry Ave NE

Salem, OR 97303

www.dfw.state.or.us

2009Big Game Statistics

cont

ents

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IntroductionHow to use this information 2Setting regulations 3How the information is collected 4How the management system works 5Making your points work for you 6

ResourcesGlossary of terms 8Agency Information 9

DeerBlack-tailed deer

White-tailed deer

Mule deer

ElkRoosevelt elk

Rocky mountain elk

Pronghorn

Bear

Cougar

Bighorn Sheep

Rocky Mountain Goat

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Big Game Statistics: Introduction

2

How to use this information

This publication contains big game biological data and harvest survey information,

as well as species descriptions. It also offers an explanation of ODFW’s management

system, including how tags are allocated and how the preference point system works.

No matter where you hunt, what weapon you use, or which species you like to

pursue, this guide can improve your hunt.

You can use this information in several ways to make your hunting trips more

enjoyable. It can help you identify units or areas where you will fi nd the hunting

conditions that interest you most. For example, if your main goal is to hunt buck

mule deer without seeing many other hunters, then you might look for units with

relatively low hunter numbers. On the other hand, if harvesting a buck every year is

very important to you, then areas with high fawn recruitment and relatively low buck

ratio management objectives may be for you. Hunter success rates over time can

provide important clues to what you might expect. It is important to recognize that

every choice has trade-offs. In the fi rst example, low hunter numbers usually mean

that drawing a tag will be diffi cult, and you may have to wait a few years between

tags. In the second example, highly productive areas are often managed for maximum

opportunity; hunters are more likely to see other hunters and may feel crowded.

You may just want to review the information for your favorite unit or area to see

how variables have changed over time, how the population is tracking, or how

other hunters are doing. With a little bit of work, you should be able to pick out

relationships between hunter numbers and success rates, or track how harvest levels

coincide with previous year population data.

Keep in mind that biological values are simply best estimates. They are infl uenced

by year-to-year differences (e.g., weather and animal movements, survey effort, and

different survey techniques). For big game, harvest information covers the previous

hunting season and includes data from general seasons and controlled hunts for all

weapon types. General rifl e season results and controlled hunts appear together and

archery season statistics are in separate tables.

Using this information wisely can help you in the future. Good luck and good hunting!


Salem, OR 97303

www.dfw.state.or.us

Intr

oduc

tion



3

Setting Regulations

The mission of ODFW is to protect and enhance

Oregon’s fi sh and wildlife populations and their

habitats for use and enjoyment by present and

future generations. For game mammals that means

determining 1) how many animals a particular land

base can support, 2) what appropriate sex and age

ratios should be in healthy populations, 3) how many

deaths and births occur during the year, and (4) the

number of animals that can be removed from the

population by hunting. These variables constitute

the biological side of wildlife management and even

though there are questions along the way, reasonable

estimates can be made without much trouble. The

most diffi cult part of the process is the human side:

determining how, when, and where harvest should

occur and who can hunt.

For some species, including many upland game

birds, the answers are easier because of an ample

supply of birds, and low hunter participation relative

to the resource. Weather plays the most important

role in short-term population trends in those

species in any case. However, the determination

for other species such as big game mammals, sage

grouse, and waterfowl requires much more effort

because numbers or distribution are more restricted,

or because hunting can more directly regulate

populations. The end result is more restriction on

hunters’ ability to harvest these species.

Plain and simple: hunting regulations are in place to

prevent overharvest. Without them, we would not

be able to maintain viable populations for the future.

The trick is to make regulations as fair as possible for

everyone who wants to participate. Keep in mind

an underlying principle: the more challenging the

hunting situation, the more opportunity that can be

offered. More opportunity can be offered to hunters

who hunt under more challenging conditions such as

with archery equipment, in drier weather, or outside

of the period of the rut. Most often, centerfi re rifl e

hunters far outnumber other weapon users and are

the driving factor in overall harvest.



4

How the Information is Collected

“What do biologists do with their time?” “How do you come up with all these statistics?” These are common questions asked of ODFW. Some of the answers are quite complex, but the following gives some brief answers with respect to big game. There are many steps to creating recommendations for hunting seasons and it’s a continuous process.

Let’s start with the animals themselves. Biological data generally drives the system, and births and deaths generally govern population dynamics. At the simplest level, populations change when births and deaths are not equal. If a stable population is the objective, we should harvest the number of animals born each year minus deaths from other sources.

Biological surveys for big game differ among species and regions of the state. In most areas, two surveys are conducted for deer. The fi rst takes place in the fall, shortly after hunting season. The goal is to estimate buck ratios and autumn fawn ratios. Many of these surveys are done from ground vehicles or on foot. The second deer survey occurs in late winter when biologists estimate fawn ratios to determine over-winter survival. In some areas, biologists also count total deer along established routes as an index to population size. For mule deer, much of this data is collected from helicopters, but other methods may be used when they are more effi cient. Spotlight counts from ground vehicles have been the standard for black-tailed deer for some time.

As technology and methods improve, the department has employed different methods to estimate deer populations for some units. Techniques range from computer models that utilize biological data such as fawn ratios, buck ratios, harvest, and weather severity, to specialized helicopter surveys that correct for differences in animal visibility (habitat types and weather conditions).

Because bull elk don’t shed antlers until late winter, biologists can conduct one survey for elk in late winter to estimate bull ratios, calf ratios, and population trends. Helicopters or fi xed wing aircraft are the main tools for conducting elk surveys. Standardized aerial surveys are also conducted for pronghorn and bighorn sheep. Pronghorn population trend surveys occur in winter and herd composition fl ights are generally conducted in late summer. Helicopter surveys to estimate bighorn sheep ram ratios and lamb survival are conducted in March. Ground observation of Oregon’s small herds of mountain goats takes place in August.

Hunters themselves play a key role in the management process. In recent years, harvest surveys have been conducted by telephone after hunting seasons end. The number of people called was determined by the number of hunters for a particular hunt or season and considers past hunter success rates. Much like exit polls on Election Day, we can often estimate average days hunted, success rates, and total harvest by contacting a relatively small number of hunters. For example, we can estimate bull elk harvest in the General Cascade rifl e season with about 80 percent confi dence by contacting only about 10 percent of the hunters. At that rate, a hunter would be contacted only once every 10 years or so; that’s why most people do not receive a call each year. For fall 2008 - winter 2009 hunts, not all hunts were surveyed.

Mandatory Reporting of Harvest and Effort: The department has converted from the telephone surveys to a new hunter reporting system. Hunters are required to complete a survey for all big game tags (except for Bighorn Sheep and Rocky Mtn. Goat) and turkey tags they purchase. It is recommended hunters report within 15 days of the end of the season or hunt. The new system was functional for the 2009



5

How the Management System Works

Once local biologists have data for the past year in

hand, they make projections of what the population

will do and how many animals of each sex and age

class can be harvested. In some areas dominated

by private land, major landowners are contacted

to gauge their ability to provide hunter access

and desires for wildlife numbers. This information

translates into tag recommendations for the

upcoming seasons. Tag recommendations are

formulated in late winter and early spring and draft

proposals are available in late April each year. At the

same time, biologists make proposals for the dates,

bag limits, and hunt boundaries for all hunts that

will occur the following year. Proposals are made

public through several avenues. Traditionally, wildlife

district offi ces hold open houses or public meetings to

discuss proposals during May, but attendance is often

very low. Biologists also attend meetings of sports

groups and landowners, provide information to the

media, send information directly to constituents, and

make information available at ODFW offi ces. Anyone

can contact their local offi ce and request a packet of

information on upcoming proposals. Information is

also placed on the department Web site (www.dfw.

state.or.us).

Another avenue for comment is Oregon Fish and

Wildlife Commission (OFWC) public hearings. You

can write down your thoughts and send them to the

department, and correspondence is incorporated as

public testimony in the written packet provided to the

Commission, or you can appear in person and provide

testimony.

Big Game Regulations are considered twice a year,

in early June and October. At the June hearing, the

Commission adopts big game tag numbers for the

upcoming season so the controlled hunt draw can

be held. Commissioners also hear proposals and give

preliminary approval for the following year’s season

dates and bag limits; the regulations are formally

adopted at the October hearing. Between the June

and October hearings, department staff prepares the

annual Big Game Regulations book so that it can be

printed and available in early winter.

hunting season; however, surveys were completed for only about 15 percent of tags purchased. Until hunter compliance increases it will be necessary to continue telephone surveys. Incentives and penalties are being considered to encourage hunters to complete surveys. There are two methods hunters can use to report.

1) Reporting via the internet at www.dfw.state.or.us/resources/hunting/reporting/index.asp, or

2) Calling a toll-free telephone number, 1-866-947- ODFW (6339)

Information from hunters who did not hunt or did not harvest an animal is as important as from those who did take an animal. Please report even if you received a comparison telephone survey call for the hunt.



6

Making Your Points Work for You

Oregon has a modifi ed preference point system for big game hunting. That means 75 percent of tags are awarded to people with the most preference points; the remaining 25 percent are then awarded randomly to fi rst choice applicants regardless of preference points. The only time second choices are fi lled is when all fi rst choice applicants have received tags (or if your fi rst choice hunt is canceled...then your second choice is treated like a fi rst choice, including loss of preference points). In other words, you will not draw a tag by second choice unless the chance of drawing for fi rst choice applicants is 100 perecent (or second or lower choice if your fi rst choice is cancelled).

Every time you do not draw your fi rst choice hunt for buck deer (100 series), elk (200 series), pronghorn (400 series), antlerless deer (600 series), or spring bear (700 series), you get a preference point for that series. The preference point is good for any hunt in that same series. You can only lose your preference points by drawing your fi rst choice hunt. Your point total goes to zero and you start over accumulating points. If you draw a second, third, fourth, or fi fth hunt choice, you still gain a preference point (unless it is replacing a cancelled fi rst choice hunt).

ODFW gets plenty of questions about preference points each year. Some people think the system doesn’t work because they did not draw a tag. Several things can happen that affect a hunter’s chance of drawing a tag. Here are some of the most common:

▪ The point average for the whole party is lower than your points as an individual. The truth is that including a person with fewer points in your party may hurt your chances. Why? Because the points for all members are averaged and rounded down from 0.5, or up from 0.51. Example: the Johnson elk party has

three members from last year and they all have two points for the 2001 draw. The party is thinking about adding one new member, but the person does not have any points for elk. The average points for the party will drop from 2.0 down to 1.5! Therefore, the new party will only have one point for the drawing and the chances of drawing may be lower.

▪ Your points are spread among different ID numbers. This is probably the biggest problem and can happen if you don’t use the same ID number every year. One way to help ensure that you keep your points together is to show your previous year’s license to the agent when you apply. Keeping all your past application receipts will help tremendously in clearing up problems if there is ever a question about your points.

You can check your preference points on-line at www.dfw.state.or.us, or call the Controlled Hunts section at 503-947-6101 or 1-800-708-1782. Preference points are updated annually the beginning of the year.

▪ The party includes a nonresident. There is a fi ve percent maximum cap on nonresident controlled deer and elk tags (by hunt) and a three percent cap for pronghorn and black bear. Because ODFW does not split parties, once the cap is reached, no party with a nonresident will draw tags. The cap is not reached in all hunts, but this factor can affect your draw success in some units.

▪ Party size can work against you, particularly in small hunts. Parties will not be split up. As the tag selection process nears the quota for a particular hunt, the computer will “reject”



7

any party that would result in exceeding the quota. For example, if 95 tags have already been assigned for a hunt with a 100-tag quota and the leader of a party of six is next in line, that party will be passed over. The computer will search until it fi nds a party of fi ve or fewer to fi ll the quota. The same procedure occurs when allocating tags based on preference points because there are actually two quotas: one for the 75 percent of tags for preference point holders and a second for the remainder of the tags.

▪ Maybe you didn’t apply one year, or drew a tag a few years ago about which you have forgotten. Perhaps one of your hunting partners neglected to fi le your application or you didn’t get “partied up” correctly. All of these are common examples of what ODFW sometimes fi nds when we investigate questions about someone’s preference point status.

Of course, this is a drawing, and luck does play a role. If you apply only for very diffi cult-to-draw hunts, you may not draw very often!

Some Examples Of Other Application StrategiesThere are two other strategies that can make your points work for you. The fi rst is to not use your points unnecessarily. Statistics show that some hunters lose points by applying for “easy to draw” hunts for their fi rst choice. Unless a “sure draw” unit is the only place you plan to hunt, you can accumulate points

if you make that hunt your second choice - as long as the hunt is still undersubscribed after all hunt choices have been fi lled. But, there is a risk. You may not draw your second or third choice if many other people are using the same strategy. Another strategy is to simply keep building points even if you don’t plan to hunt one year or if you plan to hunt a general season. You can apply normally and use the “Point Saver” number for that series. This number ends in “99” for each series (e.g., buck deer point saver is 199) and adds one preference point to your total without “risk” of drawing a tag you won’t be able to use. No other hunt choices are considered if you use a Point Saver number.

▪ Overall, the preference point system for deer and elk seems to be working well, but it does require hunters to pay more attention to the system and do some planning if they want to hunt during controlled seasons. Remember, we would prefer to allow all hunters to go where they want to hunt each year. Restrictions are necessary because past general season hunting strategies have led to low buck and bull ratios, hunter crowding, poor success rates, hunter dissatisfaction, and similar problems. The bottom line is that many deer and elk hunts were drawn with two or fewer preference

points in 2008.


Big Game Statistics: Resources

8

Glossary of Terms

benchmark: A value for population levels, trend counts, sex ratios, or age ratios used

to gauge how well a population is performing. For example, the benchmark for black-

tailed deer buck ratios in several management units is 20.

buck ratio (or bull or ram): The number of males per 100 females. Example: a biolo-

gist observes 39 bucks and 239 does in November; therefore the buck ratio is 39/239 =

16.3, which would be rounded to 16 bucks per 100 does. Data on the antler point class

or size of males is also collected.

composition count: Counts conducted to estimate sex and age ratios for a given spe-

cies.

fawn ratio (or calf or lamb): The number of young per 100 females. Example: a

biologist observes 168 fawns and 200 does in December; therefore the fawn ratio is

168/200 = 84 per 100 does.

fawn survival: The proportion of fawns (or calves or lambs) that live through their

fi rst winter. Fawn ratios are measured more than once to estimate survival over a time

period. Example: counts in December show 84 fawns per 100 does. March counts indi-

cate 37 fawns per 100 adults. The count is adjusted to account for the bucks; yielding a

spring fawn ratio of 42 per 100 does (or 50 percent survival).

management objective (MO): For mule deer and elk, MOs have been formally

adopted by the Commission establishing objectives for bucks/100 does for mule deer,

bulls/100 cows for elk, and population size for each Wildlife Management Unit or area.

recruitment: The number of young that survive to breeding age. For practical pur-

poses, recruitment is usually measured as the number of young that survive their fi rst

winter (e.g., spring fawn ratio).

trend count: Counts conducted to estimate the population or trend in population size.

Usually conducted along a fi xed route each year. Most counts occur near the end of

winter, thereby estimating population at the lowest point (before spring births).


Salem, OR 97303

www.dfw.state.or.us

Reso

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Big Game Statistics: Resources

9

Agency Information

ODFW’s mission is to protect and enhance Oregon’s fi sh and wildlife and their habitats for use and enjoyment

by present and future generations.

Regional Offi ces

ODFW Headquarters

3406 Cherry Ave NE

Salem, OR 97303

(503) 947-6000

(800) 720-ODFW

High Desert Region

61374 Parrell Road

Bend, OR 97702

(541) 388-6363 (Bend)

(541) 573-6582 (Hines)

Northeast Region

107 - 20th Street

LaGrande, OR 97850

(541) 963-2138

Northwest Region

17330 S.E. Evelyn Street

Clackamas, OR 97015

(971) 673-6000

Southwest Region

4192 N. Umpqua Highway

Roseburg, OR 97470

(541) 440-3353

Visit us on the Web at

www.dfw.state.or.us


Big Game Statistics: Deer

10

DEER: Table of Contents

OverviewLife history ....................................................................................................... 12Chronic wasting disease (CWD) ....................................................................... 12

Black-tailed DeerOverview .......................................................................................................... 13Distribution ....................................................................................................... 13Management .................................................................................................... 13Deer hair loss syndrome (DHLS) ......................................................................... 14

White-tailed DeerOverview .......................................................................................................... 15Distribution ....................................................................................................... 15Management .................................................................................................... 15Deer hair loss syndrome (DHLS) ........................................................................ 15

Mule DeerOverview .......................................................................................................... 16Distribution ....................................................................................................... 16Management ..................................................................................................... 16Adenovirus (AHD) ............................................................................................. 17



11

2009 Statistical Reports

Black-tailed deer herd composition report .......................................................... 18Black-tailed deer spring fawn survival report ...................................................... 19Black-tailed deer population trends report ......................................................... 20

Mule deer herd composition report ................................................................... 21Mule deer spring fawn survival report ............................................................... 23Mule deer population trends report .................................................................. 25

Western Oregon deer archery seasons .............................................................. 27Western Oregon deer rifl e seasons .................................................................... 29Western Oregon black-tailed deer 100M1 harvest ............................................ 34Western Oregon deer harvest by hunters with disabilities (all weapons) ............. 35Western Oregon deer season archery and rifl e harvest ...................................... 36

Eastern Oregon deer archery seasons ................................................................ 37Eastern Oregon deer rifl e seasons ...................................................................... 39

White-tailed deer buck season .......................................................................... 45White-tailed deer either sex and antlerless seasons.............................................. 45

Eastern Oregon deer harvest by hunters with disabilities (all weapons) .............. 46Eastern Oregon deer season: total archery and rifl e harvest ............................... 48

Deer hunting trends .......................................................................................... 50



12

Overview

Life History

The basic life histories of Oregon’s deer species (Columbian black-tailed deer,

Columbian and Northwest (Idaho) white-tailed deer, and mule deer) are all very similar.

The rut, or breeding season, extends from late October through early December. Fawns

are born about seven months later, usually in late May through mid-June. Adult does

typically produce twins each year in good habitat. Fawns are spotted with white; the

spotted pelage usually is molted by September. Fawns are left alone for long periods

during the early weeks of life to avoid drawing the attention of predators. Fawn survival

to breeding age largely determines the growth or decline of deer populations. Major

factors contributing to mortality include nutrition, weather, habitat quality, predation,

and accidents, among others. Females typically live longer than bucks even in unhunted

populations. Does can live to 15 years or more; bucks seldom live more than nine years.

Male mortality rates are higher because of stress and fi ghting during the rut, and, of

course, hunting. Competition with other males to breed expends high levels of energy

that results in loss of body fat, so bucks enter winter in poorer condition than does.

Deer both graze and browse. Forbs and browse (stems and leaves of woody plants) are

favored forage during the growing season. Grasses are consumed during some seasons.

In many areas, the availability of forage is strongly associated with logging or fi re, which

create favorable forage conditions.

Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD)

Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) is a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE)

affecting members of the deer family. CWD has not been detected in any Oregon

samples obtained since testing began in 1996. However, because a large number of

samples is required to statistically know whether CWD is present or absent in wild

populations, the department continues to test for CWD from hunter harvested deer

and elk. Field staff also opportunistically sample animals dying from other causes such

as road kill. Since 2002, the department has attempted to collect a minimum 1,000

samples each year from deer and elk distributed throughout the state. Regulations are

in place to help prevent CWD from being brought to Oregon from animals harvested in

CWD states (see regulations).


Salem, OR 97303

www.dfw.state.or.us

Dee

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13

Black-tailed Deer

Columbian black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus

columbianus) make their home in the timber and

heavy brush of western Oregon. The population level

is largely dependent on habitat quality and quantity.

In western Oregon black-tailed deer are typically

found in brushy areas at the edges of forests and

chaparral thickets, not in dense forests. Recently

disturbed habitats such as clearcuts or burns, with

their characteristic grasses, forbs, and shrubs, are

conducive to healthy deer populations.

Blacktails are usually smaller and darker than mule

deer. The most distinguishing feature is the tail.

Although not as long or wide as that of the whitetail,

it is much larger than that of the mule deer. The

underside of the tail is covered with white hair while

the top portion is black or brownish. Antler points of

the bucks usually branch in pairs and the brow tine or

eye guard is of medium length, if present.

Distribution

Columbian black-tailed deer primarily inhabit that

portion of the state west of the Cascade summit.

These deer are frequently found in groups led by an

older female. They concentrate their daily activities

around dawn and dusk. The home range of non-

migratory deer may be less than 100 acres, but can

be as large as 600 acres in less favorable habitat.

Most blacktails that summer in the high Cascades

winter at lower elevations on the west slope. Some

wintering occurs east of the Cascade crest, especially

in the Mt. Hood, Metolius, and Klamath Lake areas.

Both the larger bucks and highest deer populations

are found in burned and logged areas where food

supplies are abundant. Areas that provide openings

next to older stands of trees make food and cover

easily accessible to deer.

Management

Winter loss of black-tailed deer is generally far less

than for mule deer. Typically, snow does not remain

on the valley fl oors for extended periods, nor does

it form a crust on the surface as can happen on the

east side of the Cascades. If winter losses do occur,

herds can recover and increase quickly where forage

is abundant. Generally, hunting has less effect on

black-tail populations than on mule deer due to the

dense vegetation that provides excellent hiding and

escape cover.

Deer damage to forest plantations and agriculture

crops adjacent to timbered areas can require hunts

to reduce localized or unit-wide populations. Travel

management areas partially funded by ODFW on

private timberlands are helping to keep some areas

open to public hunting by providing road closures

and law enforcement.

Annual inventory consists of driving specifi c measured

routes, shining spotlights into timber and clearcut

units, and counting and classifying deer. These

routes provide a measure of trends over time. Routes

must be altered periodically as clearcuts mature and

others are created nearby. Buck and fawn ratios are

recorded to provide information on buck escapement

and fawn recruitment. The department began

working on the Black-tailed Deer Management Plan

in 2005 and it was approved in 2008. The emphasis

of this plan is on estimating black-tailed numbers,

managing habitat and identifying future data needs.



14

Deer Hair Loss Syndrome (DHLS)

Deer Hair Loss Syndrome (DHLS) is a condition

affecting both black-tailed and Columbian white-

tailed deer. First described in Western Washington

in 1996, DHLS has now moved southward through

western Oregon to northern California. The condition

produces hair discoloration, hair loss, weight loss,

diarrhea, and lethargy. The syndrome can ultimately

result in the death of some animals, primarily from

exposure. Deer with DHLS have abnormally heavy

infestations of lice, which have been identifi ed as

an exotic species. Fawns are impacted more than

adults resulting in poor recruitment and low survival

in some areas. Surveys using standardized methods

are conducted in the spring to assess the prevalence

of DHLS. DHLS prevalence varies considerably by

management unit but the proportion of deer with

DHLS appears highest in the Stott Mountain, Alsea,

and Siuslaw units.

The department continues to support and monitor

research activities focusing on DHLS. Research on

DHLS was initiated in 2003 through a cooperative

effort with Oregon State University, USDA-APHIS-

VS, and the department. The two-year study ended

in June 2005. The study was designed to evaluate

transmission potential between black-tailed deer

and mule deer, and describe the progression of the

syndrome within individual deer. It was determined

that the “biting” louse, considered to be the cause

of the syndrome, could live on mule deer. Other

information acquired from this research will help

biologists better understand the progression of

the syndrome in deer populations. Further study is

needed and being planned for the future. The study

facility is located at ODFW’s E.E. Wilson Wildlife Area.

In addition to contributing funds for the project, the

department also provided volunteers and employees

to assist with the study.



15

White-tailed Deer

The most distinguishing feature of white-tailed deer is

the tail. Whitetails have long, wide tails that can easily

be seen, especially when they raise their tails when

startled. White-tailed deer antlers differ from mule

and black-tailed deer in that there is one main beam

with points coming off. Mule and black-tailed deer

have antlers that fork on the main beam.

Distribution

Two subspecies of white-tailed deer occur in Oregon.

Populations of the Columbian white-tailed deer

(O. virginianus leucurus) are found in the Umpqua

River Basin near Roseburg, on a series of Columbia

River islands in Oregon and Washington, and on the

Oregon and Washington mainlands along the lower

Columbia River.

The other whitetail in Oregon is often called the

Northwest (Idaho) whitetail (O. v. ochrourus). Highest

densities of this subspecies occur in northeastern

Oregon, particularly in Union, Wallowa, and Umatilla

counties.

Management

Columbian white-tailed deer were listed as a federally

endangered species in 1968, and listed by Oregon

in 1987. The Columbia River population is still listed

under the federal Endangered Species Act (ESA).

However, the Roseburg population was de-listed by

Oregon in 1995 and by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife

Service in 2003. The current Roseburg population

estimate is about 6,400. For the fi rst time in almost

40 years, there was a hunting season for Columbian

white-tailed deer during the fall of 2005.

Populations of the Northwest (Idaho) whitetail are

thriving in areas with suitable habitat: typically heavy

shrub patches and thick riparian vegetation. Although

expanding to the south and west, their preference for

heavy cover has limited their distribution. A few hunts

are designed specifi cally to harvest whitetails and these

can provide some unique and exciting opportunities.

Deer Hair Loss Syndrome (DHLS)

Columbian white-tailed deer are susceptible to DHLS.

A discussion of DHLS is included in the black-tailed

deer section.



16

Mule Deer

Rocky Mountain mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus

hemionus) are native to eastern Oregon. The mule

deer is the larger member of the genus in Oregon.

Explorers in the early 1800s reported a scarcity of

big game, but 20 years later gold miners found

abundant deer herds. This century has seen similar

fl uctuations. Scientifi c studies of the 1930s reported

that between 1926 and 1933 Oregon’s mule deer

population ranged from 39,000 to 75,000 animals.

The estimated population in 2008 was 229,037,

which was 38 percent below the revised statewide

management objective of 347,400 mule deer

adopted in June 2005. Mule deer populations have

been generally declining throughout western North

America during the last several years.

Distribution

Mule deer occupy a wide range of habitat types;

some live in desert shrub, steppe, some in woodlands,

and some in conifer forests. In general, however,

mule deer occupy the more open, rugged areas.

Although mule deer commonly are considered to be

“browsers”, they consume a wide variety of plant

materials and in some seasons graze extensively.

During summer, deer are scattered over much of

eastern Oregon. Winter weather forces deer to

migrate to lower elevations. In winter, the critical

period of life for the mule deer, new growth of twigs

of shrubs and trees is browsed, especially that of

species high in fat content. Sagebrush, bitterbrush,

rabbit-brush, juniper, and mountain-mahogany, are

among those typically browsed.

In the most productive winter ranges of central

and southeastern Oregon, favorite shrubs such as

bitterbrush and mountain mahogany stand above

the snow, in typical years, providing food and shelter.

The sagebrush plateau areas of Lake, Harney, and

Malheur counties support lower densities of deer.

Some ranges in northeastern Oregon lack suitable

shrub habitat critical in severe winters.

Management

Mule deer surveys are normally conducted twice

annually. Herd composition counts are conducted

during November and December and again along

with spring trend counts during March and April.

Deer are classifi ed as bucks, does, and fawns to

calculate ratios of bucks, fawns, and does in each

management unit. Buck ratios measure post-hunting

season survival of bucks and indicate numbers and

age classes of bucks available for breeding. Post-

season buck ratios are compared to the buck ratio

MO for each unit to determine if the objective is

being met.

In order to measure effects of weather, predation,

poaching, and hunting seasons on deer herds, it is

necessary to conduct periodic population inventories.

Trend counts are conducted during March and April

and are used to measure overwinter survival of

populations. They are made along the same routes

or areas each year and are traveled by vehicle,

horseback, aircraft, or on foot. All observed deer are

counted, and the number is compared to the previous

year’s information to determine if populations

have increased or decreased. Deer are capable of

increasing or decreasing very quickly depending on

the circumstances.



17

The fall fawn ratio is used to determine numbers

of fawns present in populations before winter.

During spring counts, deer are classifi ed as adults

or fawns and a ratio of fawns per 100 adults is

calculated. Spring fawn ratios are compared to fall

herd composition to estimate the number of fawns

entering the population (recruitment), a critical factor

in measuring mule deer productivity.

All of the information collected is used to simulate

yearly gains and losses through computer modeling.

Mule deer tag numbers are adjusted annually and

allocated by controlled hunt only. Total population

management objectives (MOs) for each unit were set

in 2005 by Commission action and are considered

maximums. MOs are scheduled to be reviewed every

5 years and may be adjusted up or down to meet

changing conditions. In addition, post-season MOs

were set for buck ratios. There are 3 strategies used

to determine tag numbers based on buck ratios:

▪ Units that are managed to provide maximum hunter recreation, and generally have historically high recruitment and herd productivity, have a minimum buck ratio MO of 12 bucks per 100 does post-season. About 60 percent of the buck harvest in these units will be yearling bucks. Fifteen of 50 management units or subunits fall in this category.

▪ To provide a better chance of bagging an older age-class buck under somewhat less crowded conditions, 27 units are managed for minimum post-season buck ratio of 15 bucks per 100 does. Fewer tags are available in these units, but harvest will typically include 40 to 60 percent bucks 2.5 years or older.

Quality hunting experiences under uncrowded

conditions are possible in the 8 units with buck ratio

MOs of 25 bucks per 100 does. Hunting conditions

will generally be uncrowded, and most harvest should

be mature bucks. More information on mule deer

management can be found in Oregon’s Mule Deer

Management Plan, which is on the department’s Web

site.

Adenovirus (AHD)

Adenovirus (AHD) is one of three viral hemorrhagic

diseases known to affect deer. Deer have tested

positive for the disease based on serum antibody

titers in 23 Oregon big game units throughout the

state since 2003. In May 2002, the department

confi rmed AHD was causing an “all age and sex”

mule deer die-off in and around Crooked River Ranch

in the Metolius unit. Additional monitoring and

testing indicated the disease had spread as far south

as Sun River in the Upper Deschutes unit and into the

eastern portion of the Grizzly unit. The department

estimated that approximately 500 mule deer died

prior to Nov.– Dec. 2002 when the main outbreak

subsided.

Deer exposure to AHD continues to cause mortality

in the affected area. Unfortunately, there is little

that can be done to prevent or cure the disease.

In an increased effort to monitor the disease, the

department is continuing with surveillance and

instituted special carcass disposal restrictions. Any

animal showing symptoms of the disease is collected

for testing and disposed of within the outbreak area

to insure no further spread. Although many variables

may be interacting to cause the observed decline,

AHD likely has been a major factor. The department

will continue to monitor health of mule deer in this

area.



18

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19

WATERSHED UNIT DISTRICT FAWNS ADULTS TOTAL 2009 2008 2007

SCAPPOOSE N WILLAMETTE 0 0 0 -- -- --SADDLE MT N COAST 0 0 0 -- 38 45WILSON N COAST 0 0 0 -- 36 44 W TRASK N COAST 0 0 0 -- 37 32 NE TRASK N WILLAMETTE 0 0 0 -- -- -- SE TRASK 0 0 0 -- -- --TRASK 0 0 0 -- 37 32 E STOTT N WILLAMETTE 0 0 0 -- -- -- W STOTT N COAST 0 0 0 -- -- --STOTT MT 0 0 0 -- -- --ALSEA N COAST 0 0 0 -- -- -- S SIUSLAW SOUTHWEST 0 0 0 -- 38 -- E SIUSLAW S WILLAMETTE 0 0 0 -- -- -- W SIUSLAW N COAST 0 0 0 -- -- --SIUSLAW 0 0 0 -- 38 --WILLAMETTE 0 0 0 -- -- --

NORTH COAST TOTAL 0 0 0 -- 37 38

E TIOGA SOUTHWEST 14 52 66 27 23 37 W TIOGA SOUTHWEST 29 77 106 38 53 --TIOGA SOUTHWEST 43 129 172 33 33 37SIXES SOUTHWEST 22 41 63 54 72 -- E POWERS SOUTHWEST 5 16 21 31 58 25 W POWERS SOUTHWEST 5 16 21 31 68 --POWERS SOUTHWEST 10 32 42 31 64 25 E CHETCO ROGUE 14 22 36 64 29 28 W CHETCO ROGUE 1 15 16 7 54 40CHETCO ROGUE 15 37 52 41 34 33 E APPLEGATE ROGUE 16 27 43 59 62 44 W APPLEGATE ROGUE 62 105 167 59 69 66APPLEGATE ROGUE 78 132 210 59 66 61MELROSE SOUTHWEST 219 716 935 31 35 36

SOUTHWEST TOTAL 387 1,087 1,474 40 51 39

N SANTIAM N WILLAMETTE 0 0 0 -- -- -- S SANTIAM S WILLAMETTE 0 0 0 -- -- --SANTIAM 0 0 0 -- -- -- N McKENZIE S WILLAMETTE 0 0 0 -- -- -- S McKENZIE S WILLAMETTE 0 0 0 -- -- --McKENZIE S WILLAMETTE 0 0 0 -- -- -- N INDIGO S WILLAMETTE 0 0 0 -- -- -- S INDIGO SOUTHWEST 20 78 98 26 56 85INDIGO 20 78 98 26 56 85DIXON SOUTHWEST 81 251 332 32 37 31EVANS CREEK ROGUE 105 182 287 58 63 42ROGUE ROGUE 216 395 611 55 49 55

CASCADE TOTAL 422 906 1,328 39 52 60

GRAND TOTAL 809 1,993 1,401 -- -- --

DEER CLASSIFIED IN 2009 SPRING FAWNS PER 100 ADULTS

BLACK-TAILED DEER SPRING FAWN SURVIVAL REPORT



20

WATERSHED MILES DEER DEER / MILE UNIT DISTRICT TRAVELED OBSERVED 2009 2008 2007 BENCHMARKSCAPPOOSE N WILLAMETTE 0 0 -- -- -- 1.5SADDLE MT N COAST 0 0 -- -- -- 1.5WILSON N COAST 0 0 -- -- -- 1.0 W TRASK N COAST 0 0 -- -- -- 2.0 NE TRASK N WILLAMETTE 0 0 -- -- -- 2.2 SE TRASK 0 0 -- -- -- 2.2TRASK 0 0 -- -- -- 2.2 E STOTT N WILLAMETTE 0 0 -- -- -- 2.0 W STOTT N COAST 0 0 -- -- -- 2.0STOTT MT 0 0 -- -- -- 2.2ALSEA N COAST 0 0 -- -- -- 2.2 S SIUSLAW SOUTHWEST 0 0 -- 3.2 -- 3.0 E SIUSLAW S WILLAMETTE 0 0 -- -- -- 3.0 W SIUSLAW N COAST 0 0 -- -- -- 3.0SIUSLAW 0 0 -- -- -- 3.0WILLAMETTE 0 0 -- -- -- --

NORTH COAST TOTAL -- -- -- -- -- --

E TIOGA SOUTHWEST 20 92 4.6 4.6 1.4 2.0 W TIOGA SOUTHWEST 25 106 4.2 1.6 7.6 2.0TIOGA SOUTHWEST 45 198 4.4 2.6 1.4 2.0SIXES SOUTHWEST 37 80 2.2 2.8 2.0 1.5 E POWERS SOUTHWEST 33 57 1.7 1.7 1.9 2.0 W POWERS SOUTHWEST 34 57 1.7 2.2 4.2 1.6POWERS SOUTHWEST 67 114 1.7 2.0 1.9 1.6 E CHETCO ROGUE 43 56 1.3 1.6 1.3 1.5 W CHETCO ROGUE 19 16 0.8 0.4 0.4 1.5CHETCO ROGUE 62 72 1.2 0.9 0.8 1.5 E APPLEGATE ROGUE 15 130 8.7 7.0 5.1 13.0 W APPLEGATE ROGUE 38 212 5.6 4.0 7.3 2.8APPLEGATE ROGUE 53 342 6.5 4.8 6.7 5.7MELROSE SOUTHWEST 180 1098 6.1 4.0 2.5 3.0

SOUTHWEST TOTAL 444 1904 4.3 -- -- --

N SANTIAM N WILLAMETTE 0 0 -- -- -- 1.6 S SANTIAM S WILLAMETTE 0 0 -- -- -- 1.8SANTIAM 0 0 -- -- -- 1.7 N McKENZIE S WILLAMETTE 0 0 -- -- -- 3.5 S McKENZIE S WILLAMETTE 0 0 -- -- -- 3.5McKENZIE S WILLAMETTE 0 0 -- -- -- 3.5 N INDIGO S WILLAMETTE 0 0 -- -- -- 3.5 S INDIGO SOUTHWEST 50 119 2.4 1.5 1.1 3.0INDIGO 50 119 2.4 1.5 1.1 3.3DIXON SOUTHWEST 70 348 5.0 4.3 3.9 3.0EVANS CREEK ROGUE 60 327 5.5 5.1 4.2 2.5ROGUE ROGUE 96 1161 12.1 10.2 10.6 11.5

CASCADE TOTAL 276 1955 6 -- -- --

GRAND TOTAL 720 3859 5.3 -- -- --

BLACK-TAILED DEER POPULATION TRENDS REPORT



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25

WATERSHED MILES DEER DEER PER MILE UNIT DISTRICT TRAVELED OBSERVED 2009 2008 2007 BENCHMARKMINAM GRANDE RONDE 41 276 6.7 21.6 16.2 25.8IMNAHA GRANDE RONDE 35 647 18.5 42.3 24.7 13.1CATHERINE CR GRANDE RONDE 75 719 9.6 14.3 14.9 33.0KEATING GRANDE RONDE -- 2959 -- -- 55.0 20.0PINE CR GRANDE RONDE -- 1106 -- -- 852.0 18.0LOOKOUT MT GRANDE RONDE -- 1318 -- -- 1,229.0 25.0

WALLOWA ZONE 151 7,025 11.6 26.1 365.3 22.8

SNAKE RIVER GRANDE RONDE 80 625 7.8 11.2 10.1 9.0CHESNIMNUS GRANDE RONDE 95 534 5.6 9.1 5.4 3.0 E SLED SPRINGS GRANDE RONDE -- -- -- 19.5 19.1 -- W SLED SPRINGS GRANDE RONDE 40 341 8.5 6.4 14.8 --SLED SPRINGS GRANDE RONDE 89 1,217 13.7 15.4 17.8 12.0WENAHA GRANDE RONDE 33 659 20.0 29.0 25.5 7.0WALLA WALLA JOHN DAY -- -- -- -- -- 10.0 E MT EMILY GRANDE RONDE 28 385 13.8 16.4 14.2 -- W MT EMILY JOHN DAY -- -- -- -- -- --MT EMILY 28 385 13.8 16.4 40.6 22.0

WENAHA-SNAKE ZONE 325 3,420 11.9 13.5 16.6 10.0

STARKEY GRANDE RONDE 111 617 5.6 15.3 10.1 10.2 N UKIAH JOHN DAY -- -- -- -- -- -- S UKIAH JOHN DAY -- -- -- -- -- --UKIAH JOHN DAY -- -- -- -- -- 22.0SUMPTER GRANDE RONDE -- 1653 -- -- -- 14.0DESOLATION JOHN DAY 120 376 3.1 2.6 2.8 4.5 S HEPPNER JOHN DAY 120 756 6.3 -- -- -- N HEPPNER JOHN DAY 40 685 17.1 -- -- --HEPPNER JOHN DAY 160 1441 9.0 10.2 14.7 14.3FOSSIL JOHN DAY 16 169 10.6 9.5 6.8 6.0COLUMBIA BASIN JOHN DAY 38.0 26.0 0.7 -- -- --

UMATILLA-WHITMAN ZONE 445 4,282 4.1 5.4 4.9 11.1

NORTHSIDE JOHN DAY -- 2,655 -- -- -- 25.9MURDERERS CR JOHN DAY -- 2,015 -- -- -- 16.0 E BEULAH MALHEUR -- 1,438 -- -- -- -- W BEULAH MALHEUR -- 2,346 -- -- -- --BEULAH MALHEUR -- 3,784 -- -- -- 12.5 E MALHEUR R MALHEUR -- 964 -- -- -- 7.5 W MALHEUR R MALHEUR -- -- -- 6.0 7.2 11.5MALHEUR RIVER MALHEUR 117 628 5.4 16.1 13.1 9.1SILVIES MALHEUR 98 350 3.6 5.2 5.0 14.5OCHOCO DESCHUTES 148 955 6.5 6.7 4.6 14.8GRIZZLY DESCHUTES 88 364 4.1 3.5 2.8 9.9MAURY DESCHUTES 100 636 6.4 6.5 3.5 10.0

OCHOCO-MALHEUR ZONE 551 11,387 3.2 4.8 3.6 12.9

NORTHEAST AREA TOTAL 1,472 26,114 7.7 12.4 97.6 14.2

MULE DEER POPULATION TRENDS REPORT



26

WATERSHED MILES DEER DEER PER MILE UNIT DISTRICT TRAVELED OBSERVED 2009 2008 2007 BENCHMARK

E BIGGS JOHN DAY -- -- -- -- -- -- W BIGGS DESCHUTES 155 1,424 9.2 5.6 4.6 5.0BIGGS 155 1,424 9.2 5.6 4.6 5.0MAUPIN DESCHUTES 43 356 8.3 4.7 4.3 4.2HOOD DESCHUTES -- -- -- -- -- --WHITE RIVER DESCHUTES 67 1,710 25.5 15.6 15.6 26.0

COLUMBIA ZONE 420.0 4914.0 13.0 7.9 7.3 8.7

METOLIUS DESCHUTES 81 245 3.0 5.7 5.3 11.6 N PAULINA DESCHUTES 127 260 2.0 1.1 0.6 5.2 S PAULINA DESCHUTES 143 822 5.7 5.1 4.7 7.7PAULINA DESCHUTES 270 1,082 4.0 3.2 2.8 6.5UPPER DESCHUTES DESCHUTES 55 119 2.2 1.0 0.5 1.8FORT ROCK KLAMATH 60 1,053 17.6 24.2 18.1 35.0SILVER LAKE KLAMATH 65 2,238 34.4 45.7 43.2 55.0SPRAGUE KLAMATH -- -- -- -- -- 32.0KLAMATH FALLS KLAMATH 86.0 522.0 6.1 578.0 7.9 15.0KENO KLAMATH 28.0 115.0 4.1 56.0 6.0 15.0 E INTERSTATE KLAMATH 65 970 14.9 16.6 7.0 24.0 W INTERSTATE KLAMATH 113 1,043 9.2 9.3 6.0 11.5INTERSTATE KLAMATH 178 2,013 11.3 11.9 6.3 16.0WARNER KLAMATH 87 869 10.0 12.4 4.3 23.0

SOUTH-CENTRAL ZONE 1358.0 11351.0 9.6 59.2 8.2 16.4

CENTRAL AREA TOTAL 1,778 16,265 11.3 33.6 7.7 14.1

N WAGONTIRE DESCHUTES 64 65 1.0 0.2 0.1 -- N WAGONTIRE MALHEUR 15.0 31.0 2.1 -- 0.5 -- S WAGONTIRE KLAMATH 40 120 3.0 3.3 3.5 --WAGONTIRE 119 216 1.8 1.4 1.3 3.3 E BEATYS BUTTE MALHEUR 35 318 9.1 4.5 7.6 7.5 W BEATYS BUTTE KLAMATH 62 146 2.4 1.0 2.0 7.5BEATYS BUTTE 97 464 4.8 2.2 4.0 7.5 E JUNIPER MALHEUR 60.0 99.0 1.7 -- 2.8 -- W JUNIPER KLAMATH -- -- -- -- -- --JUNIPER -- -- -- -- 2.8 --STEENS MT MALHEUR 93 293 3.2 7.8 7.4 25.0E WHITEHORSE MALHEUR -- 895 -- -- -- 13.3 E TROUT CR MALHEUR 45.0 148.0 3.3 -- -- 9.0 W TROUT CR MALHEUR 45.0 164.0 3.6 -- 3.1 9.0TROUT CR MT MALHEUR 90.0 312 3.5 -- 8.8 9.0OWYHEE MALHEUR -- 1,559 -- -- -- 7.4

SOUTHEAST AREA TOTALS 765 4,830 3.3 2.9 3.7 12.1

CENTRAL/SE AREA TOTAL 2,543 21,095 7.3 18.2 5.7 13.6

MULE DEER GRAND TOTAL 1,705 24,315 10.3 13.4 99.0 14.2

MULE DEER POPULATION TRENDS REPORT



27

HARVEST# OF HUNTER ANTLER- TOTAL TOTAL %

UNITS SEASON HUNTERS DAYS LESS SPIKE BUCK DEER SUCCESS

SADDLE MT Early GENERAL 562 5515 49 49 9Late GENERAL 208 673 12 12 12 6

Saddle Mt Unit total 770 6,188 49 12 12 61 8

SCAPPOOSE Early GENERAL 355 3791 49 12 61 17

WILSON Early GENERAL 355 2922 24 24 7

TRASK Early GENERAL 550 4524 12 12 2

STOTT MT Early GENERAL 281 2470 12 24 36 13Late GENERAL 428 1785 37 37 9

Stott Mt Unit total 709 4,255 49 24 73 10

ALSEA Early GENERAL 734 6591 12 36 36 5Late GENERAL 831 4451 24 24 60 84 10

Alsea Unit total 1,565 11,042 24 36 96 120 8

SIUSLAW Early GENERAL 293 2947 12 12 4Late GENERAL 379 2140 12 61 73 19

Siuslaw Unit total 672 5,087 12 73 85 13

WILLAMETTE Early GENERAL 831 5564 24 61 85 10Late GENERAL 1137 6566 73 37 85 158 14

Willamette Unit total 1,968 12,130 97 37 146 243 12

Trout Creek Mountain Bow 168R1 26 145 2 2 8

NORTH COAST AREA TOTAL 6,970 50,084 316 85 365 681 10

MELROSE Early GENERAL 208 1296 24 24 48 23Late GENERAL 269 1284 24 61 85 32

Umpqua Bow 123R1 11 52 2 2 18North Bank Habitat Bow 123R2 14 64

Melrose Unit total 502 2,696 48 87 135 27

TIOGA Early GENERAL 330 3008 12 12 4Umpqua Bow 123R1 0

Tioga Unit total 330 3,008 12 12 4

SIXES Early GENERAL 110 880 12 12 11Late GENERAL 49 245 12 12 24

Sixes Unit total 159 1,125 24 24 15

POWERS Early GENERAL 24 122

CHETCO Early GENERAL 12 24

APPLEGATE Early GENERAL 135 685


SOUTH COAST AREA TOTAL 1,179 7,779 48 127 175 15

2008 WESTERN OREGON DEER ARCHERY SEASONS



28


UNITS SEASON HUNTERS DAYS LESS SPIKE BUCK DEER SUCCESS

SANTIAM Early GENERAL 2005 15333 12 24 72 84 4Late GENERAL 2323 13976 98 37 146 244 11

Santiam Unit total 4,328 29,309 110 61 218 328 8

MCKENZIE Early GENERAL 1174 9941 12 24 36 3Late GENERAL 1822 10993 61 12 135 196 11

McKenzie Unit total 2,996 20,934 73 12 159 232 8

INDIGO Early GENERAL 660 6138 12 60 60 9Late GENERAL 575 3791 12 60 72 13

Umpqua Bow 123R1 5 14Indigo Unit total 1,240 9,943 12 12 120 132 11

DIXON Early GENERAL 257 2580 24 24 9Umpqua Bow 123R1 7 36 2 2 29

Dixon Unit total 264 2,616 26 26 10

EVANS CREEK Early GENERAL 122 1394 12 12 10Late GENERAL 318 2079 74 74 23

Evans Creek Unit total 440 3,473 86 86 20

ROGUE Early GENERAL 1174 9794 61 61 5Late GENERAL 1394 10100 171 171 12

Rogue Unit total 2,568 19,894 232 232 9


CASCADE AREA TOTAL 11,901 86,510 195 85 847 1,042 9

Early GENERAL 10,172 85,519 218 48 446 664 7

Late GENERAL 9,733 58,083 341 122 877 1,218 13

Controlled Archery 145 771 16 16 11 (Tagholders hunting in general season)

WESTERN OREGON ARCHERY TOTAL1,2 20,050 144,373 559 170 1,339 1,898 9

1 Includes 4,414 archery hunters who also hunted in Eastern Oregon2 Grand Total includes7,985 archery hunters who hunted both the early and late seasons in western Oregon.

2008 WESTERN OREGON DEER ARCHERY SEASONS



29

SEASON # OF HUNTER ANTLER- TOTAL TOTAL %UNITS BY AREA OR ZONE OR HUNT HUNTERS DAYS LESS SPIKE BUCK DEER SUCCESS

SADDLE MT 10 GENERAL 3229 21686 565 565 17General/High Cascade 119A 30 227 13 13 43

General/Hood-White River 141ASaddle Mt Unit 610 297 1530 53 37 37 90 30

Saddle Mt Unit Youth 610T 90 568 20 7 7 27 30600-series total 387 2,098 73 44 44 117 30

Saddle Mt Unit total 3,616 24,011 73 44 622 695 19

SCAPPOOSE 11 GENERAL 3320 27376 619 619 19General/High Cascade 119A 13 103

General/Hood-White River 141AScappoose Unit 611 189 1023 40 22 22 62 33

Scappoose Unit Youth 611T 47 342 26 5 5 31 66600-series total 236 1,365 66 27 27 93 39

Scappoose Unit total 3,556 28,844 66 27 646 712 20

WILSON 12 GENERAL 1367 8135 164 164 12General/High Cascade 119A 4 13

General/Hood-White River 141A 2 11 2 2 100Wilson Unit 612 141 715 31 21 21 52 37

Wilson Unit Youth 612T 50 307 7 7 14600-series total 191 1,022 38 21 21 59 31Wilson Unit total 1,558 9,181 38 21 187 225 14

TRASK 14 GENERAL 5544 37334 1203 1,203 22General/High Cascade 119A 43 201 9 9 21

General/Hood-White River 141A 6 47 4 4 67North Muzzleloader 100M1 80 541 20 20 40 50

Trask Unit 614 195 1038 27 43 43 70 36Trask Unit Youth 614T 54 267 13 3 3 16 30

600 & 100M-series total 329 1,846 60 46 66 126 38Trask Unit total 5,873 39,428 60 46 1,282 1,342 23

STOTT MT 17 GENERAL 1878 12110 436 436 23General/High Cascade 119A 13 124

General/Hood-White River 141AStott Mt Unit 617 89 499 19 11 11 30 34

Stott Mt Unit Youth 617T 29 116 9 4 4 13 45600-series total 118 615 28 15 15 43 36

Stott Mt Unit total 1,996 12,849 28 15 451 479 24

ALSEA 18 GENERAL 5909 36604 1313 1,313 22General/High Cascade 119A 120 967 31 31 26

General/Hood-White R. 141A 2 11Alsea Unit 618 174 784 22 28 28 50 29

Alsea Unit Youth 618T 64 387 17 24 24 41 64600-series total 238 1,171 39 52 52 91 38

Alsea Unit total 6,147 38,753 39 52 1,396 1,435 23

2008 WESTERN OREGON DEER RIFLE SEASONS

HARVEST



30

HARVESTSEASON # OF HUNTER ANTLER- TOTAL TOTAL %

UNITS BY AREA OR ZONE OR HUNT HUNTERS DAYS LESS SPIKE BUCK DEER SUCCESS

SIUSLAW 20 GENERAL 4049 26701 1021 1,021 25General/High Cascade 119A 51 449 26 26 51

North Siuslaw 620A 127 702 27 16 16 43 34South Siuslaw 620BCamas Swale 620C 289 1079 26 26 126 152 53

North Siuslaw Youth 620T 43 221 6 6 14600-series total 459 2,002 59 42 142 201 44

Siuslaw Unit tota 4,508 29,152 59 42 1,189 1,248 28

WILLAMETTE 15 GENERAL 6693 37736 1460 1,460 22General/High Cascade 119A 98 655 21 21 21

General/Hood-White River 141A 4 15 4 4 100North Muzzleloader 100M1 40 632 10 10 25

Willamette Unit 615 2753 24625 431 83 667 1,098 40600 & 100M-series total 2,793 25,257 431 83 677 1,108 40

Willamette Unit total 9,486 63,663 431 83 2,162 2,593 27

General Season total 31,989 207,682 6,781 6,781 21 119A total (General/High Cascade) 372 2,739 100 100 27 141A total (General/High Cascade) 14 84 10 10 71

600 & 100M-series total 4,751 35,376 794 330 1,044 1,838 39

NORTH COAST AREA TOTAL 36,740 245,881 794 330 7,935 8,729 24

MELROSE 23 GENERAL 4888 31042 1861 1,861 38General/High Cascade 119A 47 415 13 13 28

Umpqua 123A 45 154 35 35 78North Bank Habitat 123B 6 26 5 5 83

Melrose-North Sixes Muzzleloader 123M1 80 344 7 2 29 36 45North Bank Habitat 123M2 9 63

Calapooya 621BMelrose Unit 623 249 1186 85 31 31 116 47

Central Melrose 623A 843 3094 184 127 127 311 37North Bank Habitat Area 623B1 7 18 2 2 2 4 57North Bank Habitat Area 623B2

North Bank Habitat Mgt Area Youth #1 623T1 29 80 2 16 18 62North Bank Habitat Mgt Area Youth #2 623T2North Bank Habitat Mgt Area Youth #2 623T3

600 & 100M-series total 1,217 4,785 280 162 205 485 40Melrose Unit tota 6,156 36,422 280 162 2,119 2,399 39

TIOGA 24 GENERAL 4268 27923 1203 1,203 28General/High Cascade 119A 17 73 4 4 24

Umpqua 123ATioga Unit 624AEast Tioga 624B

600-series totalTioga Unit total 4,268 27,996 1,207 1,207 28




31



SIXES 25 GENERAL 1568 8226 655 655 42General/High Cascade 119A

Melrose-North Sixes Muzzleloader 123M1 33 139 2 2 6Sixes Unit 625 84 420 19 21 21 40 48

North Sixes Youth 625T 37 149 23 23 62600 & 100M-series total 154 708 44 21 21 65 42

Sixes Unit tota 1,722 8,934 44 21 676 720 42

POWERS 26 GENERAL 1514 12384 473 473 31General/High Cascade 119A 13 107 9 9 69

Powers Unit 626Powers Unit total 1,514 12,491 482 482 32

CHETCO 27 GENERAL 1769 10743 528 528 30General/High Cascade 119A 9 30 8 8 89

Chetco Unit 627 65 272 10 27 27 37 57Chetco Unit Youth 627T 15 22 7 7 47600-series total 80 294 17 27 27 44 55

Chetco Unit total 1,849 11,067 17 27 563 580 31

APPLEGATE 28 GENERAL 3320 19734 839 839 25General/High Cascade 119A 39 265 8 8 21

Applegate Muzzleloader 128M 286 1689 16 9 103 119 42West Applegate Unit 628A 63 191 22 14 14 36 57

Applegate Youth 628T 21 97 2 7 9 43600 & 100M-series total 370 1,977 40 23 124 164 44

Applegate Unit total 3,690 21,976 40 23 971 1,011 27

General Season total 17,327 110,052 5,559 5,559 32 100-series total (includes General 119A) 176 1,070 82 82 47

600 & 100M-series total 1,821 7,764 381 233 377 758 42

SOUTH COAST AREA TOTAL 19,199 118,886 381 233 6,018 6,399 33

SANTIAM 16 GENERAL 11490 68194 1423 1,423 12General/High Cascade 119A 441 3038 64 64 15

Controlled/High Cascade 119A 912 3454 64 64 7General/Hood-White River 141A 19 144 4 4 21

West Santiam Unit 616A 638 3116 150 56 56 206 32Southwest Santiam Youth 616T 110 510 10 8 39 49 45

600-series total 748 3,626 160 64 95 255 34Santiam Unit total 13,150 78,456 160 64 1,650 1,810 14




32



McKENZIE 19 GENERAL 7222 43463 857 857 12General/High Cascade 119A 330 2397 56 56 17

Controlled/High Cascade 119A 509 2076 30 30 6General/Hood-White R. 141A 2 8

North Muzzleloader 100M1 401 2276 20 20 120 140 35McKenzie Unit 619 576 2411 113 48 48 161 28

Mill Creek 619A 375 1522 102 43 43 145 39Little Fall Creek 619B 36 212 5 5 5 10 28

McKenzie Unit Youth 619T 136 604 5 12 57 62 46600 & 100M-series total 1,524 7,025 245 128 273 518 34

McKenzie Unit tota 9,255 54,969 245 128 1,216 1,461 16

INDIGO 21 GENERAL 3739 26099 638 638 17General/High Cascade 119A 111 1001 25 25 23

Controlled/High Cascade 119A 197 723 4 4 2North Muzzleloader 100M1 211 1143 10 30 80 90 43

South Indigo Muzzleloader 121M 50 244 2 2 26 28 56Umpqua 123A 5 43Dorena 621A 266 1234 47 30 30 77 29

Calapooya 621BRound Mountain 621C

Prune Hill 621D 69 326 16 10 10 26 38Simpson Creek 621E 2 5 1 1 50

North Indigo Youth 621T 72 275 7 5 18 25 35600 & 100M-series total 670 3,227 83 77 164 247 37

Indigo Unit tota 4,611 31,093 83 77 831 914 20

DIXON 22 GENERAL 3812 23837 966 966 25General/High Cascade 119A 68 586 29 29 43

Controlled/High Cascade 119A 111 428 13 13 12Umpqua 123A 19 64 8 8 42

West Dixon 622ADixon Unit tota 3,942 24,915 1,016 1,016 26

EVANS CREEK 29 GENERAL 2572 16524 820 820 32General/High Cascade 119A 30 193 17 17 57

Evans Creek Unit 629 48 196 17 8 8 25 52Evans Creek Youth 629T 61 270 13 4 20 33 54

600-series total 109 466 30 12 28 58 53Evans Creek Unit tota 2,681 17,183 30 12 865 895 33

ROGUE 30 GENERAL 7587 48514 1769 1,769 23General/High Cascade 119A 154 954 39 39 25

Controlled/High Cascade 119A 141 449 13 13 9Rogue Unit Youth 630T 135 699 30 11 61 91 67

Rogue Unit total 7,863 50,616 30 11 1,882 1,912 24

General Season total 36,422 226,631 6,473 6,473 18100-series total (includes General 119A & 141A) 1,177 8,420 242 242 21

Controlled/119A total 1,870 7,130 124 124 7600 & 100M-series total 3,186 15,043 548 292 621 1,169 37

CASCADE AREA TOTAL 41,502 257,224 548 292 7,460 8,008 19




33



MUZZLELOADER HUNTS North 100M1 732 4,592 50 50 230 280 38South Indigo Muzzleloader 121M 50 244 2 2 26 28 56

Melrose-North Sixes Muzzleloader 123M1 113 483 9 2 29 38 34North Bank Habitat 123M2 9 63

Applegate Muzzleloader 128M 286 1,689 16 9 103 119 42Muzzleloader totals 1,190 7,071 77 63 388 465 39

119A HIGH CASCADE General Total 1,631 11,798 372 372 23119A HIGH CASCADE Controlled Total 1,870 7,130 124 124 7141A HOOD/WHITE RIVER General Total 35 236 14 14 40Umpqua 123A 69 261 43 43 62North Bank Habitat 123B 6 26 5 5 83

GENERAL SEASON TOTALS 85,738 544,365 18,813 18,813 22100-SERIES TOTALS 3,611 19,451 558 558 15

600 & 100M-SERIES TOTALS 9,758 58,183 1,723 855 2,042 3,765 39

GRAND TOTAL1 97,441 621,999 1,723 855 21,413 23,136 24

1 General season 119A hunters (1,631) and 141A hunters (35). are not included in Area and Grand Totals.Total eliminates duplication where hunters could hunt two areas.




34

HARVEST # OF ANTLER- 2pt+ TOTAL % % OF

UNIT HUNTERS LESS SPIKE BUCK DEER SUCCESS HARVEST

100M1 NORTH MUZZLELOADER

TRASK 80 20 20 40 50 14

WILLAMETTE 40 10 10 25 3

MCKENZIE 401 20 20 100 140 35 48

INDIGO 211 10 30 50 90 43 31

HOOD 10 10 10 100 2

WHITE RIVER

TOTAL 742 50 60 180 290 39 100

2008 WESTERN OREGON BLACK-TAILED DEER 100M1 HARVEST



35

HARVESTHUNTER ANTLER- TOTAL TOTAL %

UNIT NAME HUNTERS DAYS LESS SPIKE BUCKS DEER SUCCESS

SADDLE MT 102 736 11 8 20 31 30SCAPPOOSE 113 926 17 8 28 45 40WILSON 85 735 8 2 14 22 26TRASK 184 1,373 19 8 33 52 28STOTT MT 68 446 9 0 12 21 31ALSEA 245 2,320 28 15 70 98 40SIUSLAW 129 1,047 13 8 32 45 35WILLAMETTE 224 1,872 23 12 43 66 29

NORTH COAST AREA TOTAL 1,150 9,455 128 61 252 441 38

MELROSE 192 1,485 11 13 92 103 54TIOGA 147 1,350 41 41 28SIXES 30 188 10 10 33POWERS 60 610 26 26 43CHETCO 58 452 24 24 41APPLEGATE 62 572 25 25 40

SOUTH COAST AREA TOTAL 549 4,657 11 13 218 229 42

SANTIAM 381 2,805 48 17 59 107 28McKENZIE 322 2,345 34 11 62 96 30INDIGO 165 1,452 17 11 25 42 25DIXON 141 975 38 38 27EVANS CREEK 66 526 36 36 55ROGUE 275 2,199 53 53 19

CASCADE AREA TOTAL 1,350 10,302 99 39 273 372 28

GRAND TOTAL 3,049 24,414 238 113 743 981 32

2008 WESTERN OREGON DEER: HARVEST BY HUNTERS WITH DISABILITIES (ALL WEAPONS)



36

HARVEST # OF HUNTER ANTLER- TOTAL TOTAL %

UNITS BY AREA OR ZONE HUNTERS DAYS LESS SPIKE BUCK DEER SUCCESS

SADDLE MT 4418 30208 122 56 634 756 17SCAPPOOSE 3924 32635 115 27 658 773 20WILSON 1924 12134 62 21 187 249 13TRASK 6472 43952 72 46 1282 1,354 21STOTT MT 2718 17104 77 15 475 552 20ALSEA 7844 49846 63 88 1492 1,555 20SIUSLAW 5235 34267 71 42 1262 1,333 25WILLAMETTE 11561 75819 528 120 2310 2,838 25

NORTH COAST AREA TOTAL 44,096 295,965 1,110 415 8,300 9,410 21

MELROSE 6714 39166 328 162 2208 2,536 38TIOGA 4617 31030 1219 1,219 26SIXES 1883 10068 44 21 700 744 40POWERS 1551 12613 482 482 31CHETCO 1872 11125 17 27 563 580 31APPLEGATE 3866 22663 40 23 973 1,013 26

SOUTH COAST AREA TOTAL 20,503 126,665 429 233 6,145 6,574 32

SANTIAM 17955 107857 270 125 1870 2,140 12McKENZIE 12599 75990 318 140 1375 1,693 13INDIGO 5962 41036 95 89 951 1,046 18DIXON 4276 27548 1042 1,042 24EVANS CREEK 3158 20685 30 12 953 983 31ROGUE 10608 70626 30 11 2116 2,146 20

CASCADE AREA TOTAL 54,558 343,742 743 377 8,307 9,050 17

High Cascade 119A General Total 1,631 11,798 372 372 23General Season 119A1 Controlled Total 1,870 7,130 124 124 7General Season 141A1 General Total 35 236 14 14 40

Muzzleloader Hunts2 1,190 7,071 77 63 388 465 39

Hunters with disabilities3 2,607 20,601 188 90 629 817 31(This data not included in table above)

GRAND TOTAL4 120,098 786,973 2,470 1,115 23,381 25,851 22

1 General season 119A and 141A hunters are included in Unit and Area totals. General season 119A hunters (1,631) and 141A (35) hunters have been removed from the Grand Total to eliminate duplication where hunters could hunt two areas.2 Muzzleloader hunts are included in Unit, Area, and Grand totals. 3 Hunters with disabilities harvest is in addition to harvest shown above.4 Grand Total includes 4,414 archery hunters who also hunted in eastern Oregon. Grand Total includes 7,985 archery hunters who hunted both the early and late seasons in western Oregon.

2008 WESTERN OREGON DEER SEASON ARCHERY AND RIFLE HARVEST



37


UNITS SEASON HUNTERS DAYS LESS BUCK DEER SUCCESS

MINAM GENERAL 269 2494 85 85 32IMNAHA GENERAL 298 2849 24 24 8CATHERINE CREEK GENERAL 428 3522 73 73 17PINE CREEK GENERAL 358 3859 24 24 7KEATING GENERAL 257 1981 36 36 14LOOKOUT MT GENERAL 222 2393 14 14 6

WALLOWA ZONE TOTAL 1,832 17,098 256 256 14

MT. EMILY GENERAL 355 3363 97 97 27WALLA WALLA GENERAL 138 1286 12 12 9WENAHA GENERAL 198 1898 60 60 30SLED SPRINGS GENERAL 257 2360 49 49 19CHESNIMNUS GENERAL 247 2316 24 24 10SNAKE RIVER GENERAL 135 1039 24 24 18

WENAHA-SNAKE ZONE TOTAL 1,330 12,262 266 266 20

UKIAH GENERAL 587 5564 61 61 10DESOLATION GENERAL 1012 9392 109 109 11SUMPTER GENERAL 562 5368 60 60 11STARKEY GENERAL 1164 11257 109 109 9

Ladd Marsh Youth 652T1Starkey Unit Total 1,164 11,257 109 109 9

HEPPNER GENERAL 699 6358 86 86 12FOSSIL GENERAL 293 2140 86 86 29COLUMBIA BASIN GENERAL 185 1328 12 24 36 19

UMATILLA-WHITMAN ZONE TOTAL 4,502 41,407 12 535 547 12

MURDERERS CREEK GENERAL 870 8295 98 98 11NORTHSIDE GENERAL 700 6195 122 122 17BEULAH GENERAL 669 6169 212 212 32

West Beulah Bow 165R 20 133 3 3 15Beulah Unit Total 689 6302 215 215 31

MALHEUR RIVER GENERAL 567 6309 61 61 11SILVIES GENERAL 1057 7898 97 97 9MAURY GENERAL 183 1162 36 36 20OCHOCO GENERAL 553 5531 61 61 11GRIZZLY GENERAL 616 5203 138 138 22

OCHOCO-MALHEUR ZONE TOTAL 5,235 46,895 828 828 16

BLUE MT AREA TOTAL 12,899 117,662 12 1,885 1,897 15

2008 EASTERN OREGON DEER ARCHERY SEASONS



38


UNITS SEASON HUNTERS DAYS LESS BUCK DEER SUCCESS

BIGGS GENERAL 49 269 24 24 49MAUPIN GENERAL 49 245 12 12 24HOOD GENERAL 73 709WHITE RIVER GENERAL 482 3447 99 99 21METOLIUS GENERAL 660 4854 73 73 11

Southeast Metolius #1 139R1 36 372 1 26 27 75Southeast Metolius #2 139R2 23 97 10 10 43

Metolius Unit Total 719 5,323 11 99 110 15PAULINA GENERAL 795 7178 61 61 8

South Paulina 135R 31 94 10 10 32Paulina Unit Total 826 7,272 10 61 71 9

UPPER DESCHUTES GENERAL 760 6072 60 60 8FORT ROCK GENERAL 590 5153SILVER LAKE GENERAL 147 954 12 12 8SPRAGUE GENERAL 49 587KLAMATH FALLS GENERAL 232 1883 36 36 16KENO GENERAL 342 3106 61 61 18

Keno 131R 83 631 24 24 29Keno Unit Total 425 3,737 85 85 20

INTERSTATE GENERAL 358 3230 62 62 17WARNER GENERAL 171 1455 36 36 21

CENTRAL AREA TOTAL 4,930 40,336 21 586 607 12

BEATYS BUTTE GENERAL 37 330Hart Mt 170R1 16 95 5 5 31Hart Mt 170R2 17 94 2 2 12Hart Mt 170R3 4 18 2 2 50

Beatys Butte Unit Total 74 537 9 9 12JUNIPER GENERAL 54 255 14 14 26

Hart Mt 170R1 2 9Hart Mt 170R2Hart Mt 170R3 4 26

Juniper Unit Total 60 290 14 14 23WAGONTIRE GENERAL 61 599STEENS MT GENERAL 42 148WHITEHORSE GENERAL 24 306

Trout Creek Mts 168R 82 431 2 2 2SE Whitehorse Bow 168R2 21 105 8Whitehorse Unit Total 127 842 10 10 8

OWYHEE GENERAL 112 645 24 24 21

HIGH DESERT AREA TOTAL 476 3,061 57 57 12

EASTERN OREGON ARCHERY TOTAL1 18,305 161,059 33 2,528 2,561 14

1 Total includes 4,414 archery hunters who also hunted Western Oregon.

2008 EASTERN OREGON DEER ARCHERY SEASONS



39


UNITS BY AREA OR ZONE OR HUNT HUNTERS DAYS LESS BUCK DEER SUCCESS

MINAM 60 Minam Unit 160 495 2046 143 143 29Upper Wallowa Valley #1 660A1 12 51 6 6 50Upper Wallowa Valley #2 660A2

Lostine/Allen Canyon 660B 26 63 13 13 50Union County Agricultural 653A

600-series total 38 114 19 19 50Minam Unit total 533 2,160 19 143 162 30

IMNAHA 61 Imnaha Unit 161 666 3508 307 307 46Upper Wallowa Valley #1 660A1 4 10 4 4 100Upper Wallowa Valley #2 660A2

600-series total 4 10 4 4 100Imnaha Unit total 670 3,518 4 307 311 46

CATHERINE CREEK 53 Catherine Cr Unit 153 496 2393 161 161 32Union County Muzzleloader 153M 77 394 5 14 19 25

Union County Agricultural 653A 95 269 65 65 68600 & 100M-series total 172 663 70 14 84 49

Catherine Creek Unit total 668 3,056 70 175 245 37

PINE CREEK 62 Pine Cr Unit 162 309 1407 168 168 54

KEATING 63 Keating Unit 163 480 2182 212 212 44Keating Agricultural 663A 53 124 40 40 75

Keating Unit total 533 2,306 40 212 252 47

LOOKOUT MT 64 Lookout Mt Unit 164 307 1381 193 193 63

100-series buck deer total 2,753 12,917 1,184 1,184 43600 & 100M-series total 267 911 133 14 147 55

WALLOWA ZONE TOTAL 3,020 13,828 133 1,198 1,331 44

MT EMILY 54 East Mt Emily 154A 299 1416 150 150 50West Mt Emily 154B 560 2428 223 223 40West Mt Emily 154C 15 77 11 11

Union County Muzzleloader 153M 48 233 3 6 9 19West Blue Mts 649B

Union County Agricultural 653A 91 308 52 52 57Rawhide 654A

600 & 100M-series total 139 541 55 6 61 44Mt Emily Unit total 998 4,385 55 379 434 43

WALLA WALLA 55 Walla Walla Unit 155 215 724 137 137 64West Blue Mts 649B 0

Orchards 655A 0Walla Walla River #1 655B1 0Walla Walla River #2 655B2 0

600-series total 0 0 0 0 0Walla Walla Unit total 215 724 137 137 64

2008 EASTERN OREGON DEER RIFLE SEASONS



40



WENAHA 56 Wenaha Unit 156 432 2077 127 127 29Union County Muzzleloader 153M 122 614 19 29 48 39

North Wenaha\E Sled Muzzleloader 156M 84 416 24 9 33 39Union County Agricultural 653A 52 152 35 35 67

600 & 100M-series total 258 1,182 78 38 116 45Wenaha Unit total 690 3,259 78 165 243 35

SLED SPRINGS 57 Sled Springs Unit 157 1681 8061 651 651 39Union County Muzzleloader 153M 8 58 3 3 38

North Wenaha\E Sled Muzzleloader 156M 170 705 30 33 63 37Union County Agricultural 653A 48 130 34 34 71

Flora No. 1 657A1Flora No. 2 657A2

North Wallowa Valley #1 657B1North Wallowa Valley #2 657B2

Swamp-Crow Creeks 658A600 & 100M-series total 226 893 64 36 100 44Sled Springs Unit total 1,907 8,954 64 687 751 39

CHESNIMNUS 58 Chesnimnus Unit 158 538 3086 172 172 32Swamp-Crow Creeks 658A

Upper Wallowa Valley #1 660A1 3 6Upper Wallowa Valley #2 660A2

600 -series total 3 6Chesnimnus Unit total 541 3,092 172 172 32

SNAKE RIVER 59 Snake River Unit 159 262 1133 119 119 45

100-series buck deer totals 4,002 19,002 1,590 1,590 40600 & 100M-series totals 626 2,622 197 80 277 44

WENAHA-SNAKE ZONE TOTAL 4,628 21,624 197 1,670 1,867 40

UKIAH 49 Ukiah Unit 149 1607 7329 446 446 28North Ukiah #1 649A1North Ukiah #2 649A2

West Blue Mts 649B600-series TotalUkiah Unit Total 1,607 7,329 446 446 28

DESOLATION 50 Desolation Unit 150 1508 8359 519 519 34

SUMPTER 51 Sumpter Unit 151 1713 7884 585 585 34Sumpter Unity Agricultural 651AMalheur-Baker Youth Hunt 651T 39 102 32 32 82

600-series total 39 102 32 32 82Sumpter Unit total 1,752 7,986 32 585 617 35

STARKEY 52 Starkey 152A 909 5163 190 190 21Starkey Experimental Forest 152B 24 83 6 6 25Union County Muzzleloader 153M 90 479 8 22 30 33

Ladd Marsh Youth Hunt 652T2Union County Agricultural 653A 78 230 39 39 50

600 & 100M-series total 168 709 47 22 69 41Starkey Unit total 1,101 5,955 47 218 265 24




41



HEPPNER 48 Heppner Unit 148 2600 13196 905 905 35Ditch Creek Muzzleloader 148M 86 403 16 16 19

Heppner 648AMorrow County Youth Hunt 648T

600 & 100M-series total 86 403 16 16 19Heppner Unit total 2,686 13,599 921 921 34

FOSSIL 45 Fossil Unit 145 1582 6565 763 763 48North Fossil Unit 645A 105 229 81 81 77

Fossil Unit total 1,687 6,794 81 763 844 50

COLUMBIA BASIN 44 Columbia Basin Unit 144 1563 4756 847 847 54Umatilla NWR #1 644A1Umatilla NWR #2 644A2Umatilla NWR #3 644A3

North Columbia Basin #1 644B1North Columbia Basin #2 644B2

South Columbia Basin 644CUmatilla NWR Youth Hunt 644T1 4 12 4 4 100

Umatilla Co. Private 644T2Morrow County Youth Hunt 648T

West Blue Mtns 649B600-series total 4 12 4 4 100

Columbia Basin Unit total 1,567 4,768 4 847 851 54

100-series buck deer total 11,506 53,335 4,261 4,261 37600-series total 402 1,455 164 38 202 50

UMATILLA-WHITMAN ZONE TOTAL 11,908 54,790 164 4,299 4,463 37

MURDERERS CREEK 46 Murderers Creek 146 1141 5176 468 468 41John Day Valley 647A 44 112 35 35 80

Murderers Creek Unit total 1,185 5,288 35 468 503 42

NORTHSIDE 47 Northside Unit 147 1310 6279 600 600 46John Day Valley 647A 84 181 65 65 77

Northside Unit total 1,394 6,460 65 600 665 48

BEULAH 65 Beulah Unit 165 2082 10022 944 944 45Southeast Beulah 165A 588 2515 220 220 37

Sumpter Unity Agricultural 651AMalheur-Baker Youth Hunt 651T 25 70 18 18 72

Vale Bench #1 665A1 30 106 7 7 23Vale Bench #2 665A2 33 82 15 15 45

Vale-Ontario Agricultural 665B 28 75 26 26 93Moores Hollow-Porter Flat #1 665C1 11 47 8 8 73Moores Hollow-Porter Flat #2 665C2 17 43 14 14 82Willow Creek Agricultural #1 665D1 10 24 6 6 60Willow Creek Agricultural #2 665D2 12 68 6 6 50

600-series total 166 515 100 100 60Beulah Unit total 2,836 13,052 100 1,164 1,264 45




42



MALHEUR RIVER 66 Malheur River Unit 166 1553 8475 587 587 38North Malheur Muzzleloader 166M 43 236 6 6 14

Harney Basin Agricultural Hunt 679A 10 31 5 5 50Harney Basin Youth Hunt 679T 7 9 7 7 100

600 & 100M-series total 60 276 12 6 18 30Malheur River Unit total 1,613 8,751 12 593 605 38

SILVIES 72 Silvies Unit 172 760 3504 320 320 42Silvies Muzzleloader 172M 49 277 10 10 20

Silvies Unit total 809 3,781 330 330 41

MAURY 36 Maury Unit 136 724 3497 199 199 27

OCHOCO 37 Ochoco Unit 137 2853 14460 759 759 27John Day Valley 647A 8 18 8 8 100

Ochoco Unit total 2,861 14,478 8 759 767 27

GRIZZLY 38 Grizzly Unit 138 1384 5836 609 609 44Lower Willow Creek Agricultural 638A 78 186 64 64 82

Lytle Creek 638B 30 128 14 14 47600-series total 108 314 78 78 72Grizzly Unit total 1,492 6,150 78 609 687 46

100-series buck deer total 12,395 59,764 4,706 4,706 38600 & 100M-series total 519 1,693 298 16 314 61

OCHOCO-MALHEUR ZONE TOTAL 12,914 61,457 298 4,722 5,020 39

100-series buck deer total 30,656 145,018 11,741 11,741 38600 & 100M-series total 1,814 6,681 792 148 940 52


BIGGS 43 East Biggs 143A 601 1953 372 372 62West Biggs 143B 636 1739 420 420 66East Biggs 643A

West Biggs 643BMid-Columbia Private Youth 640T

600-series totalBiggs Unit total 1,237 3,692 792 792 64

MAUPIN 40 Maupin Unit 140 356 1317 156 156 44Maupin Unit 640

Mid-Columbia Private Youth 640T600-series total

Maupin Unit total 356 1,317 156 156 44




43



HOOD 42 North Muzzleloader 100M1 10 90 10 10 100Hood-White River 141A 28 119 6 6 21

Hood Unit 142A 429 1531 91 91 21Hood Unit 142B 13 44 10 10 77

Mid-Columbia Private Youth 640THood Unit /Hood River Valley 642A

600 & 100M-series total 480 1,694Hood Unit total 480 1,784 117 117 24

WHITE RIVER 41 North Muzzleloader 100M1Hood-White River 141A 140 620 1 19 20 14Hood-White River 141B 1840 7525 517 517 28Hood-White River 141C 15 26 8 8 53

Mid-Columbia Private Youth 640TThe Dalles Orchard 641B 12 25 7 7 58

Hood Unit/Hood River Valley 642A

600 & 100M-series total 2,007 8,196 8 544 552 28White River Unit total 2,007 8,196 8 544 552 28

METOLIUS 39 Metolius Unit 139 495 1913 225 225 45Southeast Metolius Muzzleloader 139M1 28 123 3 10 13 46Southeast Metolius Muzzleloader 139M2 20 56 9 9 45

100M-series total 48 179 12 10 22 46Metolius Unit total 543 2,092 12 235 247 45

PAULINA 35 Paulina Unit 135 2752 15409 515 515 19Paulina Muzzleloader 135M 119 427 73 73 61

Paulina Unit total 2,871 15,836 73 515 588 20

UPPER DESCHUTES 34 Upper Deschutes 134 1732 8961 286 286 17

FORT ROCK 77 Fort Rock Unit 177 2956 17049 334 334 11Silver Lake E. Fort Rock 176M 21 94 9 2 11 52

High Cascade Hunt 119A 26 150Fort Rock Unit total 3,003 17,293 9 336 345 11

SILVER LAKE 76 Silver Lake Unit 176 1574 9134 217 217 14Silver Lake E. Fort Rock 176M 11 49 9 9 82

Silver Lake Unit total 1,585 9,183 9 217 226 14

SPRAGUE 33 Sprague Unit 133 461 2560 82 82 18

KLAMATH FALLS 32 Klamath Falls Unit 132 753 3629 228 228 30Klamath Falls Muzzleloader 132M 37 179 13 13 35

Klamath Falls Unit Total 790 3,808 241 241 31

KENO 31 Keno Unit 131 569 2692 133 133 23High Cascade Hunt 119A 13 39

Keno Unit total 582 2,731 133 133 23

INTERSTATE 75 Interstate Unit 175 1265 7117 488 488 39Interstate Unit Youth 675T 34 127 25

Interstate Unit total 1,299 7,244 513 488 38




44



WARNER 74 N Warner Unit 174A 87 396 42 42 48South Warner Unit 174B 195 1293 50 50 26

North Warner Youth Hunt 674T 15 53 4 2 6 40Warner Unit total 297 1,742 4 94 98 33

100-series buck deer total 16,936 85,216 4,199 4,200 25600 & 100M-series total 307 1,223 114 62 176 57

CENTRAL AREA TOTAL 17,243 86,439 114 4,261 4,376 25

BEATYS BUTTE 70 Beatys Butte 170A 242 1130 114 114 47Hart Mt Muzzleloader 170M 17 121 7 7 41

Beatys Butte Unit total 259 1,251 121 121 47

JUNIPER 71 North Juniper 171A 132 683 48 48 36South Juniper 171B 100 452 26 26 26

Hart Mt Muzzleloader 170M 2 10Juniper Muzzleloader 171M 10 63

Harney Basin Agricultural Hunt 679A 15 33 8 8 53Harney Basin Youth 679T 14 32 7 7 50

600 & 100M-series total 41 138 15 15 37Juniper Unit total 273 1,273 15 74 89 33

WAGONTIRE 73 Wagontire Unit 173 277 1433 96 96 35

STEENS MT 69 Steens Mt 169A 323 1499 128 128 40Harney Basin Agricultural Hunt 679A

Harney Basin Youth 679T 2 5 2 2 100600-series total 2 5 2 2 100

Steens Mt Unit total 325 1,504 2 128 130 40

WHITEHORSE 68 Trout Creek Mts 168A 78 370 51 51 65East Whitehorse 168B 248 1112 94 94 38

Northeast Whitehorse Muzzleloader 168M 24 163 5 5 21Rome 667B

600 & 100M-series total 24 163 5 5 21Whitehorse Unit total 350 1,645 150 150 43

OWYHEE 67 Owyhee Unit 167 581 2453 229 229 39Malheur Baker Youth Hunt 651T 28 63 18 18 64

Mitchel Baker Butte 667ARome 667B

Northeast Owyhee 667C 15 44 7 7 47600-series total 43 107 25 25 58

Owyhee Unit total 624 2,560 25 229 254 41

100-series buck deer total 1,981 9,132 786 786 40600 & 100M-series total 127 534 42 12 54 43

HIGH DESERT AREA TOTAL 2,108 9,666 42 798 840 40




45

HARVESTSPIKE & THREE TOTAL

UNITS HUNT 2 PT POINT PLUS DEER

UKIAH 149 Controlled Buck 10 78 88DESOLATION 150 Controlled Buck 12 12 24SUMPTER 151 Controlled Buck 14 14 28STARKEY 152A Controlled Buck 8 8STARKEY (Experimental Forest) 152B Controlled Buck 2 2CATHERINE CREEK 153 Controlled Buck 5 5 10EAST MT EMILY 154A Controlled Buck 6 13 19WEST MT EMILY 154B Controlled Buck 12 41 53WALLA WALLA 155 Controlled Buck 12 31 43WENAHA 156 Controlled Buck 4 4SLED SPRINGS 157 Controlled Buck 86 85 171CHESNIMNUS 158 Controlled Buck 28 28SNAKE RIVER 159 Controlled Buck 6 6MINAM 160 Controlled Buck 11 55 66IMNAHA 161 Controlled Buck 7 7PINE CREEK 162 Controlled Buck 19 19KEATING 163 Controlled BuckLOOKOUT MT 164 Controlled BuckTotal Controlled Buck Season White-Tailed Deer Harvest 176 400 576

White-Tailed Deer Either Sex and Antlerless SeasonsHARVEST

ANTLER- TOTAL TOTALUNITS HUNT LESS BUCK DEER

MINAM Upper Wallowa Valley #2 660A2MINAM Lostine/Allen Canyon 660B 10 10CATHERINE CREEK Union County Muzzleloader 153M 35 74 109CATHERINE CREEK Union County Agriculture 653A 29 29WALLA WALLA Orchards 655AWALLA WALLA Walla Walla River #1 655B1WALLA WALLA Walla Walla River #2 655B2WENAHA N Wenaha-E Sled Muzzleloader 156M 54 42 96SLED SPRINGS Flora 657A1SLED SPRINGS North Wallowa Valley #2 657B2CHESNIMNUS Swamp-Crow Creeks 658AUKIAH North Ukiah #1 649A1UKIAH North Ukiah #2 649A2UKIAH/ MT EMILY/ WALLA WALLA West Blue Mts 649BSUMPTER Sumpter-Unity Agricultural 651ASUMPTER Malheur-Baker Youth 651T 4 4STARKEY Ladd Marsh Bow #1 Youth 652T1STARKEY Ladd Marsh Bow #2 Youth 652T2KEATING Keating Agricultural 663A 2 2White-Tailed Deer Either Sex and Antlerless Hunt Totals 134 116 250

ANTLER- TOTAL TOTALLESS BUCK DEER

TOTAL WHITE-TAILED DEER HARVEST 134 692 826Total havest estimates for each hunt are included in the Eastern Oregon Deer Rifle Season section.Hunts 153M, 156M, 649B, 655A, 655B2, 655B3, 657A1, 657B2, and 660A2 are white-tailed deer only hunts.

2008 WHITE-TAILED DEER

White-Tailed Deer Buck Season



46


UNIT NAME HUNTERS DAYS LESS BUCKS DEER SUCCESS

MINAM 17 104 7 7 41IMNAHA 12 74 5 5 42CATHERINE CREEK 22 127 3 3 14PINE CREEK 13 76 8 8 62KEATING 19 154 5 5 26LOOKOUT MT 8 40 7 7 88

WALLOWA ZONE TOTAL 91 575 35 35 38

MT EMILY 26 197 10 10 38WALLA WALLA 5 12 5 5 100WENAHA 18 204 2 2 11SLED SPRINGS 30 151 18 18 60CHESNIMUS 10 72 2 2 20SNAKE RIVER 3 13

WENAHA-SNAKE RIVER ZONE TOTAL 92 649 37 37 40

UKIAH 62 455 15 15 24DESOLATION 91 665 31 31 34SUMPTER 97 687 30 30 31STARKEY 54 356 9 9 17HEPPNER 101 704 23 23 23FOSSIL 54 265 20 20 37COLUMBIA BASIN 51 193 3 29 32 63

UMATILLA-WHITMAN ZONE TOTAL 510 3,325 3 157 160 31

MURDERERS CREEK 23 235 7 7 30NORTHSIDE 47 387 18 18 38BEULAH 76 557 21 21 28MALHEUR RIVER 53 431 17 17 32SILVIES 25 220 9 9 36MAURY 24 150 5 5 21OCHOCO 58 452 24 24 41GRIZZLY 53 381 10 10 19

OCHOCO-MALHEUR ZONE TOTAL 359 2,813 0 111 111 31

BLUE MOUNTAIN AREA TOTAL 1,052 7,362 3 340 343 33

2008 EASTERN OREGON DEER: HARVEST BY HUNTERS WITH DISABILITIES (ALL WEAPONS)



47


UNIT NAME HUNTERS DAYS LESS BUCKS DEER SUCCESS

BIGGS 24 56 2 17 19 79MAUPIN 5 13 3 3 60HOOD 15 109 5 2 7 47WHITE RIVER 76 502 19 19 25METOLIUS 18 79 9 9 50PAULINA 154 1,253 27 27 18UPPER DESCHUTES 94 658 16 16 17FORT ROCK 176 1,230 19 19 11SILVER LAKE 86 697 12 12 14SPRAGUE 17 131KLAMATH FALLS 28 179 8 8 29KENO 26 185 6 6 23INTERSTATE 56 413 30 30 54WARNER 17 141 2 2 12

CENTRAL AREA TOTAL 792 5,646 7 170 177 22

BEATY'S BUTTE 2 20JUNIPER 5 27WAGONTIRE 5 20 2 2 40STEENS MOUNTAINWHITEHORSE 5 27 2 2 40OWYHEE 10 32 5 5 50

HIGH DESERT AREA TOTAL 27 126 9 9 33

GRAND TOTAL 1,871 13,134 10 519 529 28

2008 EASTERN OREGON DEER: HARVEST BY HUNTERS WITH DISABILITIES (ALL WEAPONS)



48


UNITS BY AREA OR ZONE HUNTERS DAYS LESS BUCK DEER SUCCESS

MINAM 802 4654 19 228 247 31IMNAHA 968 6367 4 331 335 35CATHERINE CREEK 1096 6578 70 248 318 29PINE CREEK 667 5266 192 192 29KEATING 790 4287 40 248 288 36LOOKOUT MT 529 3774 207 207 39

WALLOWA ZONE TOTAL 4,852 30,926 133 1,454 1,587 33

MT EMILY 1368 7825 55 487 542 40WALLA WALLA 353 2010 149 149 42WENAHA 888 5157 78 225 303 34SLED SPRINGS 2164 11314 64 736 800 37CHESNIMNUS 788 5408 196 196 25SNAKE RIVER 397 2172 143 143 36

WENAHA-SNAKE RIVER ZONE TOTAL 5,958 33,886 197 1,936 2,133 36

UKIAH 2194 12893 507 507 23DESOLATION 2520 17751 628 628 25SUMPTER 2314 13354 32 645 677 29STARKEY 2265 17212 47 327 374 17HEPPNER 3385 19957 1007 1,007 30FOSSIL 1980 8934 81 849 930 47COLUMBIA BASIN 1752 6096 16 871 887 51

UMATILLA-WHITMAN ZONE TOTAL 16,410 96,197 176 4,834 5,010 31

MURDERERS CREEK 2055 13583 35 566 601 29NORTHSIDE 2094 12655 65 722 787 38BEULAH 3525 19354 100 1379 1,479 42MALHEUR RIVER 2180 15060 12 654 666 31SILVIES 1866 11679 427 427 23MAURY 907 4659 235 235 26OCHOCO 3414 20009 8 820 828 24GRIZZLY 2108 11353 78 747 825 39

OCHOCO-MALHEUR ZONE TOTAL 18,149 108,352 298 5,550 5,848 32


2008 EASTERN OREGON DEER SEASON - TOTAL ARCHERY AND RIFLE HARVEST



49


UNITS BY AREA OR ZONE HUNTERS DAYS LESS BUCK DEER SUCCESS

BIGGS 1286 3961 816 816 63MAUPIN 405 1562 168 168 41HOOD 553 2493 117 117 21WHITE RIVER 2489 11643 7 643 650 26METOLIUS 1262 7415 23 334 357 28PAULINA 3697 23108 83 576 659 18UPPER DESCHUTES 2492 15033 346 346 14FORT ROCK 3593 22446 9 336 345 10SILVER LAKE 1732 10137 9 229 238 14SPRAGUE 510 3147 82 82 16KLAMATH FALLS 1022 5691 277 277 27KENO 1007 6468 218 218 22INTERSTATE 1657 10474 575 575 35WARNER 468 3197 4 130 134 29

CENTRAL AREA TOTAL 22,173 126,775 135 4,847 4,982 22

BEATYS BUTTE 333 1788 130 130 39JUNIPER 333 1563 15 88 103 31WAGONTIRE 338 2032 96 96 28STEENS MT 367 1652 2 128 130 35WHITEHORSE 477 2487 160 160 34OWYHEE 736 3205 25 253 278 38

HIGH DESERT AREA TOTAL 2,584 12,727 42 855 897 35

Muzzleloader Hunts Totals1 1,076 5,190 192 195 387 36

HUNTERS WITH DISABILITIES2 1,871 13,134 10 519 529 28(This data not included in table above)

EASTERN OREGON ARCHERY ANDRIFLE DEER SEASONS TOTAL3 70,126 408,863 981 19,476 20,457 29

1 Muzzleloader hunts are included in Unit, Area, Zone, and Grand Totals.2 Hunters with disabilities harvest is in addition to all other harvest shown above.3 The Grand Total includes 4,414 archery hunters who also hunted Western Oregon.

2008 EASTERN OREGON DEER SEASON - TOTAL ARCHERY AND RIFLE HARVEST



50

%%

%%

%AN

TLER

-AN

TLER

-%

%AN

TLER

-ANT

LER-

DEER

HUNT

TOTA

L

HUNT

TOTA

LLE

SSLE

SSTO

TAL

HU

NTTO

TAL

LESS

LESS

YEAR

HUNT

ERS

HARV

EST

SUCC

.HU

NTER

SHA

RVES

TSU

CC.H

ARV.

HARV

EST

HARV

EST

HUNT

ERS

HARV

EST

SUCC

.HAR

V.HA

RV.

HARV

.

1952

188,

250

77,8

9741

126,

719

53,0

3042

6820

,570

3961

,531

24,8

6740

325,

210

2119

5523

0,58

513

3,83

458

148,

566

90,1

2661

6737

,752

4281

,919

43,7

0853

3313

,446

3119

6025

9,73

915

7,50

461

141,

102

96,1

2268

6128

,254

2911

0,72

561

,382

5539

20,1

3333

1961

265,

326

163,

939

6214

7,59

797

,951

6660

30,5

3831

101,

971

65,9

8865

4024

,529

3719

6226

3,83

813

9,71

253

143,

580

76,7

7653

5524

,977

3310

8,34

362

,936

5845

21,9

3235

1963

258,

375

117,

619

4613

6,67

664

,678

4755

15,4

0324

105,

603

52,9

4150

4516

,754

3219

6424

9,08

014

3,02

357

148,

215

84,6

6557

5919

,931

2411

0,55

558

,358

5341

18,8

0732

1965

267,

840

119,

369

4514

3,61

871

,637

5060

19,2

4227

108,

281

47,7

3244

4013

,348

2819

6627

0,77

014

7,97

555

147,

975

88,5

1660

6022

,821

2611

0,38

459

,459

5440

14,6

8725

1967

272,

150

142,

000

5215

3,95

087

,180

5761

29,5

1834

109,

250

54,8

2050

3915

,089

2819

6828

4,60

015

1,38

053

163,

260

89,0

2055

5923

,374

2611

1,94

062

,360

5641

16,5

8627

1969

264,

900

101,

500

3816

6,35

068

,860

4168

14,2

6521

88,8

5032

,640

3732

5,75

718

1970

282,

000

101,

600

3618

0,15

072

,200

4071

14,4

5320

92,0

5029

,400

3229

4,34

715

1971

279,

200

87,8

0031

162,

180

47,2

4029

547,

840

1710

9,12

040

,560

3746

7,99

020

1972

245,

770

73,4

0030

110,

700

29,3

8027

4098

012

7,20

044

,020

3560

7,97

018

1973

296,

290

103,

470

3512

4,04

041

,340

3340

620

153,

360

62,1

3041

6019

,099

3119

7428

6,56

076

,400

2711

8,98

030

,960

2641

1,01

83

155,

420

45,4

4029

5910

,511

2319

7525

1,93

054

,980

2211

2,43

023

,620

2143

390

215

1,43

031

,360

2157

2,23

07

1976

246,

850

80,7

0033

116,

980

44,0

3038

553,

630

812

2,00

036

,670

3045

4,53

012

1977

292,

470

129,

120

4414

1,74

079

,650

5662

9,40

012

127,

460

49,4

7039

3810

,844

2219

7831

5,38

212

4,00

139

152,

029

60,1

9740

4919

,386

3213

5,93

563

,804

4751

21,5

7234

1979

300,

982

99,7

2333

140,

098

44,6

1932

456,

806

1516

0,88

455

,104

3455

14,8

0827

1980

312,

437

112,

245

3614

5,30

956

,461

3950

12,7

2823

166,

404

55,7

8434

5017

,360

3119

8131

7,47

312

1,99

938

151,

053

71,3

6447

5814

,764

2116

6,42

050

,635

3042

13,8

9427

1982

301,

181

85,2

3128

138,

591

37,0

7727

445,

486

1516

2,59

048

,154

3056

11,6

3124

1983

278,

335

81,4

7329

119,

314

32,6

0427

4010

20

159,

021

48,8

6931

6013

,188

2719

84

NO

HU

NTE

R S

UR

VEY

CO

ND

UC

TED

1985

275,

356

81,6

9630

107,

352

34,2

2832

422,

065

616

8,00

447

,468

2858

11,3

4124

1986

276,

053

81,8

2030

119,

968

41,8

4435

516,

310

1515

6,08

539

,976

2649

9,63

324

1987

254,

138

83,2

6533

123,

569

41,2

8033

506,

928

1713

0,56

941

,985

3250

12,4

4430

1988

259,

349

83,9

4332

118,

264

43,3

2837

529,

767

2314

1,08

540

,615

2948

9,48

023

1989

248,

518

72,3

7429

99,0

8925

,905

2636

3,58

314

149,

429

46,4

6931

6411

,588

2519

9027

4,28

190

,646

3310

4,74

536

,688

3540

3,83

810

169,

536

53,9

5832

6015

,549

2919

9125

4,82

578

,089

3190

,661

35,3

2639

454,

792

1416

4,16

442

,763

2655

12,2

9829

DEER

HUN

TING

TRE

NDS

1952

- 20

08

STAT

EWID

EM

ULE

DEER

BLAC

K-TA

ILED

DEE

R



51

%%

%%

%AN

TLER

-AN

TLER

-%

%AN

TLER

-ANT

LER-

DEER

HUNT

TOTA

L

HUNT

TOTA

LLE

SSLE

SSTO

TAL

HU

NTTO

TAL

LESS

LESS

YEA R

HUNT

ERS

HARV

EST

SUCC

.HUN

TERS

HARV

EST

SUCC

.HAR

V.HA

RVES

THA

RVES

THU

NTER

SHA

RVES

TSU

CC.H

ARV.

HARV

.HA

RV.

1992

247,

996

92,3

3637

91,5

1838

,749

4242

5,36

214

156,

478

53,5

8734

5813

,472

2519

9323

7,82

457

,980

2476

,904

18,0

2723

312,

226

1216

0,92

039

,953

2569

10,1

8325

1994

234,

816

70,8

4830

74,4

4228

,315

3840

3,04

011

160,

374

42,5

3327

608,

961

2119

9522

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1996

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265

165

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455,

303

1814

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1997

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1999

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2001

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STAT

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1952

- 20

08



52


Big Game Statistics: Elk

53

ELK: Table of Contents

OverviewLife history ........................................................................................................ 54Distribution ....................................................................................................... 55Management ..................................................................................................... 55Chronic wasting disease (CWD) ......................................................................... 56

2009 Statistical ReportsRoosevelt elk herd composition report ............................................................... 57Roosevelt elk population trends report .............................................................. 58

Rocky mountain elk herd composition report .................................................... 59Rocky mountain elk population trends report .................................................... 60

Roosevelt elk and cascade archery seasons ........................................................ 61Roosevelt elk and cascade rifl e seasons ............................................................. 63Roosevelt elk and cascades: harvest by hunters with disabilities (all weapons) ..... 69Roosevelt elk and cascades: total archery and rifl e harvest ................................. 70

Rocky mountain elk archery harvest ................................................................... 71Rocky mountain elk rifl e seasons ....................................................................... 73Rocky mountain elk: harvest by hunters with disabilities (all weapons) ............... 81Rocky mountain elk: total archery and rifl e harvest ............................................ 83

Elk hunting trends ............................................................................................. 85



54

Overview


Salem, OR 97303

www.dfw.state.or.us

Elk

Two sub-species of elk (Cervus elaphus) reside in Oregon. The Rocky Mountain (C. e.

nelsoni) subspecies is found east of the Cascades, while Roosevelt elk (C. e. roosevelti)

are distributed throughout the Coast and Cascade Ranges of western Oregon. Elk

occur throughout the state of Oregon, but are most abundant in the Blue and Wallowa

Mountains and in the northern Coast Range and least abundant in the southeastern

high desert region. Roosevelt elk are typically larger and darker in color, and bulls have

more massive antlers and a narrower spread than Rocky Mountain elk. Variation among

individuals within the two subspecies often makes identifi cation diffi cult.

Although elk are now fi rmly established in Oregon, this has not always been the case.

Numbers were so low at the turn of the century due to market hunting for meat,

teeth, and antlers that all hunting was prohibited from 1908-1932. Protection and

management resulted in the increase and spread of elk populations until hunting again

became possible by 1933.

Management strategies have evolved as habitat conditions, hunter participation, and

elk populations changed over the years. In order to measure proper hunter numbers

and elk harvest goals, management objectives for elk numbers for each management

unit were established in 1981.

Attempting to restore or maintain mature bulls in herds throughout the state, while still

controlling overall populations, has had several impacts on hunters. Limited entry units

often mean hunters must be fl exible and willing to try new areas, spike-only hunts, or

antlerless hunts in order to hunt elk every year.

Life History

Elk breeding behavior involves a complex social system, which revolves around mature

bulls gathering harems. This complex process may be altered if bull:cow ratios and/

or mature bull:yearling bull ratios become skewed. Studies of Roosevelt elk in western

Oregon and Rocky Mountain elk in northeastern Oregon indicate that fewer than 10

older bulls/100 cows during the breeding season can cause delays in conception, affect

conception rates, and may contribute to reduced calf survival.

The time of breeding for elk in Oregon typically extends from late August through

mid-November. Most cows, however, are bred during a shorter time period, mostly by

mid-October. Information collected in a recent study in northeastern Oregon indicates



55

that when breeding is done primarily by mature bulls

(3 ½ years or older) the range of breeding dates is

shortened and the median breeding date is up to two

weeks earlier.

Reproductive success is closely related to nutrition,

body condition, physical health, and age of females.

Cows in good body condition during breeding are

more likely to conceive, and calf survival will generally

be higher than for cows that are nutritionally stressed.

Calves born early with higher birth weights typically

have a better chance of surviving.

Adult cow elk that have nutritious forage available to

them typically produce a calf each year. Roosevelt elk

cows in the coastal areas of Oregon typically produce

a calf every other year. Reduced levels of physical

condition and lower pregnancy rate of lactating cows

indicate that the nutritional base in western Oregon is

not suffi cient to allow many of the lactating cows to

breed in successive years.

Distribution

Quality, quantity, and arrangement of several

habitat components affect the distribution of elk.

Availability and distribution of food, water, shelter,

space, and harassment due to human activities

ultimately determine the number of elk an area can

produce and the amount of recreation that can be

provided. Migratory herds need high quality forage

on transitional winter and summer ranges. Resident

herds must fi nd sources of quality forage within their

herd range.

During summer, elk use damp sites such as meadows

and riparian areas, which offer nutritious forage,

and moist, cool places for escaping summer heat

and insects. Winter survival is primarily dependent

on fat stores; thus, quality summer forage is at least

as important as adequate winter food for over-

winter survival. Elk require a mosaic of early forage-

producing stages and later cover-forming stages

of forest development -- both in close proximity. In

western Oregon, Roosevelt elk utilize forest clearcuts

heavily. In many areas, elk will seek out fertilized

meadows, pastures, and crops such as alfalfa.

Vegetation in high rainfall zones generally lack

nutritional quality as compared to mineral-rich ranges

in eastern Oregon. Changes in ownership patterns,

societal attitudes, forest management, and increases

in road-building on public lands have encouraged elk

to move out of forested habitats on public land to

private lands in some areas. In northeastern Oregon,

most summer ranges for elk are on public lands,

whereas winter ranges largely are on private lands.

Herein lies the source of most complaints of damage

to crops and property. While new opportunities are

emerging for hunters, ranchers and farmers can

experience serious damage to crops when elk become

resident on their land.

Management

Elk management involves a variety of steps, which

include 1) establishing management objectives, 2)

regulating hunting seasons, 3) maintaining and

improving habitat, and 4) monitoring harvest and

elk populations. Successful management requires

consideration of both biological and social issues

during the decision-making process.

The Oregon Fish & Wildlife Commission adopted

a minimum statewide postseason ratio of 10 bulls

per 100 cows in 1992. A 3-tiered bull management

system provides a diversity of hunting opportunities

with 10, 15, or 20 bulls/100 cows post season.

Various management techniques are recommended

to reach bull escapement objectives. These include

controlled-entry bull hunting, spike-only seasons, and

changes in season timing. Population management

objectives were revised in 2005 for each Big Game

Unit to maintain elk numbers at levels compatible

with their habitat and agricultural considerations.

Annual inventories are conducted to determine

population trend and herd composition (sex and

age ratios). This information is typically collected



56

from fi xed wing aircraft or helicopter. Some herd

composition data is collected from the ground.

Composition and trend information are collected

from February through early April. Each animal is

classifi ed as bull, cow, or calf, and bull antler class

is recorded. This data is later converted to the

number of bulls and calves per 100 cows. Herd

composition is one measure of bull and calf survival.

Low bull:cow ratios generally indicate excessive bull

harvest, and low calf:cow ratios suggest poor calf

survival. Population trend is an index to the end-of-

winter population size. Trend data is expanded to a

population estimate, which is compared to population

management objectives (MOs) for each unit and used

along with herd composition data for recommending

hunting season regulations. Collecting reproductive

tracts, udders, and teeth from harvested antlerless elk

in selected units helps ODFW monitor reproduction

and the age structure of the population. Pregnancy

rates, average age of females, and number of

lactating cows (indicating that they raised a calf) are

estimated from these collections.

Computer modeling of elk populations is used

extensively to assist in making management decisions.

All factors affecting reproduction and mortality,

such as weather, harvest, natural mortality, and

habitat, are considered in this process. Models allow

managers to look at several years of harvest, calf

survival, and bull ratios to determine the appropriate

level of tags to meet management objectives for bull

escapement and winter population.

Oregon consistently ranks among the top three

western states for elk numbers, hunter numbers, and

elk harvest. Hunter success for bull and antlerless

hunts combined remains fairly stable annually. The

wetter climate in western Oregon creates brushy,

heavily timbered habitat broken only by clearcuts,

while eastern Oregon has much more open country

with less underbrush, and more snow to help in

tracking elk. More detailed information regarding elk

can be found in Oregon’s Elk Management Plan on

the department’s Web site.

Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD)

CWD has not been detected in any Oregon samples

obtained since testing began in 1996. Regulations are

in place to help prevent CWD from being brought to

Oregon from animals harvested in CWD states (see

regulations).



57

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58

WATERSHED MILES ELKUNIT DISTRICT TRAVELED OBSERVED 2009 2008 2007 BENCHMARK

SCAPPOOSE N WILLAMETTE -- -- -- -- -- --SADDLE MT N COAST -- -- -- -- -- 2.4WILSON N COAST -- -- -- -- -- 2.6TRASK N COAST -- -- -- -- -- 1.5ALSEA N COAST -- -- -- -- -- 16.1SIUSLAW -- -- -- 0.3 -- --

NORTH COAST -- -- -- 0.3 -- --

E TIOGA UMPQUA 75 237 3.2 3.6 3.05 2.0 W TIOGA UMPQUA 300 174 0.6 0.5 0.88 1.5TIOGA UMPQUA 375 446 1.2 1.1 1.31 1.7SIXES UMPQUA 500 791 1.6 0.4 -- 1.0POWERS UMPQUA 750 320 0.4 0.4 0.77 1.2CHETCO ROGUE -- 258.0 -- -- -- 1.5

SOUTHWEST 1625.0 1815.0 0.8 0.5 0.5 --

SANTIAM S WILLAMETTE -- -- -- -- -- --MCkENZIE S WILLAMETTE -- -- -- -- -- 9.6 N INDIGO S WILLAMETTE -- -- -- -- -- 10.2 S INDIGO UMPQUA 200 618 3.1 1.3 0.66 2.1INDIGO 200 618 3.1 1 0.66 3.3DIXON UMPQUA 390 670 1.7 1.3 0.76 2.5EVANS CR ROGUE -- 262.0 -- -- -- --ROGUE ROGUE -- 885.0 -- -- -- 2.6

CASCADES 590.0 2435.0 0.8 0.4 0.2 --

ROOSEVELT ELK GRAND TOTAL 2215.0 4250.0 0.5 0.4 0.3 --

ROOSEVELT ELK POPULATION TRENDS REPORT

ELK PER MILE



59

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60

WATERSHED MILES ELK UNIT DISTRICT TRAVELED OBSERVED 2009 2008 2007 BENCHMARK

MINAM GRANDE RONDE 200 1,536 7.7 1.0 1.0 8.1IMNAHA GRANDE RONDE 200 1,500 7.5 1.0 1.0 3.0CATHERINE CR GRANDE RONDE 125.0 1,182.0 9.5 11.6 4.7 4.0KEATING GRANDE RONDE 75.0 217 2.9 1.8 2.1 3.0PINE CR GRANDE RONDE 90.0 454 5.0 7.5 5.4 3.0LOOKOUT MT GRANDE RONDE -- 499 -- -- -- 1.8

WALLOWA ZONE 690.0 5,388 6.5 4.6 2.8 4.6

SNAKE RIVER GRANDE RONDE 200 3,727 18.6 19.1 16.5 15.0CHESNIMNUS GRANDE RONDE 302 3,981 13.2 10.9 10.3 9.2SLED SPRINGS GRANDE RONDE 170 1,401 8.2 10.1 9.9 12.0WENAHA GRANDE RONDE 219 1,142 5.2 5.8 5.5 18.0WALLA WALLA* JOHN DAY -- -- -- -- -- 20.0MT EMILY* JOHN DAY 20 221 -- -- -- 25.0

WENAHA-SNAKE ZONE 911.0 10,472 11.3 11.5 10.6 14.6

STARKEY GRANDE RONDE 126 4,292 34.1 23.4 36.0 33.7UKIAH* JOHN DAY -- -- -- -- -- 46.3SUMPTER GRANDE RONDE -- 1,799 -- -- -- 3.8DESOLATION JOHN DAY 94.0 914 9.7 12.7 -- 6.0HEPPNER JOHN DAY 112 5,541 49.5 42.1 25.2 20.0FOSSIL JOHN DAY 202 1,674 8.3 10.5 7.0 4.0

UMATILLA-WHITMAN ZONE 534.0 14,220 25.4 22.2 22.7 18.4

NORTHSIDE JOHN DAY -- 2,399 -- -- -- 4.8MURDERERS CR JOHN DAY -- 1,471 -- -- -- 4.9W. BEULAH JOHN DAY -- 74 -- -- -- 3.8E. BEULAH MALHEUR -- 435 -- -- -- --MALHEUR RIVER MALHEUR 131 1,239 9.5 5.8 4.7 --SILVIES MALHEUR 150 2,368 15.8 14.1 13.4 --OCHOCO DESCHUTES 241 1,322 5.5 9.0 7.1 4.3GRIZZLY DESCHUTES 78 594 7.6 2.8 6.1 8.9MAURY DESCHUTES 170 252 1.5 3.1 6.5 2.1

OCHOCO-MALHEUR ZONE 770.0 10,154 8.0 7.0 7.6 4.5

WHITE RIVER DESCHUTES 108 411 3.8 2.4 3.6 2.3MAUPIN/BIGGS DESCHUTES 100 155 1.6 -- -- --STEENS MT MALHEUR 65 98 1.5 -- 2.6 --

ROCKY MT ELK GRAND TOTAL 3,178.0 40,898 2.3 2.4 3.1 10.3* No miles are given because a fixed route has not been used since 1996 when the April fixed wing census flight was eliminated. The elk count data is collected during the early March composition helicopter flights.

ROCKY MOUNTAIN ELK POPULATION TRENDS REPORT

ELK PER MILE



61


UNITS SEASON HUNTERS DAYS LESS BULL ELK SUCCESS

SADDLE MT Early General 1521 14774 111 123 234 15SCAPPOOSE Early General 543 3925 25 49 74 14WILSON Early General 864 6652 73 73 8

Wilson Unit total 864 6,652 0 73 73 8TRASK Early General 1291 11656 49 111 160 12WILLAMETTE Early General 284 1666 12STOTT MT Early General 309 2086 12 12 4

Late General 518 1851Stott Mt Unit total 827 3,937 12 0 12 1

ALSEA Early General 1153 9311 25 111 136 12Late General 962 3912 37 37 4

Alsea Unit total 2,115 13,223 62 111 173 8SIUSLAW Early General 340 2958 25 12 37 11

NORTH COAST AREA TOTAL 7,785 58,791 284 491 775 10

MELROSE Early General 128 1230TIOGA Early General 1475 13221 49 94 143 10

Lake Creek 224R 70 261 2 2 3Tioga Unit total 1,545 13,482 51 94 145 9

SIXES Early General 234 3147 87 87 37POWERS Early General 15 72

Powers 226R 38 445 3 9 12 32Powers Unit total 53 517 3 9 12 23

CHETCO Early General 93 438 12 12 13APPLEGATE Early General 37 173


SANTIAM Early General 1859 16689 25 76 101 5Late General 1055 5416 0 0

Santiam Unit total 2,914 22,105 25 76 101 3McKENZIE Early General 1009 8068 37 37 0.4

Late General 1046 4713 28 28 3McKenzie Unit total 2,055 12,781 28 37 65 3

INDIGO Early General 923 9678 25 48 73 8Late General 768 4036 0 0

Indigo Unit total 1,691 13,714 25 48 73 4DIXON Early General 511 4599 37 24 61 12EVANS CREEK Early General 111 975ROGUE Early General 1010 7915 50 50 5

West Rogue 230R 40 210Rogue Unit total 1,050 8,125 0 50 50 5

2008 ROOSEVELT ELK AND CASCADE ARCHERY SEASONS



62



KENO Early General 275 2436SPRAGUE Early General 65 509UPPER DESCHUTES Early General 408 3173METOLIUS Early General 204 1672FORT ROCK Early General 529 4335 24 24 5

CASCADE AREA TOTAL 9,813 74,424 115 259 374 4

ROOSEVELT ELK AND CASCADE ARCHERY SEASON TOTAL1,2 19,688 152,202 453 952 1,405 7

1 Includes 3,011 archery hunters who also hunted in Eastern Oregon2 Grand Total includes 3,925 archery hunters who hunted both the early and late seasons in western Oregon.

2008 ROOSEVELT ELK AND CASCADE ARCHERY SEASONS



63


UNITS BY AREA OR ZONE OR HUNT HUNTERS DAYS LESS BULL ELK SUCCESS

SADDLE MT 10 Saddle Mt Unit 210 47 183 26 26 55Saddle Mt Unit #1 210X 1262 4206 166 166 13Saddle Mt Unit #2 210Y 1157 6090 184 184 16

Onion Peak #1 210A1 14 56 14 14 100Onion Peak #2 210A2 19 54 17 17 89

Lewis & Clark #1 210B1 42 107 39 39 93Lewis & Clark #2 210B2 47 151 39 39 83

Upper Nehalem 210C 74 424 54 54 73Lower Columbia 210D 19 179 11 11 58

Youngs River 210E 34 556 19 19 56Camp McGregor #1 210F1 20 72 17 17 85Camp McGregor #2 210F2 21 70 19 19 90Miami-Nehalem #1 212A1 4 24 4 4 100Miami-Nehalem #2 212A2 2 9Miami-Nehalem #3 212A3 4 38

North Fork Nehalem Muzzleloader 212M 8 48Misc CH total 355 1,971 259 259 73

Saddle Mt Unit total 2,774 12,267 259 350 609 22

SCAPPOOSE 11 GENERAL COAST 1 652 2170 95 95 15GENERAL COAST 2 1158 4637 80 80 7

South Scappoose #1 211A1 86 1489 41 41 48South Scappoose #2 211A2 27 230 14 14 52South Scappoose #3 211A3 25 164 14 14 56

North Central Scappoose 211B 96 1278 65 65 68Scappoose Unit Youth 211T 28 106 6 6 21

Upper Nehalem 210C 11 121 11 11 100Misc CH total 273 3,388 151 151 55

Scappoose Unit total 2,083 10,195 151 175 326 16

WILSON 12 GENERAL COAST 1 1945 6142 167 167 9GENERAL COAST 2 790 2865 59 59 7

Wilson Unit 212 32 99 14 14 44Miami-Nehalem #1 212A1 18 122 11 11 61Miami-Nehalem #2 212A2 16 149 7 7 44Miami-Nehalem #3 212A3 11 38 4 4 36

Lower Kilchis 212B 27 391 11 11 41Buick Canyon 212C 20 115 8 8 40

North Fork Nehalem Muzzleloader 212M 8 86Onion Peak #1 210A1 11 28 11 11 100Onion Peak #2 210A2 4 15 4 4 100

Misc CH total 147 1,043 70 0 70 48Wilson Unit total 2,882 10,050 70 226 296 10

2008 ROOSEVELT ELK AND CASCADE RIFLE SEASONS



64



TRASK 14 GENERAL COAST 1 2964 9795 214 214 7GENERAL COAST 2 1467 5853 123 123 8

Trask Unit 214 41 248 25 25 61West Trask 214A 204 2757 140 140 69Wind River 214B 38 827 18 18 47

Beaver Creek 214C 44 850 26 26 59Pike 214D 47 506 24 24 51

Northeast Trask #1 214E1 65 740 27 27 42Northeast Trask #2 214E2 16 74 11 11 69Northeast Trask #3 214E3 18 170 10 10 56

Panther Creek 214F 22 117 9 9 41Salmon River Estuary 214G 11 41 2 2 18

Northeast Trask Muzzleloader 214M 28 116 6 2 8 29Misc CH total 534 6,446 298 2 300 56

Trask Unit total 4,965 22,094 298 339 637 13

STOTT MT 17 GENERAL COAST 1 486 1423 48 48 10GENERAL COAST 2 678 2753 21 21 3

East Stott Mt #1 217A1 30 92 2 2 7East Stott Mt #2 217A2 38 335 11 11 29

West Stott Mt 217B 44 136 5 5 11Lower Siletz-Salmon River 217C 32 190 21 21 66

Upper Siletz River 217D 44 253 26 26 59East Thompson Creek 218E 13 161 3 3 23Salmon River Estuary 214G 2 6 0 0

Misc CH total 203 1,173 68 68 33Stott Mt Unit total 1,367 5,349 68 69 137 10

ALSEA 18 GENERAL COAST 1 1672 5431 143 143 9GENERAL COAST 2 2049 8894 176 176 9

North Alsea 218A 67 273 38 38 57Southwest Alsea 218B 50 133 20 20 40Southeast Alsea 218C 30 145 15 15 50

Central Alsea 218D 97 333 50 50 52Thompson Creek 218E 21 219 8 8 38

Yachats 218F 11 48 9 9 82Long Tom-Bellfountain 218G 14 154 10 10 71

Airlie-Lewisburg #1 218H1 53 864 12 12 23Airlie-Lewisburg #2 218H2 26 371 3 3 12

North Fork Siuslaw River 218J 11 96 5 5 45West Kings Valley 218K 33 573 18 18 55

Tum Tum 218L 25 227 13 13 52Klickitat Mt 218M

Willamette Unit Plus 215A 2 8 2 2 100Misc CH total 440 3,444 201 2 203 46

Alsea Unit total 4,161 17,769 201 321 522 13




65



SIUSLAW 20 GENERAL COAST 1 783 2336 72 72 9GENERAL COAST 2 571 2246 21 21 4

Noti-Saginaw 220A 25 194 11 11 44Elkton 220B 45 487 19

West Siuslaw 220C 59 547 23 23 39Misc CH total 129 1,228 53 53 41

Siuslaw Unit total 1,483 5,810 53 93 146 10

WILLAMETTE 15 GENERAL COAST 1 107 308GENERAL COAST 2 96 347 5 5 5

Willamette Unit Plus 215A 150 1938 18 24 42 28Muddy Creek 215B 36 300 13 13 36

Sandy 216D 9 233 2 2 22Misc CH total 195 2,471 33 24 57 29

Willamette Unit total 398 3,126 33 29 62 16

General Coast 1 & early CH bull 9,871 31,811 905 905 9General Coast 2 & late CH bull 7,966 33,685 669 669 8

Misc CH total 2,276 21,164 1,133 28 1,161 51

NORTH COAST AREA TOTAL 20,113 86,660 1,133 1,602 2,735 14

MELROSE 23 GENERAL COAST 1 213 498 24 24 11GENERAL COAST 2 283 950 5 5 2

Melrose Plus 223A 287 4260 104 104 36Melrose Unit total 783 5,708 104 29 133 17

TIOGA 24 Tioga Unit #1 224X 1340 5209 107 107 8Tioga Unit #2 224Y1 1407 9089 109 109 8Tioga Private 224Y2 51 378 39 39 76

Sitkum 224A 23 71 16 16 70Callahan 224B 37 140 12 12 32

Old Blue #1 224C1 32 101 7 7 22Old Blue #2 224C2 35 121 27 27 77

Elliot Muzzleloader 224M 38 177 8 4 12 32Lake Creek Youth 224T1Ash Valley Youth 224T2

Callahan Youth 224T3 26 72 5 5 19Old Blue 224T4 59 213 32 32 54

Melrose Plus 223A 25 358 11 11 44Misc CH total 275 1,253 118 4 122 44

Tioga Unit total 3,073 15,929 157 220 377 12

SIXES 25 Sixes Unit #1 225X 103 310 49 49 48Sixes Unit #2 225Y 112 525 52 52 46

North Sixes 225A 67 805 41 41 61Curry Private 225B

Misc CH total 67 805 41 41 61Sixes Unit total 282 1,640 41 101 142 50




66



POWERS 26 Powers Unit #1 226X 219 814 24 24 11Powers Unit #2 226Y 78 440 21 21 27Bone Mt Youth 226T

Melrose Plus 223A 11 270 6 6 55Misc CH total 11 270 6 6 55

Powers Unit total 308 1,524 6 45 51 17

CHETCO 27 Chetco Unit #1 227X 61 200 17 17 28Chetco Unit #2 227Y 56 351 22 22 39

Curry Private 225BChetco Unit total 117 551 39 39 33

APPLEGATE 28 GENERAL COAST 1 47 178GENERAL COAST 2 37 96

Southeast Evans Cr 229AApplegate Unit total 84 274

General Coast 1 & early CH bull 1,983 7,209 221 221 11General Coast 2 & late CH bull 2,024 11,829 39 209 248 12

Misc CH total 640 6,588 269 4 273 43


SANTIAM 16 GENERAL CASCADE 2923 12650 124 124 4Southwest Santiam #1 216B1 104 468 36 36 35Southwest Santiam #2 216B2 43 430 16 16 37Southwest Santiam #3 216B3 35 407 16 16 46

Molalla 216C 122 1679 53 53 43Sandy 216D 74 886 25 25 34

Southwest Santiam Youth 216T 33 141 2 6 8 24Northwest Cascade Muzzleloader 200M1 134 740 12 2 14 10

CH total 545 4,751 160 8 168 31Santiam Unit total 3,468 17,401 160 132 292 8

McKENZIE 19 GENERAL CASCADE 2020 8023 45 45 2Mohawk 219A 51 156 4 4 8

Southwest McKenzie 219B 41 150 7 7 17Northwest McKenzie #1 219C1 7 36Northwest McKenzie #2 219C2 12 200 4 4 33

Wendling 219D 35 299 15 15 43Horse Rock 219E 31 413 7 7 23

Scott Mt 219F 21 270 3 3 14Norton Cr 219G 11 42 6 6 55

McKenzie Unit Youth 219T 51 187Northwest Cascade Muzzleloader 200M1 202 969 6 12 18 9

CH total 462 2,722 52 12 64 14McKenzie Unit total 2,482 10,745 52 57 109 4




67



INDIGO 21 GENERAL CASCADE 2257 10551 125 125 6Northwest Indigo 221A 69 350 22 22 32

Cougar Mt-Taylor Bt 221B 21 204 9 9 43Sutherlin 221C 42 417 13 13 31

Steamboat 221D 19 77 4 4 21North Indigo Youth 221T1 36 166 5 5 14

Sutherlin Youth 221T2 37 213 7 7 19Toketee 222B 9 41 5 5 56

Melrose Plus 223A 17 245 8 8 47Northwest Cascades Muzzleloader 200M1 221 1252 25 2 27 12Southwest Cascades Muzzleloader 200M2 110 606 8 8 7

CH total 581 3,571 106 2 108 19Indigo Unit total 2,838 14,122 106 127 233 8

DIXON 22 GENERAL CASCADE 1783 8170 101 101 6Tiller 222A 25 192 9 9 36

Toketree 222B 14 35 5 5 36South Umpqua Youth 222T1 28 134 8 8 29

Cavitt Creek Youth 222T2 7 34Melrose Plus 223A 11 76 3 3 27West Rogue 230A 2 10

Southwest Cascades Muzzleloader 200M2 134 721 16 6 22 16CH total 221 1,202 41 6 47 21

Dixon Unit total 2,004 9,372 41 107 148 7

EVANS CREEK 29 GENERAL CASCADE 214 779 23 23 11Southeast Evans Cr 229A 39 760 4 4 10

Tiller 222A 5 81Melrose Plus 223A

Southwest Cascades Muzzleloader 200M2 8 37CH total 52 878 4 4 8

Evans Creek Unit total 266 1,657 4 23 27 10

ROGUE 30 GENERAL CASCADE 2415 10122 90 90 4West Rogue 230A 86 1040 51 51 59

Rogue Unit Youth 230T1 83 440 27 27 33West Rogue Unit Youth 230T2 20 303 17

Southwest Cascade Muzzleloader 200M2 320 1723 24 5 29 9CH total 509 3,506 119 5 107 21

Rogue Unit total 2,924 13,628 119 95 214 7

KENO 31 GENERAL CASCADE 621 2900

SPRAGUE 33 GENERAL CASCADE 45 260

UPPER DESCHUTES 34 GENERAL CASCADE 1569 6917Little River 234A 30 269 11 11 37

Tumalo 234B 11 69East Cascade Muzzleloader 234M 103 673 12 12 12

CH total 144 1,011 23 23 16Upper Deschutes Unit total 1,713 7,928 23 23 1

GRIZZLY 38 East Cascade Muzzleloader 234M




68



METOLIUS 39 GENERAL CASCADE 688 2945 22 22 3Tumalo 234B 43 461 11 11 26

East Cascade Muzzleloader 234M 23 115 2 2 4 17Metolius Unit total 754 3,521 13 24 37 5

FORT ROCK 77 GENERAL CASCADE 293 1388East Cascade Muzzleloader 234M 16 126

Fort Rock Unit total 309 1,514

General Season Total 14,828 64,705 530 530 4West Cascade Muzzleloader 200M 1,129 6,048 91 27 118 10East Cascade Muzzleloader 234M 142 914 14 2 16 11

CH total (Includes muzzleloader hunts) 2,596 18,343 518 35 553 21

CASCADE AREA TOTAL 17,424 83,048 518 565 1,083 6

ROOSEVELT ELK AND CASCADE AREA RIFLE TOTALS

General Coast 1 & early CH bull 11,854 39,020 1,126 1,126 9General Coast 2 & late CH bull 9,990 45,514 39 878 917 9

Coast Misc CH total 2,916 27,752 1,402 32 1,434 49Cascade General season total 14,828 64,705 530 530 4

Cascade CH total 2,596 18,343 518 35 553 21

ROOSEVELT ELK AND CASCADERIFLE SEASONS TOTAL 42,184 195,334 1,959 2,601 4,560 11




69


UNIT NAME HUNTERS DAYS LESS BULLS ELK SUCCESS

SADDLE MT 204 759 77 8 85 42SCAPPOOSE 97 378 10 2 12 12WILSON 226 922 40 12 52 23TRASK 287 1,212 61 10 71 25STOTT MT 77 303 6 2 8 10ALSEA 269 1,058 45 4 49 18SIUSLAW 93 348 8 8 9WILLAMETTE 18 75 2 2 11

NORTH COAST AREA TOTAL 1,271 5,055 247 40 287 23

MELROSE 19 61 0TIOGA 276 1,351 67 12 79 29SIXES 2 10 0POWERS 13 47 2 2 15CHETCO 4 26 0APPLEGATE

SOUTH COAST AREA TOTAL 314 1,495 67 14 81 26

SANTIAM 149 785 4 2 6 4McKENZIE 139 650 8 4 12 9INDIGO 169 847 17 2 19 11DIXON 90 459 4 4 8 9EVANS CREEK 24 183ROGUE 160 734 8 2 10 6KENO 26 132UPPER DESCHUTES 68 365 4 4 6METOLIUS 13 81

CASCADE AREA TOTAL 838 4,236 41 18 59 7

ROOSEVELT ELK AND CASCADESEASON TOTAL 2,423 10,786 355 72 427 18

2008 ROOSEVELT ELK AND CASCADES: HARVEST BY HUNTERS WITH DISABILITIES (ALL WEAPONS)



70


UNITS BY AREA HUNTERS DAYS LESS BULL ELK SUCCESS

SADDLE MT 4295 27041 370 473 843 20SCAPPOOSE 2626 14120 176 224 400 15WILSON 3746 16702 70 299 369 10TRASK 6256 33750 347 450 797 13STOTT MT 2194 9286 80 69 149 7ALSEA 6276 30992 263 432 695 11SIUSLAW 1823 8768 78 105 183 10WILLAMETTE 682 4792 33 41 74 11

NORTH COAST AREA TOTAL 27,898 145,451 1,417 2,093 3,510 13

MELROSE 911 6938 104 29 133 15TIOGA 4618 29411 208 314 522 11SIXES 516 4787 41 188 229 44POWERS 361 2041 9 54 63 17CHETCO 210 989 51 51 24APPLEGATE 121 447


SANTIAM 6382 39506 185 208 393 6McKENZIE 4537 23526 80 94 174 4INDIGO 4529 27836 131 175 306 7DIXON 2515 13971 78 131 209 8EVANS CREEK 377 2632 4 23 27 7ROGUE 3974 21753 119 145 264 7KENO 896 5336SPRAGUE 110 769UPPER DESCHUTES 2121 11101 23 23 1GRIZZLYMETOLIUS 958 5193 13 24 37 4FORT ROCK 838 5849 24 24 3

CASCADE AREA TOTAL 27,237 157,472 633 824 1,457 5

Muzzleloader Total 1,353 7,389 119 35 154 11(Subtotal included in above Area Totals)

Hunters with Disabilities1 2,423 10,786 355 72 427 18(This data is not included in above table)

ROOSEVELT ELK AND CASCADESEASON TOTAL2,3 64,295 358,322 2,767 3,625 6,392 101 Hunters with disabilities harvest is in addition to all other harvest shown above.2 Includes 3,011 archery hunters who also hunted in Eastern Oregon.3 Grand Total includes 3,925 archery hunters who hunted both the early and late seasons in western Oregon.

2008 ROOSEVELT ELK AND CASCADES: TOTAL ARCHERY AND RIFLE HARVEST



71



MINAM 60 GENERAL 264 2463 25 25 9IMNAHA 61 GENERAL 555 4554 49 86 135 24CATHERINE CREEK 53 GENERAL 259 2185 61 61 24PINE CREEK 62 GENERAL 324 2867 37 37 74 23KEATING 63 GENERAL 111 864 25 25 23LOOKOUT MT 64 GENERAL 197 1493 12 12 6

WALLOWA ZONE TOTAL 1,710 14,426 86 246 332 19

MT EMILY 54 GENERAL 262 2178 25 25 10Mt Emily Unit 254R

Mt Emily Unit total 262 2,178 25 25 10WALLA WALLA 55 GENERAL 148 1234 25 25 17

Walla Walla Unit 255RWalla Walla Unit total 148 1,234 25 25 17

WENAHA 56 GENERAL 74 864 12 12 16Wenaha Unit 256R

Wenaha Unit total 74 864 12 12 16SLED SPRINGS 57

Sled Springs #1 257R1Sled Springs #2 257R2

Sled Springs Unit totalCHESNIMNUS 58

Chesnimnus Unit 258RSNAKE RIVER 59 GENERAL 197 1641 12 12 6

WENAHA-SNAKE ZONE TOTAL 681 5,917 74 74 11

UKIAH 49 GENERAL 1003 9427 86 86 9DESOLATION 50 GENERAL 1533 15285 52 99 151 10SUMPTER 51 GENERAL 676 6292 12 61 73 11STARKEY 52 GENERAL 1390 13145 163 163 12

Starkey Exp Forest Bow 252RStarkey Unit total 1,390 13,145 163 163 12

HEPPNER 48 GENERAL 1136 10329 163 163 14FOSSIL 45 GENERAL 259 2197 36 36 14COLUMBIA BASIN 44 GENERAL 37 321 12 24 36 97

UMATILLA-WHITMAN ZONE TOTAL 6,034 56,996 76 632 708 12

MURDERERS CREEK 46 GENERAL 1400 13059 12 117 129 9NORTHSIDE 47 GENERAL 1124 9268 37 127 164 15BEULAH 65 GENERAL 607 6168 25 49 74 12MALHEUR RIVER 66 GENERAL 582 6425 12 61 73 13SILVIES 72 GENERAL 960 8747 62 104 166 17MAURY 36 GENERAL 104 596OCHOCO 37 80 441

Ochoco Unit 237R 678 5799 15 71 86 13GRIZZLY 38 GENERAL 736 6264 12 52 64 9

OCHOCO-MALHEUR ZONE TOTAL 6,271 56,767 175 581 756 12

2008 ROCKY MOUNTAIN ELK ARCHERY HARVEST



72



BLUE MT AREA TOTALS 14,696 134,106 337 1,533 1,870 13

BIGGS 43 GENERAL 12 49MAUPIN 40 GENERALHOOD 42 GENERAL 86 703WHITE RIVER 41 GENERAL 314 3113 25 25 8PAULINA 35 GENERAL 326 3375FORT ROCK 77 GENERAL See Roosevelt/Cascade Archery SummarySILVER LAKE 76 GENERAL 25 99SPRAGUE 33 GENERAL See Roosevelt/Cascade Archery SummaryUPPER DESCHUTES 34 GENERAL See Roosevelt/Cascade Archery SummaryKLAMATH FALLS 32 GENERAL 37 407INTERSTATE 75 GENERAL 91 637WARNER 74 GENERAL 49 666

CENTRAL AREA TOTAL 940 9,049 25 25 3

OWYHEE 67 GENERAL 12 49WHITEHORSE 68 GENERAL 0STEENS MT 69 GENERAL 25 148BEATYS BUTTE 70 GENERAL 0JUNIPER 71 GENERAL 12 49WAGONTIRE 73 GENERAL 49 494 12 12 24

HIGH DESERT AREA TOTAL 98 740 12 12 12

EASTERN OREGON ARCHERY TOTAL1 15,734 143,895 362 1,545 1,907 12

1 Includes 3,011 archery hunters who also hunted in Western Oregon

2008 ROCKY MOUNTAIN ELK ARCHERY HARVEST



73



MINAM 60 Minam Unit #1 260X 372 1473 67 67 18Minam Unit #2 260Y 391 2247 62 62 16

Alder Slope 260AUnion Agriculture Muzzleloader 254M1

Total CH other than 1st & 2nd season 0Minam Unit total 763 3,720 129 129 17

IMNAHA 61 Imnaha Unit 261XGENERAL 2nd 676 3529 97 97 14

Imnaha Unit 261Total CH other than 1st & 2nd season 0

Imnaha Unit total 676 3,529 97 97 14

CATHERINE CREEK 53 Catherine Cr Unit 253X 201 777 45 45 22GENERAL 2nd 260 1248 30 30 12

South Catherine Creek Private 253ASouth Catherine Creek 253B

Mt Harris 253CMt Harris Muzzleloader 253M

Union Agriculture Muzzleloader 254MTotal CH other than 1st & 2nd season 0

Catherine Creek Unit total 461 2,025 75 75 16

PINE CREEK 62 Pine Creek Unit 262X 240 893 97 97 40GENERAL 2nd 141 758 30 30 21

Pine Creek Unit 262Pine Creek Unit total 381 1,651 127 127 33

KEATING 63 Keating Unit 263X 206 859 47 47 23GENERAL 2nd 134 669 7 7 5

Keating Unit 263 94 487 33 33 35Keating Unit total 434 2,015 33 54 87 20

LOOKOUT MT 64 Lookout Mt Unit #1 264X 93 364 8 23 31 33Lookout Mt Unit #2 264Y 95 540 2 17 19 20

Lookout Mt Unit 264 125 966 40 40 32Lookout Mt Unit total 313 1,870 50 40 90 29

All 1st Season Hunts 1,112 4,366 8 279 287 26All 2nd Season Hunts 1,697 8,991 2 243 245 14

Total CH other than 1st & 2nd season 219 1,453 73 73 33WALLOWA ZONE TOTAL 3,028 14,810 83 522 605 20

MT EMILY 54 Mt Emily Unit #1 254X 417 1607 67 67 16Mt Emily Unit #2 254Y1Mt Emily Unit #3 254Y2 368 2054 67 67 18

GENERAL 2nd 52 149Pumpkin Ridge 254A


Mt Emily Unit total 785 3,661 134 134 17

2008 ROCKY MOUNTAIN ELK RIFLE SEASON



74



WALLA WALLA 55 Walla Walla Unit #1 255X 155 576 10 10 6Walla Walla Unit #2 255Y1Walla Walla Unit #3 255Y2 230 1093 32 32 14Mill Creek Watershed 255A

Total CH other than 1st & 2nd season 0Walla Walla Unit total 385 1,669 42 42 11

WENAHA 56 Wenaha Unit #1 256X 268 1097 14 14 5GENERAL 2nd 7 37

Wenaha Unit #2 256Y1 23 177 7 7 30Wenaha Unit #3 256Y2 176 1139 19 19 11

Bartlett Bench 256ATroy 256B


Wenaha Unit total 467 2,413 40 40 9

SLED SPRINGS 57 Sled Springs Unit #1 257XSled Springs Unit #2 257Y

Elk Creek 257AFlora #1 257B1Flora #2 257B2

Whiskey Creek 257CEast Sled Springs 257D

West Sled Springs 257ECrickett Flat 257F

Union Agriculture Muzzleloader 254M1Total CH other than 1st & 2nd season 0

Sled Springs Unit total 0

CHESNIMNUS 58 Chesnimnus Unit 258XZumwalt 258A

Chesnimnus Unit total 0

SNAKE RIVER 59 Snake River #1 259XSnake River #2 259Y

Snake River Unit total 0

All 1st Season Hunts 840 3,280 91 91 11All 2nd Season Hunts 856 4,649 125 125 15

Total CH other than 1st & 2nd season 0WENAHA-SNAKE ZONE TOTAL 1,696 7,929 216 216 13

UKIAH 49 Ukiah Unit #1 249A1 0Ukiah Unit #2 249A2 794 3262 107 107 13

GENERAL 2nd 1493 7430 111 111 7McKay Creek 249B 62 232 30 30 48

Ukiah Unit total 2,349 10,924 218 248 11




75



DESOLATION 50 Desolation Unit 250X 1172 5047 99 99 8GENERAL 2nd 1174 6828 37 37 3

Desolation Unit #1 250A1 115 550 23 23 20Desolation Unit #2 250A2 165 908 31 31 19

Total CH other than 1st & 2nd season 280 1,458 54 54 19Desolation Unit total 2,626 13,333 54 136 190 7

SUMPTER 51 North Sumpter 251A 738 2930 128 128 17South Sumpter #1 251B1 0

GENERAL 2nd 624 3284 22 22 4South Sumpter #2 251B2 0

North Sumpter 251C 61 258 20 20 33South Sumpter 251D 181 1789 45 45 25Elkhorn Mt #1 251E1 31 112 6 6 19Elkhorn Mt #2 251E2 26 134 6 6 23

Total CH other than 1st & 2nd season 299 2,293 77 77 26Sumpter Unit total 1,661 8,507 77 150 227 14

STARKEY 52 Starkey #1 252A1 390 1743 100 100 26Starkey #2 252A2 1443 6295 262 262 18

GENERAL 2nd 1278 6449 67 67 5South Starkey 252B 31 152 13

South Starkey Private 252C 48 213 19 19 40Starkey Experimental Forest 252D 24 74 10 10 42

North Powder 252E 0Ladd Marsh 252T 3 9 3 3 100

Union Agricultural Muzzleloader 254M 0Total CH other than 1st & 2nd season 106 448 32 32 30

Starkey Unit total 3,217 14,935 32 442 461 14

HEPPNER 48 Heppner #1 248A1 595 2329 154 154 26Heppner #2 248A2 488 2032 61 61 13

Ritter #1 248B1 0GENERAL 2ND 1776 9621 104 104 6Ritter #2 248B2 215 1058 18 29 47 22

Monument 248C 14 126 12 12 86Heppner 248D 66 211 23 23 35

West Grant Private 247DTotal CH other than 1st & 2nd season 80 337 35 35 44

Heppner Unit total 3,154 15,377 53 348 401 13

FOSSIL 45 Fossil Unit #1 245X 195 776 26 26 13Fossil Unit #2 245Y 171 957 18 18 11

North Fossil Private #1 245A1 81 302 22 22 27South Fossil Private #1 245B1 70 275 24 24 34North Fossil Private #2 245A2 179 898 40 24 64 36South Fossil Private #2 245B2 200 883 35 44 79 40

North Fossil 245C 0South Fossil #1 245D1 86 266 40 40 47South Fossil #2 245D2 62 264 26 26 42South Fossil #3 245D3 34 119 31 31 91

Total CH other than 1st & 2nd season 182 649 97 97 53Fossil Unit totals 1,078 4,740 172 158 330 31

COLUMBIA BASIN 44 GENERAL 1st 260 1529 24 24 48 18McKay Creek 249B 8 30 2 2 25

Columbia Basin Unit totals 268 1559 26 24 50 19




76



All 1st Season Hunts 6,226 26,520 24 1,007 1,031 17All 2nd Season Hunts 7,110 37,408 93 456 549 8

Total CH other than 1st & 2nd season 1,017 5,447 327 13 340 33UMATILLA-WHITMAN ZONE TOTAL 14,353 69,375 444 1,476 1,920 13

MURDERERS CREEK 46 Murderers Cr Unit 246X 410 1612 109 109 27West Murderers Creek 246A 383 2331 40 60 100 26East Murderers Creek 246B 253 1452 21 21 42 17

Flagtail 246C 314 1937 59 59 19Upper John Day River 246D 0

East Grant 265D 176 1129 12 12 7East Grant Muzzleloader 265M 93 466 10 2 12 13

Total CH other than 1st & 2nd season 583 3,532 81 2 83 14Murderers Creek Unit total 1,629 8,927 142 192 334 21

NORTHSIDE 47 Northside Unit 247X 340 1419 59 59 17Northside Private #1 247A1Northside Private #2 247A2

West Northside 247BEast Northside 247C 378 2125 48 36 84 22

Northside Unit 247West Grant Private 247D

East Northside Private 247EUpper John Day River 246D

Total CH other than 1st & 2nd season 0Northside Unit total 718 3,544 48 95 143 20

BEULAH 65 West Beulah #1 265A1 286 1162 38 38 13East Beulah #1 265B1 85 290 9 13 22 26

West Beulah #2 265A2 328 2159 28 21 49 15East Beulah #2 265B2 136 669 11 24 35 26East Beulah #3 265B3Bully Creek #1 265C1Bully Creek #2 265C2

East Grant 265D 64 409 0 0East Grant Muzzleloader 265M 70 383 4 8 12 17

Upper John Day River 246D 0Drewsey Valley #1 266A1 24 93 15 15 63Drewsey Valley #2 266A2 16 65 0 0

Total CH other than 1st & 2nd season 174 950 19 8 27 16Beulah Unit total 1,009 5,230 67 104 171 17

MALHEUR RIVER 66 North Malheur River #1 266X 381 1619 24 24 6North Malheur River #2 266Y 378 2254 60 60 16

Drewsey Valley #1 266A1 43 292 12 12 28Drewsey Valley #2 266A2 25 95 5 5 20North Malheur River 266B 276 1564 79 79 29South Malheur River 266C 102 771 20 20 20

High Desert 278A 189 1105 26 13 39 21High Desert Muzzleloader 278M 40 184 2 6 8 20

Total CH other than 1st & 2nd season 675 4,011 144 19 163 24Malheur River Unit total 1,434 7,884 144 103 247 17




77



SILVIES 72 Silvies Unit #1 272X 513 2091 94 94 18Silvies Unit #2 272Y 505 3354 85 85 17

Silvies Unit 272A 528 2823 62 62 12West Silvies 272B 79 440 10 10 13

Maury-Hampton Butte 236A 3 19Silvies North Juniper #1 271A1 96 714 30 30 31Silvies North Juniper #2 271A2 85 501 24 24 28

Total CH other than 1st & 2nd season 791 4,497 126 64 8Silvies Unit total 1,809 9,942 126 179 305 17

MAURY 36 Maury Unit #1 236X 97 359 26 26 27Maury Unit #2 236Y 118 526 24 24 20

Maury-Hampton Buttes 236A 51 243 11 11 22Crooked River 237B 41 255 7 7 17

Total CH other than 1st & 2nd season 92 498 18 18 20Maury Unit total 307 1,383 18 50 68 22

OCHOCO 37 Ochoco Unit #1 237X 281 1109 62 62 22Ochoco Unit #2 237Y 335 2154 117 117 35

Ochoco Unit 237 448 2328 113 113 25North Ochoco 237A 47 472 13 13 28Crooked River 237B 116 658 41 41 35

Ochoco Unit Youth Hunt 237T 182 626 42 42 23Maury-Hampton Butte 236A 2 8

Southwest Grizzly 238A 5 81Total CH other than 1st & 2nd season 800 4,173 209 0 209 26

Ochoco Unit total 1,409 7,347 209 179 388 28

GRIZZLY 38 Grizzly Unit #1 238X 129 694 25 25 19Grizzly Unit #2 238Y 123 669 31 31 25

Grizzly Private #1 238C1 95 328 8 21 29 31Grizzly Private #2 238C2 151 660 18 31 49 32Southwest Grizzly 238A 208 1779 49 49 24

North Grizzly Private 238B 109 1053 54 54 50Total CH other than 1st & 2nd season 317 2,832 103 103 32

Grizzly Unit total 815 5,183 129 108 237 29

All 1st Season Hunts 2,617 10,683 17 471 488 19All 2nd Season Hunts 3,088 18,353 166 510 676 22

Total CH other than 1st & 2nd season 3,432 20,493 700 29 729 21OCHOCO-MALHEUR ZONE TOTAL 9,137 49,529 883 1,010 1,893 21

All 1st Season Hunts 10,795 44,849 49 1,848 1,897 18All 2nd Season Hunts 12,751 69,401 261 1,334 1,595 13

Misc CH total 4,668 27,393 1,100 42 1,142 24BLUE MT AREA TOTAL 28,214 141,643 1,410 3,224 4,634 16

BIGGS 43 GENERAL 1st 159 706 15 18 33 21GENERAL 2nd 59 201 7 7 12

North Grizzly Private 238B 3 13Maupin/West Biggs 240A 111 666 19 19 17

Biggs Unit total 332 1,586 34 25 59 18




78



MAUPIN 40 GENERAL 1st 43 174 9 9 21GENERAL 2nd 97 401 29 29 30

North Grizzly Private 238B 3 104 3 3 100Maupin/West Biggs 240A 80 467 24 24 30

Maupin Unit total 223 1,146 27 38 65 29

HOOD 42 GENERAL 1st 101 404 9 9 9GENERAL 2nd 282 1278 7 7 2

Hood River/Mosier Valley 242A 32 369White River/Hood 241B 0

North White River/Hood #1 241C1 3 6North White River/Hood #2 241C2 3 14

Total CH other than 1st & 2nd season 38 389 0 0 0Hood Unit total 421 2,071 0 16 16 4

WHITE RIVER 41 GENERAL 1st 422 1770 21 21 5GENERAL 2nd 966 5067 29 29 3

The Dalles Watershed 241A 29 114 2 2 7White River/Hood 241B 34 193 5 5 15

North White River/Hood #1 241C1 29 230 12 12 41North White River/Hood #2 241C2 22 109 3 3 14

Larch Creek 241D 29 222 8 8 28Hood River/Mosier Valley 242A 5 32 0 0

Total CH other than 1st & 2nd season 119 900 28 0 28 24White River Unit total 1,536 7,737 28 52 80 5

KLAMATH FALLS 32 Klamath Falls Unit #1 232X 19 77Klamath Falls Unit #2 232Y 25 157

Klamath Falls Unit total 44 234

SPRAGUE 33 Sprague Unit #1 233X 55 220 2 2 4Sprague #2 233Y 84 460 9 9 11

Sprague Unit total 139 680 11 11 8

PAULINA 35 Paulina-East Fort Rock #1 235X 278 1065 8 8 3Paulina-East Fort Rock #2 235Y 187 1015 16 16 9

General 1st 3 12Badlands 235B 32 345

Paulina-East Fort Rock Muzzleloader 235M 0Little River 234A 11 115 5 5 45

Total CH other than 1st & 2nd season 43 460 5 5 12Paulina Unit total 511 2,552 5 24 29 6

WARNER 74 Warner Unit 274X 41 164Warner Unit 274Y 32 160 2 2 6

Warner Unit total 73 324 2 2 3

INTERSTATE 75 Interstate Unit 275X 149 561 6 6 4Interstate Unit 275Y 116 570 4 4 3

Interstate Unit total 265 1,131 10 10 4




79



SILVER LAKE 76 Silver Lake Unit 276X 145 578 4 4 3Silver Lake Unit 276Y 137 778 8 8 6

Connley Hills 277A 0Hayes Butte-Murdock Creek 277B 6 26

Total CH other than 1st & 2nd season 6 26Silver Lake Unit total 288 1,382 0 12 12 9

FORT ROCK 77 Connley Hills 277A 0Hayes Butte-Murdock Creek 277B 17 112

Paulina-East Fort Rock #1 235X 204 878 10 10 5Paulina-East Fort Rock #2 235Y 196 1181 12 12 6

Paulina-East Fort Rock Muzzleloader 235M 0Total CH other than 1st & 2nd season 17 112

Fort Rock Unit total 417 2,171 22 22 5

All 1st Season Hunts 1,648 6,711 15 89 104 6All 2nd Season Hunts 2,181 11,268 123 123 6

Misc CH total 420 3,025 79 0 79 19CENTRAL AREA TOTAL 4,249 21,014 94 212 306 7

OWYHEE 67 Owyhee Unit 267 26 95 2 2 8High Desert 278A 66 317 13 8 21 32

High Desert Muzzleloader 278M 4 6 2 2 50Owyhee Unit total 96 418 17 8 25 26

WHITEHORSE 68 East Whitehorse 268A 17 296 2 2 12High Desert 278A 0

High Desert Muzzleloader 278M 0Whitehorse Unit total 17 296 2 0 2 12

STEENS MT 69 High Desert 278A 128 960 22 8 30 23High Desert Muzzleloader 278M 25 157 2 10 12 48

Steens Mt Unit total 153 1,117 24 18 42 27

BEATYS BUTTE 70 High Desert 278A 4 53High Desert Muzzleloader 278M 0

Beatys Butte Unit total 4 53

JUNIPER 71 Silvies-North Juniper #1 271A1 16 142 5 5 31Silvies-North Juniper #2 271A2 18 127 4 4 22

High Desert 278A 40 260 8 8 20High Desert Muzzleloader 278M 4 25

Juniper Unit total 78 554 9 8 17 22

WAGONTIRE 73 High Desert 278A 154 995 35 8 43 28High Desert Muzzleloader 278M 29 155 2 6 8 28Silvies-North Juniper #1 271A1 3 8 2 2 67Silvies-North Juniper #1 271A2 2 6

Wagontire Unit total 188 1,164 39 14 53 28

HIGH DESERT AREA TOTAL 536 3,602 91 48 139 26




80



ROCKY MOUNTAIN ELK RIFLE HUNTER TOTALSAll 1st Season Hunts 12,443 51,560 64 1,937 2,001 16All 2nd Season Hunts 14,932 80,669 261 1,457 1,718 12

Misc CH totals 5,624 34,020 1,270 90 1,360 24

GRAND TOTAL 32,999 166,249 1,595 3,484 5,079 15




81



MINAM 7 37IMNAHA 31 174 6 4 10 32CATHERINE CREEK 4 20PINE CREEK 18 96 6 6 33KEATING 15 86 4 4 27LOOKOUT MOUNTAIN

WALLOWA ZONE 75 413 8 20 27

MT EMILY 25 104 7 7 28WALLA WALLA 10 54 0WENAHA 13 123 2 2 15SLED SPRINGS 34 175 5 11 16 47CHESNIMUS 7 42 2 2 29SNAKE RIVER 2 2 2 2 100

WENAHA-SNAKE RIVER ZONE 91 500 5 24 29 32

UKIAH 118 663 10 10 8DESOLATION 174 1,040 29 4 33 19SUMPTER 100 529 20 4 24 24STARKEY 89 481 9 9 10HEPPNER 100 563 9 9 9FOSSIL 13 62 3 2 5 38COLUMBIA BASIN 6 62

UMATILLA-WHITMAN ZONE 600 3,400 52 38 90 15

MURDERERS CREEK 8 37 2 2 25NORTHSIDE 17 69 2 2 12BEULAH 3 17 2 2 67MALHEUR RIVER 29 155 2 3 5 17SILVIES 25 153 3 3 12MAURY 3 13 2 2 67OCHOCO 12 76 2 4 6 50GRIZZLY 8 47 2 2 25

OCHOCO-MALHEUR ZONE 105 567 8 16 24 23

BLUE MOUNTAIN AREA TOTAL 871 4,880 65 86 163 19

2008 ROCKY MOUNTAIN ELK: HARVEST BY HUNTERS WITH DISABILITIES (ALL WEAPONS)



82



BIGGS 4 11MAUPIN 4 25HOOD 22 81 2 2 9WHITE RIVER 53 277PAULINA 57 333 10 2 12 21FORT ROCK 56 320 2 2 4SILVER LAKE 5 17 4 4 80SPRAGUE 8 51KLAMATH FALLSINTERSTATE 10 35WARNER

CENTRAL AREA 219 1,150 14 6 20 9

OWYHEEWHITEHORSESTEENS MOUNTAINBEATYS BUTTEJUNIPERWAGONTIRE

HIGH DESERT AREA 0 0 0 0 0 0

ROCKY MOUNTAIN ELKSEASON TOTAL 1,090 6,030 79 92 183 17

2008 ROCKY MOUNTAIN ELK: HARVEST BY HUNTERS WITH DISABILITIES (ALL WEAPONS)



83


UNITS BY AREA OR ZONE HUNTERS DAYS LESS BULL ELK SUCCESS

MINAM 1027 6183 154 154 15IMNAHA 1231 8083 49 183 232 19CATHERINE CREEK 720 4210 136 136 19PINE CREEK 705 4518 37 164 201 29KEATING 545 2879 33 79 112 21LOOKOUT MOUNTAIN 510 3363 50 52 102 20

WALLOWA ZONE 4,738 29,236 169 768 937 20

MT. EMILY 1099 5988 159 159 14WALLA WALLA 533 2903 67 67 13WENAHA 548 3314 52 52 9SLED SPRINGSCHESNIMNUSSNAKE RIVER 197 1641 12 12 6

WENAHA-SNAKE RIVER ZONE 2,377 13,846 290 290 12

UKIAH 3352 20351 30 304 334 10DESOLATION 4159 28618 106 235 341 8SUMPTER 2337 14799 89 211 300 13STARKEY 4607 28080 32 605 637 14HEPPNER 4290 25706 53 511 564 13FOSSIL 1337 6937 172 194 366 27COLUMBIA BASIN 305 1880 38 48 86 28

UMATILLA-WHITMAN ZONE 20,387 126,371 520 2,108 2,628 13

MURDERERS CREEK 3029 21986 154 309 463 15NORTHSIDE 1842 12812 85 222 307 17BEULAH 1616 11398 92 153 245 15MALHEUR RIVER 2016 14309 156 164 320 16SILVIES 2769 18689 188 283 471 17MAURY 411 1979 18 50 68 17OCHOCO 2174 13676 224 250 474 22GRIZZLY 1551 11447 141 160 301 19

OCHOCO-MALHEUR ZONE 15,408 106,296 1,058 1,591 2,649 17

BLUE MT AREA 42,910 275,749 1,747 4,757 6,504 15

2008 ROCKY MOUNTAIN ELK SEASONS - ARCHERY AND RIFLE HARVEST



84


UNITS BY AREA OR ZONE HUNTERS DAYS LESS BULL ELK SUCCESS

BIGGS 344 1635 34 25 59 17MAUPIN 223 1146 27 38 65 29HOOD 507 2774 16 16 3WHITE RIVER 1850 10850 53 52 105 6PAULINA 837 5927 5 24 29 3FORT ROCK 417 2171 22 22 5SILVER LAKE 313 1481 12 12 4SPRAGUE 139 680 11 11 8KLAMATH FALLS 81 641INTERSTATE 356 1768 10 10 3WARNER 122 990 2 2 2

CENTRAL AREA 5,189 30,063 119 212 331 6

OWYHEE 108 467 17 8 25 23WHITEHORSE 17 296 2 2 12STEENS MT. 178 1265 24 18 42 24BEATYS BUTTE 4 53JUNIPER 90 603 9 8 17 19WAGONTIRE 237 1658 39 26 65 27

HIGH DESERT AREA 634 4,342 91 60 151 24

Hunters with Disablities1 1,090 6,030 79 92 183 17(This data not included in table above)

ROCKY MOUNTAINELK SEASONS TOTALS3 49,823 316,184 2,036 5,121 7,169 14

1 Hunters with disabilities harvest is in addition to all other harvest shown above.2 Includes 3,011 archery hunters who also hunted in Weastern Oregon.

2008 ROCKY MOUNTAIN ELK SEASONS - ARCHERY AND RIFLE HARVEST



85

AN

TLER

-%

AN

TLER

-%

AN

TLER

-%

BU

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SSTO

TAL

HU

NT

BU

LL

LESS

TOTA

LH

UN

TB

ULL

LESS

TOTA

LH

UN

TYE

AR

HU

NTE

RS

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RV.

HA

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UN

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AR

VEST

HA

RV.

SUC

C.

HU

NTE

RS

HA

RV.

HA

RVE

STH

AR

V.SU

CC

.

1940

6,15

21,

350

1,17

92,

529

414,

809

1,15

21,

179

2,33

148

1,34

319

80

198

1519

458,

597

2,39

867

2,46

529

7,27

02,

176

672,

243

311,

327

222

022

217

1950

22,8

023,

157

2,23

45,

391

2416

,726

2,21

01,

234

3,44

421

6,07

694

71,

000

1,94

732

1955

27,7

094,

228

1,85

56,

083

2221

,504

3,36

11,

749

5,11

024

6,20

586

710

697

316

1961

51,3

499,

707

2,38

412

,091

2436

,514

7,09

81,

863

8,96

125

14,8

352,

609

521

3,13

021

1962

52,9

917,

998

2,17

810

,176

1939

,432

6,46

01,

925

8,38

521

13,5

591,

538

253

1,79

113

1963

54,7

2410

,084

3,60

613

,690

2541

,216

6,95

93,

606

10,5

6526

13,5

083,

125

03,

125

2319

6462

,898

11,8

465,

311

17,1

5727

41,0

107,

576

4,87

912

,455

3021

,888

4,27

043

24,

702

2119

6567

,387

8,06

64,

200

12,2

6618

47,6

515,

768

3,59

49,

362

2019

,736

2,29

860

62,

904

1519

6668

,178

8,03

03,

372

11,4

0217

49,5

045,

529

3,18

98,

718

1818

,674

2,50

118

32,

684

1419

6764

,200

7,66

02,

870

10,5

3016

46,1

005,

220

2,69

07,

910

1718

,100

2,44

018

02,

620

1419

6865

,900

7,16

02,

250

9,41

014

45,6

004,

170

1,98

06,

150

1320

,300

2,99

027

03,

260

1619

6966

,000

7,80

02,

118

9,91

815

46,3

005,

800

2,08

07,

880

1719

,700

2,00

038

2,03

810

1970

73,5

6010

,150

2,53

012

,680

1752

,190

6,92

02,

420

9,34

018

21,3

703,

230

110

3,34

016

1971

74,5

507,

830

2,44

010

,270

1451

,640

5,33

02,

260

7,59

015

22,9

102,

500

180

2,68

012

1972

79,1

008,

075

2,23

510

,310

1353

,700

5,74

22,

188

7,93

015

25,4

002,

333

472,

380

919

7398

,300

11,0

872,

913

14,0

0014

65,1

007,

626

2,73

510

,361

1633

,200

3,46

117

83,

639

1119

7410

6,70

09,

527

4,54

314

,070

1369

,100

6,62

84,

036

10,6

6415

37,6

002,

899

507

3,40

69

1975

110,

830

11,4

803,

871

15,3

5114

73,2

807,

393

3,47

610

,869

1537

,550

4,08

739

54,

482

1219

7698

,770

9,76

73,

423

13,1

9013

64,9

707,

389

2,83

810

,227

1633

,800

2,37

858

52,

963

919

7711

2,34

013

,270

4,50

317

,773

1673

,580

9,31

83,

696

13,0

1418

38,7

603,

952

807

4,75

912

1978

100,

949

9,69

96,

298

15,9

9716

67,3

897,

287

5,06

312

,350

1833

,560

2,41

21,

235

3,64

711

1979

110,

642

9,64

76,

481

16,1

2815

68,7

186,

444

5,09

111

,535

1741

,924

3,20

31,

390

4,59

311

1980

119,

270

13,6

269,

174

22,8

0019

74,6

559,

279

6,67

215

,951

2144

,615

4,34

72,

502

6,84

915

1981

124,

596

10,9

499,

233

20,1

8216

77,9

347,

578

7,49

615

,074

1946

,662

3,37

11,

737

5,10

811

1982

121,

691

10,5

266,

400

16,9

2614

74,9

867,

128

4,91

012

,038

1646

,705

3,39

81,

490

4,88

810

1983

128,

095

10,5

846,

457

17,0

4113

76,8

797,

319

5,64

312

,962

1751

,216

3,26

581

44,

079

819

84

NO

HU

NTE

R S

UR

VE

Y C

ON

DU

CTE

D19

8513

3,67

613

,419

7,25

220

,671

1581

,550

8,79

85,

736

14,5

3418

52,1

264,

621

1,51

66,

137

1219

8613

4,28

510

,764

4,90

615

,670

1278

,102

7,65

14,

096

11,7

4715

56,1

833,

113

810

3,92

37

1987

101,

603

8,11

45,

775

13,8

8914

62,8

225,

363

4,67

710

,040

1638

,781

2,75

11,

098

3,84

910

1988

113,

718

10,5

427,

428

17,9

7016

68,9

607,

507

6,20

013

,707

2044

,758

3,03

51,

228

4,26

310

1989

114,

110

11,3

236,

777

18,1

0016

67,7

917,

484

4,88

912

,373

1846

,319

3,83

91,

888

5,72

712

ELK

HU

NTI

NG

TR

END

S 19

40 -

2008

STA

TEW

IDE

R

OC

KY

MO

UN

TAIN

ELK

RO

OSE

VELT

ELK



86

AN

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-%

AN

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-%

AN

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-%

BU

LLLE

SSTO

TAL

HU

NT

BU

LL

LESS

TOTA

LH

UN

TB

ULL

LESS

TOTA

LH

UN

TYE

AR

HU

NTE

RS

HA

RV.

HA

RVE

STH

AR

V.SU

CC

.H

UN

TER

SH

AR

V.H

AR

VEST

HA

RV.

SUC

C.

HU

NTE

RS

HA

RV.

HA

RVE

STH

AR

V.SU

CC

.

1990

110,

504

10,7

627,

574

18,3

3617

66,1

217,

690

5,61

813

,308

2044

,383

3,07

21,

956

5,02

811

1991

117,

342

13,3

848,

185

21,5

6918

71,0

699,

856

6,50

316

,359

2346

,273

3,52

81,

682

5,21

011

1992

128,

560

13,0

828,

933

22,0

1517

76,7

108,

998

7,01

216

,010

2151

,850

4,08

41,

921

6,00

512

1993

138,

270

13,2

548,

335

21,5

8916

81,8

998,

048

6,28

814

,336

1856

,371

5,20

62,

047

7,25

313

1994

129,

903

14,5

6811

,496

26,0

6420

76,3

1310

,027

8,82

718

,854

2553

,590

4,54

12,

669

7,21

013

1995

140,

777

13,2

9110

,167

23,4

5817

81,9

069,

210

7,54

116

,751

2058

,871

4,08

12,

626

6,70

711

1996

137,

032

13,2

1312

,755

25,9

6819

77,7

368,

269

9,60

117

,870

2359

,296

4,94

43,

154

8,09

814

1997

142,

262

12,8

2912

,878

25,7

0718

78,8

418,

186

9,20

917

,395

2263

,421

4,64

33,

669

8,31

213

1998

146,

614

12,1

3811

,634

23,7

7216

79,4

197,

452

8,47

215

,924

2067

,195

4,68

63,

162

7,84

812

1999

142,

980

11,5

7310

,004

21,5

7715

78,2

637,

474

7,17

114

,645

1964

,717

4,09

92,

833

6,93

211

2000

137,

624

10,6

459,

595

20,2

4015

75,1

816,

697

6,53

113

,228

1862

,443

3,94

83,

064

7,01

211

2001

137,

348

10,9

349,

448

20,3

8215

74,4

086,

747

6,21

012

,957

1762

,940

4,18

73,

238

7,42

512

2002

134,

485

10,8

899,

458

20,3

4715

74,4

086,

747

6,21

012

,957

1760

,077

4,14

23,

248

7,39

012

2003

129,

101

10,5

129,

007

19,5

1915

69,7

606,

085

5,28

411

,369

1659

,341

4,42

73,

723

8,15

014

2004

110

5,78

27,

589

5,44

413

,033

1250

,883

3,82

12,

251

6,07

212

54,8

993,

768

3,19

36,

961

1320

051

107,

101

8,52

15,

055

13,5

7613

51,9

154,

389

2,28

66,

675

1355

,186

4,13

22,

769

6,90

113

2006

111

2,38

09,

405

5,11

914

,524

1351

,011

5,06

02,

252

7,31

214

61,3

694,

345

2,86

77,

212

1220

071

114,

184

8,53

04,

602

13,1

3212

51,0

104,

487

2,14

96,

636

1363

,174

4,04

32,

453

6,49

610

2008

111

4,11

88,

746

4,80

313

,561

1249

,823

5,12

12,

036

7,16

914

64,2

953,

625

2,76

76,

392

10

1 Har

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2008

STA

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RO

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ELK


Big Game Statistics: Pronghorn

87

PRONGHORN: Table of Contents

OverviewLife history ........................................................................................................ 88Distribution ...................................................................................................... 89Management ................................................................................................... 89

2009 Statistical ReportsPronghorn herd composition report ................................................................... 90Aerial pronghorn population trends ................................................................... 91Statewide pronghorn herd composition and trend ............................................. 92Pronghorn hunting trends ................................................................................ 94Pronghorn season harvest ..................................................................................94



88

Overview

Pronghorn (Antilocapra americana) are found only on the North American continent

and occupy a unique position among Oregon’s native wildlife species. Unlike deer and

elk, pronghorn have no living relatives in the Old World (Europe and Asia), and they are

not related to true antelope of Africa and India. Pronghorn are also the fastest North

American land animal.

The dominant color of pronghorn is golden brown with sharply contrasting black and

white markings on the head and neck. The entire nose of the buck is black as is the

cheek patch below the ear. A doe will not have a black cheek patch and black on the

face of the doe is confi ned to the tip of the nose.

The belly and lower sides are creamy white and a large white rump patch surrounds

the short tail. A mane is present along the top of the neck. When alarmed, pronghorn

erect the hairs of their rump patch. This behavior serves as a visual “alarm” to other

pronghorn within sight. Shedding is continuous, the individual hairs being loosely

attached and readily dislodged. Since the hairs are hollow and can be fl attened against

the skin or erected at will, pronghorn are able to readily adjust to temperature changes.

Such ready-made insulation adapts the animal to the extreme climatic changes found

throughout its range.

Life History

The rutting or breeding season is short, beginning in early September and reaching

a peak by the middle of the month. Individual bucks collect groups of does with the

number dependent on the aggressiveness and vigor of the particular male. Actual

fi ghting is most evident prior to the breeding season when the pecking order is

determined.

Pronghorn prefer company and band together into large herds during the winter and

again late in the summer. During spring and early summer, bucks may be found alone

or in company with others of their sex, joining the does prior to the breeding season.

Does become solitary when the fawns are born, but soon join into small groups shortly

after the young are old enough to follow.

Approximately eight months elapse between the breeding season and the birth of

fawns beginning in mid-May. Open basins covered with low sagebrush are preferred

fawning grounds. Twins are the norm and individual fawns are usually concealed apart,

possibly to avoid detection by predators. The doe returns periodically to nurse her

young, which remain hidden for the fi rst few days of life.


Salem, OR 97303

www.dfw.state.or.us

Pron

ghor

n



89

Although lacking white spots typical of deer, young

pronghorn are diffi cult to observe due to their

uniform color that blends well with the surrounding

vegetation and soil. Fawns can outrun a man by the

fourth day and shortly thereafter are following the

mother during her daily routines.

An important factor setting pronghorn apart from

other hoofed animals is their horns. Unlike goats,

bighorn sheep, and the true antelope of Africa and

Asia, pronghorn bucks shed their horn sheath every

year similar to antlered animals like deer and elk.

Shedding of horn sheaths occurs during late October

and early November. Females generally don’t shed.

Horn sheaths rapidly disintegrate and are eaten

by rodents so little evidence remains. Shortly after

shedding, the new horn sheath commences to grow

from the tip of the bony core. Growth is completed

by the following July, when the hair-like sheaths

harden. Additionally, pronghorn are the only horned

animal where the horn typically branches, which is

why they are appropriately called pronghorn.

Distribution

Pronghorn rely on keen eyesight and speed to avoid

predators. They have evolved to fi ll an ecological

niche in low sagebrush plant communities. The

Great Basin high desert of eastern Oregon represents

the western-most edge of their distribution. Grant,

Umatilla, Baker, Gilliam, Wasco, Klamath, Deschutes,

and Union Counties also have small populations.

Some herds on the east slope of the Cascades and

in Grant County spend extended periods during

summer in forested habitat. It is not certain if heat,

predator avoidance, or range expansion causes this

behavior. Late summer water shortages often restrict

distribution as waterholes dry up and pronghorn

gather at those that remain.

In the late fall and early winter, pronghorn migrate

to lower elevation ranges where snow depths are

not extreme and food is more readily available. Hard,

crusty snow that persists for long periods can be

devastating to pronghorn populations because the

animals are unable to travel, and it is more diffi cult

to forage. Movement to the fawning grounds and

higher summer ranges occurs as spring approaches.

Management

Trend counts are made in February when animals

are concentrated. Because of the vast areas involved,

airplanes are used to fl y wintering areas.

Composition counts (both aerial and vehicle) are

conducted from late July through early August to

determine the number of bucks and the size of

annual fawn crops. Percentages of bucks, does, and

fawns are calculated from these counts. The age

and size class of bucks is also recorded during these

counts.

Losses are an important factor affecting pronghorn

numbers. Hunter surveys provide information on legal

harvest. Fawn mortality can be determined indirectly

by comparing fawn ratios in August with population

trends the following February. A good fawn crop

should be followed by a population increase if the

young animals survive the fi rst months of life.

Hunting regulations are an important part of

management. Since pronghorn are polygamous, with

one buck breeding several does, surplus males can be

harvested without affecting the overall population.

Because demand for hunting exceeds the supply,

limited entry hunting has become necessary. Such

regulations provide for a more equitable distribution

of hunting pressure and harvest, and assure a fair

allocation of hunting privileges. In some cases doe

seasons are used to reduce herd size and/or resolve

damage situations.



90

3-YE

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MA

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2008

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2008

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8



91

MILES PRONGHORN 3-YEARMANAGEMENT UNIT DISTRICT TRAVELED COUNT 2009 2008 2007 AVERAGE

BEATYS BUTTE COMBINED 920 5,157.0 5.6 5.3 5.4 5.4 BEATYS BUTTE (E) HARNEY 900 4,567 5.1 5.0 5.3 5.1 BEATYS BUTTE (W) LAKE 20 590 29.5 19.1 9.6 19.4BEULAH MALHEUR 200 768 3.8 1.6 2.0 2.5FT ROCK-SILVER LAKE LAKE 175 276 1.6 2.0 1.4 1.7GRIZZLY OCHOCO 65 33 0.5 -- -- --INTERSTATE (E) LAKE 50 229 4.6 2.6 2.0 3.1JUNIPER HARNEY -- -- -- 2.1 -- --KEATING BAKER -- -- -- 2.0 1.6 --LOOKOUT MT BAKER -- -- -- 0.7 0.8 --MALHEUR RIVER COMBINED 140 394 2.8 6.6 1.5 3.7 MALHEUR RIVER (W) HARNEY 140 394 2.8 6.6 2.7 4.0 MALHEUR RIVER (E) MALHEUR -- -- -- -- 0.0 --MAURY OCHOCO 225 548 2.4 -- 2.4 --MURDERERS CREEK JOHN DAY 54 120 2.2 2.1 -- --NORTHSIDE JOHN DAY 24 87 3.6 5.0 1.5 --OCHOCO OCHOCO 190 588 3.1 -- 0.7 --OWYHEE MALHEUR 290 782 2.7 2.5 1.3 2.2MAUPIN \ W BIGGS MID COLUMBIA -- -- -- 0.2 0.1 --PAULINA COMBINED 240 85 0.4 0.7 0.4 -- NORTH PAULINA DESCHUTES 90 0 0.0 1.1 0.3 -- SOUTH PAULINA DESCHUTES 150 85 0.6 0.4 0.5 --SILVIES COMBINED 190 391 2.1 13.4 0.5 5.3 SILVIES (W) OCHOCO 130.0 0.0 0.0 -- 0.5 -- SILVIES (E) HARNEY 60 391 6.5 13.4 12.8 --STEENS MT HARNEY 220 300 1.4 1.6 2.8 1.9SUMPTER COMBINED -- -- -- 1.6 0.9 -- SUMPTER (N) BAKER -- -- -- 0.4 1.2 -- SUMPTER (S) BAKER -- -- -- 2.1 0.9 --WAGONTIRE COMBINED 540.0 541.0 1.0 1.4 0.9 1.1 WAGONTIRE (N) DESCHUTES 390 232 0.6 0.6 0.4 -- WAGONTIRE (S) LAKE 150 309 2.1 3.5 2.3 2.6 WAGONTIRE (E) HARNEY -- -- -- -- 0.0 --WARNER LAKE 105 1,645 15.7 10.0 10.8 12.2WHITEHORSE COMBINED 400 1,222 3.1 1.7 1.8 2.2 WHITEHORSE (E) MALHEUR 400 1,222 3.1 1.7 1.5 2.1 WHITEHORSE (W) HARNEY -- -- -- -- 5.9 --

STATEWIDE TOTALS AND AVERAGES 4,028 13,166 3.3 2.8 2.4 2.8

2009 AERIAL PRONGHORN POPULATION TRENDS (January - March 2009)

PRONGHORN PER MILE



92

S

TATE

WID

E PR

ON

GH

OR

N H

ERD

CO

MPO

SITI

ON

AN

D T

REN

D

PRO

NG

-PR

IOR

BU

CK

S/PR

IOR

FAW

NS/

PRIO

RN

UM

BER

HO

RN

3-YR

.10

0

3-YR

.10

03-

YR.

YEA

RM

ILES

CO

UN

TED

PER

MIL

EA

VE.

BU

CK

SD

OES

FAW

NS

TOTA

LD

OES

A

VE.

DO

ESA

VE.

1945

12,

900

1,64

60.

6--

9114

219

252

64--

13--

1946

1--

1,18

2--

--13

042

313

568

831

--32

--19

471,

790

3,56

62

----

----

933

66--

42--

1948

2,19

14,

302

2--

----

--1,

818

5054

5029

1949

3,90

67,

435

1.9

----

----

875

7749

8341

1950

3,59

58,

193

2.3

237

161

255

51,

538

6364

9158

1951

3,72

38,

288

2.2

2.1

334

694

417

1,44

548

6360

7519

523,

098

7,03

02.

32.

141

995

247

01,

841

4463

4978

1953

3,83

95,

657

1.5

2.3

417

950

589

1,95

644

5262

6719

543,

589

7,06

12

235

073

047

71,

557

4845

6557

1955

3,34

44,

773

1.4

1.9

194

455

268

917

4345

5959

1956

1,94

92,

804

1.4

1.6

236

542

320

1,09

844

4559

6219

573,

644

4,84

61.

31.

620

360

849

31,

304

3345

8161

1958

3,64

44,

916

1.3

1.4

274

711

551

1,53

639

4077

6619

593,

645

5,46

51.

51.

339

380

636

11,

560

5039

4572

1960

3,72

55,

712

1.5

1.4

326

942

555

1,82

335

4159

6819

613,

445

3,86

51.

11.

421

477

034

71,

331

2841

4560

1962

3,90

54,

925

1.3

1.4

321

785

452

1,55

841

3857

5019

633,

900

6,06

81.

61.

335

588

758

11,

823

4035

6654

1964

4,20

56,

056

1.4

1.3

412

854

432

1,69

848

3651

5619

653,

755

5,85

91.

61.

426

987

934

31,

491

3143

3958

1966

4,00

06,

010

1.5

1.5

298

1,02

943

61,

763

3140

4052

1967

4,12

57,

593

1.8

1.5

285

917

290

1,49

231

3732

4319

684,

250

7,29

81.

71.

630

81,

265

509

2,06

824

3140

3719

694,

150

6,32

61.

51.

729

31,

183

594

2,07

025

2950

3719

704,

250

8,40

92

1.7

483

1,52

171

52,

719

3227

4841

1971

3,37

58,

055

2.4

1.7

584

1,69

249

82,

774

3527

2946

1972

4,07

58,

627

2.1

255

42,

004

747

3,30

528

3137

4219

734,

090

9,27

02.

32.

246

41,

582

413

2,45

929

3226

3819

743,

725

7,93

02.

12.

334

01,

394

472

2,06

024

3134

3119

753,

905

7,74

52

2.2

353

1,39

747

42,

224

2527

3432

1976

3,28

56,

054

1.8

2.1

413

1,64

266

02,

715

2526

4031

1977

4,01

58,

757

2.2

254

82,

107

637

3,29

226

2530

36

HER

D C

OM

POSI

TIO

NTR

END



93

S

TATE

WID

E PR

ON

GH

OR

N H

ERD

CO

MPO

SITI

ON

AN

D T

REN

D

PRO

NG

-PR

IOR

BU

CK

S/PR

IOR

FAW

NS/

PRIO

RN

UM

BER

HO

RN

3-YR

.10

0

3-YR

.10

03-

YR.

YEA

RM

ILES

CO

UN

TED

PER

MIL

EA

VE.

BU

CK

SD

OES

FAW

NS

TOTA

LD

OES

A

VE.

DO

ESA

VE.

1978

3,99

59,

845

2.5

255

92,

266

793

3,61

825

2535

3519

793,

895

9,49

22.

42.

252

31,

995

730

3,24

826

2537

3519

804,

220

10,3

102.

42.

468

32,

446

806

3,93

528

2633

3419

814,

220

8,90

42.

12.

468

42,

402

660

3,74

728

2627

3519

824,

120

8,90

22.

22.

369

43,

017

596

4,30

723

2720

3219

8313

,093

3.1

2.2

746

3,33

487

54,

955

2226

2627

1984

3,79

010

,392

2.7

2.5

678

2,99

359

14,

262

2324

2024

1985

3,50

511

,462

3.3

2.7

582

3,08

01,

052

4,71

419

2334

2219

864,

044

12,7

153.

13

753

3,37

51,

505

5,63

322

2145

2719

873,

864

14,5

713.

63

1,33

24,

209

2,21

77,

758

3221

5333

1988

16,8

913.

83.

32,

213

5,91

72,

628

10,7

5837

2444

4419

8914

,993

3.8

3.5

1,69

15,

451

2,13

59,

277

3130

3947

1990

4,33

116

,679

3.9

3.7

1,61

95,

237

1,95

68,

812

3133

3745

1991

4,45

518

,595

4.2

3.8

1,45

14,

990

1,04

17,

464

2933

2140

1992

4,45

516

,127

3.6

41,

341

5,25

41,

858

8,45

326

3035

3219

934,

455

16,8

173.

83.

91,

290

4,34

592

66,

561

3029

2131

1994

4,87

811

,639

2.4

3.9

1,46

65,

946

1,61

69,

028

2528

2726

1995

5,15

217

,328

3.4

3.3

1,28

55,

852

774

7,91

122

2713

2819

964,

984

14,3

372.

93.

297

74,

960

669

7,11

520

2624

2019

974,

774

15,0

203.

12.

91,

364

6,24

11,

731

9,36

322

2228

2119

984,

864

14,2

052.

93.

11,

131

5,17

41,

130

7,43

522

2122

2219

995,

044

12,3

672.

53.

01,

380

5,14

51,

778

8,30

327

2135

2420

003,

979

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1960

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180

171

125

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334

218

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1991

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189

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96

HUNT HUNTER PERCENTHUNT NUMBER TAGS HUNTERS DAYS DOES BUCKS TOTAL SUCCESS

SWAN LAKE* 432T 3 4 8 4 4 100PAULINA UNIT 435 21 19 45 15 15 79MAURY UNIT 436 31 29 89 27 27 93OCHOCO UNIT 437 93 84 279 56 56 67GRIZZLY UNIT 438 17 16 93 8 8 50MAUPIN-WEST BIGGS NO. 1 440A1 5 11 19 4 4 36COLUMBIA PLATEAU NO. 2 443A2 10 9 25 4 4 44MURDERERS CREEK UNIT 446 63 59 223 34 34 58NORTH SUMPTER 451A 8 8 17 7 7 88SOUTH SUMPTER 451B 13 12 39 12 12 100KEATING UNIT 463 11 9 28 8 8 89LOOKOUT MT UNIT 464 16 16 46 12 12 75BEULAH UNIT* 465 133 138 511 10 63 73 53MALHEUR RIVER UNIT NO.1 466A1 105 89 322 65 65 73MALHEUR RIVER UNIT NO.2 466A2 106 92 335 56 56 61OWYHEE UNIT* 467 79 91 269 12 41 53 58WHITEHORSE UNIT NO.1* 468A1 131 125 422 6 83 89 71WHITEHORSE UNIT NO.2* 468A2 133 122 406 1 99 100 82STEENS MT 469A 124 116 274 105 105 91EAST BEATYS BUTTE 470A 102 97 301 76 76 78WEST BEATYS BUTTE 470B 52 51 160 49 49 96HART MT 470C 30 29 63 29 29 100JUNIPER 471A 91 88 281 81 81 92SILVIES UNIT NO. 1 472A1 42 41 164 21 21 51SILVIES UNIT NO. 2 472A2 41 40 128 37 37 93NORTH WAGONTIRE 473A 37 37 104 32 32 86SOUTH WAGONTIRE 473B 47 45 147 33 33 73WARNER UNIT NO.1 474A 52 52 132 47 47 90WARNER UNIT NO.2 474B 53 53 137 46 46 87E INTERSTATE NO. 1* 475A1 26 33 96 1 20 21 64GERBER RESERVOIR* 475T 26 25 100 2 14 16 64EAST FORT ROCK-SILVER LAKE 476A 35 31 94 20 20 65EAST SLOPE* 477A 11 5 26 0 0

TOTAL RIFLE BUCK HUNTS * either sex 1,747 1,676 5,383 32 1,208 1,240 74

COLUMBIA PLATEAU NO. 1 443A1 33 36 119 10 10 28SOUTH FOSSIL 445A 6 7 17 4 4 57JOHN DAY VALLEY 446A 28 32 97 14 14 44HARNEY BASIN 466B 66 73 156 49 49 67RILEY 472B 33 25 100 6 6 24EAST INTERSTATE NO. 2 475A2 39 29 105 16 16 55

TOTAL RIFLE (horns shorter than ears) 205 202 594 99 99 49

2008 PRONGHORN SEASON

HARVEST



97

HUNT HUNTER PERCENTHUNT NUMBER TAGS HUNTERS DAYS DOES BUCKS TOTAL SUCCESS

MAURY BOW 436R 99 67 229 5 5 10 15GRIZZLY BOW 438R 22 8 25LOOKOUT MT BOW 464R 11 7 19 2 2 29MALHEUR RIVER BOW 466R 66 47 202 2 9 11 23OWYHEE BOW 467R 83 51 218 7 7 14HART MT BOW 470R 20 20 72 20 20 100WEST BEATYS BUTTE BOW 470R1 33 33 128 13 13 39WARNER BOW 474R 44 38 228 2 10 12 32EAST INTERSTATE BOW 475R 50 24 135 4 9 13 54GERBER RESERVOIR BOW 475R1 220 147 594 2 13 15 10EAST SLOPE BOW 477R 110 23 88 2 2 9

TOTAL BOW (horns longer than ears) 758 465 1,938 15 90 105 23

EAST BEATYS BUTTE MUZZ 470M 54 49 222 21 21 43SOUTH WAGONTIRE MUZZ 473M 31 28 117 9 9 32GERBER RESERVOIR MUZZ 475M 55 56 258 3 3 5EAST FORT ROCK/SILVER LK MUZZ 476M 37 33 130 1 8 9 27EAST SLOPE MUZZLELOADER 477M 11 7 20 1 1 14

TOTAL MUZZLELOADER (either sex) 188 173 747 1 42 43 25

PRONGHORN SEASON GRAND TOTALS 2,898 2,516 8,662 48 1,439 1,487 59

2008 PRONGHORN SEASON

HARVEST


Big Game Statistics: Bear

98



99

BEAR: Table of Contents

OverviewLife history ........................................................................................................ 97Food ................................................................................................................. 97Distribution ...................................................................................................... 98Management .................................................................................................... 98

2009 Statistical ReportsControlled spring bear season harvest ................................................................ 100General season black bear harvest .................................................................... 101Oregon general bear season and harvest summary ............................................ 103



100

Overview

Once hunted as a predator and nuisance animal for bounty, the black bear (Ursus

americanus) received game mammal status in 1970. Since then bear numbers have

increased under a more conservative harvest strategy. However, larger bear populations

and statutory changes to management alternatives have increased the complexity of

bear management.

Color of individual black bears may vary greatly and includes many shades of black

and brown. Black is by far the most common color in western Oregon. But nearly

3/4 of bears in eastern Oregon have some shade of brown. The preponderance of

brown-phase black bears could explain the occasional grizzly bear sightings reported in

northeastern Oregon.

Life History

Black bear breed primarily in June and July and cubs are generally born in the den

during January or February during hibernation. Because lactating females do not breed,

alternate year pregnancies are typical in black bear. Black bear litter size varies from one

to six cubs, with two young per litter most common. In years of poor food production,

litter sizes tend to be smaller.

Young generally remain with the female for slightly over one year and disperse as

yearlings in the spring, when females breed again. Once born, cubs have a relatively

high chance of survival; however, all or part of a litter may be lost to factors such as

predation, disease, or cannibalism (primarily by adult male bears). If a female loses her

litter, she will generally breed the following season.

Bears are long-lived animals. In Oregon, bears 20 years old and older have been

documented. The fact that a number of animals reach this age indicates that adult survival

rates are fairly high. However, survival rates may vary by age class, sex and location.

Food

Because bears must eat and store 12 months’ worth of energy in only 8-10 months,

their behavior is dominated by a desire to fi ll their stomachs. As a result, bears have

a very diverse diet that includes a wide range of plants and animals. Their annual diet

consists mostly of plant material, but bears also will scavenge carrion or kill for food.


Salem, OR 97303

www.dfw.state.or.us

Bear



101

When a bear emerges from its den, it seeks any

abundant food source to replace body mass lost

during hibernation, and to build body reserves in

preparation for the coming winter.

Bear foraging areas change seasonally. In spring, just

after emergence from the den, bears may select open

hillsides or clearcuts for foraging, because these areas

are the fi rst to green up. In some areas, bears may

prey on newborn elk calves and deer fawns when

they are vulnerable during the fi rst few weeks of life.

As the seasons progress, bears often move to utilize

more readily available food resources. Bears seek out

berries and nuts when and where available. Moist

sites are preferred, regardless of the time of year.

Early successional vegetation that occurs following

forest disturbances such as timber harvest or fi re

generally provides desirable food concentrations for

bear. As forests mature, food production for bears

decreases and animals shift foraging areas to those

providing the most desirable grasses, forbs, berries

and shrubs. Most desirable for bear management are

those timber harvest practices that open extensive

dense canopies, increase diversity of the plant species

that provide foods for bear, leave trees for escape, and

maintain large hollow trees and snags for denning.

Bears typically forage at night. However as winter

denning approaches, bears may forage more during

daylight because of the need to store fat reserves.

Additionally, bears may forage more during daylight

when food availability is poor (drought, late spring,

poor berry crop).

Distribution

Historically, black and grizzly bears (U. arctos) were

both native to Oregon; however, the last grizzly bear

documented in Oregon was killed in Wallowa County

in 1937. Occasionally grizzlies are reported in Oregon

but no evidence to substantiate these reports exists.

These are likely sightings of light or cinnamon colored

black bears.

The highest black bear population densities are found

in the Coast Range, Siskyou, Cascade, Wallowa, and

Blue Mountains. Black bear distribution in Oregon

tends to be restricted to forest zones, typifying

their preference and need for forest ecosystems.

The availability of trees to climb for safety directly

infl uences bear survival (particularly for cubs). Shade

provided by forest cover is important to bears for

thermo-regulation during hot periods of the year.

Stumps and logs are important sources of den sites

used for hibernation, birthing, and rearing cubs.

Bears tend to prefer heavy cover adjacent to foraging

areas for resting. Typically, a bear will hollow out a

small bed for resting in a location that is sheltered

from environmental extremes. The location of bed

sites changes as the bear changes foraging areas.

Management

Since an annual census of bears is not yet feasible,

the department has used other methods of assessing

overall population health and the impact of

harvest on the population. Monitoring sex and age

characteristics of the harvest is biologically sound

and used by managers to track trends in overall bear

population health, size, and structure.

Black bear populations are diffi cult to estimate

because of the animal’s secretive nature, relatively

low density compared to animals like deer and elk,

and their ability to use natural cover. In southwestern

Oregon, biologists have been using tetracycline

wrapped in bacon to mark bears to estimate the

bear population. Once eaten, the tetracycline

marks a ring in the teeth similar to a tree ring. Bear

teeth submitted by hunters and from bears taken

on damage are examined to age the bear and

determine if it was “marked” by tetracycline. Under a

microscope and ultraviolet light, the markings on the

teeth from the tetracycline can be seen. The ratio of

marked to unmarked bears can be used to develop

an improved population estimate. In 2005, the bear

marking project using tetracycline has been expanded



102

from SW Oregon to statewide. In order for the study

to be successful and provide accurate estimates of

bear populations, it is essential that hunters provide

teeth from harvested bears.

Black bear population studies in several states

(including Idaho, Alaska, and Arizona) indicate that

lightly hunted black bear populations have a high

percentage of adult males (30 percent or more), a

high ratio of adults to sub-adults (60:40 or more), and

a median age of four to fi ve years or greater. Heavily

hunted populations had relatively low percentages of

adult males, adult to sub-adult ratios favoring sub-

adults, and median ages of four years or less.

A mandatory check-in of all harvested bear is required

in Idaho and Montana for the purpose of population

analysis. Beginning in 2008, the skull of any bears

harvested must be presented to an ODFW offi ce, or

designated collection site within 10 days of the kill to

be checked and marked.

All data indicates that current harvest levels are not

detrimental to bear population structure. In addition,

bear damage problems have increased in recent years,

indicating a stable or increasing population.



103

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2817

53

311

5874

6AS

OU

TH B

LUE

MTS

275

141

486

22

124

374

9AW

ES

T B

LUE

MTS

184

139

604

234

2719

2275

2AS

TAR

KE

Y U

NIT

220

116

454

756

WE

NA

HA

UN

IT24

814

863

49

716

1140

756T

WE

NA

HA

UN

IT Y

OU

TH55

1865

757A

SLE

D S

PR

ING

S-C

HE

SN

IMN

US

275

171

917

178

2515

3775

7TS

LED

SP

RIN

GS

-CH

ES

YO

UTH

8844

208

33

769

759A

SN

AK

E R

IVE

R55

026

912

3414

923

954

760A

MIN

AM

-IMN

AH

A24

812

857

69

817

1334

760T

MIN

AM

-IMN

AH

A Y

OU

TH55

1138

762A

PIN

E C

R-K

EA

TIN

G-C

ATH

ER

INE

CR

440

244

1076

137

208

5476

4LO

OK

OU

T M

T U

NIT

4428

112

22

756

SPR

ING

BEA

R S

EASO

N T

OTA

LS7,

573

4,21

524

,233

265

9836

39

67

2008

CO

NTR

OLL

ED S

PRIN

G B

EAR

SEA

SON

HA

RVE

ST



104

HUNTER HARVEST PERCENT DAYS/BEARUNIT/AREA HUNTERS DAYS MALE FEMALE UNKNOWN TOTAL SUCCESS HARVESTED

WESTERN OREGON

10 755 10742 18 18 2 59711 503 948412 431 5712 18 18 36 8 15914 1204 12142 18 18 1 67515 521 630517 305 447318 1348 16992

NORTHWEST 5,067 65,850 54 18 72 1 915

20 1365 15968 18 18 18 54 4 29623 539 5802 18 18 3 32224 1275 1970525 287 346726 252 341327 593 4939 18 18 3 27428 629 7023 18 18 36 6 19529 557 8837 36 36 6 245

SOUTHWEST 5,497 69,154 108 36 18 162 3 427

16 2371 28632 18 18 1 1,59119 1204 15914 36 18 54 4 29521 1186 14513 36 36 3 40322 629 6323 54 18 72 11 8830 1616 21411 18 18 1 1,19031 234 2012 18 18 8 11234 305 3646 36 36 12 10139 198 208341 467 3413 18 18 4 19042 234 2802

CASCADES 8,444 100,749 216 54 270 3 373

WESTERN OREGON TOTAL 19,008 235,753 378 108 18 504 3 468

2008 GENERAL SEASON BLACK BEAR HARVEST



105

HUNTER HARVEST PERCENT DAYS/BEARUNIT/AREA HUNTERS DAYS MALE FEMALE UNKNOWN TOTAL SUCCESS HARVESTED

EASTERN OREGON

32 126 485 18 18 14 2733 144 150935 216 165336 18 1837 395 3377 18 18 5 18838 252 192240 18 62943 18 18044 36 55745 180 185046 593 601747 467 5101 18 18 4 28348 611 626949 719 6610 18 18 3 36750 683 630551 449 3682 18 18 36 8 10252 1060 12645 18 18 2 70353 323 3988 18 18 6 22254 395 4275 18 18 36 9 11955 126 106056 234 237157 324 2821 18 18 6 15758 287 276659 449 4078 18 18 4 22760 198 174361 413 3089 36 36 9 8662 395 3413 54 54 14 6363 234 296464 162 181465 611 6431 18 18 36 6 17966 449 5910 18 18 4 3286768 36 46769 36 234707172 359 357473 18 3674 36 55775 305 271276 108 77277 288 2803

EASTERN OREGON TOTAL 11,771 116,687 180 180 360 3 324

STATEWIDE TOTALS 30,779 352,440 558 288 18 864 3 408

2008 GENERAL SEASON BLACK BEAR HARVEST



106

O

REG

ON

GEN

ERA

L B

EAR

SEA

SON

AN

D H

AR

VEST

SU

MM

AR

Y

TAG

S

H

AR

VEST

HU

NTE

RH

UN

TER

DA

YS/

DA

YS/

YEA

RSE

ASO

N D

ATE

SA

REA

SOLD

HU

NTE

RS

MA

LEFE

MA

LEU

NK

NO

WN

TOTA

LSU

CC

ESS

DA

YSH

UN

TER

BEA

R

1975

July

01-

Dec

. 31/

Coa

st &

NE

Aug

. 01-

Nov

. 30

Ent

ire S

tate

17,9

2416

,247

----

--1,

841

11%

148,

092

980

1976

Aug

. 01-

Dec

. 31/

Coa

st &

NE

Aug

. 01-

Nov

. 30

Ent

ire S

tate

14,6

6011

,043

----

--1,

074

10%

102,

557

995

1977

Aug

. 01-

Dec

. 31/

Coa

st &

NE

Aug

. 01-

Nov

. 30

Ent

ire S

tate

15,8

4712

,883

----

--92

07%

133,

570

1014

519

78A

ug. 0

1-D

ec. 3

13/

4 of

Sta

te8,

770

1N

o S

urve

y--

----

506

----

----

1979

Sep

. 01-

Nov

. 30

3/4

of S

tate

15,7

051

11,3

24--

----

812

7%11

8,33

810

146

1980

Aug

. 23-

Nov

. 30

Ent

ire S

tate

14,7

621

11,0

72--

----

958

9%--

----

1981

Aug

. 29-

Nov

. 30

Ent

ire S

tate

15,5

031

10,1

24--

----

783

8%11

3,72

211

145

1982

Sep

. 04-

Nov

. 30

Ent

ire S

tate

21,5

861

16,7

56--

----

1,31

38%

196,

713

1215

019

83A

ug. 2

7-N

ov. 3

0E

ntire

Sta

te25

,474

120

,500

----

--1,

420

7%31

4,31

515

221

1984

Aug

. 25-

Nov

. 30

Ent

ire S

tate

26,7

531

No

Sur

vey

----

--(1

,350

)2--

----

--19

85A

ug. 2

4-N

ov. 3

0E

ntire

Sta

te25

,863

1N

o S

urve

y--

----

(1,2

50)2

----

----

1986

Aug

. 23-

Nov

. 30

Ent

ire S

tate

25,9

281

20,7

4880

047

610

01,

376

7%23

9,34

612

174

1987

Aug

. 22-

Nov

. 30

Ent

ire S

tate

25,4

961

17,6

6660

027

777

954

5%20

2,87

911

213

1988

Aug

. 20-

Nov

. 30

Ent

ire S

tate

20,7

711

15,9

2050

123

666

803

5%16

9,33

511

211

1989

Aug

. 26-

Nov

. 30

Ent

ire S

tate

19,4

671

16,7

8141

721

631

664

4%20

2,12

512

304

1990

Aug

. 25-

Nov

. 30

Ent

ire S

tate

20,3

751

17,0

8059

627

418

888

5%21

7,45

913

245

1991

Aug

. 24-

Nov

. 30

Ent

ire S

tate

12,0

203

9,56

973

338

851

1,17

212

%11

7,61

612

100

1992

Aug

. 29-

Nov

. 30

Ent

ire S

tate

16,5

731

11,8

8255

523

713

805

7%16

0,00

413

199

1993

Aug

. 28-

Nov

. 30

Ent

ire S

tate

17,1

901

13,7

4984

132

315

1,17

99%

183,

666

1315

619

94A

ug. 2

7-N

ov. 3

0E

ntire

Sta

te17

,242

113

,672

905

280

651,

250

9%19

8,36

315

159

1995

Aug

. 26-

Nov

. 30

Ent

ire S

tate

13,9

811

12,5

0647

414

010

624

5%17

3,76

514

278

1996

Aug

. 24-

Nov

. 30

Ent

ire S

tate

22,1

944

20,6

7255

227

256

880

4%28

2,67

014

321

1997

Aug

. 30-

Nov

. 30

Ent

ire S

tate

23,8

191

20,7

5550

313

88

649

3%23

8,51

411

368

1998

Aug

. 29-

Nov

. 30

Ent

ire S

tate

27,3

101

26,2

3555

626

416

836

3%38

2,12

715

457

1999

Aug

. 28-

Nov

. 30

Ent

ire S

tate

34,6

971

27,5

5256

826

424

856

3%37

9,63

914

444

2000

Aug

. 01-

Nov

. 305

Ent

ire S

tate

37,5

061

34,4

1867

627

724

977

3%48

9,33

714

501

2001

Aug

. 01-

Nov

. 305

Ent

ire S

tate

39,9

711

36,8

9337

921

630

625

2%55

3,97

015

886

2002

Aug

. 01-

Nov

. 305

Ent

ire S

tate

41,9

111

31,6

4966

923

150

950

3%38

4,58

512

405

2003

Aug

. 01-

Nov

. 305

Ent

ire S

tate

39,8

171

32,2

6061

323

222

867

3%35

2,47

611

407

2004

No

Har

vest

Sur

vey

39,2

031

----

----

----

----

--20

05A

ug. 0

1-N

ov. 3

05E

ntire

Sta

te39

,368

131

,042

430

231

5571

62%

358,

332

1250

020

06A

ug. 0

1-N

ov. 3

05E

ntire

Sta

te40

,675

129

,077

668

261

6098

93%

305,

330

1130

920

07A

ug. 0

1-N

ov. 3

05E

ntire

Sta

te44

,749

131

,711

569

179

--74

82%

338,

597

1145

320

08A

ug. 0

1-N

ov. 3

05E

ntire

Sta

te45

,576

30,7

7955

828

818

864

3%35

2,44

011

408

1 Tag

Sal

e D

eadl

ine

2 Bas

ed o

n R

epor

t Car

d R

etur

ns3 T

ag S

ale

Dea

dlin

e C

hang

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Day

Bef

ore

Arc

hery

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son

From

Day

Bef

ore

Gen

eral

Rifl

e D

eer S

easo

n 4 T

ag S

ale

Dea

dlin

e R

etur

ned

to S

ame

as G

ener

al R

ifle

Dee

r Sea

son

Bag

Lim

it: O

ne B

ear;

Cub

s Le

ss T

han

1 Y

ear O

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ows

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ecem

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1


Big Game Statistics: Cougar

107

COUGAR: Table of Contents

OverviewLife history ........................................................................................................ 108Food habits ....................................................................................................... 109Distribution ...................................................................................................... 109Density ............................................................................................................. 109Management ..................................................................................................... 110

2009 Statistical ReportsCougar harvest trend ........................................................................................ 111Cougar harvest and quota by hunt zone ........................................................... 112Cougar harvest summary .................................................................................. 113



108

Overview

Once hunted as a predator and nuisance animal for bounty, the cougar (Puma concolor)

received game mammal status in 1967. Since then cougar numbers have increased

under a more conservative harvest strategy. However, larger cougar populations and

statutory changes to management alternatives have increased the complexity of cougar

management.

The largest member of the cat family in Oregon, the cougar (Puma concolor), is known

by many names: panther, puma, catamount, mountain lion, and most commonly,

cougar. Historically, the cougar had one of the most extensive distributions of any North

American wildlife species. The cougar is a secretive animal that is perceived by many as

a symbol of wilderness and the western backcountry.

Although few people have the opportunity to see a cougar, increased observations,

road kill incidents, and increasing damage complaints indicate the statewide cougar

population has increased substantially since 1980.

Life History

Wild cougar in good health are usually sexually mature by 24 months of age, and

normally give birth by the age of 36 months. Few cougar live past the age of 10-12

years in the wild; however, several as old as 17 years have been turned in to ODFW in

recent years. Cougar breed year-round, but studies in Nevada, Utah, Idaho, and here

in Oregon reported that most births occurred during late spring and summer following

an approximate 90-day gestation period. This “pulse” in mountain lion births generally

coincides with the spring birth pulse in prey species such as deer and elk. Most females

give birth at approximately 24-month intervals, with some giving birth every 12-15

months.

Female cougar may have 1 to 6 young per litter. Studies in Oregon show an average

of 2.8 kittens per litter. Cougar can quickly replace individuals lost from the population

because of their relatively high reproductive potential. The recruitment trend of the

cougar population is a signifi cant factor in developing management strategies, harvest

seasons, and quotas.

Cougar populations should stabilize as they approach carrying capacity, which is

determined by prey abundance, habitat, and social tolerance between cougars. Cougar

kittens remain with their mothers until 15-24 months of age. Once separated from their


Salem, OR 97303

www.dfw.state.or.us

Cou

gar



109

mothers, kittens, or sub-adults, will search for a new

territory. If these dispersing animals survive, they will

ultimately establish a home range of 50 to 200 square

miles. Sub-adult males typically disperse farther than

females, and may establish a home range as far as

100 miles from the area where they were born. Males

generally use larger areas (up to 200 sq. mi.) than

females, and their territories usually overlap those of

one or more females.

Adult males on established territories generally do

not tolerate other males within their home range.

Dispersal of kittens or sub-adults is an important

factor in maintaining cougar populations by replacing

cougar in vacated areas. This dispersal period is a

dangerous time for young cougars. Studies indicate

that cougar kill each other at fairly high rates. Long-

term livestock depredation and dispersal into human

population areas may occur when the natural habitats

become occupied as cougar populations approach

carrying capacity.

Health of the cougar population is integrally linked to

the health of their primary prey species. When severe

winter conditions or large-scale habitat loss severely

reduce local deer or elk populations, cougars may

depress population recovery of the herd. However,

when local prey populations are severely reduced

(regardless of cause), the cougar population that

depends on them also faces eventual decline.

Food Habits

Throughout the western United States, deer and elk

are the main food of cougar; Oregon is no exception.

Radio collared cougar in northeastern Oregon

consumed (in order of decreasing frequency): mule

deer, Rocky Mountain elk, porcupine, snowshoe hare,

and deer mice. Winter foods for cougar in Oregon’s

Cascade Range were principally black-tailed deer and

porcupine. Another Oregon study indicated deer, elk,

and porcupine were the most common winter food

items. In some areas, bighorn sheep are an important

prey species.

The number of prey consumed by an individual

cougar varies with the cougar’s sex, age, and

reproductive status, as well as weather conditions

(spoilage in warm temperatures) and scavenging by

other species such as birds and coyotes. In general,

an adult cougar will kill a deer or elk about every 7-10

days. If the kill is scavenged or spoils due to warm

temperatures, cougar will kill more often. Females

with young will kill more often than solitary cougars.

Distribution

Cougar are highly adaptable and widely distributed,

occurring in a broad spectrum of habitats ranging

from desert to alpine environments. They are very

closely associated with deer and elk habitat, due to

their dependence on these species for food. Cougar

are now distributed statewide.

Biologists believe the most productive cougar

habitat in western Oregon is the Douglas fi r/

trailing blackberry type, with an old growth forest

component. The best eastern Oregon habitat is

thought to be the open mixed-conifer type of the

Blue Mountains, including the pine-bunchgrass type

and the canyon country of northeastern Oregon. All

Oregon cougar habitats are also productive deer,

bighorn sheep and/or elk areas.

Density

Cougar density is primarily infl uenced by a

combination of prey availability, habitat structure,

and tolerance for other cougars. Generally, prey

availability is directly related to the quality of habitat

for prey species. In turn, prey availability directly

infl uences cougar reproduction and mortality rates.

Studies indicate cougar populations increase as

available prey increases.

Because cougars are territorial animals, population

growth rate decreases as density of cougars increases.

As population density increases, a large number



110

of young cougars disperse into unoccupied or less

densely occupied habitat, and mortality rates from

fi ghting and cannibalism increase. The dependence

of cougars on their prey and their territorial social

structure explain why cougar numbers do not reach

levels observed in many other wildlife species.

Management

Controlled hunt seasons were authorized for cougar

between 1970 and 1994. Since then, unlimited

tags have been allowed for a general statewide

season. Harvest quotas have been established by six

geographical zones to ensure that the population in

an area is not over harvested. Cougar quota hunt

zones are described in the Big Game Regulations.

If a quota is reached in a particular zone, that zone

will be closed to further cougar hunting for the year.

Year-round seasons were authorized in 1997 to

address high levels of damage in selected areas of

southwestern Oregon. Beginning in 2005, hunters

may purchase two tags and take two cougars in

eastern Oregon. Beginning in 2007, the additional

tag is valid for statewide.

Hunters are required to check in the hide of any

cougar taken, as well as the reproductive tract of

any female cougar, to an ODFW offi ce, with skull

and proof of sex attached. The department evaluates

sex and age structure of all cougar mortalities,

(including cougar taken on damage) to monitor the

overall health of the population. This information

is particularly important because it is impossible to

conduct an annual census of cougars.

The age distribution of harvested cougars is used

as an indicator of population health and to monitor

impacts of hunting on a population. The department

has revised the Cougar Management Plan, which was

adopted by the Commission in April 2006.



111

UNIT # UNIT 2005 2006 2007 2008 UNIT # UNIT 2005 2006 2007 2008

ZONE A NORTH CASCADES ZONE EBLUE MOUNTAINS

10 Saddle Mountain 37 Ochoco 9 4 7 511 Scappoose 1 46 Murderers Creek 3 9 3 712 Wilson 47 Northside 1 10 11 514 Trask 2 1 48 Heppner 10 12 9 1015 Willamette 2 2 1 1 49 Ukiah 7 11 12 1616 Santiam 9 16 12 13 50 Desolation 6 7 5 517 Stott Mountain 1 1 2 51 Sumpter 8 11 6 1318 Alsea 2 9 7 10 52 Starkey 6 10 6 620 Siuslaw 4 2 5 5 53 Catherine Creek 5 3 6 524 Tioga 5 5 4 5 54 Mount Emily 6 5 8 625 Sixes 5 2 2 1 55 Walla Walla 5 126 Powers 1 3 3 2 56 Wenaha 3 6 6 427 Chetco 1 4 5 2 57 Sled Springs 4 7 8 939 Metolius 2 2 3 58 Chesnimnus 1 4 541 White River 3 4 8 7 59 Snake River 6 2 142 Hood 1 1 60 Minam 2 5 1 3

Zone A Total 38 48 50 53 61 Imnaha 4 3 362 Pine Creek 1 3 2 1

ZONE B SOUTHWEST CASCADES 63 Keating 2 4 4 564 Lookout Mountain 9 6 1 7

19 McKenzie 8 6 8 9 Zone E Total 87 126 110 10921 Indigo 1 3 4 222 Dixon 6 5 16 10 ZONE F SOUTHEAST23 Melrose 1 7 5 428 Applegate 4 3 7 4 36 Maury 2 1 5 329 Evans Creek 5 5 6 3 65 Beulah 8 8 6 830 Rogue 2 13 8 5 66 Malheur River 13 8 4 431 Keno 1 2 3 67 Owyhee 1 4 3

Zone B Total 28 42 56 40 68 Whitehorse 2 369 Steens Mountain 2 3 4 3

ZONE C SOUTHEAST CASCADES 70 Beatys Butte 1 1 4 271 Juniper 1 2 1

32 Klamath Falls 2 8 8 5 72 Silvies 7 6 6 533 Sprague 1 2 1 73 Wagontire 1 1 234 Upper Deschutes 1 2 3 3 74 Warner 2 6 10 135 Paulina 5 2 6 4 Zone F Total 37 39 43 3575 Interstate 7 6 8 776 Silver Lake 3 1 1 177 Fort Rock 1 3

Zone C Total 19 22 30 20

ZONE D COLUMBIA BASINGRAND TOTAL 221 289 308 273

38 Grizzly 5 3 7 540 Maupin 1 4 243 Biggs 1 1 3 444 Columbia Basin 1 1 145 Fossil 5 6 5 4

Zone D Total 12 12 19 16With adoption of the revised Cougar Management Plan April 13, 2006, all known cougar mortalities now count toward zone quotas.To account for this shift and be consistent with population and conflict objectives adopted in the plan, the statewide cougarmortality quota increased 16% from 668 to 777 effective upon adoption. When total human caused mortality reaches thequota for a zone, hunting season will close in that zone.

2008 Cougar Harvest Trend

HARVEST HARVEST



112

2006

2007

2008

HU

NTE

RN

ON

-HU

NTE

RTO

TAL

HU

NTE

RN

ON

-HU

NTE

RTO

TAL

HU

NTE

RN

ON

-HU

NTE

RTO

TAL

ZON

EN

AM

EQ

UO

TAH

AR

VEST

MO

RTA

LITY

MO

RTA

LITY

HA

RVE

STM

OR

TALI

TYM

OR

TALI

TYH

AR

VEST

MO

RTA

LITY

MO

RTA

LITY

AC

oast

/ N

orth

Cas

cade

s12

048

3482

5046

9653

4194

BS

outh

wes

t Cas

cade

s16

542

3779

5652

108

4066

106

CS

outh

east

Cas

cade

s65

2212

3430

535

205

25D

Col

umbi

a B

asin

6212

2941

1928

4716

1935

EB

lue

Mou

ntai

ns24

512

635

161

110

7218

210

964

173

FS

outh

east

Ore

gon

120

3917

5643

2669

3522

57TO

TAL

777

289

164

453

308

229

537

273

217

490

With

ado

ptio

n of

the

revi

sed

Cou

gar M

anag

emen

t Pla

n A

pril

13, 2

006,

all

know

n co

ugar

mor

talit

ies

now

cou

nt to

war

d zo

ne q

uota

s.To

acc

ount

for t

his

shift

and

be

cons

iste

nt w

ith p

opul

atio

n an

d co

nflic

t obj

ectiv

es a

dopt

ed in

the

plan

, the

sta

tew

ide

coug

arm

orta

lity

quot

a in

crea

sed

16%

from

668

to 7

77 e

ffect

ive

upon

ado

ptio

n. W

hen

tota

l hum

an c

ause

d m

orta

lity

reac

hes

the

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a fo

r a z

one,

hun

ting

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on w

ill c

lose

in th

at z

one.

CO

UG

AR

HA

RVE

ST A

ND

QU

OTA

BY

HU

NT

ZON

E



113

TAG

STA

GS

TAG

SH

AR

VEST

PER

CEN

T YE

AR

AU

THO

RIZ

EDH

UN

TER

SH

AR

VEST

AU

THO

RIZ

EDH

UN

TER

SH

AR

VEST

AU

THO

RIZ

EDH

UN

TER

SH

AR

VEST

QU

OTA

SUC

CES

S

1970

2516

10--

----

2516

1063

1971

----

15--

--3

100

6818

2619

7275

4622

----

--75

4622

4819

7383

5516

----

--83

5516

2919

7475

3416

----

--75

3416

4719

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Big Game Statistics: Bighorn Sheep

114

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TALS



115

BIGHORN SHEEP: Table of Contents

OverviewLife history ........................................................................................................ 116Habitat and habitat management options .......................................................... 116Distribution ...................................................................................................... 117Management .................................................................................................... 117Inventory ........................................................................................................... 118

2009 Statistical ReportsBighorn sheep herd composition, fall and spring ............................................... 119Bighorn sheep season harvest ........................................................................... 121



116

Overview

Historically, 2 subspecies of bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) were native to Oregon. The

Rocky Mountain subspecies (O. c. canadensis) inhabited the northeastern corner of the

state from the John Day-Burnt River divide, north and east to the Snake River and the

Oregon-Washington state line. The California subspecies (O. c. californiana) ranged over

southeast and southcentral Oregon and through much of the John Day and Deschutes

River drainages.

Settlement of the west brought with it overhunting, changes in land use, domestic

livestock, and associated diseases which negatively impacted native bighorn

populations. Bighorn were gone from Oregon by 1945. Their re-establishment has been

very successful, but not without setbacks, particularly from disease outbreaks.

Life History

Bighorn sheep are gregarious and spend most of the year in group associations of one

form or another. Except for the breeding season, ram groups generally live separately

from ewe-lamb-subadult groups. These ram groups, often called “bachelor groups,”

frequently occupy habitats not used by the ewes and lambs, which reduces competition

for available resources. Ram groups maintain a social hierarchy that is established and

maintained primarily through head butting rituals. This behavior establishes dominance

within the ram segment of the population and results in larger, more dominant rams

doing most of the breeding.

There is little interaction between the sexes until fall, when the groups combine for

the breeding season or rut. In Oregon, the rut usually begins in October, peaks during

November, and ends by early December.

Habitat & Habitat Management Options

In general, bighorn sheep prefer rugged, open habitat that provides high visibility

of their surroundings. Cliffs, rimrock, and rocky outcrops are important habitat

components for bighorn sheep survival. These habitats are particularly important for

lambing and escape from predators. Bighorn sheep do not normally use tree cover to

the extent that deer or elk do, but it is not unusual to fi nd them seeking shade under

conifers, juniper, or mountain mahogany where available.


Salem, OR 97303

www.dfw.state.or.us

Bigh

orn

Shee

p



117

Grasses are a staple in the bighorn’s diet through

most of the year. Forbs and shrubs are of seasonal

importance depending on type and availability. Within

certain plant community types, fi re can be used to

remove the dead, unpalatable remains of forage

plants and renew their growth and vigor, thereby

improving forage quantity and quality. On historic

ranges where the condition of plant communities

is poor, spraying of undesirable plant species and/

or fertilization can be used to improve the forage

resource for bighorn sheep.

Water is an essential requirement of bighorn sheep

and in some cases may limit their distribution,

especially in southeastern Oregon. Habitat

improvements such as spring developments or guzzler

installations have made historic habitat once again

suitable for bighorn sheep.

Distribution

Overall, most established herds are stable to

increasing, although it will take a few years to

evaluate the success of recent transplants. The annual

rate of increase in all populations tends to decrease

as total population size increases. The exact cause for

this drop in productivity or survival is not yet known.

Management

California Bighorn Transplant History

During November 1954, 20 bighorn sheep were

trapped near Williams Lake, British Columbia, and

released in a 1,000-acre holding pasture on the

west face of Hart Mountain. This population thrived

and has been the source of most California bighorn

transplants in Oregon since 1960.

Through February 2005, more than 1,380 California

bighorn have been trapped in southeast Oregon

and transplanted to about 30 sites in Oregon.

Bighorn sheep have also been provided to Nevada,

Washington, Idaho, Wyoming and North Dakota.

Most of these animals are descendants of the original

Williams Lake sheep. In February 2000 16 animals of

Penticton, British Columbia origin, were moved from

Nevada to Steens Mountain to evaluate the effects of

genetics in California bighorn sheep.

Natural range expansion from a population in

Idaho has resulted in establishment of an additional

California bighorn herd in the upper Owyhee River

drainage near the Idaho border in Malheur County.

Transplants of bighorn sheep usually are composed

primarily of females, lambs, and young rams. The

desired ram to ewe ratio for a transplant is one ram

for every three to four ewes. The department does

not attempt to transplant large rams because they are

diffi cult to handle in the capture process and tend to

wander from the release site once released. Continued

trapping and transplanting over time will leave a

population with more adult males than females. As a

result, there will be more rams in the population than

needed for breeding. Therefore, hunting of rams is

used to keep the ram to ewe ratio at desired levels.

Oregon’s bighorn sheep seasons are designed

to provide a quality hunting experience with a

reasonable chance of success. The number of tags

authorized each year are based on total population

size, proportion of rams in the population, and the

availability of mature rams, size of the herd range

(hunt area), and previous lamb recruitment rates.

Some bighorn sheep herd ranges are relatively small,

and hunter crowding could occur if too many permits

were authorized for a specifi c period. Therefore, two

or more consecutive hunts have been authorized in

some herd ranges. Past harvest has rarely exceeded

15 percent of total estimated ram populations and

less than fi ve percent of the total population.

Rocky Mountain Bighorn Transplant History

From 1971 to 2005, 30 transplants totaling over 450

sheep were made to 19 Oregon locations. Transplants

varied from two to 30 animals in 12 separate herds.

In addition, Rocky Mountain bighorns were sent to

Idaho and Washington.



118

Inventory

Bighorns are generally surveyed one to two times per

year by helicopter or from the ground in late fall and

spring. They are classifi ed as ewes, lambs and rams.

Rams are further classifi ed by age class as ¼, ½, ¾

and full curl.



119

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121

CALIFORNIA BIGHORN HUNTS ROCKY MOUNTAIN BIGHORN HUNTS # OF RAMS # OF RAMS

HUNT # HUNT NAME HUNTERS TAKEN HUNT # HUNT NAME HUNTERS TAKEN

543A1 E. John Day River #1 2 2 558A Chesnimnus 1 1543A2 E. John Day River #2 2 1 559A1 Snake River #1 3 3543A3 E. John Day River #3 2 2 559A2 Snake River #2 2 1543A4 W. John Day River #1 1 1 560A Hurricane Divide 2 2543A5 W. John Day River #2 2 2 560B Bear Creek 1 0543A6 W. John Day River #3 1 0 564A1 Lookout Mt #1 1 1543B1 E. Deschutes River #1 2 2 564A2 Lookout Mt #2 1 1543B2 E. Deschutes River #2 2 2 566 Wenaha Unit 1 1543C1 W. Deschutes River #1 2 2543C2 W. Deschutes River #2 1 1546 Murderers Creek 2 1546A Aldrich 2 2546B1 McClellan 2 2551A Burnt River Canyon 1 1566A1 Riverside #1 1 1566A2 Riverside #2 1 1 Total Rocky Mountain Bighorn 12 10567A1 Lower Owyhee #1 2 2567A2 Lower Owyhee #2 2 1568A1 Upper Owyhee #1 2 2568A2 Upper Owyhee #2 2 1 Hunter Success Rate 83%568B East Trout Creek Mts #1 4 4568B East Trout Creek Mts #2 4 4568C1 Alvord-Buckskin #1 2 2568C2 Alvord-Buckskin #2 1 1568D1 Sheepshead Mts #1 1 1568D2 Sheepshead Mts #2 2 2569A1 Steens Mt #1 2 2569A2 Steens Mt #2 2 1569B North Catlow Rim 2 1570A1 Hart Mt. 2 1570B1 East Beatys Butte #1 3 3570B2 East Beatys Butte #2 3 2570C Coleman-E Guano 2 2571A1 Poker Jim 3 3574 Warner Unit 4 4575A S. Central 6 6

Total California Bighorn 77 68Auction Tag, Murderers Creek 1 1

Hunter Success Rate 88% Tag Sold For: $95,000

Raffle Tag, West Deschutes 1 1Total Ticket Sales: $64,024

Upper Owyhee #2, East Beatys Butte #2, South Central, Poker Jim, and Snake River #2.

2008 BIGHORN SHEEP SEASON HARVEST

GRAND TOTALS:Hunters = 89 Sheep

Taken = 78 with88% Success

NOTE: According to Oregon Revised Statutes, no less than 5% and no more than 10% of Bighorn Sheep tagswill be issued to non-residents. In 2008, 6 non-resident tags were issued; one each in West John Day River #2,


Big Game Statistics: Rocky Mountain Goats

122



123

ROCKY MOUNTAIN GOATS: Table of Contents

OverviewLife history ........................................................................................................ 124Distribution ...................................................................................................... 124Management...................................................................................................... 125

2009 Statistical ReportsRocky mountain goat herd composition ............................................................ 126Rocky mountain goat season harvest ..................................................................127



124

Overview

Rocky Mountain goats (Oreamnos americanus) are native only to the rugged mountains

of western North America. The presence of mountain goats in Oregon prior to

European settlement is supported by archeological evidence in Hells Canyon and

Wildcat Canyon, 30 miles east of The Dalles. Rocky Mountain goats were apparently

extirpated from Oregon prior to, or soon after, European settlement.

Life History

Mountain goat pelage is comprised of white wool and white guard hairs. Their hooves

have cushion-like pads surrounded by a hard shell, allowing a grip on smooth rock

surfaces. During summer months females molt about a month later than males, which

is useful in determining sex of adults. Animals will often rub against obstacles, leaving

clumps of discarded wool on shrubs and trees.

Age can be determined by counting horn rings as with bighorn sheep. The fi rst ring is

formed during the second winter at 22 months of age. Black glands behind the horns

are used for marking territory during the rut by rubbing brush. Females can normally

breed at 2 ½ years of age, usually producing a single kid, although twins are not

uncommon. Breeding takes place from early November to mid-December. Kids are born

approximately seven months later during late May or early June.

Cougar and golden eagles are the most signifi cant predators of mountain goats.

Golden eagles take newborn kids and sometimes knock young sheep from cliffs.

Accidental death is also a signifi cant mortality factor.

Diet varies among populations according to the geographical location and plant

availability. Grasses, shrubs, and mosses or lichens are consumed. Salt licks are used

extensively during the summer.

Distribution

The Elkhorn Mountains herd is found from Anthony Lakes on the northwest end to

Marble Creek, going southeast. Mountain goats from the Elkhorn herd have dispersed

to locations to the west such as Indian Rock, Vinegar Hill, Dixie Mountain, Cable Creek,

and the Strawberry Mountains.


Salem, OR 97303

www.dfw.state.or.us

Rock

y M

ount

ain

Goa

ts



125

In the Wallowa Mountains, the highest densities of

mountain goats are found along the Hurwal and

Hurricane Divides. Small satellite populations occur

in the Cusick Mountain and McCubbin Basin areas.

Mountain Goats also are found in the Hat Point area

of the Snake River Unit. All populations are the result

of reintroduction efforts by ODFW.

Management

Inventory and composition counts of mountain

goats are conducted by fi xed-wing aircraft and

ground counts. Groundwork takes place during

August, while fl ights are completed in September.

Counts from the air classify animals as adult and kid,

while ground surveys allow detailed observation to

determine sex.

Transplant History

Transplants have been made to the Wallowa

Mountains, Elkhorn Mountains, Snake River unit,

and the Columbia River Gorge. Three transplants

(Wallowa, Elkhorn Mountains and Snake River unit)

successfully established mountain goat herds while

the Columbia River Gorge attempt failed.

Mountain goats were reintroduced to the Wallowa

Mountains in 1950 when fi ve animals from the

Chopaka Mountains in Washington were released

at the base of Joseph Mountain. This population

increased until 1965 when hunting seasons

started. They were hunted through 1968 when low

populations resulted in the termination of hunting.

Supplemental transplants from Misty Fjord, Alaska

and Olympic National Park, Washington from 1985-

89 resulted in improved kid survival and an increasing

population.

The Elkhorn herd began with transplants from three

locations: Northfork Clearwater, Idaho; Olympic

National Park, Washington; and Misty Fjord, Alaska,

during 1983-86, totaling 21 animals.

The Snake River mountain goat herd began with 16

goats transplanted in 2000. Seven of the 16 wore

radio collars to allow biologists to monitor the herd.

These goats originated from the Elkhorn mountain

herd.

Continued transplant efforts are funded through the

sale of mountain goat raffl e tags. Recent transplanted

goats have enhanced the genetic diversity of existing

herds and supplemented new herds as the animals

expand their range into areas such as the Strawberry

Mountains.

Hunting was resumed in the Wallowa and Elkhorn

Mountains in 1997 with very conservative seasons

of one tag for each area. Mandatory identifi cation

sessions with biologists help hunters with the

diffi cult task of identifying male goats in the fi eld

Male-only harvest is important for retention of the

social structure of each population. Hunters are also

required to check in after harvesting an animal so

that biological information can be obtained. The

Bighorn Sheep Management Plan was revised in 2003

to include a Rocky Mountain Goat chapter and is now

called the Bighorn Sheep and Rocky Mountain Goat

Management Plan.



126

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6418

826

1965

1966

1811

2919

6717

421

1968

92

1219

698

210

1970

125

1719

7117

522

1972

171

1819

7316

218

1974

132

1519

7517

320

1976

172

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7711

517

1978

184

2219

7920

424

1980

238

3219

8114

519

1982

132

1519

8311

112

51

6

1984

82

1019

8512

217

88

1986

77

1987

206

269

312

1988

80

84

26

1989

81

719

9023

831

1991

217

2811

415

1992

196

2521

1031

1993

289

3715

1025

1994

38 b

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2819

4719

9551

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6820

626

1996

4726

7350

2510

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1997

75 d

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164

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1999

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2001

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2002

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2004

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2006

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127

HUNT NAME HUNT NUMBER TAGS AUTHORIZED HARVEST

ELKHORN 951 2 2

HAT POINT #1 959A1 1 1

HAT POINT #2 959A2 1 1

EAST HURRICANE CREEK 960A 2 2

CUSICK MT #1 960B1 1 1

CUSICK MT #2 960B2 1 0

GOAT MT 960C 1 1

TOTAL 9 8

Hunter Success Rate 89%Raffle tag total ticket sales $17,886 Hunt Area = Elkhorn

2008 ROCKY MOUNTAIN GOAT SEASON HARVEST

2009 big game statistics contents - odfw home page · some brief answers with respect to big game....

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