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İNGİLİZCE (FEN BİLİMLERİ) A

1 - 20. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılanyerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyibulunuz.

Though other factors contribute to thedecline of species, climate change is a mainthreat because it occurs ------- rapidly forthem ------- successfully adapt.

1.

as / asA)rather / thanB)too / toC)as well / asD)so / thatE)

Today, the Internet ------- access to public andprivate biological databases that ------- thework of thousands of biotech researchersaround the world.

2.

will provide / were supportingA)provided / would supportB)would provide / supportedC)provides / supportD)had provided / have supportedE)

The digitalisation of cultural heritage is oneof the main ------- facing European museumsand other cultural institutions.

3.

temperaturesA)challengesB)invitationsC)electionsD)anniversariesE)

It is difficult for scientists to measure themass balance of ice sheets manually; -------,satellite images of the ice sheets can tracktheir growth and recession over the years.

4.

howeverA)for instanceB)otherwiseC)likewiseD)moreoverE)

In 1990, the discovery that the universe isstill expanding was unexpected ------- it wasthought that its expansion had come to anend long ago.

5.

providedA)thoughB)so thatC)besidesD)sinceE)

Toxic substances are chemicals that causedamage ------- living organisms as a result------- immediate or long-term exposure.

6.

of / forA)to / ofB)on/ withC)in / atD)at / inE)

In the past few years, there have been greatadvances in the field of machine learning,------- in Artificial Intelligence.

7.

accidentallyA)carefullyB)hardlyC)especiallyD)politelyE)

2018 YÖKDİL YAZ DÖNEMİ - A

1

APeople are concerned about nuclear wastebecause of its long-term effects, but much------- waste in the form of plastic also lastsfor quite a long time.

8.

communicative A)healthyB)domesticC)temporaryD)strangeE)

------- science fiction shows and movies likeStar Trek and Star Wars make space travellook very easy, the reality is quite different.

9.

AlthoughA)BecauseB)WhenC)UnlessD)SinceE)

A new theory claims that the cosmos is full ofunseen particle families ------- do not interactwith each other.

10.

whoseA)in whichB)whereC)whenD)thatE)

Habitat ------- a broad term that we use todescribe the surroundings or conditionswhere any given organism -------.

11.

has been / livedA)is / livesB)had been / had livedC)was / has livedD)will be / would liveE)

Thomas Young was born in 1773 and isdescribed as a 'polymath' because hecontributed to many scientific fields ------- hisextensive research related to colour vision.

12.

in caseA)otherwiseB)in addition toC)so thatD)even thoughE)

Toothpicks, which are generally used aftereating, are highly effective for cleaning -------teeth ------- gums.

13.

neither / orA)such / thatB)more / thanC)but / alsoD)both / andE)

Air pollution often travels to areas that do notproduce significant amounts of pollutionthemselves; -------, monitoring air pollutionhas become a major problem for manyauthorities.

14.

just asA)for exampleB)however C)thereforeD)in contrastE)

The La Braña-Arintero site ------- by chance in2006 by Julio Manuel Vidal Encinas, anarchaeologist of the Council of Castilla yLeón.

15.

has been discoveredA)was discoveringB)has discoveredC)was discoveredD)discoveredE)


2

AEver since the hydrogen bomb -------,attempts ------- to harness the power ofnuclear fusion for peaceful purposes.

16.

is invented / had been madeA)has been invented / will be madeB)was invented / have been madeC)will be invented / were madeD)had been invented / are madeE)

Different regions and economic sectors inthe world are currently ------- the impact ofclimate change in various ways.

17.

getting offA)calling backB)dealing withC)sending outD)running byE)

Modern science ------- answers to many of ourfundamental questions about the universeand our place within it.

18.

offersA)causesB)consumesC)happensD)disappearsE)

Bees pollinate crops, and ------- we want totransfer pollen from flower to flower by hand,we need to protect them.

19.

whenA)unlessB)ifC)whileD)onceE)

Experts from Montana University arestudying microorganisms which have beenliving under the ice of Antarctica ------- thelast 500,000 years.

20.

sinceA)afterB)beforeC)forD)onceE)


3

A

21 - 25. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçadanumaralanmış yerlere uygun düşensözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.

Team work usually occurs in species that live infamily groups and ---21--- each other as aconsequence of genetic relatedness. Workingtogether ---22--- many benefits to an individual,when hunting both small and large prey. ---23---,lions work together to bring down larger prey. Asfor marine animals like dolphins, they maycoordinate ---24--- movements to herd many preyinto a small area. Animals have developed thesestrategies in order to make prey easier ---25---catch.

21.

had assistedA)assistB)are assistedC)were assistedD)assistedE)

22.

avoidsA)becomesB)ignoresC)happensD)providesE)

23.

For exampleA)In contrastB)NeverthelessC)MoreoverD)However E)

24.

bothA)muchB)itsC)thatD)theirE)

25.

forA)toB)onC)at D)ofE)


4

A

26 - 30. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçadanumaralanmış yerlere uygun düşensözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.

Physics is an experimental science. Physicistsobserve the phenomena of nature and try to findpatterns ---26--- relate these phenomena. Thesepatterns are called physical theories or, ---27---they are very well established and widely used,physical laws or principles. Physicists have toask appropriate questions, carry out experimentsto try to answer the questions, and draw ---28---conclusions from the results. Physics is notsimply a collection of facts; it is also the processby which we arrive at general principles thatdescribe how the physical universe behaves. Notheory is regarded as the final truth. It is in thenature of physical theory that we can ---29--- atheory by finding behaviour that is inconsistentwith it. ---30---, we can never prove beyondquestion that a theory is undoubtedly correct.

26.

in whichA)whenB)whereC)whichD)whatE)

27.

whenA)much asB)even ifC)untilD)unlessE)

28.

externalA)sociableB)appropriateC)dreadfulD)informalE)

29.

exploitA)requireB)disproveC)remainD)involveE)

30.

In other wordsA)Such asB)As thoughC)In contrastD)OtherwiseE)


5

A

31 - 41. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygunşekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.

Biological activity in soil slows down orstops -------.

31.

when oil spills were experienced in theocean

A)

because soil is regarded as static andinactive

B)

after vegetation had started to regenerateitself in spring

C)

so the moon’s influence on the tide wasdramatic

D)

if the soil becomes too cold or too dryE)

Although the world produces enough food tofeed its population, -------.

32.

nearly one billion people do not haveenough to eat

A)

that eating genetically modified food is aconcern especially for children

B)

yet industrial agriculture helps increase theglobal crop

C)

socioeconomic methods should be appliedto stop this problem

D)

poor nutrition is no longer the leading healthrisk worldwide

E)

Because Bennu, the asteroid, regularlypasses relatively near to Earth -------.

33.

it has not been studied thoroughly yetA)it is nearly impossible to analyse themB)scientists cannot understand how they occurC)astronomers can study its orbit closely D)they travel more than a million kilometresE)

While animals such as whales have largerbrains by weight, -------.

34.

a baby whale uses up much more energywhile growing up

A)

the human brain is the largest relative to thesize of its owner’s body

B)

such a small body may be a greatadvantage to move while in danger

C)

its brain consumes a large amount of energywhile sending information

D)

a special feature of the human brain is itsneed for energy

E)

Even though bacteria have a bad reputationfor causing disease, -------.

35.

more bacteria have become resistant totreatment

A)

yet various antitoxins have been used totreat infections

B)

in reality, very few species of bacteria infecthumans

C)

bacterial disease can have several seriousoutcomes

D)

it is not used to kill the harmful bacteria inhumans

E)

Scientists have designed a nano crystal 500times smaller than a human hair -------.

36.

because a laser could be used in order toproject a holographic image in moderndisplays

A)

since the old ones could perform muchbetter

B)

if they are used in anti-counterfeit devices inbank notes, and in some medicalapplications

C)

that turns darkness into visible light andcould be used to create night-vision glasses

D)

in case they involve the study of behaviourof light and interaction of objects with light

E)


6

A-------, most aerospace companies devotetheir resources to improving existingproducts.

37.

Although development of a new flightvehicle might take a decade or more

A)

Since they design wings or body surfaces tomake the craft faster

B)

After engineers subject a new model of theaircraft to tests in a wind tunnel

C)

Because the cost of developing new flightvehicles is so high

D)

Even before computer-aided design enabledengineers to test designs

E)

We will not be able to meet the climatewarming goals set by the Paris Agreement-------.

38.

as long as emission-reducing technologiesspread globally at incredible speeds

A)

unless we speed up the spread of cleantechnology immediately

B)

since we have long supported scientificadvances in these fields

C)

although global emissions of these gaseshave recently gone up significantly

D)

because the institutions have alreadyimproved their experimental techniques

E)

------- as well as an increase in bloodpressure, respiration and heart rate.

39.

Neuroscience had already become thefastest growing discipline

A)

The rush of adrenaline causes a suddenrelease of glucose

B)

One of the basic requirements is certaincoded information

C)

A new system for diagnosing increase inblood pressure has been designed

D)

Information is sent effectively around thenervous system

E)

-------; for instance, they constructed bridgesto make travelling easier.

40.

The cities of the Romans had largepopulations and impressive public houses

A)

Historians estimate that ninety percent ofthe population lived in the country

B)

Ancient Rome was situated on seven hillsand its monumental public buildings

C)

The Romans displayed remarkable skill inbuilding and engineering

D)

Ancient Rome ruled a vast empire with asmall civil service

E)

------- as they will be able to store energy fromwind and solar power.

41.

Future electrodes will not be very useful andefficient

A)

The faster recharging lithium battery hasdisappeared

B)

New generations of lithium batteries will bevery popular

C)

Storing electrical energy quickly has notbeen achieved

D)

It was recently discovered by a group ofstudents

E)


7

A

42 - 47. sorularda, verilen İngilizcecümleye anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyibulunuz.

The real reason cats avoid water is that theirfur becomes soaked and loses its protectingproperty.

42.

Kedilerin sudan kaçınmasının asıl nedenikürklerinin ıslanması ve koruyucu özelliğiniyitirmesidir.

A)

Kürklerinin koruyucu özelliğini tamamenbozduğu için kediler sudan kaçınırlar.

B)

Kediler sudan kaçınırlar; çünkü su,kürklerinin koruyucu özelliğini tamamenbozar.

C)

Kedilerin sudan kaçınmasının nedenlerindenbiri de kürklerinin koruyucu özelliğiniyitirmesidir.

D)

Kürklerinin ıslanması ve koruyucu özelliğiniyitirmesi kedilerin sudan korkmasının sebebiolabilir.

E)

Because they are more elastic than metalslike steel, the use of composite materials intrain construction is still a debated issue interms of safety.

43.

Çelik gibi metallerden daha esnekolmadıkları için, kompozit malzemelerin trenyapımında kullanımı, güvenlik açısındantartışmaya açık bir konudur.

A)

Kompozit malzemelerin tren yapımındakullanımının en önemli sebeplerinden biri,çelik gibi metallerden daha esnek olmasıdır.

B)

Çelik gibi metaller esnek oldukları için,kompozit malzemelerin tren yapımındakullanımı uzun zamandır tartışılmaktadır.

C)

Kompozit malzemeler, çelik gibi metallerdendaha esnek olsalar da, tren yapımındakullanımı, güvenlik açısından sakıncalıdır.

D)

Çelik gibi metallerden daha esnek olduklarıiçin, kompozit malzemelerin tren yapımındakullanımı, güvenlik açısından hâlâ tartışılanbir konudur.

E)

A growing body of scientific studies indicatethat following the Mediterranean diet canhelp slow memory loss.

44.

Hafıza kaybını önlemeye yardımcı olduğuiçin Akdeniz diyetini uygulamanın gerekliliğibilimsel çalışmalarda ortaya konmuştur.

A)

Artan sayıda bilimsel çalışma Akdenizdiyetini uygulamanın hafıza kaybınıyavaşlatmaya yardımcı olabildiğinigöstermektedir.

B)

Bilim insanları tarafından yapılan çalışmalarAkdeniz diyetini uygulayan bireylerde hafızakaybının yaşanmadığını göstermektedir.

C)

Çok sayıda çalışma, yaşlılıkta Akdenizdiyetini uygulamanın olası hafıza kaybınıyavaşlattığını göstermektedir.

D)

Artan sayıda çalışmada işaret edildiği gibiAkdeniz diyetini uygulamak hafıza kaybınıbüyük ölçüde yavaşlatmaktadır.

E)

Fossilized 21-million-year-old monkey teethfound on the Panama Canal are the mostsignificant evidence of the presence ofmammals in North America.

45.

Panama Kanalı’nda bulunan 21 milyonyaşındaki fosilleşmiş maymun dişleri, KuzeyAmerika’daki memeli varlığının en önemlikanıtıdır.

A)

Panama Kanalı’nda ilk kez bulunan 21milyon yaşındaki fosilleşmiş maymun dişleri,Kuzey Amerika’daki memeli varlığınınönemli bir kanıtıdır.

B)

21 milyon yaşındaki fosilleşmiş maymundişleri, Kuzey Amerika’da yaşamış olan ilkeltürler hakkında önemli ipuçları vermektedir.

C)

Panama Kanalı civarında bulunan 21 milyonyaşındaki maymun dişleri, ilk memelilerinKuzey Amerika’da yaşadıklarının önemli birişaretidir.

D)

Kuzey Amerika’daki Panama Kanalı’ndaşans eseri bulunan 21 milyon yaşındakimaymun dişleri, ilk memeli varlığının enönemli kanıtı kabul edilir.

E)


8

AThe United Nations defines biotechnology asany technological application that usesbiological systems to make or modifyproducts.

46.

Biyoteknoloji, çeşitli ürünleri yapmak içinbiyolojik sistemleri kullanan her türlüteknolojik uygulama olarak karşımızaçıkmaktadır.

A)

Birleşmiş Milletlere göre, biyolojik sistemteknolojisi, birçok ürünü yapmak vedeğiştirmek için geliştirilen önemli birteknolojik uygulamadır.

B)

Birleşmiş Milletler, biyoteknolojiyi, birtakımbiyolojik ürünleri yapmak için kullanılanteknolojik bir uygulama olaraktanımlamaktadır.

C)

Biyoteknoloji, ürünleri yapmak vedeğiştirmek için Birleşmiş Milletler tarafındanda kullanan teknolojik bir uygulama olaraksınıflandırılabilir.

D)

Birleşmiş Milletler, biyoteknolojiyi, ürünleriyapmak ya da değiştirmek için biyolojiksistemleri kullanan her türlü teknolojikuygulama olarak tanımlamaktadır.

E)

One of the effects of deforestation, whichaccelerated in the late 20th century, is thedisappearance of many plant and animalspecies.

47.

20. yüzyılın sonlarında ortaya çıkan ormankaybının etkilerinin başında bazı bitki vehayvan türlerinin yok olması gelir.

A)

Birçok bitki ve hayvan türünün ortadankaybolması, 20. yüzyılda meydana gelenorman kaybının açık sonucudur.

B)

20. yüzyılın sonlarındaki orman kaybı, bitkive hayvan türlerinin ortadan kaybolmasınınbaşlıca nedenidir.

C)

20. yüzyılda hızlanan orman kaybınınönemli etkilerinden biri, bitki ve hayvansayısının önemli ölçüde azalmasıdır.

D)

20. yüzyılın sonlarında hızlanan ormankaybının etkilerinden biri, birçok bitki vehayvan türünün yok olmasıdır.

E)

48 - 53. sorularda, verilen Türkçe cümleyeanlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyibulunuz.

Modern bilimin kökleri Avrupa’da 1500-1750yılları arasında gerçekleşen hızlı bilimselgelişmelerde yatar.

48.

Modern science emerged thanks to rapidscientific developments that occurred inEurope between roughly 1500 and 1750.

A)

The principles of modern science can betraced back to a period between 1500 and1750 which witnessed significantdevelopments.

B)

A period of scientific development thatoccurred in Europe between 1500 and 1750is considered to be the origins of modernscience.

C)

The origins of modern science lie in rapidscientific developments that occurred inEurope between 1500 and 1750.

D)

Modern science was born out of significantscientific developments that took place inEurope between roughly 1500 and 1750.

E)

Mühendislerden sadece işlerini yetkin birşekilde yerine getirmeleri değil, aynızamanda mühendisliğin ahlaki ve toplumsaletkilerinin de farkında olmalarıbeklenmektedir.

49.

Engineers should not only perform theirwork competently, but consider almost allethical and social aspects of their professionas well.

A)

Engineers are expected to perform theirwork competently so that social issues ofengineering can be handled appropriately.

B)

Engineers’ primary duty is that they shouldbe competent and aware of the ethical andsocial effects of engineering.

C)

Engineers are supposed to perform theirwork competently and to know the ethicaland social effects of their decisions.

D)

Engineers are expected not only to performtheir work competently but also to be awareof the ethical and social effects ofengineering.

E)


9

AKızıl sincaplar, sonbaharda hatırlaması kolayyerlere gömdükleri yiyecek depolarınagüvendikleri için kış uykusuna yatmazlar.

50.

As they rely on the caches of food theyburied in easy-to-remember sites in autumn,red squirrels do not hibernate.

A)

Relying on the food they buried in specificsites in autumn may cause red squirrels notto hibernate.

B)

Because red squirrels do not hibernate, theyusually bury the caches of food ineasy-to-remember sites.

C)

Red squirrels bury the caches of food in aneasy-to-remember site in autumn in ordernot to hibernate.

D)

Red squirrels cannot hibernate; as a result,they have to bury their food ineasy-to-remember sites in autumn.

E)

Gerekli türbinlerin kurulum maliyeti, rüzgârgücünün yaygın kullanımının önünde herzaman bir engel olmuştur.

51.

Despite the installation cost of necessaryturbines being inexpensive, wind power hasnever become widespread.

A)

The installation cost of necessary turbineshas always been an obstacle to thewidespread use of wind power.

B)

Wind power has always been consideredtoo expensive due to the installation cost ofnecessary turbines.

C)

The high installation cost of necessaryturbines for wind power has hardly stoppedus from using it widely.

D)

The widespread use of wind power hasslowed down because of the highinstallation cost of necessary turbines.

E)

Evlerde kömür kullanımı da azaltılmadıkça,Çin’in enerji santrallerinden karbonsalınımını azaltma planları çok etkiliolmayabilir.

52.

China’s plans to reduce emissions frompower plants will not be effective as long asthe household use of coal is encouraged.

A)

China’s plans to reduce emissions frompower plants may not be effective if the useof health-damaging coal is also reduced.

B)

If household use of coal is also reduced,China’s plans to reduce emissions frompower plants will have significant effects.

C)

China’s plans to reduce harmful emissionsfrom power plants will not be very effective ifpeople keep using coal for heating.

D)

As long as the household use of coal is notalso reduced, China’s plans to reducecarbon emission from power plants may notbe very effective.

E)

2017 yılında yayımlanan bir rapora göre,Avrupa’daki kirlenmiş toprak miktarının 2025yılına kadar %50 artması beklenmektedir.

53.

A report of 2017 suggested that the totalamount of polluted soil in Europe isestimated to increase by nearly 50% in2025.

A)

According to a number of reports issued in2017, the amount of polluted soil isconsidered to increase nearly by 50% in2025.

B)

According to a report issued in 2017, theamount of polluted soil in Europe isexpected to increase by 50% by 2025.

C)

In 2017, certain reports stated that thesurface area of polluted soil in Europe willhave increased by up to 50% by 2025.

D)

A report issued in 2017 stated that thesurface area of polluted soil in Europe willprobably increase by 50% by 2025.

E)


10

A

54 - 59. sorularda, parçada anlambütünlüğünü sağlamak için boş bırakılanyerlere getirilebilecek cümleyi bulunuz.

Soyuz is the oldest spacecraft still inoperation. -------. Since then, this spacecrafthas carried more people to orbit and backthan any other spacecraft. While not immuneto its own set of disasters and setbacks,Soyuz is nevertheless the safest and mostcost-effective spacecraft ever built. As of2018, it is the only way to get warm bodies upto the International Space Station and back,and is used by both the Russians and theAmericans.

54.

A parachute failure caused the module tocrash

A)

It might be used as an emergency ferry at alltimes

B)

Some astronauts complain that it hasbecome old-fashioned

C)

It was built by the Korolyov Design Bureauin the 1960s

D)

Americans plan to land on Mars before 2020E)

Concorde, the fastest passenger aircraft ofits time, cruised at speeds of over 2,180kilometres per hour – twice the speed ofsound. At half that speed, it would break thesound barrier, generating an enormousdouble sonic boom that could be heard formiles. This incredibly loud noise led to aworldwide ban on continental supersonicflights. -------. To achieve this, it hasannounced plans to develop a 'low boom'aircraft, which generates a soft thump as itbreaks the sound barrier, rather than adisruptive boom.

55.

Scientists used to work on a project to stopshockwaves generated by supersonicaircrafts

A)

Shockwaves move away from the aircraft inall directions and travel at the speed ofsound

B)

In 2016, a group of engineers wanted tostart a new spacecraft project, but theycould not afford it

C)

Now, NASA hopes to bring back supersonicpassenger air travel by making flightsgreener, safer and quieter

D)

These factors contributed to the aircraft’sunexpected worldwide failure at thebeginning of 2000

E)

The oyster has a hard outer wall known as amantle, which covers and protects certainorgans. When an intruder such as a grain ofsand enters an oyster’s shell, it irritates theoyster. Therefore, the oyster promptly coversthe foreign object with a mineral substancecalled nacre. The oyster coats it with moreand more nacre until it forms a pearl. -------.Pearl 'farmers' can harvest pearls bytriggering this response by inserting a grainof sand into the shell.

56.

But oysters can produce pearls in a veryshort period of time

A)

For example, producing pearls in this wayhelps them to expand their life spans

B)

Recently, biologists have found that oystersproduce nacre from their shells

C)

So, the ecosystem where species likeoysters live is still in danger of beingpolluted

D)

The shiny spheres are thus actually theproduct of an immune response

E)


11

AThe field of electric power is concerned withthe design and operation of systems forgenerating, transmitting, and distributingelectric power. -------. One of these is theability to transmit power at extremely highvoltages in both the direct current andalternating current modes, reducing powerlosses. Another is the real-time digitalcontrol of power generation, transmission,and distribution, thereby optimizing theefficiency of the system while it is inoperation.

57.

Electronics and electric power have chosendifferent paths as they have developed

A)

Throughout history, man-made objects haveplayed an important part in civilizations

B)

Engineers working in this field have madeseveral developments since the 1970s

C)

The principle of electromagnetic inductionwas discovered by Michael Faraday in 1831

D)

Information is now generated, transmitted,received, and stored electronically

E)

Sound is stored in one of two basic ways,called formats. The first format stores soundin a form that resembles the original soundwave and is known as analogue recording.-------. The second format is digital recordingwhich represents a sound wave as a series ofnumbers. Computer drives use the positionof magnetic particles to define thesenumbers. A number of digital formats exist,and they determine the quality of therecorded sound, and the number of channelsof sound playback.

58.

The term 'format' is also used to describethe number of channels, or streams ofsound

A)

This format is called analogue because theform of the sound wave in the recording isanalogous to the original waveform

B)

Two of the most common formats aremonaural, or mono, and stereophonic, orstereo

C)

When they are played, the sounds fromthese two separate channels combine in theair

D)

They were really popular in the 1970s,mainly because they were easy to accessthen

E)

-------. Scientists have discovered ways inwhich these signals can be picked up bysensors and sent wirelessly to otherelectrical devices, making it possible for aperson to move or alter objects by thoughtalone. Most research in this field is directedtoward developing devices to help peoplewith nervous-system injuries regain the useof paralyzed limbs. The technology has alsobeen picked up by some computer-gamemanufacturers, who have produced gamesthat can be played using thought power.

59.

As biotechnology advances, it generatesethical and social issues as well

A)

To many scientists, it seems hard to developsystems that are as flexible as the humanbrain

B)

Software can now compete on even termswith the best chess players

C)

When a person is thinking, the brainproduces electrical signals

D)

However, computer game manufacturersuse these advances

E)


12

A

60 - 65. sorularda, cümleler sırasıylaokunduğunda parçanın anlambütünlüğünü bozan cümleyi bulunuz.

(I) The literal meaning of carnivorous is 'meateating'. (II) When this definition is applied toplants, it evokes visions of snarling greenjaws snapping at nearby animal life. (III)Although the vision is vivid, it is not inkeeping with reality. (IV) Most plants arecunning in their means of entrapping animalprey and have evolved sophisticated meansof digesting it. (V) Common names used forplants can be confusing because the sameplant may be called by different names indifferent geographic areas.

60.

IA)IIB)IIIC)IVD)VE)

(I) One of the most important types ofacceleration is the acceleration caused bygravity. (II) The history of the universe isessentially a story about the interplaybetween matter and energy. (III) Interactionsbetween these two began in the Big Bang (IV)They still exist today in everything from themicroscopic moving of atoms to hugecollisions of galaxies. (V) Understanding theuniverse, therefore, depends on becomingfamiliar with how matter responds to the flowof energy.

61.

IA)IIB)IIIC)IVD)VE)

(I) Ancient people used various methods topreserve food for a long time. (II) Makingcucumber pickles is a long process with twostages. (III) First, the salt in the vinegar mixtakes the water out of the cucumbers. (IV)Second, good lactobacilli bacteria alreadyliving on the cucumbers convert sugars intolactic acid, which preserves the produce andadds spiciness. (V) A clean cloth orcheesecloth secured with a rubber bandvents gases from fermentation and forms abarrier to mold and harmful bacteria, andafter a couple weeks in the jar, the fermentedpickles are ready.

62.

IA)IIB)IIIC)IVD)VE)


13

A(I) Most graphics systems provide akeyboard and at least one other input device.(II) The most common input devices are themouse, the joystick, and the data tablet. (III)Each provides positional information to thesystem, and each usually is equipped withone or more buttons to provide signals to theprocessor. (IV) They are often called pointingdevices and they allow a user to indicate aparticular location on the display. (V) Theyneed to create new games for game fansregularly.

63.

IA)IIB)IIIC)IVD)VE)

(I) The most basic motions of Earth are itsdaily rotation and its yearly orbit around theSun. (II) Our entire solar system is actuallyon a very long journey within the Milky WayGalaxy. (III) It rotates once each day aroundits axis, which is the imaginary lineconnecting the North Pole to the South Pole.(IV) As viewed from above the North Pole, themovement is counter clockwise. (V) Althoughwe do not feel any obvious effects fromEarth’s rotation, the speed of it issubstantial.

64.

IA)IIB)IIIC)IVD)VE)

(I) Most meditation is done sitting down inspecial postures, such as the full or half lotusin which both feet, or just one foot, rests onthe opposite thigh. (II) However, many peoplemeditate in simpler positions, using firmcushions, or sitting on a low bench with theirfeet tucked underneath. (III) In meditationthere are always two dangers; eitherbecoming drowsy and falling asleep, orbecoming agitated by distracting thoughts ordiscomfort. (IV) There is nothing magicalabout these positions. (V) They all have thesame aim; to provide a posture that is bothrelaxed and alert.

65.

IA)IIB)IIIC)IVD)VE)


14

A

66 - 68. soruları aşağıda verilen parçayagöre cevaplayınız.

Since its construction, at least 1300 people havekilled themselves by jumping off the Golden GateBridge in San Francisco. In 1940, the Board ofDirectors discussed an “anti-suicide screen” butdecided against it. In 2008, they voted 14 to 1 toinstall a stainless steel net but this time seriouspublic disagreement led to a cancellation inconstruction. While the proponents of the projecttended to disregard aesthetic considerations,those against the barrier believed the bridge hadalways been praised for its transparency and anybarrier design would destroy the view. Inaddition, opponents claimed a suicide barrierwould not be effective, since people who wantedto kill themselves would simply go somewhereelse. However, those favouring the projectclaimed most suicidal people act on an impulseand, when prevented from actually killingthemselves, often seek help instead of endingtheir lives. When it came to financial concerns,the barrier did not seem worth the costs to theopponents, whereas the proponents reacted bysaying the value of a human life cannot beexpressed in monetary terms.

It is clear from the text that -------.66.

state authorities agreed to install anti-suicidenetting but they could not afford it

A)

there has been no agreement on the bestway to address suicide attempts at theGolden Gate Bridge

B)

the bridge is under construction now despitesome opponents

C)

a great number of people had beenprevented from committing suicide by 2008

D)

the authorities inspected some other bridgeswith similar designs before reaching averdict

E)

According to the text, some people wereagainst the installation of a barrier since-------.

67.

the project required structural change in thebridge and brought additional cost

A)

suicide from the bridge was neither possiblenor probable as the bridge was difficult toclimb

B)

it would prevent the public from noticingpeople who were about to commit suicide

C)

people who were stopped when they wereabout to end their lives would usually seekpsychological help

D)

they believed people had free will and oneshould not interfere with people’s decisionsto end their own lives

E)

The text is mainly about -------. 68.

contradictory viewpoints regarding theGolden Gate Bridge suicide barrier

A)

an inquiry into the pros and cons of theconstruction of the Golden Gate Bridge

B)

cost-benefit and risk analysis prior to theconstruction of a bridge in San Francisco

C)

the cost of redesigning bridges for publicuse in the city of San Francisco

D)

social and ethical issues that arose duringconstruction of the Golden Gate Bridge

E)


15

A


An increase in temperature of a few degreesmight not sound so bad, but small changes inaverage temperature can lead to much moredramatic changes in climate patterns. Thesechanges will cause some regions to warm muchmore than the average, while other regions maycool. Polar regions will warm the most, causingpolar ice to melt. This is clearly threatening to thespecies of these regions, but it also warms theoceans everywhere and changes their saltcontent as melting ice pours fresh water into thesea. The fact that the waters of the Gulf ofMexico are at their warmest level in at least acentury may be contributing to the greaterstrength of hurricanes that have recently blownout of the Caribbean. More generally, overallwarming of the atmosphere will increaseevaporation from the oceans, leading tonumerous and intense storms; ironically, thismeans that global warming could mean moresevere winter blizzards.


because of the change in temperature, mostareas will become desert-like

A)

low temperature is a sign of disasters suchas hurricanes

B)

some areas are warmer because of theincrease in the salt level in seas

C)

even the slightest changes in temperaturecan affect climate patterns

D)

a few degrees’ increase in temperature isbetter than a decrease

E)

It is stated in the text that the reason for thechange in the salt content of seas is that-------.

70.

more fresh water will flow into the seas dueto melting polar ice

A)

the water in seas will evaporate, causingstorms and hurricanes

B)

some regions like the Caribbean are likely toget much more rain

C)

endangered species in polar regions willbecome extinct

D)

climate patterns across the world may causecertain regions to get cooler

E)

The text is mainly about -------.71.

to what extent increases in temperature areaffecting marine life

A)

how the Gulf of Mexico is affected by anincrease in temperature

B)

climate change and its influence on animalsin polar regions

C)

how we can help protect the environmentD)the consequences of changes intemperatures across the world

E)


16

A


Driving is a much more complex activity thanmost people think. It involves a wide range ofskills and actions. Some of them are easier toautomate than others. Maintaining speed on anopen road is simple, which is why standardcruise control systems have been doing itautomatically for a long time. Besideslane-keeping systems, adaptive cruise controlsystems that keep proper speed and spacingbehind other vehicles are also widely available.However, it will be an enormous jump from suchsystems to fully automated driving, which is stillsomething we can only have in science-fictionfilms. The automotive industry and the mediahave made a mess of the terminology used totalk about automated driverless systems. Theterms 'autonomous', 'driverless' and 'self-driving'confuse more than they enlighten. To clearthings up, scientists have defined different levelsof automation. They arranged them on a ladderof decreasing dependence on the driver.

According to the text, the technical termsused by automotive manufacturers and thepress -------.

72.

set an important safety target for automateddriving systems

A)

cause confusion among the public aboutautomated driverless systems

B)

sound futuristic, like having your ownpersonal electronic chauffeur

C)

will bring automated valet-parking systemsin the near future

D)

are only related to autopilot in specificscenarios, such as freeway traffic jams

E)

We understand from the text that -------.73.

the terminology used for self-driving cars iswidely agreed upon

A)

few people think driving is an easy task toexecute

B)

there is still a long way to go before we canswitch to fully automated cars

C)

the production of smart cars will have to endbefore long

D)

the safety of modern car systems is stillunder debate

E)


cruise control systems have been used formany years

A)

steering control will depend more on driverssoon

B)

steering control must be affordable for thegeneral public

C)

lane-keeping systems will disappear in thefuture

D)

governments encourage fully automateddriving projects

E)


17

A


The ozone layer protects life on Earth, andwithout ozone, the world as we know it would notexist. Ozone is a key element of the atmosphere,the blanket of gases surrounding our planet thatis made up of discernable layers, which differ intemperature, density, and gas composition. Thelowest level, the troposphere, extends about 11km up from Earth’s surface. This level is familiarto us: it is the air we breathe and where ourweather occurs. The next level in theatmospheric blanket, the stratosphere, rises to50 km above Earth’s surface. The stratosphere ismuch less dense than the troposphere butcontains a 'layer' of ozone – abbreviated as O3because it contains three oxygen atoms – aregion where most of the atmosphere’s ozone isfound.


the stratosphere has the least ozonecompared to the other layers

A)

the stratosphere is much closer to the Earththan the troposphere

B)

the gases surrounding the Earth vary indensity and content

C)

the layers that make up the ozone layerhave not been fully observed

D)

all the layers in the atmosphere have almostthe same features

E)

According to the text, one of the reasons weknow the troposphere well is that it -------.

76.

contains the most vital ozone typeA)protects life on Earth better than the otherlayers

B)

extends about 50 km up from Earth’ssurface

C)

is much thicker than the other layersD)contains the air we inhale and exhaleE)

We can infer from the text that-------.77.

the ozone layer is a single body with nodiscernible layers

A)

the ozone layer makes the world habitablefor every living species

B)

weather phenomena occur in the highestlevel of the atmosphere

C)

the density of the ozone layer changesseasonally

D)

there are two atmospheric layers betweenthe Earth and the troposphere

E)


18

A


Dreams have long been regarded as propheticcommunications which enable us to foretell thefuture. There is absolutely no scientific evidencefor this theory and considerable scientificevidence against it. It is certainly true thatindividuals who are concerned about a traumaticevent, such as the threat of the loss of a lovedone who is sick, will dream about that loved onemore often. We know from our experiments thatit is possible to influence dream content simplyby having a subject in mind while going to sleep.Therefore, dreaming about a loved one at a timewhen that loved one’s life is threatened is notsurprising. If the dreamer then calls and findsthat the individual has died, it is understandablefor him or her to assume that the dream was anearly warning of that death. But this is a mistake.It is simply a coincidental correspondencebetween a situation about which one haslegitimate and intense concern and theoccurrence of the event that one fears.

The text is mainly about -------.78.

the significance of dreams in ancientcultures

A)

why people frequently dream of their lovedones

B)

the association between dreams and realityC)how we can control our dreams to knowabout the future

D)

a proven theory about dreaming and itseffects

E)

According to the text, -------. 79.

the form and content of our dreams areinseparable

A)

science can help prove the prophetic qualityof dreaming

B)

our daily routine has no significant effect onthe content of dreams

C)

concerns about traumatic events maydetermine the content of our dreams

D)

modern science has never been interestedin content of dreams

E)

From the text, we can clearly understand that-------.

80.

most of our dreams tell us that we will loseone of our loved ones soon

A)

people who have never had sleep problemscan have lucid dreams

B)

some incidents may make people thinkdreams are indicators of a future event

C)

most people can remember their dreamsquite easily

D)

there is a certain relation between mentalhealth and dreaming

E)


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A Grubu Cevap Anahtarı1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20C D B A E B D C A E B C E D D C C A B D

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40B E A E B D A C C A E A D B C D D B B D

41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60C A E B A E E D E A B E C D D E C B D E

61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80A A E B C B A A D A E B C A C E B C D C


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