21 building sections chapter permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.©...

21Building Sections

Chapter

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

Building Sections

Building sectionsVertical “cuts” or “slices” through a structure

Longitudinal Building SectionRuns across the longest dimension of a building

Transverse Building sectionRuns perpendicular to longitudinal building sections



Purpose of Building Sections• Illustrate type of construction such as foundation types,

walls, and roof construction• Give vertical dimensions and provide information about

size of structural components• Provide important information about materials and material

sizes• Inform contractor or builder of special or unconventional

construction methods or techniques• Show specific materials to be used



Types of Building Sections

• Full building sections• Partial building sections• Wall sections• Detail sections



Full Building Section Information

• Overall height dimensions and relationships• General building materials used• Foundation information• Special or unusual construction techniques and

methods• Drawn at same scale as floor plan



Full Building Section



Partial Building Section Information

• Shows part of structure in more detail• Cuts through half or more of structure, but not its

entire length• Drawn at a larger scale—usually 3/8″ = 1′-0″ or

larger



Partial Building Section



Wall Section Information

• Cuts through only one (typically exterior) wall• Shows foundation system, wall system, roof

system at one location in structure• Shows more specific detail than any other type of

building section• Usually drawn at same scale as floor plan



Wall Section



Typical and Specific Sections

• Typical section– Represents features or sizes that are used in many

different places in structure

• Specific section– Shows feature, method, or technique that is used

only once



Specifying Building Section Location

Section marks are used to indicate where sections are

being taken or cut.

Because of the complexity of architectural drawings cutting

plane lines are generally omitted

Only the arrow indicating the direction of sight of the

section view is shown



Identifying Sections

First section is labeled A–A

Second section is labeled B–B

Actual section drawings are labeled Section A–A, Section B–B, and so on

The upper letter indicates the name of the section on the sheet

The lower number refers to the sheet where the section view is drawn



Preparing to Draw Building Sections

• Questions to be answered include:– Foundation information?– Existing grade?– Heights from finished floor to finished ceilings?– Rough openings of doors and windows?– What type of roof construction?– What kind of exterior materials?– What type of soffit?



CADD: Full Building SectionCollect essential size information

Select or create section layers

Draw footing and foundation wall

Locate and draw basement slab

Position and draw grade line



CADD: Full Building SectionLocate and draw floor joists, ceiling joists and wall and roof structures

Use actual sizes rather than nominal sizes

Add details and material hatch patterns

Add dimensions and notes

Add scale and title on appropriate layers

Review your work



CADD: Full Building



TCADD: Detail Section (Typical)

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