2016 tyrrhenian international workshop on digital...
TRANSCRIPT
© 2016, it - instituto de telecomunicações. Todos os direitos reservados.
Arnaldo S. R. Oliveira
FLEXICELL - Open C-RAN Lab
Testbed
2016 Tyrrhenian International Workshop on Digital Communications
Livorno, Italy - September 11-14, 2016
2
Summary
• FLEXICELL (IT-Aveiro flexible and open C-RAN
LTE lab demonstrator/testbed based on
OpenAirInterface)
• Complete C-RAN LTE compliant base station for
experimentation and evaluation of next generation
wireless communication systems
• Outline of this talk
• Motivation
• Architecture
• Implementation
• Demonstration video
• Concluding remarks
2016 Tyrrhenian International Workshop on Digital Communications
| Livorno, Italy - September 11-14, 2016
3
5G Communication Scenarios
2016 Tyrrhenian International Workshop on Digital Communications
| Livorno, Italy - September 11-14, 2016
Emergency communication
Large-scale events Aeronautical
communication
M2M communication
New train guidance
4K/8Kdigital signage
Multi-angle real-time
communication
B2Bcommunication
Remote control
Network appliances
High-speed railway communication Automatic
operation
Car telematics
High bandwidth IoT/M2M Low latency
4
Cloud Radio Access Networks
2016 Tyrrhenian International Workshop on Digital Communications
| Livorno, Italy - September 11-14, 2016
Source: White Paper - “Fronthaul & Cloud RAN Evolutions” (Orange, PT, NTT, Swisscom)
Node density
Number of cells
Bandwidth and throughput
Power efficiency
Latency
Cell size
CAPEX and OPEX
5
Cloud Radio Access Networks
• Remote Radio Heads (RRHs) / Remote Antenna Units (RAUs)
transparently connected to a Base Band Unit (BBU) or Central Unit (CU)
• Processing functionalities transferred to the BBU
• Co-located processing of the radio signals from multiple antenna sites
• Facilitate the implementation of cooperation techniques
• Ease vertical handover
2016 Tyrrhenian International Workshop on Digital Communications
| Livorno, Italy - September 11-14, 2016
• Reliable, simple, transparent and
inexpensive (optical) networks
are required to interconnect the
RRHs with the BBU
6
Base OpenAirInterface FLEXICELL C-RAN Platform
2016 Tyrrhenian International Workshop on Digital Communications
| Livorno, Italy - September 11-14, 2016
COTS UEsOAI Soft EPC OAI Soft eNB
Internet
App Server
SGi
S11
HSSMME
S1-C
GPP
ExpressMIMO2S+PDN-GW
OAI Soft EPC OAI/FLEXICELL C-RAN Soft eNB
COTS UEs
S11
HSSMME
S1-C
GPP XilinxKC705/VC707
S+PDN-GW
FLEXICELL CPE/RRH
Xilinx KC705
7
CPRI 20 km optical fiber
Fronthaul
UE #1
LTE Network Core
OAI EPCMobile
BackhaulInternet
Fronthaul Interface
RadioCompress.
OAI Soft Modem
Centralized Base Band Unit (BBU)
Multi-bandRF
Frontend
Fronthaul Interface
RadioCompress.
Remote Radio Head (RRH)
S1
UE #2
FLEXICELL C-RAN Testbed Architecture @ IT-Aveiro
• Cloud RAN compliant
• 20 km fronthaul
• CPRI-based transport
• Digital radio compression
• Multi-band Software Defined Radio front-end (RRH)
• OAI eNodeB and EPC (LTE)
• Interoperability with commercial UEs
2016 Tyrrhenian International Workshop on Digital Communications
| Livorno, Italy - September 11-14, 2016
8
Base Band Unit
2016 Tyrrhenian International Workshop on Digital Communications
| Livorno, Italy - September 11-14, 2016
DDR
Data Interconnect
Embedded Processor
(MicroBlaze)DMA Controllers
Control Interconnect
PCIe Gen2Interface
Compression
E-UTRA
Ethernet MAC
Decompression
CPRICore
UART
Local Memory
OAI SoftmodemComputer
(standard x64 PC
running OAI softmodem
with IT device drivers)
SFP+ Fronthaul
External(master)
ClockReference
Debug Manager
Interrupt Controller
CPRI Clock DomainPCIe Clock Domain Xilinx VC707/KC705 Dev Kit
CPRIReference
Clock
CPRI 20 km optical fiber
Fronthaul
UE #1
LTE Network Core
OAI EPCMobile
BackhaulInternet
Fronthaul Interface
RadioCompress.
OAI Soft Modem
Centralized Base Band Unit (BBU)
Multi-bandRF
Frontend
Fronthaul Interface
RadioCompress.
Remote Radio Head (RRH)
S1
UE #2
9
Remote Radio Head
2016 Tyrrhenian International Workshop on Digital Communications
| Livorno, Italy - September 11-14, 2016
RF Frontend Data
Interface
Embedded Processor
(MicroBlaze)
Control Interconnect
FMC
Compression
E-UTRA
Ethernet MAC
Decompression
CPRICore
UART
Local Memory
ADFMCOMMS3
(AD9361)+
Analog RFFrontend
SFP+Fronthaul
Debug Manager
Interrupt Controller
RF FrontendControl Interface
Clock Recovery
CPRI Clock Domain Frontend Clock DomainXilinx KC705 Dev Kit
CPRI 20 km optical fiber
Fronthaul
UE #1
LTE Network Core
OAI EPCMobile
BackhaulInternet
Fronthaul Interface
RadioCompress.
OAI Soft Modem
Centralized Base Band Unit (BBU)
Multi-bandRF
Frontend
Fronthaul Interface
RadioCompress.
Remote Radio Head (RRH)
S1
UE #2
10
AFE
Xilinx KC705 Evaluation Board
FPGA Kintex-7
CompressionSFP
AD9361Digital
Interface
ADFMCOMMS3 with AD9361 RF
Transceiver
PA
LNA
PLLs
Low Jitter PLLRecovered Clock External Clock Reference
ADCADC
DACDAC
Embedded Controller
Decompression
CPRIInterface
FronthaulInterface
Remote Radio Head
2016 Tyrrhenian International Workshop on Digital Communications
| Livorno, Italy - September 11-14, 2016
CPRI 20 km optical fiber
Fronthaul
UE #1
LTE Network Core
OAI EPCMobile
BackhaulInternet
Fronthaul Interface
RadioCompress.
OAI Soft Modem
Centralized Base Band Unit (BBU)
Multi-bandRF
Frontend
Fronthaul Interface
RadioCompress.
Remote Radio Head (RRH)
S1
UE #2
Tx/Rx 1
Driver
ADFMCOMMS3
AD9361
ADL5606
Bands 1, 3
Band 7
SP5T
SP5T
LNA
LNA
LNA
Bands 8, 20
Bands 1, 3
Band 7
Switch and PA ON/OFF Control (FPGA GPIOs)
ADL5523
ADL5523
ADL5523
AP561-F
AP561-F
AP561-FADL5606
ADL5605
SP3T SP5TSP3T
SKY13415-485LF
DuplexersTDK-B8633 (Band 20)ACMD-7606 (Band 8)ACMD-6103 (Band 3)ACMD-7614(?) (Band 1)
ACMD-6007(Band 7)SKY13392-359LF
SKY13415-485LF
SP3T
Bands 8, 20
PA
Driver PA
PA
Power Monitoring Circuit
SP5T
ADC
ADCInternal
LNA
DAC
DAC
12b c2 I1
12b c2 Q1
70MHz … 6GHz Tx LO 0⁰ 90⁰
70MHz … 6GHz Rx LO 90⁰
0⁰
12b c2 I2
12b c2 Q2
SPI Slave
Control RegistersF
MC
Co
nn
ect
or
– F
PG
A I
nte
rfa
ce
BBPLL
RFPLL
Attenuation AP561-F
AP561-F
PA
PA
SKY13415-485LF
Driver
π3dB
π3dB• Bands: 1 (2100MHz), 3 (1800MHz), 7
(2600MHz), 8 (900MHz), 20 (800MHz)
• Modes: SISO 1x1 and MIMO 2x2
• Output power up to 20 dBm
11
-1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 10
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
Fronthaul Interface with Digital Radio Compression
• High-bandwidth CPRI-based optical fronthaul
supporting line rates up to 10 Gbps
• Compression of the digital radio samples (to save
fronthaul bandwidth)
• Non-linear quantization technique based on m-law
• Accounts for the statistical distribution of LTE
waveforms
• Matched Compression and Decompression blocks for
Downlink and Uplink
• Simple encoding and decoding tables (LUTs) 50% line rate savings with negligible EVM degradation
2016 Tyrrhenian International Workshop on Digital Communications
| Livorno, Italy - September 11-14, 2016
No Compression Non-Linear
Quantization
Compression
LTE Uplink Signal SC-FDMA 20MHz 4UE
Resolution (bits) 12 7
Rx Power (dBm) -30 -30
EVM (%) 0.92 1.19
LTE Downlink - OFDM
LTE Uplink – SC-FDMA
BBU
Downlink IQ Compression
Uplink IQ De-Compression
CPRIInterface
RRH
Uplink IQ Compression
Downlink IQ De-Compression
CPRIInterface
BasebandProcessing
Radio Front-EndFronthaul
Original
I/Q
n bits
I/Q codeword
n bits
I/Q
non-linear
decoded
n bits
EncoderLUT
DecoderLUT
. . .
. . .
a0
an-1
b0b1
bn-1
. . .
c0c1
cn-1
. . .
CPRI 20 km optical fiber
Fronthaul
UE #1
LTE Network Core
OAI EPCMobile
BackhaulInternet
Fronthaul Interface
RadioCompress.
OAI Soft Modem
Centralized Base Band Unit (BBU)
Multi-bandRF
Frontend
Fronthaul Interface
RadioCompress.
Remote Radio Head (RRH)
S1
UE #2
12
User Equipments/Terminals
• Interoperability with COTS UEs
• Custom SIM cards provisioning
• Smartphone (Samsung GT-I9295)
• Huawei 4G modem (E398)
• Utilization scenarios
• General data traffic (browsing, streaming, VoIP and video Skype call
2016 Tyrrhenian International Workshop on Digital Communications
| Livorno, Italy - September 11-14, 2016
Core Network
• OAI EPC running on
• Xeon-based virtual machine (6 vCPU; RAM 10Gb; Disk 250GB)
CPRI 20 km optical fiber
Fronthaul
UE #1
LTE Network Core
OAI EPCMobile
BackhaulInternet
Fronthaul Interface
RadioCompress.
OAI Soft Modem
Centralized Base Band Unit (BBU)
Multi-bandRF
Frontend
Fronthaul Interface
RadioCompress.
Remote Radio Head (RRH)
S1
UE #2
13
SIM cards information
• Algorithm: Milenage
• Ki: 00112233445566778899aabbccddeeff
• OP: 01020304050607080910111213141516
• OPc: 0ed47545168eafe2c39c075829a7b61f
• SPN: OpenAirInterface MCC: 268 (PT) MNC: 08 (new MNO/MNC)
• IMSI: 268080000000001 (MCC|MNC|id),
• SQN: 000000000001
2016 Tyrrhenian International Workshop on Digital Communications
| Livorno, Italy - September 11-14, 2016
SIM card configuration and provisioning
• USIM cards
• SMAOT100NFC - 4G/LTE UICC Open Card
• Card reader/programmer and software
• Gemalto IDBridge K30 USB token
• Card Admin tool
CPRI 20 km optical fiber
Fronthaul
UE #1
LTE Network Core
OAI EPCMobile
BackhaulInternet
Fronthaul Interface
RadioCompress.
OAI Soft Modem
Centralized Base Band Unit (BBU)
Multi-bandRF
Frontend
Fronthaul Interface
RadioCompress.
Remote Radio Head (RRH)
S1
UE #2
14
Deployment Scenario – PON supported Fronthaul
2016 Tyrrhenian International Workshop on Digital Communications
| Livorno, Italy - September 11-14, 2016
Residential(2Play and 3Play services)
Local Community (Schools, Police Stations,…)
OLT NG-PON2
Tx, Rx
1, 5
OLT XG-PON
2, 6
3, 7
4, 8
Business and Enterprise (VPN L3, Access to the internet)
NG-PON2 ONU
GPON ONU
WM
OTDR
Copper Last Mile (MSAN and DSLAM aggregation)
Mobile BackhaulCommon Public Radio Interface (CPRI)
NG-PON2 ONU
GPON ONU
OAI Virtualized BBU
CPRI 1
CPRI n
Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI)
CO / OLT
Splitter
ODN / Fronthaul CPE / RRH
DL/UL
CPRI Compression & Port Expansion
MU
X
MU
X
Flexicell CPE / RRH n
Mobile Devices
BasebandProcessing
IP/M
PLS
bac
khau
lO
AI E
PC
/LT
E
RF Video HE
OLT GPON
CEx
CoexistenceElement
Flexicell CPE / RRH 1
PON is a distributed network with inherently centralized control
15
Demonstration
Video
2016 Tyrrhenian International Workshop on Digital Communications
| Livorno, Italy - September 11-14, 2016
16
Concluding Remarks
• OAI-based flexible C-RAN LTE lab demonstrator
• To the best of our knowledge it is the first, open and fully
operational C-RAN compliant implementation
• Exceeding 20 km tested fronthaul
• BBU and RRH digital components implemented on COTS FPGA
kits (Xilinx VC707 and KC705)
• Custom design of the RRH RF multi-band front-end
• Interoperability with commercial UEs
• Convenient testbed to evaluate
• Digital radio compression algorithms to save fronthaul bandwidth
• Latency vs. fronthaul length
• Throughput requirements
• New fronthaul protocols and interfaces
• Next generation waveforms
2016 Tyrrhenian International Workshop on Digital Communications
| Livorno, Italy - September 11-14, 2016
17
Thank you very much for your attention
2016 Tyrrhenian International Workshop on Digital Communications
| Livorno, Italy - September 11-14, 2016
Project team members: Arnaldo Oliveira, Jorge Santos, Paulo Monteiro, Nuno Carvalho + Altice Labs engineers