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2. 71 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. AU 15000km 9. 10. () 11. 201111 20128 12. 13. 110100 14. 33 15. Newton Press 16. ! ! T 17. km 18. 19. 20. 1995 199551 Pegasi b 46M. Mayor & D. Queloz 21. 2013115870 22. 23. 24. 23% 0.52.0 M 25. 20093 26. 199520022005Super-Earth20072008Habitable Planet 2010 27. 28. 1609 29. 30. (Thirty Meter Telescope) 66 49230m E-ELT, GMT (James Webb Space Telescope) ( e Infrared telescope for GMT5000m)E-ELT, 2021 gy and Astrophysics) E-ELT (European Extremely Large Telescope) 6.5m(18 ) 2011/9m 16 39m, 1000 201230mm ) (L2) GMT (Giant Magellan Telescope) (6K= -267 ) 2011(2018 ?) (H2L2 21.4m,) GMT E-ELT 31. SHC35cm 32. 33. 1000 25000 25000 34. 1. X 35. 100 1011 1011 36. 37. NASA/CXC/SAO 11/43NASA/ 38. 1=1 ??34/43 39. 40. WMAPCMBCOBE CMBWMAPCMB ( )20 WMAP Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) ( or ) 4D2U (NAOJ) 41. NASA () : 5 MACS0647-JD (Coe et al.2012) 38 Ination NASABig BangWMAP () : 5HE 1523-0901 (Frebel et al.2007) (137) 42. (Baryon) : (a) Hubble (H0) : (b) (m) : (b) + (c) () (c) () : Ia (k) : k = m +-1 CMBHubble(H0)[km/sMpc]70.4 (b) 0.0456 4% (c)0.227 73%()0.728 23% (Komatsu+10;Jarosik et al.2010) : CDM () (Cold Dark Matter) (BAO : Baryon Acoustic Oscillation) --- = 137 43. 210010(N : 47 136(Millennium Simulations : Springel et al. 2005) 44. CDM100 31000K (virial)Virial ()(H2) H2 H, H ()(Yoshida et al. 2003)1000( 300K) (NSPH : 4800) Virial(U)(T ) --- U + 2T = 0 45. (baryon) --- (4) () : () (Thomson) () : () (BAO : Baryon Acoustic Oscillation) 46. 47. 48. 1 R Rg + g = 8 GT2 49. H-RT-FF-J 50. Ia(1) (2) (3) (4) 1//100 51. 2011 2011 52. 53. -Paul Gauguin 54. Sasaki Takanori Onlinehttp://sasakitakanori.com takanori@geo.titech.ac.jp, , ,