Insect ManagementDisease ManagementNo-till Management

Systems ManagementExtension

Maintaining the Momentum of Expanding Southern Plains Winter Canola Acres

Canola Production in Oklahoma - NASS

Acr

es (x

1000

)

Yiel

d (lb

/A)

• Define yield effects and economic threshold for diamondback moth• Develop an scouting plan for monitoring insect

pests• Document levels of systemic insecticide over

the season following seed treatment

Insect Management

Kris Giles, Tom Royer

Canola Insect ManagementKristopher GilesTom Royer

Diamondback moth:

• Feed on foliage.

• Damage leaves, causing indirect damage to yield

• May alter plant growth by feeding on crown during winter

• Currently, little data on yield impact from infestations in crown during winter

Establish Plots, Sample, and Spray

Research Plots: Sprayed at proposed threshold

Producer Field: Sprayed at first detection of larvae

Diamondback Moth Management2012, Drummond, OK

Product (rate) Yield (lbs/a) SE ANOVA (P = 0.723)Coragen 3.5 oz/A 1273 200Coragen 5 oz/A 1259 125Brigade 2.0 oz/A 1264 98Brigade 2.6 oz/A 1683 555Mustang 4 oz/A 1196 357Proaxis 1.92 oz/A 1094 75Proaxis 3.84 oz/A 911 210Warrior 0.96 oz/A 1013 109Warrior 1.92 oz/A 1243 176Water 1440 309

*Plots sprayed at detection 2057 ?Prevented damage to crown?(Warrior 1.92 oz/A)

Winter Canola Insect Calendar(New: Based on 2011-2013 Sampling)

SEP OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG

Army Cutworm---------------------------------------------|Beet Armyworm------|Diamondback Moth-----------------------------------------------------------|

Turnip Aphid--------------------------------------------------------------|Green Peach Aphid----------------------------------------------------------------|

Cabbage Aphid----------|

False Chinch Bug-------------------------------------------------------------------|Variegated Cutworm--|

New DataLeafhopper------------leading to Aster yellow-------|

Springtails as nuisance No seedpod weevil yet!

Key Pests: Canola Insect Management

• Planting: Insecticide Seed Treatments – Prevention for aphid buildup

• Fall/Winter: Scout for Diamondback moths and cutworms

• Early Spring: Scout for aphids

• Late Spring: Scout for aphids, false chinch bugs

• Thresholds: Management of Insect and Mite Pests in Canola (CR-7667web11.pdf)

Revised Canola Insect Publications

• EPP-7093 Caterpillars in Canola

• CR-7667 Management of Insect and Mite Pests in Canola

• Check Canola for effectiveness of seed treatments on aphids. Extension News.

• http://pods.dasnr.okstate.edu/docushare/dsweb/HomePage

Future Concerns / Research Plans

Insecticides and Resistance- Limited: synthetic pyrethroids and methyl parathion

- Aphids and Diamondback moth likely to become resistant without alternative narrow-spectrum insecticides compounds that kill pests

Conservation of Bees- Available insecticides kill bees in winter canola

- Need evaluation of narrow-spectrum productseg. Flonicamid, Sulfoxaflor , which are notcurrently labeled for canola (EPA Public Comment Period)

• Determine the yield loss of canola varieties to blackleg• Screen canola varieties and breeding lines for

resistance to blackleg• Assess the effectiveness of foliar fungicide

application on control of blackleg

Disease Management

John Damicone, Mike Stamm

Black leg

Black leg

Black leg

Black leg

Black Leg Research - 2012Yield loss – Inoculation timing x varietyFungicide trialsScreening varieties and breeding lines for resistance

Disease Rating Scale = Disease Severity

0 1

543

2

Diseased plants (%) Disease rating (0-5)

b

a

ab

b

ab

a

Effects of Inoculation Timing on Black Leg

b b

ab

ab

c

a

ab

bc

bc

b

ab

ab

a a

Disease incidence (%) Disease severity (0-5)

2011

2012

2011

2012

HyClass 107W (S)

Yiel

d (%

)Yi

eld

(%)

Control of Black Leg with Fungicides - 2012

Disease severity (0-5)

*

*

*

*

Control of Black Leg with Fungicides - 2012

Yield (lb/A)

LSD=NS

Screening for Black Leg Resistance

103 entries in 201298 entries in 2013

KSU – Mike Stamm

PG WestarGlacier(R2, R3)

Quinta(R1, R4)

1 - - -2 + - -3 + + -4 + + +

Pathogenicity Groups (PG) of L. maculans

PG Groups in Oklahoma

n=47

Isol

ates

(no.

)

Disease Management – Extension Pubs

• Oklahoma Pest e-Alerts– Canola disease update, v.11, no.18, 11 Apr 2012

– Update on black leg disease of canola, v.11, no.38, 18 Oct 2012

• Popular articles– Blackleg’s potential in southern plains - Research

determines best management practices. U.S. Canola Digest, v.4 no.1, p. 8-10.

Disease Managemtment Future Plans

• Yield loss study

• Screening for black leg resistance

• Monitor PGs (race shifts)

• Evaluate germplasm for seedling resistance to against prevalent PGs

Damicone & Stamm

• Evaluate the effect of landscape position on no-till stand establishment• Evaluate cultivars for adaption to wide (>15

inch) row spacing

No-Till Management

Personnel: Chad Godsey, Randy Taylor

Plan

ts/f

t (no

.)

Surv

ival

(%)

Canola Establishment in No-Till Fields15-in rows

Taylor

Evaluation of Winter Canola Canola Grownin 30-inch rows

Chad Godsey

• Row crop planters- manage residue- control depth- up to 10% yield loss• Cultivar adaptation to wide rows

Godsey

Row Spacing and Cultivar Effects on Yield - 2012

Godsey

Cultivar Performance in Wide (30-in) Rows - 2012

Godsey

Summary

•Planted (30-in rows) plots emerged quicker and more evenly than drilled plots.

•Greater emergence with planted plots compared to drilled plots.

•Yield reduction of 0 to 10% when increasing row spacing from 15 in to 30 in.

•Using a row crop planter to manage residue in no-till is viable

•Seeding rate can be reduced from 5 to 2.5-3 lb/ac with a row crop planter

•A high yielding hybrid appears to reduce yield loss associated with wider row spacing.

Godsey

• Increase winter canola acreage in the Southern Plains through expanding the OKANOLA project in Oklahoma and Texas

• Train Certified Crop Advisor (CCA’s) for scouting winter canola issues

• Conduct on-farm participatory canola research

Extension

Josh Bushong, Mark Boyles, Okanola Team

Canola Extension Activities – 2012

Canola Field Tours North Central Research Station - Lahoma - 80On-farm Cultivar/Fertility Demos (14) – 275

Canola conferencesEnid - 100Altus – 80

Certified Crop Advisor – OSU Winter Crop School – 100

n=635

2012 Demo Plot Field Tours

14 Locations

9-17 Apr 2012

275 farmers

Demo Plot Yields - 2012Averaged over 8-10 cultivars, *= No till

Yield (lb/A)J. Bushong, M. Boyles

April 8th 2013:10:00 am: Jackson County

2:00 pm: Kiowa County 5:00 pm: Washita County

April 9th 2013:10:00 am: Cotton County

3:00 pm: Caddo County 6:30 pm: Canadian County

April 10th 2013:10:00 am: Grant County

2:00 pm: Garfield County 5:00 pm: Noble County

April 11th 2013:10:00 am: Alfalfa County

2:00 pm: Major County 5:00 pm: Dewey County

April 12th 2013:10:00 am: Ottawa County

Josh Bushong, Okanola Team

2013 Winter Canola Field Tour Schedule

Technology demonstrated

•Cultivars•Row spacing•Tillage

• Determine the most appropriate planting date canola in no-till and conventional tillage systems in the Rolling Plains (TX)

Systems Management Objectives

P. Delaune, Tx A&M, Vernon

Planting Date X Tillage – 2012-2013

• Chillicothe Research Station

• Planting dates: 4 Sep, 25 Sep, 16 Oct

• Conventional till vs No till

• Rains after 1st two plantings – better stands in no till, overall better stands in no till

P. Delaune

Planting Date x TillageChillicothe, TX

25 Sep

P. Delaune

Planting Date x TillageChillicothe, TX

16 Oct

P. Delaune

? Questions ?