2018 acs fall scientific meeting...2018 acs fall scientific meeting saturday october 13, 2018 І...
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2018 ACS FALL SCIENTIFIC MEETING
Saturday October 13, 2018 І Curtiss Hall, SVSU
Conference Schedule
Time Schedule Location
7:30-8:00 Guest check in at the front desk, Breakfast Registration Desk
8:00-8:10 Opening Remarks Banquet Room B
8:10-8:40 Invited Speaker (Dr. Ted Bergin, UM) Banquet Room B
8:40-9:05 Oral Presenter (Benjamin Appiagyei, MSU) Banquet Room B
9:05-9:35 Invited Speaker (Christopher Windiate, Dow) Banquet Room B
9:35-10:00 Oral Presenter (You-Shin Chen, Georgetown University) Banquet Room B
10:00-10:15 BREAK
10:15-10:45 Invited Speaker (Dr. Marcos Dantus, MSU) Banquet Room B
10:45-11:10 Oral Presenter (Nona Ehyaei, MSU) Banquet Room B
11:10-11:40 Invited Speaker (Dr. Margaret Wooldridge, UM) Banquet Room B
11:40-12:05 Oral Presenter (Michael Ferritto, Dow Chemical) Banquet Room B
12:05-1:15 LUNCH SVSU's Cafeteria
1:15-3:15 Poster Session Banquet Room A
3:15-4:00 Keynote Speaker (Dr. Allison Steiner, UM) Banquet Room B
4:00-4:30 Award Ceremony and Closing Remarks Banquet Room B
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Oral Presentation (Banquet Room B)
# Presenter Topic Affiliation
1 Dr. Ted Bergin The Chemistry of Planetary Birth U of M
2 Benjamin Appiagyei Electroactivated Alkylation of Amines with Alcohols via Borrowing Hydrogen Methodology
MSU
3 Christopher Windiate Making the Case of Silicones in Space Dow
4 You-Shin Chen Application of 3-D Cell Culture in Biomedical Research Georgetown Uni. Med. Ctr
5 Dr. Marcos Dantus Ultrafast Formation of H3+, The Most Important Ion in Interstellar Chemistry
MSU
6 Nona Ehyaei Investigating the Biological Relevancy of Domain Swapped Dimer of hCRBPII
MSU
7 Dr. Margaret Wooldridge
How to Successfully Integrate Fuels into the Transportation Sector – or Why I Like Ethanol
U of M
8 Dr. Michael Ferritto Hydrolytically Stable Sugar Siloxanes Dow
9 Dr. Allison Steiner* Atmospheric Chemistry and The Biosphere: Natural sources of volatile organic compounds and their fate in the atmosphere
U of M
* Keynote speaker
Poster Presentation (Banquet Room A)
# Presenter Topic Affiliation
1 Nikolas Kenaya Using Human Cellular Retinol Binding Protein II as a Template to Create a New Class of Allosterically Regulated Metalloprotein
MSU
2 C. Ferran-Heredia Domain Swapping in Intracellular Lipid Binding Proteins MSU
3 Rahele Esmatpour Development of fluorescent protein tags with minimal fluorest background for live-cell imaging
MSU
4 Kristin Krol Synthesis of C-Glycosides Modeled After Type II Diabetes Treatments
SVSU
5 Kylee Voorhis Modulation of Mitochondrial Respiration with TMPD and Cytochrome C
MSU
6 Alicyn Stothard Trehalose Analogues Block Utilization of Trehalose by Hypervirulent Clostridium Difficile
CMU
7 Anthony Porath Synthesis and electrochemical properties of tri-functional pyridinium compounds.
MSU
8 Justin Massing An 19F magnetic resonance probe for activity -based sensing of hydrogen peroxide
U of M-Flint
9 Justin Massing 19F magnetic resonance probes for activity-based sensing of formaldehyde
U of M-Flint
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# Presenter Topic Affiliation
10 Nana L Morehouse Determination of alcohol contents and analysis of flavor components in beers by using Gas Chromatography (GC) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
CMU
11 Adesola Adeyemi High Performance Liquid Chromatography Analysis Of Beer From Mountain Town Brewing Company
CMU
12 Vincent Flores Electrochemical Investigation of Ruthenium Complexes Utilizing Cyclic Voltammetry
SVSU
13 Kaitlyn Klay Analysis of Multi-Institutional Research Project on Water Chemistry CURE Experiences
CMU
14 Rebekah Adams Water Quality Chemistry in the Great Lakes Region: Crowd Scouring Classroom Research for Student and Community
CMU
15 Ashley Plank Removal of Mercury and Perchlorate from Water CMU
16 Nicodemus Monear The Effects of Lead on Early Embryonic Development Following the Flint Water Crisis
U of M-Flint
17 Dominik Servinsky Novel Compounds for Use in Non-Aqueous Batteries MSU
18 Yanick Wanzi Optimization of the Mechanical and Physical Properties of a Polymer Fuel Cell Membrane
CMU
19 Alex Ausmus Chemical Synthesis of Azido Inositol Analogues via Ferrier Rearrangement
CMU
20 Isabel Chaput High Potential Organic Materials for Battery Applications MSU
21 Hayley Lillo Synthesis and Electrochemistry of Rhodium Catalyst Analogues SVSU
22 Trenton Vogel Development of a Novel Organocatalyst SVSU
23 Mehdi Moemeni Synthesis and Stoke Shift Engineering of Near Infrared Dyes MSU
24 Suporna Paul Fabrication and Characterization of BaTiO3/Styrene-Butadiene Stretchable Thin Film Nanocomposites for Flexible Electronics
CMU
25 Prabodha Balapuwaduge
Soft-Solution Processing of Novel Dielectric Nanomaterials by a Sacrificial Template Method
CMU
26 Tyler Jablonski Photochemical Study of Riboflavin and Propargyl Groups: A Model System for Monoamine Oxidase Inhibition
CMU
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# Presenter Topic Affiliation
27 Alice Erman Exploring the Coordination Mode and Redox Properties of d8-Metal Hydroxamate Complexes
SVSU
28 Sarat Kuchibhatla Turbulence, anisotropy, and mixing in unbaffled and baffled stirred tanks using the Lattice Boltzmann Method and Large Eddy Simulation
Dow
29 Lyle McCarty Injection Molding High Throughput Capability in the Dow Chemical Company
Dow
30 Dawn Carsten Silicones for Fast Drying in Hair Care Dow
31 Edward Nyutu Catalytic Hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of Thiophene with Supported Metal Silicides
Dow
32 Roque Góchez In Situ Spectroscopy Monitoring For Silicone Reactions Dow
33 Hannah Wedge Silicones in Personal Care Dow
34 Daniel Ahrens Effectiveness of Several Interventions to Increase Higher Learning on Organic Chem.
CMU
35 Lauren McCullough Connect for H2OQ Dow
36 John Blizzard Higgins Lake Watershed Study Quadsil Inc
37 Midland Local ACS Section
50th ACS CERM 2019: MOLECULES TO MATERIALS ACS CERM
2019
38 Kyle Krauseneck 25+ Years of Exceptional and Significant Contributions of the Mid-Michigan Technician Group
Mid-Michigan Tech. Group
39 Wendell Dilling When will Procedure for Vote Counting in ACS Election of Directors-at-Large be Corrected?
CMU
40 Wendell Dilling History of the Midland Section ACS Fall Scientific Meeting, 1945-2018 – General Chairs and Meeting Themes
CMU
41 Dillon Vannest A FRET-Based Fluorogenic Trehalose Dimycolate Analogue for Probing Mycomembrane-Remodeling Enzymes of Mycobacteria
CMU
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2018 ACS FALL SCIENTIFIC MEETING
ABSTRACT BOOK
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Oral Session
The Chemistry of Planetary Birth
Dr. Ted Bergin, Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan
In this talk I will explore the astronomical methods that are used to explore the birth of planets. I will focus
particularly on the chemical composition of both gas giants and terrestrial worlds. Today with new
capabilities, such as the Atacama Large Millimeter Array located in the high desert in Chile, we are able to
peer in the birth sites of planetary systems with unprecedented sensitivity and resolution. A central facet in
exploring the composition of the gas in the natal disk is the question of the determination of chemical
abundances. In all I will discuss how we determine composition and what this tells us about the birth of
planets in our solar system and beyond.
Electroactivated Alkylation of Amines with Alcohols via Borrowing Hydrogen Methodology
Benjamin Appiagyei, Gabriela Keeney, Souful Bhatia, James ‘Ned’ Jackson*
Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, 48824
C-H activation has emerged as a powerful tool in synthesis of medicines, industrial materials and natural
products and has the potential to revolutionize organic chemical industries.1 In this work, H/D exchange
shows that C-H bonds adjacent to –OH or –NH2 groups can be electrochemically activated over catalytic
electrodes.1 Though useful in their own right, these deuteration studies also uncovered a mild,
electrocatalytic method for alkylating amines with alcohols. This reaction is essentially an electrochemical
version of the borrowing hydrogen methodology. Methanol, primary, secondary, and bulkier alcohols such
as cyclohexanol and benzyl alcohols all readily alkylate simple secondary amines such as pyrrolidine. Via
alkylation of ammonia, lab staples triethylamine and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (Hunig’s base) are easily
made from the corresponding alcohols. Many active chemicals, pharmaceuticals, herbicides, conducting
polymers and components of organic diodes contain alkylamines. For many years, compounds in this class
have been made via classical methods such as amide or nitrile reduction, reductive alkylation, and
electrophilic alkylation. These conventional methods have been improved over the years, but they suffer
from several disadvantages: (a) the use of alkyl halides or strong reducing agents which are less benign to
the environment, (b) the generation of wasteful salt byproducts and (c) lack of selectivity which leads to
the formation of quaternary ammonium ions. Electroactivated reductive alkylation of amines with alcohol
and water as solvent provides a new and a more benign approach for the synthesis of alkylamines.
Reference
1. Bhatia, S. et al. Stereoretentive H/D Exchange via an Electroactivated Heterogeneous Catalyst at sp3 C–
H Sites Bearing Amines or Alcohols. European J. Org. Chem. 2016, 4230–4235.
Making the Case of Silicones in Space
Christopher Windiate, Dow Chemical
Silicones including silicone elastomers have been in existence since the early 1940s, much of the early
work pioneered by leaders in silicone chemistry and technology such as Dow Corning®. While there are
a multitude of potential uses for silicones across several industries such as personal care, construction,
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electronics and automotive - one area that is seeing increased focus is in space exploration. Several
governmental and private entities are becoming increasingly active in space travel and exploration. Given
the unique physical and mechanical benefits provided by silicones, silicone elastomers have played a critical
role in sealing of components within the vehicle itself, as well as for structural protection of launch
apparatus, including pad, launch mount and flame diversion trenches. This paper will develop the
application of silicones that help enable space exploration.
Applications of 3-D Cell Culture in Biomedical Research
You-Shin Chen, PhD.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center,
Washington DC 20057
Traditional 2-D cell culture has been widely used as a model system in the development of new therapeutics,
providing controllable growth conditions, homogeneity of samples, and scalability. By also mimicking
spatial organization, chemical gradients, and mechanical forces in clusters of cells, 3-D cell culture offers
a more physiologically relevant tool to model disease progression. The need for more standardized and
high-throughput 3-D cell culture assays is therefore growing. In this study, we investigated different 3-D
cell culture assays to understand the conditions and limitations of the current technology. To model normal
tissue development, mouse small intestinal organoids were cultured and differentiated in the presence of
the extracellular matrix under the controlled environment. Within 2 weeks, the formation of cryps and villi
could be seen. Both stem and differentiated cells were found in the organoids using immunohistochemical
staining. Cancer cell behaviors were studied using 3-D proliferation and invasion assays. 3-D proliferation
and invasion assays required 2 weeks and were done in a 96-well plate. Quantification of invaded radius
was achieved through distance measurement using ImageJ®. The Ewing’s sarcoma cells, SK-ES1 were
found to be more invasive under hypoxia condition and polyploidy rendered the invasive phenotype. In
addition, angiogenesis-promoting and –inducing agents were successfully tested using the tube formation
assay in a 96-well plate. Tube formation was seen within 16 hours and total tube lengths were quantified
using existing Image J® Angiogenesis Micro. Different generic 3-D cell culture protocols are available yet
optimization is required for different cell types and applications.
Ultrafast Formation of H3+, The Most Important Ion in Interstellar Chemistry
Dr. Marcos Dantus, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University
The existence of organic molecules in the
Interstellar medium, the Central Molecular Zone
of the Milky Way, and the ionospheres of our
own planetary system’s gas giants, is due in great
part to the existence of H3+. Of chemical
importance is the fact that H3+ behaves as a
Brønsted–Lowry acid, donating protons to
carbon and oxygen atoms as well as to more
complex organic molecules. During these
reactive collisions a proton is transferred to the
new molecule and neutral H2, a Brønsted–Lowry
base, is formed. While much of this chemistry has been studied during the last few decades, little is known
about the fundamental mechanism and dynamics of these important chemical reactions. In order to study
these reactive collisions, we use ultrafast femtosecond lasers to break apart stable molecules that produce
CH3OH2+ CHOH2+ + H2 COH
+ + H3+
HCO+ + H3+
Roaming H2
Methanol
2.0×1014 W/cm2
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H3+. These studies allow us to explore the first half of the reactive collisions between H3+ and other species
with high temporal resolution. We have found that the formation of H3+ following strong-field
photodissociation of methanol is preceded by the formation of neutral H2 molecules that roam the parent
ion and extract a proton [Ekanayake, N. et al. Sci. Rep. 7, 4703 (2017)]. In that study, two reaction pathways
for the formation of H3+ under strong-field ionization starting from a doubly-charged methanol precursor
were elucidated experimentally and theoretically [Figure 1]. More recently, site-specific details and
femtosecond time-resolved dynamics of H3+ formation for a series of alcohols have been obtained through
a combination of time-resolved mass spectrometry, photoion-photoion coincidence measurements, and ab
initio calculations. Our findings provide mechanistic and dynamic information about intriguing chemical
processes that led to the creation of organic molecules in our universe.
Investigating the biological relevancy of domain swapped dimer of hCRBPII
Nona Ehyaei, Joelle Eaves, Kathryn Pawlowski, Lukus Sun, Babak Borhan, James Geiger
Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
Intracellular lipid binding proteins (iLBPs) are cytosolic proteins responsible for transport of different
insoluble hydrophobic molecules. Members of this family have relatively the same structures including ten
stranded beta barrel and two alpha helices located at the mouth of the internal binding cavity like a cap for
binding pocket of these proteins. Human cellular retinol binding protein II (CRBPII) is a member of the
iLBP family and is responsible for transport of retinal. Recently, we discovered a domain swapped dimer
for this protein in our group. Domain swapping is a process by which two or more monomers exchange an
identical part of their structures to form dimer or higher order oligomers. The swapped region in this protein
is three beta strands with two alpha helixes which is about half of the protein. We did many analyses to find
the reasons for domain swapping. Existence of domain swapping for hCRBPII may lead to allosteric
regulation, also huge effect on the folding pathway for this family of proteins. In order to check the
physiological relevance of domain swapping, we made studies on mammalian expression of hCRBPII. We
successfully expressed this protein in HeLa cells and got closer to find the size of this protein in mammalian
expression by using size exclusion chromatography and western blotting.
How to Successfully Integrate Fuels into the Transportation Sector – or Why I Like Ethanol
Dr. Margaret S. Wooldridge, Arthur F. Thurnau Professor, Departments of Mechanical and Aerospace
Engineering, Director of Dow Sustainability Fellows Program, University of Michigan
The barriers to changing the fuels of the transportation sector are diverse and significant. However,
transitioning to sustainable fuels offers many benefits if fuel properties are leveraged well. Bridging the
gap between fundamental studies and engineering applications is critical to maximizing the benefits and
minimizing challenges of renewable fuels. Experimental results which span from fundamental combustion
chemistry, to the convolution of chemistry, spray and mixing, to the impact of renewable and fossil fuel
blends in engine studies are presented. The key outcomes from each study are highlighted particularly in
the context of ethanol and how results are transferred to technology implementation.
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Hydrolytically Stable Sugar Siloxanes
Michael Ferritto, Dow Chemical
Sugar Siloxanes are a class of organofunctional siloxanes containing saccharide derived moieties. The sugar
derived hydroxyl groups can modify silicone properties by providing hydrogen bonding which can change
the physical form from liquids to waxes, impart temperature dependent behaviors, increase the
hydrophilicity and provide new reactive sites.
Emulsions made from sugar siloxanes based on aldonamide linking chemistry exhibited stability problems
after aging. New sugar siloxanes were synthesized using alternate linking chemistries and tested for
stability. A tertiary amine linkage was determined to be the most stable. Emulsions prepared from these
sugar siloxanes were essentially unchanged in both internal polymer phase and bulk emulsion properties.
It's initial and aged results in application testing outperformed the unstable incumbent in hair conditioning
and color retention results.
Atmospheric Chemistry and The Biosphere: Natural sources of volatile organic compounds and
their fate in the atmosphere
Dr. Allison Steiner, Department of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering and the Department of
Environmental Sciences, University of Michigan
The land surface represents 30% of the Earth’s surface, of which about 30% is covered by either broadleaf
or needleleaf forest. These plants emit large quantities of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOC)
that can have an important impact on tropospheric chemistry by contributing to the formation of ozone and
secondary organic aerosols (SOA). However, the potential for BVOC to influence ozone and SOA is
highly dependent on the level of nitrogen oxides (NOx). Observed NOx concentrations have been
decreasing over the past decade in the United States, and representing these chemical changes in forested
ecosystems has proven challenging. I will discuss our understanding of forest chemistry and its role in the
formation of important species such as ozone and aerosols and improvements in their representation in
regional and global models.
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Poster Session
1. Using human Cellular Retinol Binding Protein II as a template to create a new class of
allosterically regulated metalloprotein
Nikolas Kenaya, Alireza Ghanbarpour, Elizabeth Santos, Cody Pinger, Jin Xiangshu, ,Zahra Assar,
Babak Borhan*, James Geiger*
Allosterically regulated proteins are one of the most essential classes of protein in biology that their
functions span from sensing, signaling, cell differentiation and etc. Although many research studies already
conducted on the existing allosterically regulated proteins, there are few examples of bonafide allosterically
regulated proteins created from scratch. We were able to design a new protein conformational switch using
the domain-swapped dimer of Human Cellular Retinol Binding Protein II (hCRBPII) as a template, which
can undergo a significant conformational change upon ligand binding and demonstrates more flexibility for
protein engineering implementation. Using X-ray crystallography and mutational studies, the mechanism
of this allosterically regulated protein was elucidated. Additionally, a disulfide cross-link between two-
dimer domains expanded the number of conformational readouts for the system that can be altered by ligand
binding or reduction potential. Our system displayed the ability of the domain-swapped dimer of hCRBPII
in regards to allosteric applications, a trait that does not exist in the monomeric form of this protein.
2. Domain Swapping in Intracellular Lipid Binding Proteins
Carlos Ferran-Heredia, Joelle Eaves, Khatryn Pawlowski, Lukus Sun, Yiwei Zhao, Nona Ehyaei, Babak
Borhan, James Geiger; Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
Intracellular lipid binding proteins (iLBPs) carry out cytoplasmic transport of hydrophobic, insoluble
molecules. Past members of our research group have found that a certain a member of iLBP family, human
cellular retinol binding protein II (hCRBPII), exhibits domain swapping. This so-called domain swapping
results when two identical monomeric protein chains exchange parts of their structures to form a dimer,
also known as a higher-order oligomer. The discovery of domain swapping in hCRBPII led us to research
domain swapping in other types of iLBPs, such as human fatty acid binding proteins—more specifically in
holo Human fatty acid binding protein 5 (hFABP5). FABPs is responsible for endocannabinoid anandamide
(AEA) transport. AEA is a signaling lipid that activates cannabinoid receptors in the central nervous system
and peripheral tissues. Furthermore, data reported portrays the domain swapping of hFABP5 in bacterial
expression. We recently found the structure of domain swapped dimer for FABP5 binds to palmitic acid.
Our eventual aim is to predict domain swapping solely from amino acid sequences in iLBPs.
3. Development of Fluorescent Protein Tags with Minimal Fluorescent Background for Live-cell
Imaging
Rahele Esmatpour, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
The main goal of my project is to develop a fluorescent protein tag with minimal background. We have
previously engineered Human Cellular Retinol Binding (hCRBPII), a small cytosolic protein (~15kDa) that
belongs to the family of intracellular Lipid Binding Proteins (iLBPs) into a fluorescent protein tag upon
addition of an external small molecule.
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Previously in our lab we were able to activate fluorescence upon protein and ligand binding, so that temporal
control can be achieved, but then fluorescent proteins are constitutively on.
This Presentation will focus on a new small molecule that helps with the specificity (both specially and
temporally) of the method.
4. Synthesis of C-Glycosides Modeled After Type II Diabetes Treatments
Kristin Krol, Nicholas Graves, Dr. Jennifer Chaytor; Chemistry Department, Saginaw Valley State
University
Type II diabetes mellitus is a condition affecting an estimated 400 million people around the world. It is
caused by a lack of insulin or the inability to respond to insulin signals, causing increased levels of glucose
in the blood, or hyperglycemia. The complications of Type II diabetes are grave, with great increased risk
for conditions such as heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, and blindness to name a few. Although there are
many factors that contribute to Type II diabetes, diet and exercise are often prescribed along with
medications. This research focuses on the synthesis of molecules known as C-glycosides through two
different synthesis pathways. These molecules are modeled after existing drugs prescribed to treat type II
diabetes. Techniques such as column chromatography and preparative TLC are performed to purify the
products, and then the compounds are analyzed using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy to
confirm their identity. This poster will discuss two synthetic strategies towards these target molecules.
5. Modulation of Mitochondrial Respiration with TMPD and Cytochrome C
Kylee Voorhis, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
As of 2017, almost 10% of Americans were diagnosed with diabetes. Nearly 1 in 4 healthcare dollars are
spent on the treatment and management of the disease. Diabetes is closely associated with mitochondrial
dysfunction, although the detailed mechanism of the dysfunction or its role in diabetes is unclear. Current
techniques for analyzing mitochondrial activity rely on tracking the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) by
complex IV (CmpIV). While it is possible to assess catalytic states of other complexes by measuring OCRs,
deciphering the contribution of each complex to the overall respiration is difficult. Nevertheless, accurate
quantification of individual complexes is required in order to understand the role of mitochondria in
diabetes. This study focuses on measuring the activity of CmpIV in the electron transport chain (ETC) of
intact mitochondria by using mediated electrochemistry. The outer membrane (OM) of mitochondria acts
as a barrier preventing direct electron transfer to CmpIV in the IM for oxygen reduction. Mediators shuttle
electrons across the OM and reduce or oxidize ETC complexes. The mediators used in this study are
N,N,N’,N’-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine (TMPD), which can cross OM of intact mitochondria, and
cytochrome c, which cannot cross intact OM but can interact with CmpIV in mitoplasts. Modulation of
mitochondrial activity was observed in the presence of TMPD and increased modulation was observed in
the presence of both TMPD and cytochrome c. The mechanisms of mediated electron transfer and the roles
of each mediator will be discussed.
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6. Trehalose Analogues Block Utilization of Trehalose by Hypervirulent Clostridium Difficile
Alicyn I. Stothard, Belinda K. Wilson, Qing Qing Dong, Noah D. Danielson, James Collins, Peter J.
Woodruff, Robert A. Britton, and Benjamin M. Swarts*; Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant,
MI 48859, USA
Trehalose, a non-reducing disaccharide composed of two glucose units, is broadly used in various
pharmaceutical and biotech applications and it is being investigated as a therapeutic for multiple diseases.
However, its ability to be used as an energy source by microbes is problematic, as highlighted by the recent
finding that low levels of trehalose can be efficiently metabolized by and enhance the virulence of epidemic
strains of the intestinal pathogen Clostridium difficile. Here, we show that various trehalose analogues
designed to resist enzymatic degradation, specifically the 5-deoxy-5-thio-D-trehalose and the manno- and
lacto- epimers, are incapable of being used as carbon sources by C. difficile. Furthermore, these analogues
block utilization of native trehalose by hypervirulent C. difficile. Thus, trehalase-resistant trehalose
analogues are potentially valuable as surrogates for or co-additives with trehalose in applications where
enzymatic breakdown is a concern.
7. Synthesis and electrochemical properties of tri-functional pyridinium compounds.
Anthony Porath, Dr. Thomas Guarr*, Michigan State University Bioeconomy Institute, Holland, MI
Quaternary salts of tri-functional pyridinium compounds could offer small, multi-electron organic
components to be used in electrochemical processes. Not many organic molecules of this type are in
common use. Both tris-pyridine derivatives and the hydrogen substituted triazine derivative have been
successfully prepared. The phenyl substituted varieties are in progress using a pyrylium intermediate.
Future work will involve inserting a p-phenylene bridge between the pyridine and the central ring, and
working on hexa-functional pyridinium complexes.
8. An 19F magnetic resonance probe for activity-based sensing of hydrogen peroxide
Joseph Lange and Justin Massing; Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Michigan-
Flint, Flint, MI
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a well-known reactive oxygen species involved in a variety of biological
processes, such as immune response signaling. Despite its importance, elevated H2O2 concentrations have
been implicated in an array of pathologies, including Alzheimer’s and cancer. To better understand the role
of H2O2 in physiology and pathology, numerous probes have been reported, many of which are unsuitable
for in vivo imaging applications. Recently, reports have emerged regarding the noninvasive imaging of
H2O2 using hyperpolarized 13C magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and positron emission tomography
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(PET). While the former approach is limited due to rapid signal decay, PET prohibits longitudinal studies
owing to prolonged exposure to ionizing radiation. To address these issues, we report a modular 19F MR
platform for selective detection of H2O2. This agent was synthesized by coupling 4-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl
boronic acid pinacol ester with nonafluoro-tert-butyl alcohol via a Mitsunobu reaction. Subsequent reaction
with H2O2 converts the aryl boronic ester to a phenol, which initiates a rapid self-immolative cascade,
thereby releasing nonafluoro-tert-butyl alcohol; this transformation is evidenced by a concomitant upfield
shift in the 19F signal from -70 ppm to -75 ppm. By varying the Mitsunobu coupling partner, this strategy
may be applied toward sensing other biological events of interest.
9. 19F magnetic resonance probes for activity-based sensing of formaldehyde
Kyle Minder, Joseph Lange, Justin Powell and Justin Massing, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry,
University of Michigan-Flint, Flint, MI
Although a known environmental toxin, formaldehyde is produced endogenously during one-carbon
metabolism and epigenetic modifications. While intracellular formaldehyde concentrations may reach up
to 500 M, elevated levels have been linked with various disease states, including an array of cancers. To
better understand formaldehyde and its biological role, fluorescent probes have recently been reported
that exhibit a chemoselective response towards this species. Many of these agents, however, are
insufficient for quantifying formaldehyde and are restricted to in vitro imaging given the poor penetration
depth of near-infrared light. To address these issues, we report a first-generation 19F magnetic resonance
probe for selective formaldehyde detection. Masking 4-fluorobenzaldehyde with a 2-aza-Cope reactive
trigger affords the corresponding 19F magnetic resonance probe. Condensation between the homoallylic
amine trigger and formaldehyde is followed by a 2-aza-Cope rearrangement and subsequent hydrolysis,
thereby releasing 4-fluorobenzaldehyde; this transformation is evidenced by a concomitant downfield
shift in the 19F signal from -115 ppm to -103 ppm. While the aforementioned probe exhibits low cellular
toxicity, we have so far been unable to detect an 19F signal in treated MCF7 cell lysates. Recent progress
towards a more sensitive second-generation 19F magnetic resonance probe will therefore also be
discussed.
10. Determination of alcohol contents and analysis of flavor components in beers by using Gas
Chromatography (GC) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS)
Nana L Morehouse, Mohammad Khairul Islam, Suporna Paul, Nilave Chakraborty
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Central Michigan University, 1200 S. Franklin St., Mount
Pleasant, MI 48859, USA
Gas Chromatography (GC) and Gas Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) are
excellent tools for separation, detection and identification of components in a mixture of compounds. The
percentage of alcohol content (e.g. ethanol) is an important parameter for producer to meet regulatory
demands. Additionally, some naturally produced compounds in the fermentation process, for instance,
vicinal diketones (VDKs), a key flavor component resulting from fermentation produce a butter scotch
flavor in beer. The monitoring of VDK concentration is of great importance as it can keep the clean crisp
taste of the light beers. Additional volatile organic compounds (VOCs) those impart flavor and aroma as
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well as off-flavor to beer will be identified. Presented will be the analytical chemistry class project results
to date in the analysis of volatile components in beer.
11. High Performance Liquid Chromatography Analysis of Beer from Mountain Town Brewing
Company
Adesola Adeyemi, Abigail Detzler, Kaitlyn Klay, Yanick Wanzi; Central Michigan University
As the demand for craft beer continues to increase, there is need for brewers to better quantitate key
chemicals in the brewing process to maintain the quality of beer produced. As part of the analytical
chemistry course at Central Michigan University, and in partnership with Mountain Town Brewing Co.,
high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) is used to analyze beer samples for key compounds that
contribute to the flavor and shelf life, including alpha/beta and iso-alpha/beta acids, and common mono-
and disaccharides, key production chemicals. Hops, an ingredient in beer brewing, is the main cause of
beer bitterness due to the presence of alpha/beta and iso-alpha/beta acids. Glucose, fructose, sucrose, and
other mono/disaccharides are released by grains added in brewing and broken down by yeast during
fermentation. Those sugars still remaining after fermentation contribute to the sweetness of beer and to the
nutritional value of beer. Presented will be the results to date in the analysis of soluble flavor and sugar
components of beer and the beer during processing.
12. Electrochemical investigation of Ruthenium complexes utilizing cyclic voltammetry
Vincent Flores and Adam Warhausen, Chemistry Department, Saginaw Valley State University
The complexes benzylidene-bis(tricyclohexylphosphine)-dichlororuthenium, and [1,3-bis-(2,4,6
trimethylphenyl)-2-imidazolidinylidene]dichloro(phenylmethylene)(tricyclohexylphosphine)ruthenium
are well-known and extensively studied complexes. They are known for the wide range of reactions that
they can be involved in. An area of interest that lacks in current literature is the redox properties of these
complexes and their analogues. Our focus is to expand the knowledge of these complexes, more
specifically, with respect to their first oxidation potential. Our group set out to investigate the
electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical properties of these complexes as well as their analogues. The
redox properties of these complexes have been examined utilizing cyclic voltammetry (CV) techniques
using various solvents and electrolytes. The two different supporting electrolytes used in the CV
experiments are tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate and tetrabutylammonium tetrakis[3,5-
bis(perfluorohexyl)phenyl]borate. The extensive CV experimentation includes the utilization of screen
printed platinum and glassy carbon disk electrodes, as well as varying temperatures.
13. Analysis of Multi-Institutional Research Project on Water Chemistry CURE Experiences
Kaitlyn Klay, Janice Hall Tomasik, Dale J. LeCaptain, Kyle A. Cissell, Kim Good, Bernadette Harkness,
Tami Sivy, David Karpovich, Jay VanHouten, Anja Mueller; Central Michigan University
In recent years, course-based undergraduate research experiences (CUREs) have grown in popularity as an
effective way to increase the level of student learning in science lab classes. As a means to make these
experiences both engaging and successful, Central Michigan University (CMU), Saginaw Valley State
University, and Delta College have joined together to form a network of support and knowledge, with the
assistance of an NSF Grant. In August 2018, various faculty involved in the development of these courses,
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former students, DOW Chemical employees, and other interested individuals joined for a summit on Beaver
Island, MI at CMU’s Biological Station. During the summit, participants toured the island, performed
various water quality tests, and learned about the research being performed at the biological station and by
the Institute for Great Lakes Research. At the end of the summit, participants responded to open-answer
survey prompts about their experience during the summit, as well as their CURE experience (if applicable).
These responses were analyzed and reflected upon as a step towards closure of the associated NSF Grant.
Additionally, survey responses from one of the CURE-embedded courses were analyzed and compared as
an example of the work this grant has accomplished.
14. Water Quality Chemistry in the Great Lakes Region: Crowd Sourcing classroom research for
Students and Community
Rebekah Adams, Tomasik, LeCaptain, Curtis-Fisk; Central Michigan University
Proposed here is using ongoing environmental research to enhance elementary or secondary teacher
attitudes towards chemistry impacting effectiveness in the classroom. CMU is a premier university in Great
Lakes research and has nearly thirty faculty involved in the Institute for Great Lakes Research. Research
data from the field provides a real time, real application for classroom students. It enables visualizing a
scientist and allows them the chance to explore science in action, which they may not otherwise get the
freedom to explore. By creating a research-based project for these classrooms, teachers will be able to
engage their students in critical thinking skills related to the Great Lakes and potentially bridge the gap
between educators and researchers.
15. Removal of Mercury and Perchlorate from Water
Ashley Plank, Anja Mueller; Central Michigan University
Mercury is a major contaminant in the Great Lakes. A specialized ion exchange resin was developed to
remove a hydrophobic mercury compound. The most important and toxic mercury compound, methyl
mercury, is too toxic to work with in a normal, lab. Therefore, a mimic was used. Initial data for both are
showed in this presentation.
Perchlorate has been detected in water sources on military bases and other locations in the United States.
Perchlorate is very soluble and stable in water and leads to retardation in children, and thyroid disease in
adults. Therefore, it is important to create a polymer that is able to safely remove perchlorate from drinking
water. A polymer with perchlorate-specific binding sites has been prepared and initial retention data will
be reported.
16. The effects of lead on early embryonic development following the Flint Water Crisis
Nicodemus Monear and Besa Xhabija; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of
Michigan-Flint, Flint, MI
In recent years, Flint, MI has experienced severe lead contamination in the water supply. With the Flint
River as a newly acquired city water source, lead leached from water supply lines resulting in contamination
far greater than EPA & CDC defined action levels.
In this analysis, we have exposed embryonic stem cells (ESC) to lead, at concentrations relevant to those
experienced during the Flint water crisis. We have assessed the effect on (1) pluripotency for
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undifferentiated cells in self-renewal, (2) the formation of embryonic bodies following differentiation, and
(3) the relative expression of genetic markers associated with self-renewal & differentiation.
17. Novel Compounds for Use in Non-Aqueous Batteries
Dominik Servinsky, Henna Hauque and Adina Dumitrascu, Michigan State University, Midland
The commercialization of truly practical non-aqueous redox flow batteries (RFBs) requires the
development of compounds that are extremely stable in at least two oxidation states. Moreover, ideal RFB
catholyte materials should possess high oxidation potentials (>4 V vs. Li/Li+), while their anolyte
counterparts should possess relatively low reduction potentials. We report on a new promising type of
molecule which contains an electron donor group (D) linked directly by a covalent bond to an electron
acceptor group (A) meaning that the same molecule can work as both the catholyte and anolyte for the
redox reactions within the battery. Because of the unique particularity of such structure, the D-A molecules
have identical half-reaction products eliminating the need for a selective ion membrane which could
account for 30-40% of the cost of a traditional vanadium-based RFB. These molecules also have high
solubility in organic solvents used in ORFBs (e.g. propylene carbonate, PC), and are relatively inexpensive.
18. Optimization of the Mechanical and Physical Properties of a Polymer Fuel Cell Membrane
Wanzi Yanick Kegum, Anja Mueller, Central Michigan University
Polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) are the most promising candidates for electric vehicles and portable
electrical power sources because they have high energy densities and high conversion efficiency, and they
are environmentally benign. A crucial part of the PEFC is the proton exchange membrane. Currently,
transport of protons across the membrane is restricted to 80°C since transport requires water. In this project
we are developing a “dry” fuel cell membrane, where transport is based on of the movement on proton
transporting groups. For this membrane the mechanical and physical properties of the membrane material
has to be optimized.
The membranes consist of a mixture of fluorinated linear block-copolymers and branched polymers with
varying amounts of proton transporting groups. The synthesis and characterization of all polymers will be
reported. Mixtures with varying amounts of branched polymer will be prepared. A membrane preparation
protocol has been developed and initial membrane characterization data will be presented as well.
19. Chemical Synthesis of Azido Inositol Analogues via Ferrier Rearrangement
Alex P. Ausmus, Justin L. Snyder, Krestina M. Bednarz, Maxwell K.-P. Hogue, Sarah R. Rundell, and
Benjamin M. Swarts*; Central Michigan University
The unique cell wall found in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is an attractive target for the development
of improved tuberculosis drugs, diagnostics, and vaccines. Inositol containing glycolipids are found in
many lifeforms, usually acting as anchors to hold proteins or glycans to the plasma membrane. This is true
for Mtb as well, as the pathogen contains numerous unique inositol derivatives such as phosphatidylinositol
mannosides, lipomannan, and lipoarabinomannan. Making use of the Ferrier carbocyclization, this project
undertakes the synthesis of azide-modified myo-inositol analogues (InoAz) from easily obtainable azido
methyl glucosides. This synthetic approach is advantageous since it allows for the production of enantiopure
InoAz, which is an issue in previously reported InoAz syntheses. With the analogues in hand, the metabolic
incorporation efficiency into glycolipids in Mtb and other mycobacteria will be tested. The information
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gained from such studies will help the tuberculosis research community better understand the dynamics and
functions of inositol-based glycolipids in Mtb, which may provide insights for diagnostics, drug, and
vaccine development.
20. High Potential Organic Materials for Battery Applications
Isabel Chaput, Kathryn Altes, Jacob Berry, Adina Dumitrascu, Michigan State University, Midland
There is a large and rapidly growing need for electrical energy storage in modern society. Lithium ion
batteries (LIBs) are ubiquitous, powering everything from our cell phones to power tools to cars. However,
there are still some safety concerns, often related to the danger presented by LIB overcharge. Thus,
numerous research groups have explored the development of “redox shuttles” that allow charging current
to pass while limiting cell voltage to values at or just above that expected at a state of charge (SOC) =
100%. These additives are generally organic compounds that undergo reversible electrochemical oxidation
at potentials near the maximum design value. However, many of the compounds studied to date are either
too expensive or not sufficiently durable for commercial applications.
At the same time, redox-active organic materials are being investigated in order to develop non-aqueous
redox flow batteries (RFBs) for inexpensive grid-level electrical energy storage systems. Indeed, because
such materials must exhibit reversible oxidation at high potential, many candidates for redox shuttles have
also been employed as catholytes in RFB applications. Also, they display highly reversible electrochemical
oxidation and very good solubility in carbonate solvents, making them particularly attractive for flow
battery applications.
In this poster, we describe ongoing efforts to develop heterocyclic systems with high oxidation potentials
and very stable radical cation states for both redox shuttle and RFB applications. One part of our strategy
includes “tuning” oxidation potentials by using steric factors and considering the changes in molecular
geometry that occur upon oxidation. We also describe the synthesis and characterization of several novel
phenothiazine-5,5-dioxide derivatives that exhibit reversible electrochemical oxidation at potentials above
4.2 V vs. Li/Li+.
21. Synthesis and Electrochemistry of Rhodium Catalyst Analogues
Hayley Lillo, McKenzie Moe, Adam Warhausen; the Dow Chemical Company
The compound tris-(triphenylphosphine) rhodium (I) chloride is a very well-known and studied compound;
it was first described in 1967. This catalyst can be utilized to efficiently hydrogenate unsaturated
compounds. Although the parent compound is well studied, little research has been compiled regarding the
electrochemical properties of this compound and its analogues. The primary goal of this project is to
synthesize a variety of analogues by altering the substituents at the para and ortho positions of the phenyl
rings. This is done in order to tune the electronics and vary the redox potentials of the compounds. This
was achieved by using two different synthesis preparations. Both preparations of the analogues are practiced
utilizing Schlenk-line (air- and moisture-free) techniques. After the synthesis of a new compound, they are
checked for purity and extent of reaction completion using infrared (IR) spectroscopy, melting point, thin
layer chromatography (TLC), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). When it was certain that the
intended compound has been synthesized, the electrochemical technique of cyclic voltammetry (CV) is
used to find the substance’s oxidation and reduction potentials.
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22. Development of a Novel Organocatalyst
Trenton Vogel, Chemistry Department, Saginaw Valley State University
In recent years, there has been an emphasis on the use of organocatalysts in the synthesis of chiral
molecules. Investigating the use of organocatalysts in asymmetric organic synthesis is important due to
their low toxicity and low cost since the commonly used metal complexes may be costly and difficult to
remove. Reactions like the Hajos-Parrish reaction have shown organocatalysts capacity to catalyze an
asymmetric reaction with its use of proline as a catalyst. David MacMillan has conducted research based
on this idea and developed a novel class of imidazolidinone-based compounds with structures similar to
that of proline that catalyzed reactions through enamine formation. This goal of this project is to develop a
novel, proline-like organocatalysts with improved reactivity and enantioselectivity in Hajos-Parish and
other reactions. This novel organocatalyst is characterized by its hydrazide functional group contained
inside of a double ring structure which acts as the main site for the catalyzation through the formation of
an enamine.
23. Synthesis and Stoke Shift Engineering of Near Infrared Dyes
Mehdi Moemeni, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University
Our growing energy needs have pushed us to develop new renewable and low cost energy sources. The
accessibility and potential of solar energy has made it a desirable field of renewable energy research. The
majority of the research in this field has focused on conventional photovoltaics. Although, use of
conventional photovoltaics on rooftops and in solar farms have grown rapidly, adoption of this technology
has met with difficulties. Since buildings cover most part of the cities and windows have covered large
surface of buildings, transparent luminescent solar concentrators (LSC) that would be installed on
building’s window could be a solution.
In this project, we are synthesizing molecular luminophores to absorb near-infrared (NIR) light and emit
with high efficiency in deeper NIR. So, impregnation of these dyes in windows would not impede visible
light transmission and would yield a highly transparent window. The synthesis of such molecules and their
photochemical properties will be discussed.
24. Fabrication and Characterization of BaTiO3/Styrene‐Butadiene Stretchable Thin Film Nanocomposites for Flexible Electronics.
Suporna Paul, Benard Kavey, Gabriel Caruntu; Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI,
United States
The development of stretchable, bendable inorganic/polymer nanocomposite dielectric thin films has been
of significant technological interest in flexible electronics because of their relatively low fabrication costs,
high power energy density and fast charge-discharge ability. Polymer ceramic nanocomposites exhibit
performance characteristics superior to those of the parent materials as they harness the mechanical
properties (flexibility, bendability, etc.) of the polymer and the dielectric properties (high dielectric
constant) of the ceramic, respectively. However, the rational design of flexible high-k dielectric
nanocomposites with high filler loading is still challenging as the increase of the ceramic content
deteriorates the mechanical properties of the material, despite the increase of the dielectric constant of the
nanocomposites. In this project, we investigated the fabrication of flexible modern electronics by dispersing
monodisperse, surface functionalized BaTiO3 (BTO) colloidal nanocrystals with various sizes (10-15 nm)
into a styrene‐butadiene‐styrene matrix followed by casting the mixtures onto various substrates, both rigid and flexible. The resulting polymer-ceramic nanocomposite films contain up to 50% (wt.) ceramic fillers
and possess high energy density values along with excellent mechanical properties. Various experimental
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techniques, including electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), X-
ray diffraction (XRD), spectroscopy (FTIR and Raman), microscopy (scanning electron, transmission
electron and atomic force microscopy) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to investigate the
structural, morphological and physical properties of the polymer-ceramic nanocomposite films. The
experimental results show that these nanocomposites exhibit superior properties which make them
attractive for implementation in high-performance capacitive electrical energy storage devices and
nanoelectronics
25. Soft-Solution Processing of Novel Dielectric Nanomaterials by a Sacrificial Template Method
Prabodha Balapuwadugea, Swati Naikb, Liang Hongc, Robert Kliec and Gabriel Caruntua,b a Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI. USA b Science of Advanced Materials (SAM), Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA c Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
SrTiO3 has a well-known perovskite crystalline structure and exhibits excellent dielectric, electro-optic and
catalytic properties being the leading candidate in many cutting-edge technological applications. We report
here on the rational synthesis of SrTiO3 nanostructures by using TiO2 colloidal nanocrystals as sacrificial
templates under different reaction conditions, with the goal of achieving control over the morphology (size,
shape), internal structure and surface composition of the resulting nanoparticles. Both the synthesis of TiO2
nanocrystals and their subsequent conversion into SrTiO3 were performed using a hydrothermal method.
These nanostructures were characterized via powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron
microscopy (TEM), vibrational spectroscopy (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Raman
spectroscopy) and optical absorption measurements. Various reaction parameters have been finely tuned in
order to optimize the reaction conditions. A detailed characterization of the dielectric properties of these
nanopowders was carried, revealing that dielectric permittivity has a value around 24 at room temperature
with a low loss, which make these nanomaterials desirable for applications in energy storage and as
dielectrics.
26. Photochemical Study of Riboflavin and Propargyl Groups: A Model System for Monoamine
Oxidase Inhibition
Tyler Jablonski*, Anton Jensen, Wendell Dilling, Dillip Mohanty; Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, Central Michigan University
When exposed to light, flavin rings react with propargyl groups. Previous studies have reacted lumiflavin
with propargyl amines and analyzed the products by UV. The goal of this research is to react riboflavin
with propargyl groups photochemically and analyze those products with UV, NMR, and mass spectrometry
(MS) to get more detailed structural information. Preliminary photochemical results with methyl propargyl
ether (MPE) show disappearance of the flavin ring. However, the photo-products with MPE and dimethyl
propargyl amine still need to be purified and characterized by UV, NMR, and MS. Progress towards this
goal will be reported
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27. Exploring the Coordination Mode and Redox Properties of d8-Metal Hydroxamate Complexes
Alice Erman, Dustin Pumford, Adam Warhausen; Chemistry Department, Saginaw Valley State
University
In the field of chemistry, the interactions between biologically available materials and nitric oxide (NO) are
thoroughly studied and researched. Although, much more can be learned from molecules that have the
ability to generate nitric oxide within a biological system. The goal of this project is to study the interactions
between molecules that donate nitric oxide and iron-containing synthetic models of the heme unit.
Hydroxamic acids are used as NO contributing compounds. Additionally, benzoyl hydrazine complexes are
substituted as synthetic porphyrins. The focus of this research is understanding the redox behavior of the
interactions between these compounds through the use of electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical
techniques.
It is important to understand the interactions between organic nitric oxide donating molecules and heme-
containing biomolecules due to their abundance in biological structures. This project could potentially
provide insight to unknown side effects of hydroxamic acid containing medications.
28. Turbulence, Anisotropy, and Mixing in Unbaffled and Baffled Stirred Tanks Using the Lattice
Boltzmann Method and Large Eddy Simulation
Sarat Chandra Kuchibhatla, The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan, USA, 48674
A computational study of the anisotropy, turbulence and mixing in a lab-scale stirred tank equipped with a
standard Rushton turbine is reported. Validation of the code was performed by comparing with Laser
Doppler Anemometry data of Wu and Patterson. Using a Lattice Boltzmann Method and Large Eddy
Simulation, the predicted turbulent flow in baffled and unbaffled tanks is compared. The qualitative flow
differences between them are reported by means of the flow visualization of the vortices, and the eddy
sizes. In the unbaffled case, a high shear rate at the bottom of the tank was observed, which has not been
previously reported in literature. Shaft power consumption was found to increase, while the blend time was
found to decrease upon baffling. The flow close to the impeller tip is shown to be highly intermittent, even
for the unbaffled case, due to the presence of large-scale impeller tip vortices in either configuration. Effect
of the number of computational lattice points on the ratio of the resolved to the total Energy Dissipation
Rate (EDR) shows that about 80% of the EDR is resolved using a practical number of lattice points such
that the mixing in the lab-scale tank could be simulated in a few days. At such a resolution, the predicted
power number was observed to be insensitive to the selection of the Smagorinsky coefficient. The use of
LBM with LES and high resolution is shown to be practically quick, useful for capturing the relevant flow
features, and quantitatively accurate mixing characteristics.
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29. Injection Molding High Throughput Capability in the Dow Chemical Company
Lyle McCarty (Dow Chemical) and Shiva Sreeram (Student, Dow Chemical Intern)
Dow Chemical is investing in new automation technologies to more quickly bring to market materials made
from Dow’s portfolio of plastics resins designed for injection molding. One of those technologies is a
highly automated high throughput laboratory designed to injection mold and test the properties of injection
molded parts. The time required to mold and test hundreds of resin blends and injection molding conditions
required for a design of experiments to formulate a specific resin blend for a customer product will be
reduced from many months to only a few days. The poster presented will describe anticipated capabilities
of the new lab, innovative automated testing instrumentation, and highlight how mobile robotics and
machine vision will be utilized in the processing of the plastic parts.
30. Silicones for Fast Drying in Hair Care
Dawn Carsten, Beth Johnson, Eve Suthiwangcharoen; The Dow Chemical Company, Consumer
Solutions; Home & Personal Care
In today’s fast-paced, hectic world, consumers are increasingly demanding hair care products with high-
efficiency and convenience benefits that will help them look good, feel good and save time. While silicones
are well-known for beautifying hair, they also can help speed drying on many hair types – from healthy
hair to colored, bleached or damaged hair. Suitable for use in both rinse-off and leave-in conditioners,
silicones from Dow can help you speed removal of bulk water during dripping or blotting, air-drying, or
blow drying.
31. Catalytic Hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of Thiophene with Supported Metal Silicides
Edward K. Nyutu, Garrett Rockwell, Robert Larsen, the Dow Chemical Company
Catalytic hydrodesulfurization (HDS) is critical step in the industrial processing of crude oil into useful
hydrocarbon products. Petroleum feedstocks have many sulfur-containing compounds, which must be
removed before use because of the environmental regulations which have become more stringent in recent
years.
The development of highly active and sulfur-tolerant catalysts for hydrodesulfurization (HDS) is of great
significance in petroleum refining. Here, we explored the initial processing, characterization, and catalytic
activity screening for hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of thiophene by bulk metal silicides and supported
silicidated mono-/multi-metallic intermetallic catalyst compositions. Most of the bulk silicides were
obtained from commercial vendors, while supported silicidated catalyst compositions were processed in-
house via the incipient wetness impregnation method and silicidation in a chemical vapor infiltration
reactor. Catalytic activity for thiophene HDS was screened using a flow-reactor and benchmarked with a
commercial formulation (14Mo-3.5Co/γ-Al2O3) and, where applicable, with corresponding calcined oxide-
based compositions.
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32. In Situ Spectroscopy Monitoring of Silicone Reactions
Roque Góchez, the Dow Chemical Company
In situ chemical reaction monitoring provides several advantages over sampling and benchtop analysis.
Concentrations of various chemical species can be easily monitored in real time, helping to generate kinetic
data and determine reaction pathways. In situ spectroscopy is especially useful for monitoring reactions in
which sampling is not feasible because of severe reaction conditions.
In situ monitoring has only recently been reported in the academic literature, with the first
silane/polysiloxane studies published in the early 2000s. Application of in situ spectroscopy to monitor
hydrosilylation reactions was first documented at the beginning of this decade. In those studies, in situ
spectroscopy methods (primarily infrared spectroscopy) were applied to determine reaction times
accurately and efficiently, yielding valuable kinetic data in systems that would otherwise have to be tracked
by indirect methods.
Dow R&D has applied in situ spectroscopy monitoring techniques to develop both mechanistic and kinetic
understanding of several organic and inorganic chemical reactions. In this presentation, we show several
silicone chemistry examples that demonstrate the benefits of utilizing these advanced analytical tools.
33. Silicones in Personal Care
Hannah Wedge, Dawn Carsten, Becky Beeson, Beth Johnson, Eve Suthiwangcharoen, and Brett
Zimmerman; The Dow Chemical Company
True beauty comes from the inside. With innovative ingredients from Dow, our solutions are designed to
provide value and make an impact on the marketplace by capitalizing on up-and-coming trends. Consumers
can discover their own true beauty, inside and out. Today’s consumers are looking for skin and hair care
products that do more. Dow offers innovative ingredients for multifunctional skin care products that protect,
moisturize and smooth, creating an enjoyable and transformative sensorial experience that drives brand
loyalty. In addition, Dow’s innovative ingredients for hair care help creating cutting-edge style and sensory
experiences that also restore and protect.
34. Effectiveness of several interventions to increase higher learning on Organic Chemistry
Danial Ahrens, Anja Mueller, Central Michigan University
Organic Chemistry is widely regarded as one of the most challenging courses in college, and the difficulty
of it has been turned into things of legend for undergraduate students. By inverting the class structure of
Organic Chemistry, in which the students learn on their own and apply the knowledge in class, Dr. Anja
Mueller of Central Michigan University is hoping to create a course that stimulates the retention of Organic
Chemistry knowledge at higher levels than previously observed. Data collected from students who have
taken this Active Learning Organic Chemistry course will be analyzed and quantified using the statistics
software SPSS. The expectant results are that we will be able to show using statistics that students are
benefitting in long term retention and application of Organic Chemistry concepts. Initial data will be
discussed in this presentation.
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35. Connect for H2OQ
McCullough, Lauren, the Dow Chemical Company
Connect for H2OQ is a unique volunteer opportunity for community science professionals, students, and
anyone who is interested in STEM outreach! Volunteers will pair up with middle school student groups to
take the innovative H2OQ curriculum out of the classroom and into the community. H2OQ will teach middle
school students about the importance of natural water sources, data analysis, and the scientific method via
fun and interactive game-like experiences. Stop by the poster to learn how to get involved!
36. Higgins Lake Watershed Study
John Blizzard, Chuck Schepke, 28 High School Students; Quadsil Inc, Midland
This program utilizes high school chemistry and physics students to sample, test and evaluate the Higgins
Lake Watershed and tributaries in Michigan. Students would sample water from a number of sites within
the land watershed and test for inorganics, bacteria and physical characteristics of the test site. Sampling
has increased to 12 different sites within the watershed and has been performed each month during 2018.
The first year of testing at each site is to obtain a base line of each test site for continued testing over the
next five years. Each site database has been combined together to provide a complete, systematic picture
of the quality of water in this important water shed over an extended period of time. Water analysis included
a variety of EPA certified chemical analysis techniques.
The water testing is performed and compared with EPA certified standards to ensure accurate, reliable test
results. Using EPA standards reinforces the importance of using standards to compare testing technique,
procedures and analyst ensuring quality data collection. This reinforces and connects the academic realm
to real world job potentials. This is also part of a job-shadowing program within the watershed program to
expose the students to potential employment opportunities available to qualified trained individuals.
37. 50th ACS CERM 2019: MOLECULES TO MATERIALS
Midland Local ACS Section
The 2019 ACS Central Region Meeting (CERM) will be the 50th CERM and mark the 100th anniversary of
the founding of the Midland, MI ACS section. This unique event will be held in the home town of The
Dow Chemical Company, providing a unique environment for students and researchers from industry,
academia, and government sectors to interact and exchange ideas. The Meeting, themed MOLECULES
TO MATERIALS, will feature several internationally-recognized plenary speakers as the nucleus of a
world-class technical program: Craig Hawker (UCSB), Melanie Sanford (U. of Michigan), Tobin Marks
(Northwestern), and A. N. Sreeram (The Dow Chemical Company). To enhance the broader impact of this
meeting, it will also offer a strong STEM education program for K-12 students and teachers as well as
public-interest events around the theme of “Chemistry in Everyday Life” to engage the surrounding
community. As organizers, we plan a memorable and impactful regional meeting, while offering the
accessibility, convenience and an intimate, collaborative atmosphere that are hallmarks of best mid-sized
ACS events.
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38. 25+ Years of Exceptional and Significant Contributions of the Mid-Michigan Technician Group
Valentina Woodcraft, the Dow Chemical Company
Abstract: For the past twenty five plus years, the Mid-Michigan Technician Group has been focused on
promoting personal and career related growth throughout the Technician community. Current and past
members have participated in numerous public outreach events such as Kids and Chemistry, ACS Science
Coach Program, SciFest, ACS Day at the Fair, and many others. This poster presentation will cover various
activities MMTG has sponsored or volunteered time to in both the science community and those interested
in working in a science related field. Also included are various awards MMTG has received from their
contribution to the community and the promotion of technicians.
39. When Will Procedure for Vote Counting in ACS Election of Directors-at-Large Be Corrected?
Wendell L. Dilling, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Central Michigan University, Mt.
Pleasant, Michigan
The results of the 2016 and 2017 preferential elections for two Directors-at-Large each (C&EN, Nov. 7,
2016, p 7; Nov. 6, 2017, p 5) demonstrate that the vote counting procedure needs to be changed. The
pertinent part of the General Procedure 2.b. states that if no candidate receives a majority of first-preference
votes cast, the candidate with the fewest first-preference votes is eliminated from further consideration. In
the 2017 election, the effect of this procedure was to eliminate Fivizzani and Lawlor before the vote
counting for the second candidate to be elected was started and the second-preference votes on the ballots
where Jones was the first-preference were distributed only to Sawrey or not at all. Those voters who voted
for Jones as their first-preference and either Fivizzani or Lawlor as their second-preference didn’t have their
second-preference votes counted. These votes should have been distributed to all three of the remaining
candidates. An analogous result occurred in the 2016 election. If the candidates that were “eliminated from
further consideration” above were only “eliminated in this stage of the vote counting” the results could have
been different. The National ACS Committee on Nominations and Elections has thus far not made efforts
to change the current procedure even though urged to do so.
Results of the 2017 Director-at-Large election as reported by C&EN
Round 1 Round 2 Round 3
Wayne E. Jones, Jr. 146 159 187
Barbara A. Sawrey 101 120 159
Bonnie (Helen A.) Lawlor 68 81
Kenneth P. Fivizzani 50
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40. History of the Midland Section ACS Fall Scientific Meeting, 1945-2018 – General Chairs and
Meeting Themes Wendell L. Dilling, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Central Michigan University, Mt.
Pleasant, Michigan
The 2018 Fall Scientific Meeting (FSM) is the 74th meeting of the series that started in 1945. These
meetings have had a varied and interesting history. Early scientific meetings were organized by scientists
at The Dow Chemical Company and Dow Corning Corporation and were attended chiefly by employees of
those companies. More recent ACS FSM’s have been organized and attended by college faculty, high
school teachers, students, scientists, and other people from a variety of organizations such as Central
Michigan University, Saginaw Valley State University, Alma College, Delta College, and Michigan
Molecular Institute in addition to Dow and Dow Corning. Meetings in the past 30 to 40 years have attracted
scientists and students from outside the Midland Section area such as Michigan State University, the
University of Michigan, and Michigan Technological University. These meetings have been held annually
except during 1974 when the meeting was cancelled because of a labor strike at Dow. An extra meeting
was held in 1962. Thus, the 74th meeting is being held in the 74th year. The numbering system for the
meetings was first used in 1952 with the 8th meeting. The first five meetings (1945-1949) in what became
the current numbered series were closed Dow/Dow Corning Scientific Meetings and were not open to ACS
members in general. This poster lists all the general chairs, starting with K. D. Gordon Clack in 1945 up
to Jennifer Larimer and Eve Suthiwangcharoen in 2018. Also listed are the themes of all the meetings,
starting with “Air and Water Pollution Control” in 1967 up to “Chemistry Is Out of This World” in 2018.
Other aspects of the FSM’s, keynote speakers and topics and attendance figures, will be highlighted in the
75th anniversary meeting in 2019, the 100-year anniversary of the Midland Section.
41. A FRET-Based Fluorogenic Trehalose Dimycolate Analogue for Probing Mycomembrane-
Remodeling Enzymes of Mycobacteria
B. Dillon Vannest, Nathan J. Holmes, Nicholas Banahene, Claudia N. Ramsey, Herbert W. Kavunja,
Donald R. Ronning, and Benjamin M. Swarts; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Central
Michigan University, 1200 S. Franklin St., Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA
Here we describe a fluorescence-quenched analogue of the mycobacterial glycolipid trehalose dimycolate
(TDM), which is a major component of the mycobacterial outer membrane (“mycomembrane”). The
fluorogenic probe, called FRET-TDM, is activated by the mycomembrane-remodeling enzyme trehalose
dimycolate hydrolase (TDMH) and other mycobacterial enzymes. It should be valuable for studying
TDMH, mycomembrane remodeling processes, and may be a useful approach to developing mycobacteria-
specific detection reagents, which are needed to improve tuberculosis diagnosis.
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The 2018 ACS-FSM Committee Team
Chair: Jennifer Larimer, The Dow Chemical Company
Co-Chair: Eve N. Suthiwangcharoen, The Dow Chemical Company
Oral Presentation Chair: Elizabeth Santos, The Dow Chemical Company
Poster Presentation Chair: Luqing Qi, The Dow Chemical Company
Registration Chair Noel Chang, The Dow Chemical Company
Registration Chair Manaswee Malugari, The Dow Chemical Company
Webmaster: Greg Cushing
The event is sponsored by Midland ACS and SVSU-Chemistry Club.