Sustainability2014 campus report

CONTENTS

4. seeds of change7. climate change and the entire living world8. climate change, curriculum and engagement12. climate change and curriculum14. climate change and engagement16. climate change, policy, and construction18. california state climate regulations21. reducing greenhouse gas emissions22. green building policy25. renewable energy26. reduce, reuse, recycle30. calsense makes sense32. smart metering34. stormwater management37. thermal energy storage38. sustainable landscaping41. rooftop gardens42. sustainable materials46. transportation48. leed50. hourglassparkfieldhouseandhdat52. humanities & arts and mathematics & business buildings54. automotive technology expansion and student services center56. library/learning resource center58. parking structure/police station60. awards

SEEDS OF CHANGEat an individual level our needs are basic: shelter, security, and sustenance. in order to meet these needs, precious resources are required: clean air, water, and energy. we also have needs at a community level. as such, we are responsible for sharing and using the finite resources we have at hand to both meet our current needs and preserve our diminishing resources.

this publication shares myriad of techniques and strategies the san diego community college district (sdccd) has utilized in managing the construction of multiple projects at san diego miramar college (sdmc). these projects are funded by the $1.555 billion propositions s and n construction bond program.

the district’s sustainability initiatives focus attention on actions that can be most impactful in its operations, in the communities it serves, and on the environment.

practices like irrigating drought-resistant groundcover with reclaimed water helps diminish the sdccd’s impact on the local water supply. designing buildings that illuminate interior spaces by pulling in natural light increases comfort and productivity to those in them. photovoltaic panels installed over parking lots shade cars and generate electricity, which helps offset electrical costs.

in addition to these practices, the district has developed curriculum that supports students pursuing careers in green industries such as urban farming and sustainability.

these innovations allow the san diego community college district to deliver high-quality education while leading the way in sustainable construction practices.

4

5

climate change affects the entire living world, through changes in ecosystems and biodiversity.

Changes in the global climate can be seen across the United States in a multitude of ways; these changes are primarily attributable to human activities. Since 1895 the average temperature in the U.S. has risen by 1.5ºF, with more than 80% of this increase happening after 1980.

The prevalence of extreme weather events

has increased in recent decades, excessively high temperatures, an increase in heavy downpours or severe droughts have become prevailing trends in the past 50 years.

Climate change attributable to human actions is projected to exponentially increase if emissions of heat trapping gases, such as carbon dioxide and methane, are not regulated.

These gases already ensure a hotter tomorrow, how hot tomorrow will be solely depends on human involvement.

Many sectors locally, nationally, and globally have already seen tangible effects of climate change – agriculture, infrastructure, human health, water resources, and others. The interplay between climate change and other

CLIMATE CHANGE AND

THE ENTIRE LIVING WORLD

6

environmental and societal factors is delicate and can either moderate or intensify the direction and pace that our climate is shifting.

Planning efforts will help mitigate the impact humans will have on climate change but implementation is limited. If plans can be turned into actions, public health, economic development, the protection of natural systems, and overall quality of life will be positively affected.

Ecosystems in many regions are suffering from fluctuations in the reliability

of their water supply due to climate change. In the western United States melting snowpack is heavily relied upon for water storage; the eastern U.S., despite projections of increased precipitation, is experiencing water shortages. Competition for clean water among municipal, environmental, and agricultural interests further complicates the politics of a waning water supply. Compounding the issue is water quality. Challenges in this arena focus on sediment and contaminant concentrations after heavy downpours.

U.S. Global ChangeResearch Program(USGCRP) 2013 DRAFT.“Global Climate ChangeImpacts in the UnitedStates.” Pages 5, 8, and 10. http://ncadacglobalchange.gov/

ecosystems provide a rich array of benefits to humanity including fisheries, drinking water, fertile soils for growing crops, buffering from climatological impacts, and aesthetic and cultural values. these benefits are not always easy to quantify, but they translate into jobs, economic growth, health, and human well-being.

7

8

CLIMATE CHANGE, CURRICULUM, AND ENGAGEMENTCLIMATE CHANGE, CURRICULUM, AND ENGAGEMENTCLIMATE CHANGE, CURRICULUM, AND ENGAGEMENTCLIMATE CHANGE, CURRICULUM, AND ENGAGEMENT

9

CLIMATE CHANGE, CURRICULUM, AND ENGAGEMENTCLIMATE CHANGE, CURRICULUM, AND ENGAGEMENTCLIMATE CHANGE, CURRICULUM, AND ENGAGEMENTCLIMATE CHANGE, CURRICULUM, AND ENGAGEMENT

CLIMATE CHANGE, CURRICULUM, AND ENGAGEMENTCLIMATE CHANGE, CURRICULUM, AND ENGAGEMENTCLIMATE CHANGE, CURRICULUM, AND ENGAGEMENTCLIMATE CHANGE, CURRICULUM, AND ENGAGEMENT10

Sustainability at San Diego Miramar College San Diego Miramar College has had in place since 2009 an Environmental Stewardship Task Force. The task force works to develop the support needed to make a successful move toward responsible environmental sustainability in the following areas:

1. Reduction of Energy (reduction of consumption and energy efficiency)2. Bookstore/Stockroom (buying green and reducing waste)3. Cafeteria (buying green and reducing waste)4. District recycling5. Reprographics - buying green paper (FSC certified) and reducing waste6. Green building and eco-friendly landscaping7. Sustainability in the curriculum

CLIMATE CHANGE, CURRICULUM, AND ENGAGEMENTCLIMATE CHANGE, CURRICULUM, AND ENGAGEMENTCLIMATE CHANGE, CURRICULUM, AND ENGAGEMENTCLIMATE CHANGE, CURRICULUM, AND ENGAGEMENT11

CLIMATE CHANGE AND CURRICULUM

The San Diego Community College District is actively working with industry and community partners to minimize greenhouse gas emissions. San Diego Miramar College’s Heavy Duty Advanced Transportation (HDAT) Technology program is a great example of the SDCCD's focus on the environment.

The effort to reduce climate emissions requires continual improvements in technology. This is no small matter in the area of transportation vehicle operation and fuel consumption. In California the transportation sector represents over 35% of our greenhouse gas emissions. Heavy duty transportation, or buses, trucks and construction equipment, are continually undergoing changes in their technology ranging from the introduction of electronic controls and software operating systems; to new alternative fuels, such as natural gas; to the creation of new emission control systems.

On campus, the HDAT program offers students and incumbent workers technical training that provides:

• Skills in diesel electronics• Integrated industry certifications• Expertise in the use of diagnostic software• Experience in the use of emission testing equipment• Technical training in natural gas engine technology

These complement an effective apprenticeship program with San Diego Metropolitan Transit System and over nine community college transportation technology programs and 14 transit agencies throughout Southern California to provide incumbent workforce training. Additional courses addressing vehicle emission control technology and heavy-duty hybrid technology are under development. This in turn prepares students for successfully entering the green transportation technology workforce.

CLIMATE CHANGE AND CURRICULUM

12

13

14

San Diego Miramar College’s Workforce Development Response to New Climate Regulations The integration of energy and air quality regulations is critical in California to limit greenhouse gas emissions. However, despite the agreed upon need to foster cleaner air quality, the South Coast Air Quality Management District and various regional transit, wastehauler, and trucking companies faced a key challenge in keeping new advanced fuel and technology vehicles on the road. The problem: because technicians at these companies did not have the full skill set to maintain or repair its vehicles, vehicle down time was significant resulting in less-than-desired emission improvements. Miramar College, as part of California Community College’s Advanced Transportation Technology and Energy Initiative (ATTE), is taking action. The ATTE Center at SDMC worked with both governmental agencies and industry members to spearhead a comprehensive approach:

• In the immediate term, the ATTE Center in partnership with

five other community colleges implemented a four-day incumbent worker training program that introduces existing technicians to natural gas technologies and diagnosing and inspecting hybrid vehicles.

• To address the longer-term talent pipeline issues, SDMC is managing a program to train faculty at colleges across southern California to develop curriculum for their own programs. The emphasis is on enhancing colleges’ existing programs (e.g., in heavy duty or diesel technology) to include natural gas as part of their curriculum.

In just a short time, workers have already been trained with many more planned as both programs continue to grow. The success has led to an important new partnership between the air regulatory agency, the network of ATTE community colleges, and now the Southern California Gas Company, which may open the door for additional Miramar-led training opportunities.

“Just having a relationship with the air regulatory agency and the state Energy Commission gave me greater insight into the challenges they were having with industry regulatory compliance,” explains Greg Newhouse, Miramar’s Regional Director for Advanced Transportation and Renewables Program. “When I realized the policy problem was tied to workforce development, we were able to use our industry and agency contacts and learn from employers regarding their specific training requirements. Now, workers across the region are getting updated skills, new students will get jobs, and the intention of the policy will be met: California will have more alternative vehicles on the road and ultimately cleaner air.”The program has been honored by the American Association of Community Colleges (AACC) Sustainability Education and Economic Development (SEED) initiative, which works to advance sustainability and green workforce development practices at community colleges.

CLIMATE CHANGE AND ENGAGEMENTCLIMATE CHANGE AND ENGAGEMENT

15

CLIMATE CHANGE, POLICY, AND CONSTRUCTIONCLIMATE CHANGE, POLICY, AND CONSTRUCTION

16

CLIMATE CHANGE, POLICY, AND CONSTRUCTIONCLIMATE CHANGE, POLICY, AND CONSTRUCTION

17

Assembly Bill 1493, widely known as “The Pavley Bill”, authorizes the California Air Resource Board (CARB) to establish regulations to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions by 18% by 2020 and 23% by 2030 from 2002 levels. This aggressive bill was temporarily blocked by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in March 2008 but later received a waiver of approval for implementation throughout California in June 2009.

The Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) was established in January 2007 by Executive Order S-01-07 and requires California fuel providers to decrease lifecycle carbon intensity of transportation fuels by 10% from 2007 levels by 2020.

The Global Warming Solutions Act, or Assembly Bill 32 (AB-32), was adopted in 2006 by the California legislature and establishes two key emissions reduction strategies. The first requires that California emissions be capped at 1990 levels by 2020, and the second establishes an enforcement mechanism for the program, with monitoring and reporting implemented by the CARB. In 2008, the AB-32 Scoping Plan was released by the CARB to describe the measures needed to meet the requirements set by AB-32. In addition to partnering with local governments to encourage the establishment of regional emission reduction goals and community regulations, the scoping plan uses various mechanisms to reduce emissions statewide, including incentives, direct regulation, and compliance mechanisms.

Senate Bill 375 was passed in 2008 to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions caused indirectly by urban sprawl throughout California. The bill offers incentives for local governments to execute planned growth and development patterns around public transportation in addition to revitalizing existing communities. Metropolitan planning organizations (MPO's) work with the California Air Resources Board (CARB) to reduce vehicle miles traveled by creating sustainable urban plans with a focus on housing, transportation, and land use. Urban projects consistent with the MPO’s Sustainable Community Strategy can bypass the California Environmental Quality Act’s GHG emission environmental review. This provides developers with an incentive to comply with local planning strategies which support the state’s effort for emission reduction in the land-use and transportation sectors.

CALIFORNIA STATE CLIMATE REGULATIONS CALIFORNIA STATE CLIMATE REGULATIONS

18

On July 1, 2012, Assembly Bill 341 required businesses and public entities, including schools and school districts that generate four cubic yards or more of waste per week and multi-family units of five or more, to recycle. Assembly Bill 341 also establishes a statewide goal of 75% diversion of solid waste to landfills. The purpose of this new law is to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by diverting commercial solid waste to recycling efforts and expand opportunities for additional recycling services and recycling manufacturing facilities in California.

Executive Order S-3-05 was signed by the Governor of California in 2005, thereby identifying the California Environmental Protection Agency (Cal/EPA) as the primary state agency responsible for establishing climate change emission reduction targets. The Climate Action Team was formed to implement Executive Order S-3-05. Shortly thereafter in 2006, the team introduced GHG emission reduction strategies and practices to reduce global warming. These measures are aimed at meeting the Executive Order’s long-term goal of reducing GHG emissions to 80% below 1990 levels by 2050.

CALIFORNIA STATE CLIMATE REGULATIONS CALIFORNIA STATE CLIMATE REGULATIONS

19

20

The San Diego Community College District is committed to complying with Assembly Bill 32 – the Global Warming Solutions Act. The Act requires the District to:

• Reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 2020 to 1990 levels

• Reduce electricity consumption by 20% in existing and new state-owned buildings by 2015

the use of natural gas to heat buildings via boilers and to produce electricity (9%).

Campus emissions during the 2003-2008 period show that an increase in building size does not necessitate an increase in emissions. On a per-square-foot basis, overall greenhouse gas emissions were lower in 2008 than they were five years prior despite a 21% increase in the District’s physical footprint.

REDUCING GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS By the time the Propositions S and N construction bond program concludes, it will have been responsible for more than doubling the District’s total square footage, including parking, to more than 5.6 million square feet.

In 2008, the SDCCD’s largest source of emissions was related to commuting, which composed 46% of total emissions. The second largest source (31%) is purchased electricity, followed by

21

REDUCING GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS

since 2003, san diego miramar college’s square footage has more than doubled. during the 2003 – 2008 period, emissions at miramar decreased by 12%.

In 2003, the San Diego Community College District Board of Trustees established a Green Building Policy and Major Renovation Standards to govern all projects that meet the minimum requirements. The intent of the policy is to provide District students, faculty, and staff with working and learning environments that are thermally, visually and acoustically comfortable, energy-efficient, material-efficient, water-efficient, easy to maintain and operate, safe and secure, and sited in

an environmentally responsible manner. To support this policy, a Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) Silver certification, at minimum, is pursued for all eligible projects. All new buildings and major renovations are required to exceed Title 24 of the State of California’s Code of Regulations energy efficiency standards by at least 10%. Of the energy utilized by the project, 10% must be renewable with at least 5% of the total project’s energy generated on site. The balance is to be supplied by

utility companies as green power. All projects are expected to achieve at least 75% waste diversion of construction and demolition debris. In some cases, diversion rates have been higher than 90%.

Performance goals are in place for indoor air quality to ensure compliance with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Indoor Air Quality checklist. Goals are also outlined for the use of sustainable materials or products containing recycled content.

GREEN BUILDING POLICYGREEN BUILDING POLICY

22

23

24

The San Diego Community College District's Green Building Policy requires at least 5% of a project’s total energy to be generated from renewable resources such as solar or thermal energy.

Data from the California Center for Sustainable Energy show that the District is one of the top producers of renewable energy among all educational entities within San Diego Gas and Electric (SDG&E) territory. Of the photovoltaic systems installed under the California Solar Initiative, SDCCD constitutes 2.367 mega watts (MW) of the total. To date, the District’s solar installations have generated approximately 13,500,000 kWh, saving over $700,000 in utility costs.

According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, this is the equivalent of:

• Saving nearly 9,000 metric tons of CO2 emissions

• CO2 emissions from the energy used by 818 homes for one year

• Greenhouse gas emissions avoided by recycling 3,212 tons of waste instead of sending it to the landfill

• Carbon sequestered annually by 7,345 acres of U.S. forests• Annual greenhouse gas emissions from 1,886 passenger vehicles• CO

2 emissions from 373,355 propane cylinders used for home barbeques

The SDCCD Solar installations include multiple installations as part of a 20-year Power Purchase Agreement (PPA), including carport solar arrays at San Diego Miramar College. A solar pool heater for the Ned Baumer Aquatic Center is on track to save more than 31,500 therms of natural gas per year, resulting in an annual cost savings of $27,000.

RENEWABLE ENERGY RENEWABLE ENERGY

25

26

the district continues to divert a significantly higher percentage of its waste stream than the 50% required by legislation.

92.40%2011

89.27%2010

88.60%2009

87.70%2008

92.40%2007

62.50%2006

REDUCE, REUSE, RECYCLEREDUCE, REUSE, RECYCLE

2012/2013 data is not yet available.

27

Hydration Station In order to eliminate single-use plastic water bottles from being used on campus, Miramar’s Environmental Stewardship Task (EST) force researched the viability of putting in hydration stations at key locations on campus. These touch-free alternatives to bottled water allow users to fill up reusable containers with tap water filtered by a carbon-based filter that reduces lead, chlorine taste, and odor. Filters are changed every 20,000 gallons. As part of its research, the Task force noted that more than 39 billion single-use water bottles were consumed in the U.S. in 2008. The number is double the amount used only five years earlier. Of those 39 billion bottles, data show only 32% were actually recycled. Thanks to the efforts of Miramar’s EST, hydration stations are now a standard for all new construction within the SDCCD.

28

Dress for SuccessMore than 74 students and faculty participated in the second annual Clothes Exchange last year, sponsored by the Environmental Stewardship Task force. Remaining items were donated to a local domestic violence shelter.

Beyond BordersSponsored by the San Diego Miramar College Filipino American Student Association (FASA), 53 boxes of new or gently used books for children and young adults were collected to fill the shelves of a new community Center, funded by San Diego Miramar College Foundation board member Tony Pizarro, in Bataan, Philippines. Book donors included Dingeman Elementary School, Challenger Middle School, FASA, the Child Development Center, Library and Student Affairs, faculty, staff, students, and members of the Miramar College Foundation board of directors. Shipping was facilitated by the U.S. Navy’s Project Handclasp.

Getting away from ChemicalsMiramar’s Facilities Services team is taking green cleaning to a new level. Their primary cleaning product, Lotus Pro, takes standard tap water and infuses it with aqueous ozone, creating a natural cleaner that does not use carcinogens nor leaves any chemical residue.

REDUCE, REUSE, RECYCLEREDUCE, REUSE, RECYCLE

29

CALSENSE MAKES SENSECALSENSE MAKES SENSE

30

In order to comply with regional requirements for water conservation and to reduce water costs, the SDCCD implemented a standardized irrigation control system.

By using grants from the county’s water authority, the SDCCD was able to pilot a year-long test of the Calsense weather-based centralized control system, selecting a variety of surfaces and environments.

At the conclusion of the pilot, conducted from October 2008-2009, data showed that the system produced a 40% reduction in water use, saving the District of over 37 million gallons of water.

As a result, the Calsense system is now incorporated as the District standard for all new construction projects.

The Calsense system projects an overall average water savings

of 30%. Calsense is capable of detecting catastrophic main line breaks down to a single irrigation head.

The controllers measure evapotranspiration (ET) and rainfall utilizing a rain gauge and a soil moisture sensor. When sufficient soil moisture is detected, the system does not irrigate. As moisture measurements indicate water is needed, the system restarts.

The computerized system also generates a variety of valuable reports on water usage, savings, and total rainfall. Automatic alerts are sent out to alert staff of possible line breaks. It also allows the SDCCD to monitor the irrigation controllers from a web-based platform.

San Diego Miramar College Calsense water saving highlights, January - December 2013:

74%San Diego Miramar College

Leave a Legacy Plaza2,579,478 Gallons | 74%

78%San Diego Miramar College

Automotive Technology Center145,512 Gallons | 78%

60%San Diego Miramar CollegeHumanities & Arts Building

70,670 Gallons | 60%

72%San Diego Miramar College

Parking Lot A653,719 Gallons | 72%

CALSENSE MAKES SENSECALSENSE MAKES SENSE

74%San Diego Miramar College

Sports Fields3,103,317 Gallons | 74%

68%San Diego Miramar College

Parking Lot C1,038,922 Gallons | 68%

31

Numerous meters have been installed throughout the District at a variety of locations, measuring:

Voltage per phaseVoltage line to lineVoltage line to neutralCurrent per phasePoser factor per phasekWh, ConsumptionkW, Demand

FrequencykVA per phasekVar per phaseTHD, Voltage line to neutralTHD, Voltage line to lineTHD, Current per phase

Chilled Water and Heating Hot Water – BTU MetersTotal EnergyTotal FlowEnergy RateFlow RateSupply Temperature

Glossary:BTU: British Thermal UnitKvA: Kilovolt-AmpskVar: Kilovolt Amp ReductionkW: KilowattkWh: Kilowatt HoursTHD: Total Harmonic Distortion

SMART METERINGSMART METERING

32

The District participates in SDG&E’s Critical PeakPricing program by remotely resetting thermostats. With the installation of a one million gallon chilled water storage tank, the SDCCD has a new way to reduce demand.

The District has completed numerous lighting retrofits by leveraging the SDG&E On-Bill Financing

program, as well as monitoring-based retro-commissioning in less efficient buildings through the California Community College Investor Owned Utility Partnership program.

The SDCCD plans to implement a Tridium smart metering system districtwide. Electric meters, segregated by voltage load, and BTU meters

for monitoring chilled water, heating hot water, and natural gas consumption are being installed on all buildings. This data will be available via a dashboard to help staff determine if facilities are performing appropriately and where maintenance time and resources should be focused. The SDCCD will be able to compare

buildings, look at year over year changes, and evaluate building groupings to identify ways to modify and incentivize more energy-conscious behavior. The SDCCD will use this data to develop a load-shedding algorithm for peak events.

Glossary:BTU: British Thermal UnitKvA: Kilovolt-AmpskVar: Kilovolt Amp ReductionkW: KilowattkWh: Kilowatt HoursTHD: Total Harmonic Distortion

33

STORMWATER MANAGEMENTAn effective stormwater management system goes a long way toward maintaining San Diego’s regional water quality. Stormwater is runoff from heavy rainfall that does not seep into the ground. As it flows across streets, parking lots and other surfaces, runoff picks up sediment and pollutants, and carries them into the storm drain system. These pollutants can include chemicals, pesticides, animal waste, debris, and other materials washed off roadways, sidewalks, buildings, and vehicles. Unlike the sanitary sewer system, the storm drain system does not connect to a wastewater treatment plant but flows directly into local waterways, such as the San Diego River and bays. If left untreated, these pollutants have a serious effect on local water quality. The SDCCD employs numerous strategies to manage and minimize the effects of stormwater runoff on the campuses, in compliance with and sometimes in excess of regulatory guidelines.

Bioswales, like those located in Miramar's parking lots, are a stormwater BMP typically found along parking lots and roadsides to collect and treat stormwater runoff. These swales may look like small depressions or channels in the ground using vegetation and rocks or other materials to filter runoff and trap pollutants.

As part of a massive infrastructure project at San Diego Miramar College, a 260-foot-long, 60-foot-wide, and 11-foot-deep underground detention basin was constructed to provide stormwater treatment for all future building on campus. The basin has a storage capacity of more than 6.5 million gallons. Detention basins are considered a stormwater management best management practice.

The SDCCD is required by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to have in place a Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP). The District’s Facilities Management division includes a SWPPP manager to work with the campuses and construction sites to ensure compliance with EPA regulations and reporting requirements.

STORMWATER MANAGEMENT

34

35

36

THERMAL ENERGY STORAGEThermal energy storage (TES) comprises a number of technologies that store thermal energy in tanks or storage reservoirs for use as needed to balance energy demands between day and night. A thermal energy storage tank has been constructed at San Diego Miramar College and serves numerous buildings on campus. The TES tank helps mitigate high energy demand. This million-gallon tank is the equivalent of the entire campus’ cooling load for six hours.

Anticipated energy savings are targeted at 764,404 kWh annually. The project will pay for itself in nine years, and over a 30-year life expectancy, will result in energy cost savings of $13 million.

THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE

37

Landscape plans across the District are designed to respect the character of the existing sites, while at the same time enhancing them with vegetation and other elements that provide a more drought-tolerant environment that requires less maintenance. The designs are intended to provide year-round, aesthetically pleasing outdoor environments appropriate for each campus setting. Many designs include hardscape and benches or seating areas to serve as outdoor classrooms or gathering spaces. The types of plants used for landscaping are a combination of California-friendly trees, shrubs, and groundcovers. These low water use plants grow well in San Diego's Mediterranean-type climate, with the ability to tolerate less water and, in some cases, high summer temperatures. They include several species native to San Diego County. The irrigation design and equipment incorporates a number of proven water and soil conservation methods. The SDCCD’s standardized irrigation system uses an automatic controller that measures the amount of moisture in the air and soil, and automatically adjusts water accordingly. Plants are grouped by “hydro zones” so that those with similar requirements for sun and water exposure are clustered together to increase irrigation efficiency. At San Diego Miramar College, reclaimed water is used for all landscape irrigation.

38

39

40

Green roofs are an increasingly popular strategy for mitigating what is known as an urban heat island (UHI), a developed urban area that is significantly warmer than nearby rural areas. As these urban areas are built out, buildings, roads, and other infrastructure replace open land and vegetation. These changes cause urban regions to become warmer than their rural surrounds, forming an “island” of higher temperatures.

Heat islands can occur on the surface and in the atmosphere. On a hot day, the sun can heat exposed urban surfaces such as roofs and pavement, to temperatures as much as 50–90°F hotter than the air, while shaded or vegetated surfaces — often in more rural surroundings — remain close to air temperatures.

With regards to urban heat islands, green roofs — or rooftop gardens — work by shading roof surfaces. These cooler vegetated surfaces reduce the heat transmitted into the buildings or re-emitted into the atmosphere. The growing medium of the plant material also protects the underlying layers from exposure to wind and ultraviolet radiation.

The SDCCD installed green roofs at several projects, including the including the Miramar Police Station and the Library/Learning Resource Center.

ROOFTOP GARDENSROOFTOP GARDENS

41

1. Kalwall panels are structural composite panels formed by permanently bonding specially-formulated fiberglass-reinforced translucent material to a grid core. This unique construction reduces solar gain while maximizing thermal insulation and produces a healthier climate.

2. Trespa paneling is made up of wood-based fibers reinforced with resin and manufactured under high pressure and high temperature. Options for finishes are almost limitless and the products typically last the life of the building.

3. Cradle to Cradle Certified™ materials can be deconstructed and recycled back into their original materials again and again so that waste is never created. These products can include carpet and carpet tile backing, often made from recycled bottles.

4. Linoleum floors contain linseed oil, rosin, wood flour, limestone and natural pigments, and are backed with jute – all of which are natural materials. Harvesting these raw materials and producing linoleum demands relatively little energy and there are no toxic byproducts.

5. Bamboo is a 100% sustainable resource since it does not require replanting after harvest. It is extremely durable and is tougher than typical hardwood surfaces. It can take about 3-5 years for bamboo to reach full maturity. Traditional hardwoods can take 20-120 years to mature.

6. Terrazo tile is composed of naturally occurring aggregates; recycled glass, plastic or bits of mirror; and processed cement or epoxy. It is extremely durable, requires low maintenance, and typically lasts the life of the building.

SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS

42

1 2 3

4 5

6

43

1. Recycled rubber play surface areas used at our parent-child development centers are made from recycled scrap tires and other rubber materials. In addition to providing excellent durability, recycled rubber surfaces provide a safer play surface than concrete or asphalt.

2. Lattice ceiling diffuses daylight and allows for excess heat to rise and escape.

3. Pervious concrete allows stormwater to pass directly through, thereby reducing the amount of runoff from the site that would be displaced by typical concrete or asphalt paving. It is traditionally used in parking areas and is a recognized best management practice by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for stormwater management.

4. Daylighting is the practice of placing windows or other openings and reflective surfaces in a manner that maximizes the use of natural light and reduces the need for artificial light. This can include the use of high, vertically placed windows known as clerestory windows that allow natural light to filter through buildings or the use of tubular skylight fixtures.

SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS

5. Recycled plastic fencing is designed to make the rails and posts look like they are made from actual wood. Plastic fencing is an environmentally friendly product made from milk jugs and other recycled plastics. Unlike pressure-treated wood, there are no hazardous chemicals to leach out. A single section of fencing can recycle as many as 525 one gallon-sized milk jugs.

44

1

43

5

21

45

The SDCCD promotes the use of public and shared transportation. Bus stops are generally within a few minutes’ walk of all campuses.For those who like to bike to campus, safe bicycle parking is widely available.

A new bus transit center at San Diego Miramar College is being built in response to the demand for public

transportation centering around the college and its nearby businesses. It will include a center island passenger platform and 12 bus bays and transit furnishings. The center will support a future Direct Access Ramp (DAR) off of the Interstate 15 freeway. The DAR will provide direct access to the eastern edge of the campus and maximize

the integration of land uses and transportation facilities, and encourage the use of mass transit, carpooling and vanpooling.

Miramar is served to some degree by five bus lines, including the 20, 31, 210, 921, and 921, and 964.

Six electric vehicle charging stations are in a Miramar parking

TRANSPORTATIONstructure, supporting renewable energy initiatives and 26 new Blink charging stations for electric vehicles have been installed throughout the District as part of ECOtality’s nationwide Electric Vehicle (EV) Project deploying electric vehicles and charge infrastructure in 18 major cities.

46

MAY 2013 SEPT 2013 OCT 2013 NOV 2013 DEC 2013 FEB 2014 MAR 2014 TOTAL8 3 11 8 1 7 10 48

2013-2014 MIRAMAR MONTHLY BUS PASS SALES

2013-2014 MIRAMAR SEMESTER BUS PASS SALES

FALL 2013 SPRING 2014 TOTAL

106 109 215

More than 115 cyclists stopped by the Miramar “Pit Stop” on National

Bike to Work Day in 2013. It was the fifth consecutive year the

campus has hosted the official stop.

*

TRANSPORTATION

47

Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) from the U.S. Green Building Council is an internationally recognized green building certification, providing third-party verification that a building was designed and built using strategies aimed at improving energy savings, water efficiency, reductions of CO

2

emissions, improved indoor environmental quality, stewardship of resources, and sensitivity to project impacts on the environment.

Currently, the SDCCD is on track to obtain 42 LEED certifications, more than any single organization in San Diego County. LEED certifications for San Diego Miramar College include:

LEED

PENDING

TRACKING LEED GOLD:Student Services Center

TRACKING LEED SILVER: Fire Science and EMT Training FacilityCafeteria/Bookstore + Student/Campus CenterCollege Services CenterLibrary/Learning Resource CenterNew Administration BuildingScience Building Renovation

TRACKING LEED CERTIFICATION: A-100 Remodel

AWARDED

LEED PLATINUM: Police Substation

LEED GOLD: Aviation Maintenance Technology CenterAutomotive Technology Career -Instructional Building Expansion

LEED SILVER: Arts & Humanities BuildingHeavy Duty Advanced Transportation Technology Center Mathematics & Business Building

LEED CERTIFIED: Hourglass Park Field House

48

LEED

49

HOURGLASS PARK FIELD HOUSE

Bio: The Hourglass Park Field House is a joint-use project with the City of San Diego. This state-of-the-art, fully-equipped facility provides a gymnasium, fitness center, classrooms, dance rooms, lecture rooms, office space, laundry areas and multipurpose areas.

Heating/cooling: A high-performance building envelope, insulation at roofs and walls, and non-heat absorbing roofing materials help mitigate the “heat island” effect.

Water efficiency: A high-efficiency irrigation system uses reclaimed water to support drought-tolerant landscaping.Combined with low-

flow plumbing fixtures, the Field House saves hundreds of thousands of gallons of water as compared to a typically-built project.

Recycled materials: One fifth of the materials used were recycled, including a high level of post-consumer materials in steel elements and recycled tires in rubber gymnasium flooring.

HOURGLASS PARK FIELD HOUSE AND HDAT

Cruelty-free: Over 50% of wood on the project is certified by the Forestry Steward Council as responsibly harvested.

Air quality: Indoor air quality is maximized by the use of materials with low chemical content, and increased outside air ventilation.

LEED: The project is LEED Certified.

50

HOURGLASS PARK FIELD HOUSE AND HDAT

HEAVY DUTY ADVANCED TRANSPORTATION TECHNOLOGY CENTER

Bio: The Heavy Duty Advanced Transportation Technology Center (HDAT) project consisted of creating approximately 17,500 square feet of space supporting program expansions to diesel,

natural gas, hybrid bus and transit technologies as well as new developments in construction equipment technology. The primary spaces provided are a six-bay vehicle shop, faculty offices, classrooms, dynamometer, and equipment storage.

Air quality: Natural ventilation.

Recycled materials: Externior lighting fixtures were fashioned from diesel engine parts.

Water efficiency: Recycled water is used to irrigate low water use plants.

Natural light: Day lighting features were used on this project.

LEED: The project is on track to obtain a LEED Silver certification.

51

ARTS & HUMANITIES BUILDING

Bio: The Arts and Humanities building consists of approximately 44,905 gross square feet of space housing the English, Visual Arts, Music, Speech, and Foreign Language programs. The building will include smart classrooms, lecture hall, recording studio,

and studio space for drawing, painting, and ceramics.

Natural light: Sloped roofs provide north-facing clerestory windows (a band of narrow windows at the very high wall), which allows light to filter into adjacent spaces.

Heating/cooling: The design uses thermal massing, which delays

the transfer of heat throughout the course of the day and minimizes the building’s heating or cooling load. Heavy materials such as brick, concrete and stone can all be used to improve thermal massing.

High-performance materials: All windows utilize high-performance glass that allows sunlight to filter into the building, but

HUMANITIES & ARTS BUILDING

reduces the amount of UV light and solar heat. High-efficiency lighting, plumbing, and mechanical systems were used throughout the project.

Recycled materials: Recycled materials were used on this project.

Photovoltaics: There are south-facing photovoltaic panels on the building.

52

LEED: The project was awarded a LEED Silver certification.

MATHEMATICS & BUSINESS BUILDING

Bio: The Mathematics and Business building consists of approximately 45,899 gross square feet of space housing smart classrooms, computer labs, a mathematics research center, and

office space for faculty and staff.

Natural light: Sloped roofs provide north-facing clerestory windows (a band of narrow windows at the very high wall) allow light to filter into adjacent spaces.

Heating/cooling: The design includes energy-efficient “thermal massing,” which delays

the transfer of heat throughout the course of the day and minimizes the building’s heating or cooling load.

High-performance materials: All windows utilize high-performance glass that allows sunlight to filter into the building, but reduces the amount of UV light and solar heat. High-efficiency lighting, plumbing, and mechanical systems are

used throughout the project.

Recycled materials: Recycled materials were used on this project.

Photovoltaics: This project has photovoltaic panels on the south-facing side of the building.

LEED: The project was awarded a LEED Silver certification.

MATHEMATICS & BUSINESS BUILDING

53

AUTO TECH EXPANSION

Bio: The Automotive Technology Career Instructional Building Expansion consisted of constructing two buildings and making site modifications to the existing Advanced Transportation Technologies building.

Heating/cooling: Classrooms have

indirect evaporative coolers and towers for natural ventilation to reduce air conditioning loads.

Natural light: Skylights bring natural light into classrooms.

Recycled materials: Certain materials were reused when possible, including overhead doors and shelving. Dedicated areas for the

collection and storage of recyclable materials were installed.

Photovoltaics: Roofs are sloped 15 degrees to the south for potential solar panels.

Water efficiency: LEED Innovation in Design credit – achieved exemplary performance for water-use reduction. Potable water use was calculated, through the

AUTO TECH EXPANSION

installation of low-flow lavatories, to reduce water use by 53%.

Low electricity use: LEED Innovation in Design credit – achieved exemplary performance for On-Site Renewable Energy by having 78% of the building’s energy cost offset by renewable energy generated on-site.

Locally produced materials: Over 20 %

54

AUTO TECH EXPANSION

of the total building materials’ value includes materials that have been extracted, processed and manufactured regionally.

LEED: The project was awarded a LEED Gold certification.

STUDENT SERVICES CENTER

Bio: The Student Services Center is a three-story,

76,700-gross-square-foot building housing a cafeteria, bookstore, multipurpose room, convenience store, coffee shop/café and meeting rooms and offices.

Natural light: The lightwell and atrium will be multifunctional, harvesting daylight into the building core, creating ventilation and helping with wayfinding.

Photovoltaics: Solar panels capture energy and provide shade to the building and outdoor balconies.

Exceed state requirements: The building is 35 % more efficient than required by the State of California's Title 24 energy efficiency code for construction.

Water efficiency: The building uses reclaimed

water for landscape irrigation.

BIM: Using Building Information Modeling (BIM) allowed the team to study building orientation and daylighting resulting in optimized sunshades.

LEED: The project is on track to obtain a LEED Silver certification.

STUDENT SERVICES CENTER

55

THE LIBRARY/LEARNING RESOURCE CENTER

Bio: The Library/Learning Resource Center (LLRC) is a three-story, 105,000-gross-square-foot facility providing state-of-the art teaching and independent learning spaces and includes a library, classrooms,

computer labs, tutoring services, a media production facility, faculty and staff offices, and work spaces.

Low water use fixtures: High-efficiency plumbing fixtures.

Recycled materials: Extensive use of construction and design materials made

with recycled content. Materials are locally produced or harvested, and produce little or no chemical fumes.

Low electricity use: High-efficiency electrical fixtures.

Natural light: The building design maximizes both natural light and views to

LIBRARY/LEARNING RESOURCE CENTER

the outside, which increases user comfort and productivity, and reduces the need for artificial light.

High-performance materials: All windows use high-performance glass that allows sunlight to filter into the building, but reduces the amount of UV light and solar heat that comes in.

56

LIBRARY/LEARNING RESOURCE CENTER

Heating/cooling: Light-colored roofing, concrete paving and large shade trees reduce the heat absorbed by the building and radiate it back out from the building.

Photovoltaics: A rooftop deck provides gathering space and area for future solar photovoltaic panels.

Drought-resistant plants: Trees and shrubs were selected for their compatibility to the area, to provide shade and to minimize the need for water.

Water efficiency: A high-efficiency irrigation system uses reclaimed water and utilizes a controller that adjusts itself to local weather,

resulting in significant water savings.

Landfill diversion: Diversion of at least 75% of construction waste from local landfills.

LEED: The project was awarded a LEED Silver certification.

57

PARKING STRUCTURE/POLICE STATION

Bio: The Police Station includes a spacious reception area, conference room, offices, and a secure suspect processing area. The reception area of the police substation showcases a recessed, interactive flat screen panel that informs visitors of the building’s sustainable features, and reinforces San

Diego Miramar College’s sustainability goals.

Natural light: Workspaces are organized along the building’s perimeter to maximize the use of natural light in the building. Large windows and light shelves provide daylighting for these spaces, internal areas are lit by using skylights that bring light down into the interior from the roof. Significant

energy savings is achieved utilizing these daylight-harvesting techniques. Solatube skylights were installed to capture natural light and enhance occupants’ work conditions.

Heating/cooling: Key to its sustainable design is a green roof grid system, which covers the majority of the roof deck. The grid system uses modular panels for ease of

PARKING STRUCTURE/POLICE STATION

installation, roof access and maintenance. A green screen, designed to achieve the look of a vertical garden, covers the west elevation of the parking structure. This green screen on the west elevation of the parking structure will also further contribute to lower ambient heat gain, both within the police substation and the new parking structure. The attached vegetation helps absorb rain water,

58

PARKING STRUCTURE/POLICE STATION

reduces the load on the drainage system, and minimizes the impact on the local storm drain system. The vegetation used also contributes to a microclimate that is central to the facility’s passive thermal and natural ventilation design. The xeriscape plants incorporated into the roof system significantly reduced the need for stormwater infrastructure conveyance and

retention systems. They also will help remove impurities from storm-water runoff, while reducing maintenance costs for filtration systems. Additionally, the green roof and wall systems help keep the building cooler and complement the benefits of the pervious pavement used in the parking area. The tower element serves as a solar chimney – a passive solar strategy

used to create a flow of natural ventilation. The top of the tower will heat up, and louvers will provide for air exhaust at the high point. Inside the building, exposed concrete walls and ceiling will create a thermal mass that can store heat during the day, and release it during the night to keep the building comfortable during operating hours. Operable windows that provide

natural ventilation and suspended ceiling “clouds” that enhance acoustical performance while serving as reflectors for daylight are also featured in the building.

Reclaimed water: Reclaimed water is used for all irrigation needs.

the parking structure/police station project obtained a leed platinum certification – the first platinum project for a local community college

59

AWARDS, ACCOLADES, KUDOS

American Public Works Association, San Diego and Imperial Counties Chapter

2013 Honor Project, Structures - $26 - $75 million: San Diego Mesa College Student Services Center

2013 Project of the Year, Structures - Over $75 million: San Diego City College Math & Social Sciences Building

2012 Project of the Year: San Diego Miramar College Police Station

2011 Chapter Project of the Year Award - 2.4 Megawatt (MW) Power Purchase Agreement

American Society of Civil Engineers, San Diego Chapter

2013 Award of Excellence: San Diego City College Math & Social Sciences Building

2013 Outstanding Award in Sustainable Technology: San Diego Mesa College Student Services Center

2010 Outstanding Engineering Feasibility Project: San Diego Miramar College Infrastructure Project

2009 Award of Merit in Sustainable Technology: San Diego Continuing Education West City Campus

California Higher Education Sustainability Conference

2011 Best Practice for Sustainable Design: San Diego City College Career Technology Center

2010 Best Practice for Water Efficiency and Site Water Quality: Standardization of Calsense Irrigation Control System

ENR California

2013 Best Project: Continuing Education Mesa College Campus

San Diego Gas and Electric

2013 Higher Education Energy Champion

2012 Honorable Mention: Energy Champion

2011 Honorable Mention: Energy Champion

2010 Honorable Mention: Energy Champion

UC/CSU/CCC Sustainability Conference

2009 Best Practice - Student Sustainability Program: San Diego City College Urban Farm

2009 Best Practice - Lighting Design and Retrofit: Harry West Gym

2008 Honorable Mention - HVAC Retrofit: Districtwide Upgrades to HVAC Systems

60

American Public Works Association, San Diego and Imperial Counties Chapter

2013 Honor Project, Structures - $26 - $75 million: San Diego Mesa College Student Services Center

2013 Project of the Year, Structures - Over $75 million: San Diego City College Math & Social Sciences Building

2012 Project of the Year: San Diego Miramar College Police Station

2011 Chapter Project of the Year Award - 2.4 Megawatt (MW) Power Purchase Agreement

American Society of Civil Engineers, San Diego Chapter

2013 Award of Excellence: San Diego City College Math & Social Sciences Building

2013 Outstanding Award in Sustainable Technology: San Diego Mesa College Student Services Center

2010 Outstanding Engineering Feasibility Project: San Diego Miramar College Infrastructure Project

2009 Award of Merit in Sustainable Technology: San Diego Continuing Education West City Campus

California Higher Education Sustainability Conference

2011 Best Practice for Sustainable Design: San Diego City College Career Technology Center

2010 Best Practice for Water Efficiency and Site Water Quality: Standardization of Calsense Irrigation Control System

ENR California

2013 Best Project: Continuing Education Mesa College Campus

San Diego Gas and Electric

2013 Higher Education Energy Champion

2012 Honorable Mention: Energy Champion

2011 Honorable Mention: Energy Champion

2010 Honorable Mention: Energy Champion

UC/CSU/CCC Sustainability Conference

2009 Best Practice - Student Sustainability Program: San Diego City College Urban Farm

2009 Best Practice - Lighting Design and Retrofit: Harry West Gym

2008 Honorable Mention - HVAC Retrofit: Districtwide Upgrades to HVAC Systems

61

SAN DIEGO COMMUNITY COLLEGE DISTRICT

The mission of the San Diego Community College District is to provide accessible, high-quality learning experiences to meet the educational needs of the San Diego Community.

Board of Trustees:

Mary Graham . Rich Grosch . Bernie Rhinerson Maria Nieto Senour, Ph.D. . Peter Zschiesche

Constance M. Carroll, Ph.D., Chancellor

Presidents:

(Interim) Lynn Ceresino Neault , Ed.D., San Diego City CollegePamela T. Luster, Ed.D., San Diego Mesa CollegePatricia Hsieh, Ed.D., San Diego Miramar CollegeAnthony E. Beebe, Ed.D., San Diego Continuing Education

Christopher Manis, Vice Chancellor, Facilities ManagementJack Beresford, Director, Communications and Public Relations

The San Diego Community College District (SDCCD) includes San Diego City College, San Diego Mesa College, San Diego Miramar College, and San Diego Continuing Education. The SDCCD is governed by its Board of Trustees. no oral or written representation is binding on the SDCCD without the express approval of the Board of Trustees.

LEARN MORE:

District website sdccd.eduPropositions S and N website public.sdccdprops-n.com YouTube youtube.com/sdccdpropssnFacebook facebook.com/propssnTwitter twitter.com/sdccdpropssn