2015 ledwave law enforcement & military division

Precision Lighting ToolsTO LEDWAVE

LEDWAVE LIGHTING INSTRUMENTS 2012

www.ledwave.eu

LEDWAVE PRECISION LIGHTING TOOLS 3

Ledwave: Certifi cationsand quality standards:

A certifi ed products brand CE & FCC RoHS compliance approved

General Features

LED Technology

Polymer Flashlights

XENON Technology

HID Technology

Tactical Products

Accessories

Glossary

WELCOME

Founder, Juan Galey, founded OMBU in early 1975 when he started

to represent in Spain, the most prestigious European fl ashlight

brands and batteries. His son, Arnaud Galey, thanks to knowledge

about new lighting technologies gained from his studies and

father’s experience in the fl ashlight and battery market, started

to develop along the guidance from numerous outdoor and

military veterans thus seized a major opportunity with a new

type of lightings, Light Emitting Diodes (L.E.D.s) and Xenon high

pressure micro lamps under Ledwave’s world-wide registered

brand. OMBU builds products using innovative technologies and

manufacturing processes, products that make people stop and

take a second look.

OMBU means crystallize your thoughts and goals, achieve the

path you set out on and never take the easier route. OMBU doesn’t

settle for “me-too” attitudes nor do we conform to the status quod.

These themes have strong parallels not only in outdoor, military

and professional activities, but also resonate in real life issues.

OMBU lights are now sold in hundreds of storefronts and catalogs

in Spain but also abroad, along distributors in the U.S., all Europe,

Russia, Canada, Australia and Asia.

Chip Protection

Duty Light

Green light

White light

Blue light

Red light

Infra-red light

Ultra-Violet light

Battery type

Military

Personal light

Tactical Light

Law Enforcement

Precision Lighting ToolsTO LEDWAVE

www.ledwave.eu

Ledwave: Certifi cationsand quality standards:

A certifi ed products brand CE & FCC RoHS compliance approved

General Features

LED Technology

Polymer Flashlights

XENON Technology

HID Technology

Tactical Products

Accessories

Glossary

WELCOME

Founder, Juan Galey, founded OMBU in early 1975 when he started

to represent in Spain, the most prestigious European fl ashlight

brands and batteries. His son, Arnaud Galey, thanks to knowledge

about new lighting technologies gained from his studies and

father’s experience in the fl ashlight and battery market, started

to develop along the guidance from numerous outdoor and

military veterans thus seized a major opportunity with a new

type of lightings, Light Emitting Diodes (L.E.D.s) and Xenon high

pressure micro lamps under Ledwave’s world-wide registered

brand. OMBU builds products using innovative technologies and

manufacturing processes, products that make people stop and

take a second look.

OMBU means crystallize your thoughts and goals, achieve the

path you set out on and never take the easier route. OMBU doesn’t

settle for “me-too” attitudes nor do we conform to the status quod.

These themes have strong parallels not only in outdoor, military

and professional activities, but also resonate in real life issues.

OMBU lights are now sold in hundreds of storefronts and catalogs

in Spain but also abroad, along distributors in the U.S., all Europe,

Russia, Canada, Australia and Asia.

Chip Protection

Duty Light

Green light

White light

Blue light

Red light

Infra-red light

Ultra-Violet light

Battery type

Military

Personal light

Tactical Light

Law Enforcement

www.ledwave.eu

POWER ZOOM

PL-1INTRUDER

NIGHTSTORM II

HID SPOTLIGHT

PAL-320

DUAL WILDFINDER

ANGLE LIGHT

PEL-4P

X-ZOOMGREEN LASER

ANGLE LIGHT

www.ledwave.eu

POWER ZOOM

PL-1INTRUDER

NIGHTSTORM II

HID SPOTLIGHT

PAL-320

DUAL WILDFINDER

ANGLE LIGHT

PEL-4P

X-ZOOMGREEN LASER

ANGLE LIGHT

www.ledwave.eu

GENERAL FEATURES

PROFESSIONALQUALITY FLASHLIGHTSWITHIN EVERYONE’S GRASP

LEDWAVE fl ashlights are instruments of great technical prevision. They

are designed and manufactured to suit the strict requirements of the

worldwide military, law enforcement & professional users.

Manufactured with CNC machined 6063-T aluminium, this type of

aluminium is used both by the army and aeronautic industry and is also

coated with an TypeIII anodized layer. Our fl ashlights have been tested

and certifi ed in accordance with the MIL-STD-461E and MIL-STD-810F

Standards. LEDWAVE fl ashlights are tough and precise, whatever the

operating conditions.

All LEDWAVE fl ashlight bulbs are protected by a tempered glass lens. The

advantage of using glass over polycarbonate is its greater

resistance against the high temperature produced after

prolonged usage and impacts.

LEDWAVE fl ashlights are also weatherproof as they come

with high performance O-ring seals. No matter under what

kind of weather conditions, you can count on your LEDWAVE

fl ashlight without any worries about the reliability and

performance. Our fl ashlights incorporate with CR-123A

Lithium or Lithium-ion rechargeable batteries for the top

performance. They are safe, reliable and hard wearing.

FOCUS OR PREFOCUS?

LEDWAVE fl ashlights are equipped with a prefocusing system. The

fl ashlight refl ector has been designed by CAD to shed maximum light

on the target. It yields a point of maximum intensity in the centre of the

light beam and a very broad corona to guarantee maximum possible light

diff usion.

On manual, focus fl ashlights either a maximum focus point or a wide

corona can be chosen.

The number of lumens of a fl ashlight is solely a partial indicator of its

performance, as this only gives an idea of the light amount obtained at a

specifi c point.

What really needs to be taken into account is both the light intensity of the

whole light beam focused on a target, and the fl ashlight’s reach.

Example of LEDWAVE fl ashlight

with prefocusing: A perfect

spotlight, centred on a uniformly

lit corona with neither shadows nor

distortions.

Example of fl ashlight with a

minimum focus point: There is no

real light centre and The corona

is diff used and imprecise, which

gives rise to numerous shadows and

distortions.

maximum focus point: Relatively

bright centre with scant light outside

the centre.

www.ledwave.eu

GENERAL FEATURES

PROFESSIONALQUALITY FLASHLIGHTSWITHIN EVERYONE’S GRASP

LEDWAVE fl ashlights are instruments of great technical prevision. They

are designed and manufactured to suit the strict requirements of the

worldwide military, law enforcement & professional users.

Manufactured with CNC machined 6063-T aluminium, this type of

aluminium is used both by the army and aeronautic industry and is also

coated with an TypeIII anodized layer. Our fl ashlights have been tested

and certifi ed in accordance with the MIL-STD-461E and MIL-STD-810F

Standards. LEDWAVE fl ashlights are tough and precise, whatever the

operating conditions.

All LEDWAVE fl ashlight bulbs are protected by a tempered glass lens. The

advantage of using glass over polycarbonate is its greater

resistance against the high temperature produced after

prolonged usage and impacts.

LEDWAVE fl ashlights are also weatherproof as they come

with high performance O-ring seals. No matter under what

kind of weather conditions, you can count on your LEDWAVE

fl ashlight without any worries about the reliability and

performance. Our fl ashlights incorporate with CR-123A

Lithium or Lithium-ion rechargeable batteries for the top

performance. They are safe, reliable and hard wearing.

FOCUS OR PREFOCUS?

LEDWAVE fl ashlights are equipped with a prefocusing system. The

fl ashlight refl ector has been designed by CAD to shed maximum light

on the target. It yields a point of maximum intensity in the centre of the

light beam and a very broad corona to guarantee maximum possible light

diff usion.

On manual, focus fl ashlights either a maximum focus point or a wide

corona can be chosen.

The number of lumens of a fl ashlight is solely a partial indicator of its

performance, as this only gives an idea of the light amount obtained at a

specifi c point.

What really needs to be taken into account is both the light intensity of the

whole light beam focused on a target, and the fl ashlight’s reach.

Example of LEDWAVE fl ashlight

with prefocusing: A perfect

spotlight, centred on a uniformly

lit corona with neither shadows nor

distortions.

minimum focus point: There is no

real light centre and The corona

is diff used and imprecise, which

gives rise to numerous shadows and

distortions.

maximum focus point: Relatively

bright centre with scant light outside

the centre.

www.ledwave.eu

LEDWAVE PRECISION LIGHTING TOOLS 9+ High light power + Long-lasting bulb + Low consumption

+ Long reach + High light power

+ Very long useful life + Low consumption + Tough bulb

LEDXENON HID

GENERAL FEATURES

LED, XENON OR HID

When choosing a fl ashlight, the fi rst thing to consider is its bulb type.

For standard use and lighting up to a distance of 100 metres, LED is the

best choice as it lasts virtually forever and consumes very little energy.

Second and third generation LEDs are used by LEDWAVE and provides

bright White light with such a high quality unrivalled in the market.

XENON, a technology that also features great advantages and a reach of

up to 250 metres, is available in our high-performance fl ashlights.

Higher energy consumption is compensated by the use of

rechargeable batteries, or, the new system of Lithium-ion

batteries that LEDWAVE has incorporated in some of its

models.

If you require even greater illumination, we can supply HID

technology in a spot fl ashlight that generates pure White

light and has a useful span life exceeding that of Xenon. This

bulb type takes a few seconds before reaching its maximum

light intensity.

LIGHT COLOURSAND THEIR ADVANTAGES One of LEDWAVE’s “specialties”, fl ashlights with diff erent

colour LEDs, which are designed to match diff erent needs and

applications of armed forces and hunters worldwide.

The main benefi t of colour LEDs over and above colour fi lters

applied on a White light fl ashlight is intensity lost through the

use of a fi lter, a loss that can reach up to 70%. However, with

colour LEDs, all the light intensity is preserved while using

the necessary colour.

The Green LED of the Dual Wildfi nder enhances night vision

but is not visible by animals and also helps intensify contrast.

While the Blue LED of the Tracking Light TL-4 intensifi es

blood contrast. Because of its long and precise wavelength,

bloodstains appear virtually in Black, while other items

appear in diff erent tones of Grey. This help hunters fi nd the

location where an animal has been wounded, or professional

forensic scientists to identify the remains also for blood or

other fl uids and traces.

The Red LED enhances the night vision of the human eyes and

attracts less attention from animals. It is, therefore, very useful

for tracking game at night time.

www.ledwave.eu

LEDWAVE PRECISION LIGHTING TOOLS 9+ High light power + Long-lasting bulb + Low consumption

+ Long reach + High light power

+ Very long useful life + Low consumption + Tough bulb

LEDXENON HID

GENERAL FEATURES

LED, XENON OR HID

When choosing a fl ashlight, the fi rst thing to consider is its bulb type.

For standard use and lighting up to a distance of 100 metres, LED is the

best choice as it lasts virtually forever and consumes very little energy.

Second and third generation LEDs are used by LEDWAVE and provides

bright White light with such a high quality unrivalled in the market.

XENON, a technology that also features great advantages and a reach of

up to 250 metres, is available in our high-performance fl ashlights.

Higher energy consumption is compensated by the use of

rechargeable batteries, or, the new system of Lithium-ion

batteries that LEDWAVE has incorporated in some of its

models.

If you require even greater illumination, we can supply HID

technology in a spot fl ashlight that generates pure White

light and has a useful span life exceeding that of Xenon. This

bulb type takes a few seconds before reaching its maximum

light intensity.

LIGHT COLOURSAND THEIR ADVANTAGES One of LEDWAVE’s “specialties”, fl ashlights with diff erent

colour LEDs, which are designed to match diff erent needs and

applications of armed forces and hunters worldwide.

The main benefi t of colour LEDs over and above colour fi lters

applied on a White light fl ashlight is intensity lost through the

use of a fi lter, a loss that can reach up to 70%. However, with

colour LEDs, all the light intensity is preserved while using

the necessary colour.

The Green LED of the Dual Wildfi nder enhances night vision

but is not visible by animals and also helps intensify contrast.

While the Blue LED of the Tracking Light TL-4 intensifi es

blood contrast. Because of its long and precise wavelength,

bloodstains appear virtually in Black, while other items

appear in diff erent tones of Grey. This help hunters fi nd the

location where an animal has been wounded, or professional

forensic scientists to identify the remains also for blood or

other fl uids and traces.

The Red LED enhances the night vision of the human eyes and

attracts less attention from animals. It is, therefore, very useful

for tracking game at night time.

www.ledwave.eu

Graphic Nº 2 shows the diameter of

the luminous spot at distances of 10,

20, 30, 40 and 50 meters.

Graphic Nº 1 shows the luminous

fl ux in Candelas

GENERAL FEATURES

LUMENSVS CANDELAS

All the technical features of our fl ashlights in this catalogue

were made by an independent offi cial laboratory (APPLUS).

Applied specifi cations:

Publication CIE Nº 121: 1996- The photometry and goniophotometry of luminariesPublication CIE Nº 84: 1989- Measurement of luminous fl ux

Tests were made with brand new Lithium batteries and after

stabilization of light intensity (15 minutes after connexion).

This means that tests were made in real conditions of use and

for your insurance to have the same results with your LEDWAVE

fl ashlight.

The reaches of the fl ashlights are measured with a minimal

light of 0.5 lux following American norms IBC (International

Building Code) in ICC norm (International Code Council) and

the European norm EN 1838.

What is a LUMEN (Lm)?A lumen is a unit of the standard measurement

used to describe how much light output

contained in a certain area.

What is a CANDELA (Cd)?A candela is a kind of measurement for the

intensity of light, mainly used in the International

Standard (SI) Measurement System.

Both units are simple defi nitions in complex

measurement, but in LEDWAVE’s philosophy,

it’s our job to make our customers and fl ashlight

enthusiasts to understand with every basic

facts, why CANDELAS and why LUMENS?

The most concern for all users is to fi nd out

what is the real reach of their fl ashlight and

how far their fl ashlight they are using can

illuminate targets in darkness? At LEDWAVE,

we are capable to give the exact answer by

using CANDELAS as the unit, because it is the

unit that provides the luminous intensity, on the

other hand, this is the only way to know exactly

the reach of your fl ashlight.

We also provide the exact readings across the

board on our programme of fl ashlights, for

users to know the exact candela rating with

the correspondent reach of every Ledwave

fl ashlight in accordance to Photometric and

Gonophotometric’s offi cial certifi ed laboratories

(ENAC) of Technical University of Barcelona in

Spain.

Why other fl ashlight manufacturers advertise measurements in Lumens but not Candelas?There are too many reasons, but the main reason

is, what a surprise, majoritywise of fl ashlight

manufacturers don’t even know the proper way

to measure the intensity output of the fl ashlights

they built. Whatever numbers of lumens they

advertise are mainly an estimation with their

naked-eye or with wrong measurement unit.

Moreover, some fl ashlight manufacturers even

lie or double/triple the measurements in order

to sell more fl ashlights and to confuse users.

At LEDWAVE, we only provide with the REAL

numbers of measurement for every piece of

fl ashlight we built, with offi cial Government

Certifi cations and International Certifi ed

Standards provided by the labs in the University

of Barcelona.

www.ledwave.eu

Graphic Nº 2 shows the diameter of

the luminous spot at distances of 10,

20, 30, 40 and 50 meters.

Graphic Nº 1 shows the luminous

fl ux in Candelas

GENERAL FEATURES

LUMENSVS CANDELAS

All the technical features of our fl ashlights in this catalogue

were made by an independent offi cial laboratory (APPLUS).

Applied specifi cations:

Publication CIE Nº 121: 1996- The photometry and goniophotometry of luminariesPublication CIE Nº 84: 1989- Measurement of luminous fl ux

Tests were made with brand new Lithium batteries and after

stabilization of light intensity (15 minutes after connexion).

This means that tests were made in real conditions of use and

for your insurance to have the same results with your LEDWAVE

fl ashlight.

The reaches of the fl ashlights are measured with a minimal

light of 0.5 lux following American norms IBC (International

Building Code) in ICC norm (International Code Council) and

the European norm EN 1838.

What is a LUMEN (Lm)?A lumen is a unit of the standard measurement

used to describe how much light output

contained in a certain area.

What is a CANDELA (Cd)?A candela is a kind of measurement for the

intensity of light, mainly used in the International

Standard (SI) Measurement System.

Both units are simple defi nitions in complex

measurement, but in LEDWAVE’s philosophy,

it’s our job to make our customers and fl ashlight

enthusiasts to understand with every basic

facts, why CANDELAS and why LUMENS?

The most concern for all users is to fi nd out

what is the real reach of their fl ashlight and

how far their fl ashlight they are using can

illuminate targets in darkness? At LEDWAVE,

we are capable to give the exact answer by

using CANDELAS as the unit, because it is the

unit that provides the luminous intensity, on the

other hand, this is the only way to know exactly

the reach of your fl ashlight.

We also provide the exact readings across the

board on our programme of fl ashlights, for

users to know the exact candela rating with

the correspondent reach of every Ledwave

fl ashlight in accordance to Photometric and

Gonophotometric’s offi cial certifi ed laboratories

(ENAC) of Technical University of Barcelona in

Spain.

Why other fl ashlight manufacturers advertise measurements in Lumens but not Candelas?There are too many reasons, but the main reason

is, what a surprise, majoritywise of fl ashlight

manufacturers don’t even know the proper way

to measure the intensity output of the fl ashlights

they built. Whatever numbers of lumens they

advertise are mainly an estimation with their

naked-eye or with wrong measurement unit.

Moreover, some fl ashlight manufacturers even

lie or double/triple the measurements in order

to sell more fl ashlights and to confuse users.

At LEDWAVE, we only provide with the REAL

numbers of measurement for every piece of

fl ashlight we built, with offi cial Government

Certifi cations and International Certifi ed

Standards provided by the labs in the University

of Barcelona.

GENERAL FEATURES

www.ledwave.eu

Light OutputThe total lumens of output measured in an integrating sphere after the light has been activated for 30-120 seconds, gives a little time for the LED to get hot and the battery voltage to sag which will usually result in a lower output number. RuntimeThe total runtime (in minutes) while the fl ashlight in use continuously (start measurement 30 seconds ater the fl ashlight switched on), until the light output drops to 10% of its original value. This test is done in an integrating sphere, like the lumen test with intensity output readings measured every 15 minutes. Peak Beam IntensityLight intensity in Candela (cd) is measured at the brightest part of the beam, while the Lux reading is measured in the brightest portion of the beam, taken at some distance with the high-mode & tightest focus at a time period between 30 to 120 seconds after the fl ashlight was activated. The Lux reading is multiplied by the square of the distance in meters to get Candela. Regardless of the distance at which the reading is taken, you should end up with the same value in Candela. Therefore, the measurement is independent of distance. A Lux reading taken at one meter distance is the same as Candela (since 1 squared is 1) Beam ReachThe distance in meters at which the fl ashlight produces a light intensity of 0.25 lux, this is not very bright, just in the neighbourhood of a full

moon.Ignoring the distance, the value is calculated by taking the peak beam intensity measured above, divided by 0.25 lux, then taking the square root of the result. Water ResistanceThere are three possible testings & ratings: IPX4-Water Resistant: Flashlight being splashed with water from all directions with no water getting inside. IPX7-Waterproof: Flashlight being sub-merged in one meter depth of water for 30 minutes. Water can leak into the fl ashlight, but not into the areas with electronics parts or batteries. The fl ashlight must operate when removed from water and then repeating the test 30 minutes after being removed. IPX8-Submersible: The fl ashlight has to survive being submerged to some depth of one meter-plus for 4 hours. The depth will be specifi ed, for example, IPX8 10 meters. Realistically, the fl ashlight is not put in the given depth of water, but instead, is completely submerged in a container and add pressure to simulate the depth. Impact ResistanceDrop test: Height (in meters), the fl ashlight with batteries being dropped onto the concrete ground without cracking or breaking and still function properly. Flashlights are dropped in the ‘Off ’ position and allowed to come to rest before inspection to see if there is any damage. For ratings over one meter, each sample fl ashlight will drop six times with diff erent angles towards the ground.

120 min110

1680 cd82 m

FL1 STANDARD

What is it?On August 18, 2009, the American National Standards Institute (ANSI)

approved a new specifi cation standardizing fl ashlight performance. The

standard was developed by the Flashlight Standards Committee of the

National Electrical Manufacturers’ Association (NEMA).

The purpose of the standard is to allow consumers to make reliable

comparison of lights and to eliminate exaggerated light performance by

quoting “emitter lumens” or “out-the-front lumens”.

LEDWAVE performs its test with the necessary equipment and calibration

which makes this a very expensive undertaking . These tests take place in

the University of Barcelona independent lab APPLUS certifi ed by ENAC

(Spanish Government).

The FL-1 StandardPerformance of fl ashlights is measured using new batteries included with

the light when purchased or, if no batteries are included, the batteries

recommended by the packaging. There are six criteria used:

Runtime Light Output

Peak Beam Intensity

Beam Reach

Water Resistance

Impact Resistance

ANSI-NEMA FL-1

GENERAL FEATURES

www.ledwave.eu

Light OutputThe total lumens of output measured in an integrating sphere after the light has been activated for 30-120 seconds, gives a little time for the LED to get hot and the battery voltage to sag which will usually result in a lower output number. RuntimeThe total runtime (in minutes) while the fl ashlight in use continuously (start measurement 30 seconds ater the fl ashlight switched on), until the light output drops to 10% of its original value. This test is done in an integrating sphere, like the lumen test with intensity output readings measured every 15 minutes. Peak Beam IntensityLight intensity in Candela (cd) is measured at the brightest part of the beam, while the Lux reading is measured in the brightest portion of the beam, taken at some distance with the high-mode & tightest focus at a time period between 30 to 120 seconds after the fl ashlight was activated. The Lux reading is multiplied by the square of the distance in meters to get Candela. Regardless of the distance at which the reading is taken, you should end up with the same value in Candela. Therefore, the measurement is independent of distance. A Lux reading taken at one meter distance is the same as Candela (since 1 squared is 1) Beam ReachThe distance in meters at which the fl ashlight produces a light intensity of 0.25 lux, this is not very bright, just in the neighbourhood of a full

moon.Ignoring the distance, the value is calculated by taking the peak beam intensity measured above, divided by 0.25 lux, then taking the square root of the result. Water ResistanceThere are three possible testings & ratings: IPX4-Water Resistant: Flashlight being splashed with water from all directions with no water getting inside. IPX7-Waterproof: Flashlight being sub-merged in one meter depth of water for 30 minutes. Water can leak into the fl ashlight, but not into the areas with electronics parts or batteries. The fl ashlight must operate when removed from water and then repeating the test 30 minutes after being removed. IPX8-Submersible: The fl ashlight has to survive being submerged to some depth of one meter-plus for 4 hours. The depth will be specifi ed, for example, IPX8 10 meters. Realistically, the fl ashlight is not put in the given depth of water, but instead, is completely submerged in a container and add pressure to simulate the depth. Impact ResistanceDrop test: Height (in meters), the fl ashlight with batteries being dropped onto the concrete ground without cracking or breaking and still function properly. Flashlights are dropped in the ‘Off ’ position and allowed to come to rest before inspection to see if there is any damage. For ratings over one meter, each sample fl ashlight will drop six times with diff erent angles towards the ground.

120 min110

1680 cd82 m

FL1 STANDARD

What is it?On August 18, 2009, the American National Standards Institute (ANSI)

approved a new specifi cation standardizing fl ashlight performance. The

standard was developed by the Flashlight Standards Committee of the

National Electrical Manufacturers’ Association (NEMA).

The purpose of the standard is to allow consumers to make reliable

comparison of lights and to eliminate exaggerated light performance by

quoting “emitter lumens” or “out-the-front lumens”.

LEDWAVE performs its test with the necessary equipment and calibration

which makes this a very expensive undertaking . These tests take place in

the University of Barcelona independent lab APPLUS certifi ed by ENAC

(Spanish Government).

The FL-1 StandardPerformance of fl ashlights is measured using new batteries included with

the light when purchased or, if no batteries are included, the batteries

recommended by the packaging. There are six criteria used:

Runtime Light Output

Peak Beam Intensity

Beam Reach

Water Resistance

Impact Resistance

ANSI-NEMA FL-1

www.ledwave.eu

WHAT IS LED TECHNOLOGY?

LEDWAVE fl ashlights are manufactured to meet the needs of the armed

forces, security corps and personnels. The quality of the materials used to

manufacture is, therefore, extremely important.

OMBU performs constant research in order to corporate with the latest

LED technology, unlike traditional incandescent lights, LEDs are solid-

state devices: Light is generated on a molecular scale and not through

the use of a fi lament. In conclusion, LEDs have three big advantages over

conventional incandescent lights.

1) Energy Effi ciency: An incandescent lamp emits light by means of a

fi lament heated by an electrical current. Heating this fi lament needs the

consumption of a large quantity of energy power, which, considers not

light but heat (a normal bulb therefore heats up when it is on). LEDs have

no fi laments to heat and burnout, as a consequence, do not waste energy.

They are, indeed, 15-20 times more effi cient than incandescent lamps.

2) Long Life-span: The part of the LED that emits light output has a useful

life-span of approximately 100,000 hours, whereas, the life of a normal

incandescent lamp does not exceed 40 hours.

3) Mechanical Resistance: LED components are coated with optical

quality epoxy resin, which is a practically indestructible material. There

are neither glass parts nor breakable fi laments. LEDs are,

therefore, perfect for hostile environments and

extreme temperatures. In an incandescent lamp, on

the other hand, the fi lament and the glass bulb are

extremely fragile and very easy to break even at

the slightest impact.