2018 legal studies written examination · 2018 legal studies exam 6 section a – question 5 –...

LEGAL STUDIESWritten examination

Wednesday 14 November 2018 Reading time: 2.00 pm to 2.15 pm (15 minutes) Writing time: 2.15 pm to 4.15 pm (2 hours)

QUESTION AND ANSWER BOOK

Structure of bookSection Number of

questionsNumber of questions

to be answeredNumber of

marks

A 7 7 40B 3 3 40

Total 80

• Studentsarepermittedtobringintotheexaminationroom:pens,pencils,highlighters,erasers,sharpenersandrulers.

• StudentsareNOTpermittedtobringintotheexaminationroom:blanksheetsofpaperand/orcorrectionfluid/tape.

• Nocalculatorisallowedinthisexamination.

Materials supplied• Questionandanswerbookof24pages• Additionalspaceisavailableattheendofthebookifyouneedextrapapertocompleteananswer.

Instructions• Writeyourstudent numberinthespaceprovidedaboveonthispage.• AllwrittenresponsesmustbeinEnglish.

Students are NOT permitted to bring mobile phones and/or any other unauthorised electronic devices into the examination room.

©VICTORIANCURRICULUMANDASSESSMENTAUTHORITY2018

SUPERVISOR TO ATTACH PROCESSING LABEL HEREVictorian Certificate of Education 2018

STUDENT NUMBER

Letter

SECTION A – continued

2018LEGALSTUDIESEXAM 2

Question 1 (2marks)Outlineoneresponsibilityofajuryinacriminaltrial.

SECTION A

Instructions for Section AAnswerallquestionsinthespacesprovided.

SECTION A – continuedTURN OVER

3 2018LEGALSTUDIESEXAM

Question 2 (3marks)Kaiisinadisputewithhislandlord.ThelandlordrefusestorepairthepipesinthebathroomandhasdeclinedKai’srequeststomeettoresolvethematter.KaihasbeenadvisedthatConsumerAffairsVictoria(CAV)isthemostappropriatebodytoresolvethisdispute.

ExplainonereasonwhyCAVmaynotbethemostappropriatebodytoresolvethisdispute.

SECTION A – continued


Question 3 (3marks)Describetherelationshipbetweeninternationaltreatiesandtheexternalaffairspower.



Question 4 (6marks)a. IdentifytworightsofvictimsintheVictoriancriminaljusticesystem. 2marks

b. Explainhowtherightsidentifiedinpart a.aimtoupholdtheprincipleofaccess. 4marks


SECTION A – Question 5–continued

Question 5 (8marks)Kylieisaprofessionalsportsperson.ShehascommencedacivilproceedingintheSupremeCourtofVictoriaagainstherformeragentforbreachofcontract.Herformeragenthasengagedlegalpractitionerstodefendtheclaim.

a. WhohastheburdenofproofinKylie’scaseandwhatisthestandardofproofinthiscase? 2marks

b. DescribeoneresponsibilityofthelegalpractitionersforKylie’sformeragentattrialifKylie’scasegoestotrial. 3marks



c. Explainonewayinwhichthejudge’suseofcasemanagementpowersinthisdisputecouldachievetheprincipleoffairness. 3marks



Question 6 (8marks)EvaluatetwowaysinwhichtheAustralianConstitutionenablestheAustralianpeopletoactasacheckonparliamentinlaw-making.



Question 7 (10marks) ‘Thebestwayforindividualstoinfluencelaw-makerstoreformtheVictorianciviljusticesystemistoappealcases.’

Discusstheextenttowhichyouagreewiththisstatement.Inyouranswer,explainhowonerecommendedreformtotheciviljusticesystemmayassistinachievingjustice.


END OF SECTION ATURN OVER


SECTION B – Question 1–continued

Question 1 (17marks)Bob,24,hasbeenchargedwithfouroffences,includingarmedrobberyandcommonassault.Theprosecutionallegesthat:• Bobrobbedaservicestationwithafirearm• theoffencescauseddistresstoseveralvictims,includingayoungfamilyandAda,whowas

workingintheservicestation• Bobwasservingacommunitycorrectionorder(CCO)atthetimeoftheoffences.

Bobhasbeencooperativewiththepolicesincehisarrest.Bobcannotaffordlegalrepresentationandisconcernedaboutbeingsenttoprisonashehasservedtimeinjailfornumerousoffences,includingtheft.Acommittalhearingwasheldlastweek.ThemagistratedecidedthattheevidenceagainstBobwasofsufficientweighttosupportaconvictionfortheoffences.ThecourtorderedthatBobstandtrial.Thetrialisexpectedtolastthreeweeks.Adaisconcernedaboutgivingevidenceassheisstilldistressedaboutthearmedrobbery.Bobhaspleadednotguilty.

a. AdawantstosueBobfordamages.

AdviseAdaononeenforcementissuesheshouldconsiderbeforeinitiatingthisclaim. 2marks

SECTION B

Instructions for Section BUsestimulusmaterial,whereprovided,toanswerthequestionsinthissection.Itisnotintendedthatthismaterialwillprovideyouwithalltheinformationtofullyanswerthequestions.Answerallquestionsinthespacesprovided.


SECTION B – Question 1–continuedTURN OVER

b. Distinguishbetweenmitigatingfactorsandaggravatingfactorstobeconsideredinsentencing,andprovideanexampleofeachinBob’scase. 4marks



c. Discusstheappropriatenessofapleanegotiationinthiscase. 5marks


SECTION B – continuedTURN OVER

d. DiscusstheabilityofimprisonmenttobothdeterBobandprotectthecommunityifBobisfoundguiltyandsentencedtoaterminprison. 6marks



Question 2 (13marks)Tanningunits,alsoknownas‘solariums’or‘tanningbeds’,aremachinesusedtoartificiallytanskinthroughtheuseofultravioletradiation.In2007,theAustralianBroadcastingCorporation(ABC)broadcastaprogramtitledThe Dangers of a Deadly Tan.TheprogramconsideredtheincreaseintheuseoftanningunitsinVictoria,andthepossibleconnectionbetweentanningunitsandmelanoma,aformofcancer.AmendmentsweremadetotheRadiation Act 2005(Vic),whichcameintoeffecton1January2015.Itthenbecameanoffenceforapersontooperateabusinessallowingtheuseofatanningunit.Itremainslegaltoownasolariumforpersonaluseonly.

Source 1Thefollowingisanextractfromsection3,‘Definitions’,oftheRadiation Act 2005(Vic).

tanning unitmeansanelectricallypoweredradiationapparatusdesignedtoproducetanningofthehumanskinbyutilisingultravioletradiation

Source:VictorianLegislationandParliamentaryDocuments,<www.legislation.vic.gov.au>

Source 2ThefollowingisanextractfromtheRadiation Act 2005(Vic),whichwasinsertedwhentheActwasamended.

23D Offence to conduct a commercial tanning practiceApersonmustnot— (a) provide,oroffertoprovide,forfeeorrewardtheuseofatanningunit;or (b) operateoroffertooperateforfeeorrewardatanningunit.Penalty: Inthecaseofanaturalperson,60penaltyunits; Inthecaseofabodycorporate,300penaltyunits.

Source:VictorianLegislationandParliamentaryDocuments,<www.legislation.vic.gov.au>

Source 3

‘It’s criminal, it should be stopped’: Melanoma survivor issues warning on illegal solariumsUndergroundsolariumsarebeingadvertisedonlineacrossAustralia,morethantwoyearsafterthecommercialuseoftanningbedswasbannednationally.Whileitislegaltoownasolariumforpersonaluse,since[2015]ithasbeenillegalfortanningbedstobeusedanywherethatchargesafee.

Source:ALattouf,‘“It’scriminal,itshouldbestopped”:Melanomasurvivorissueswarningonillegalsolariums’, ABCnews,<www.abc.net.au>,6March2018


SECTION B – Question 2–continuedTURN OVER

a. Outlineoneroleofthemediainchangingthelaw. 2marks

b. Describeonereasonwhyacourtmayneedtointerpretthephrase‘tanningunit’in section23DoftheRadiation Act 2005(Vic). 3marks



c. Explainthelinkbetweentheuseoftanningunitsandtheneedforlawreform. 4marks


SECTION B – continuedTURN OVER

d. IftheCommonwealthParliamentweretopasslegislationallowingthecommercialuseoftanningunits,howmightsection109oftheAustralianConstitutionberelevant? 4marks



Question 3 (10marks)On18June2018,AustralianGreensSenatorJordonSteele-JohnintroducedaBillintotheSenate.TheBill,theCommonwealthElectoralAmendment(LoweringVotingAgeandIncreasingVoterParticipation)Bill2018,aimstoamendthelawtoallow16-and17-year-oldstovoteinfederalelections.Thefollowingdataisfromthe‘SenateOfficialHansard’,18June2018.

Asat18June2018,thecompositionoftheSenatewasasfollows:Liberal-NationalCoalition(government) 31AustralianLaborParty(opposition) 26AustralianGreens(includingSenatorSteele-John) 9Other(independentsandminorparties) 10Total 76

Data:ParliamentofAustralia,<www.aph.gov.au>

a. Explainhowaparliamentarycommitteeoraroyalcommissioncouldinfluencelawreformtoallow16-and17-year-oldstovoteinfederalelections. 4marks


END OF QUESTION AND ANSWER BOOKTURN OVER

b. DiscusstheabilityoftheCommonwealthParliamenttochangethelawtoallow 16-and17-year-oldstovoteinfederalelections. 6marks


Extra space for responses

Clearly number all responses in this space.


TURN OVER


Ananswerbookisavailablefromthesupervisorifyouneedextrapapertocompleteananswer.Pleaseensureyouwriteyourstudent numberinthespaceprovidedonthefrontcoveroftheanswerbook.At the end of the examination, place the answer book inside the front cover of this question and answer book.