Windows into the Heart of God

LEVITICUS

2nd Adar3rd, 6th, 8th, 11th,

14th, and 19th years

⬅Passover

⬅Unleavened Bread

⬅Firstfruits

⬅Pentecost

Tabernacles➡

Day of Atonement➡

Trumpets➡

[Shavuot ,שָבּועֹות]

[sukkōt ,סֻּכֹות][Pesakh ,ּפֶסַח]

Jewish Holy CalendarHanukkah➡

[khanuká ,חֲנֻּכָה]

[ֹראׂש הַּשָנָה][Rosh Hashanah]

Herman Wouk“This Is My God”

The central and most picturesque rite Passover, the eating of the Paschal lamb, no longer exists. With the fall of the Temple the symbol, like so much of Judaism, went dark.

The Feasts of Israel

Herman Wouk“This Is My God”

The summer festival lasts only one day, two outside of Israel. In Temple times it was rich with harvest rituals. Today, beyond the general Sabbath and the holy day of services, it has no concrete symbols.

The Feasts of Israel

Herman Wouk“This Is My God”

Sukkoth is so preeminently a joyful and rollicking time that its Talmudic name is simply “The Festival.” With the dispersion of the Jews to colder climates, the customs surrounding the Sukos have changed. There are pious Jews who still sleep in the hut when the weather permits, but most of them today confine their observance to eating meals and praying there.

The Feasts of Israel

Spring Barley Harvest

Jewish Holy Calendar: Leviticus 23

Passover Nisan 14

March/April May/June Sept/Oct

First Fruits Nisan 17

Pentecost Sivan 7

Trumpets Tishri 1

Atonement Tishri 10

Booths Tishri 15-22

Unleavened Bread Nisan 15-22

Summer Wheat Harvest

Fall Fruit Harvest

Death of Christ 1 Cor. 5:7

Resurrection of Christ 1 Cor. 15:20-23

Birth of Church

Acts 2

Rapture of Church

1 Thes. 4:16

Living with God

1 Thes. 4:16Removal

of Sin 1 Thes. 4:16

Pesakh Shavout Sukkot

The main theological idea of this short passage is the LORD’S call to His people to assemble in His presence for spiritual service. Study of this idea with the motif of trumpets leads to the revelation of the trumpet blast at the end of the age.

Allen Ross

Trumpets

EschatologyThe Doctrine of The Future

The Millennium(Revelation 20:1-10)

A-Millennialism(No Literal Millennium)

Revelation 20:1-6 is Present

Church Age

TribulationDay of the LordReign of Christ

Distinctives•Continuity of Israel & Church•OT Covenant Blessings Spiritualized•No Future for Ethnic Israel•No Rapture for the people of God

Chronology

Eternity

New HeavenNew Earth

Pre-Millennialism(Christ comes before a literal Millennium)

Revelation 20:1-6 is Future

Church Age

TribulationDay of the Lord

Distinctives•Distinction between Israel & Church•OT Covenant Blessings Literal•Real Future for Ethnic Israel•Timing of Rapture Debated

Chronology

Eternity

New HeavenNew Earth

Post-Millennialism(Christ comes after a literal Millennium)

Revelation 20:1-6 is Future

Church Age

TribulationDay of the Lord

Progress of Gospel

Distinctives•Continuity of Israel & Church•OT Covenant Blessings Fulfilled in Church•No Future for Ethnic Israel•The Church ushers in the Millennium•No Rapture for the people of God

Chronology

Eternity

New HeavenNew Earth

Millennium

1000Years

Millennium

1000YearsLong period

The Rapture(1 Thessalonians 4:13-18)

IndividualEschatology

DeathAll will Die

(Hebrews 9:27)Sorrow is expected at Death

(Acts 8:2)Believers are Immediately

with Christ(Luke 23:43; Phil. 1:21-23; 2 Cor. 5:8)

Hope(1 Peter 1:3-5)

In a Person, not a Plan(Ps. 42:5,11; Acts 24:15; Eph. 1:12)

Coming Righteousness & Glory(Gal. 5:5; Col. 1:27)

HeavenThe Presence of God

(Matt. 6:9; Acts 7:56; 1 Pet. 3:22)A Place

(John 14:2-3; Acts 1:9-11; 7:55-56)Pleasure

(Luke 22:18; Rev. 19:9; 21:4)Purity Praise

(Rev. 21:27) (Rev. 19:1-8)Hell

(Luke 16:22-28; Rev. 14:9-11)Separation from God

(Matthew 25:41)Intense Suffering

(Matthew 25:30; Mark 9:43) Eternal Duration

(Mt. 25:41,46; Mk. 9:43, 48; Rv. 20:10)Rewards

(Matthew 6:20; Luke 19:11-27; 1 Cor. 3:10-15; 2 Cor. 5:10)

The Judgements(Hebrews 9:27)

Bema Seat of Christ (B)(1 Cor. 3:10-15; 2 Cor. 5:10)

Judgement of Believer’s WorksJudgment of Nations (N)

(Matthew 25:31-46)Judgment of Gentile Nations

Great White Throne (G)(Revelation 20:10-15)

Final Judgment ofSatan and Unbelievers

These Judgments are distinct and yet may occur at the same time.

The Resurrections(1 Corinthians 15:1-58)

Christ(Rom. 6:9; Col. 1:18; 1 Cor. 15:23)

“Firstborn from The Dead”Resurrection of the Saved

(Dan. 12:2; 1 Th. 4:16; Rev. 20:4)OT & NT Saints before TribulationMartyred Tribulations Saints After

Resurrection of the Lost(Jn. 5:29; Rev. 20:11-14)

Unredeemed Dead of All Timebefore the Great White Throne

A Real Physical Body(Luke 24:39 & Rom 6:4-6)

Pre-Tribulation Rapture(Dispensational Pre-Millennialism)

ChurchAge

Raptureof Church

Returnof Christ

Tribulation(7 Years)

Millennium(1000 Years) Et

ernity

Distinctives•Consistent Literal Interpretation•Church “kept out of” Tribulation

Post-Tribulation Rapture(Historic Premillennialism)

ChurchAge

Rapture &

Return

Tribulation(7 Years?)

Millennium(1000 Years?) Et

ernity

Distinctives•Consistent Literary Interpretation•Church “kept through” Tribulation

Mid-Tribulation Rapture(Pre-Wrath Rapture)

ChurchAge

Rapture

Returnof Christ

Tribulation(7 Years)

Millennium(1000 Years) Et

ernity

Distinctives•Church experiences Tribulation•Church “kept out of” God’s Wrath

God’s Wrath

31/2 31/2

(G)(N)(B)

(G)(B/N)

(G)(N)(B)

The Biblical CovenantsAbrahamic

(Gen. 15,17,22)Land (P)Seed (D)

Nations Blessed (N)

Palestinian(Lev. 26; Deut. 28-30)

Obedience-BlessingDisobedience-DisciplineRepentance-Restoration

Davidic(2 Sam. 7; Ps. 89)

Eternal HouseEternal Throne

Eternal Kingdom

New(Jer. 31:31-34)

ForgivenessIndwelling Spirit

Perpetual Presence

Faithful worshippers gather as a sacred assembly

of God’s people.

Gathering

Leviticus 23:23-24

The LORD said to Moses, “Say to the Israelites: ‘On the first day of the seventh month you are to have a day of sabbath rest, a sacred assembly commemorated with trumpet blasts.’”

Leviticus 23:23-24

Gathering

Derek Tidball

The seventh month of the year had great significance for the Israelites. It would have been the lightest month in the agricultural year and therefore gave the opportunity for some “time out.” But it's real significance lay in the fact that seven was the number for perfection, and several celebratory events fall during this month. The Feast of Trumpets heads the list.

Trumpets

Trumpet Blasts (רּוע)

The word simply means “shout or make a loud sound.”

The sound can be either with the human voice or with a musical instrument.

It is closely associated with a battlefield call to action as well as an announcement of

either victory or defeat.

Shofar

Since Tishri included the Day of Atonement and the Feast of Tabernacles, this call to assembly brought people together for all three occasions.

Allen Ross

Trumpets

Faithful worshippers gather to remember their redemption

and renew their commitment to the LORD.

Renewal

Leviticus 23:25

The trumpets awakened the people to the season of repentance and pardon and restoration.

Allen Ross

Trumpets

“Do no regular work, but present a food offering to the LORD.”

Leviticus 23:25

Renewal

The trumpet in the Old Testament represented the voice of God calling to His people. Thus, whenever the people heard the sacred trumpets, they recognize, as it were, the voice of God. At the blast, they gathered for some sacred purpose.

Allen Ross

Trumpets

Listen, I tell you a mystery: We will not all sleep, but we will all be changed—in a flash, in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trumpet. For the trumpet will sound, the dead will be raised imperishable, and we will be changed.

1 Corinthians 15:51-52

Fulfillment in Christ

For the Lord himself will come down from heaven, with a loud command, with the voice of the archangel and with the trumpet call of God, and the dead in Christ will rise first. After that, we who are still alive and are left will be caught up together with them in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air. And so we will be with the Lord forever. Therefore encourage one another with these words.

1 Thessalonians 4:16-18

Fulfillment in Christ

Christ will fulfill the Feast of Trumpets

when God’s people are gathered to Him at the end of the age.

Timing

1 Thessalonians 4:13-18

The Old Testament Feast of Trumpets

brought the harvest to a close and ushered in a new year

for God’s people.

Timing

The New Testament Feast of Trumpets

will bring the current age to a close and usher in a new age

in the plan of God.

Timing

Christ will come with the sound of trumpets to gather His people to Him and celebrate the fullness

of God’s blessing.

Principle

1 Thessalonians 4:13-18

Trumpet blasts signal a time of judgment

and bring the harvest of believers to an end.

Principle

Revelation 8–11

Trumpet Blasts for Judgment Blow the trumpet in Zion; sound the alarm on my holy hill.

Let all who live in the land tremble, for the day of the LORD is coming.

It is close at hand— a day of darkness and gloom,     a day of clouds and blackness.

Like dawn spreading across the mountains a large and mighty army comes, such as never was in ancient times

    nor ever will be in ages to come.  Before them fire devours, behind them a flame blazes.

Before them the land is like the garden of Eden, behind them, a desert waste—nothing escapes them.

Joel 2:1-3

Trumpet Blasts for Judgment That day will be a day of wrath—

a day of distress and anguish,         a day of trouble and ruin, a day of darkness and gloom,

        a day of clouds and blackness—      a day of trumpet and battle cry

against the fortified cities     and against the corner towers.

Zephaniah 1:15-16

The Revelation of Jesus Christ

John1. Both John and his brother, James,

were Galilean fishermen. They worked for their father, Zebedee, who was prosperous enough to have hired hands (Mk 1:19-20).

2. John has been banished to the island of Patmos because of his witness (Rev.1:9) and he is writing what he saw and heard in a vision (Rev. 1:10).

3. John seems to have had some pastoral responsibility for the seven churches in Asia to whom he writes. These churches are relatively close to each other and form a circuit.

4. John is writing in apocalyptic form which uses powerful and vivid images to present spiritual truth.

5. The numbers four, seven, twelve and their multiples appear frequently adding to the intrigue of the book.

Johannine Literature

Jesus Is the Coming King - Be Encouraged and Endure Patiently

John, writing by divine command, recorded the revelation of Jesus Christ–past, present and future (1:19)–in vivid imagery for the Asian Churches demonstrating the ongoing and future ultimate victory of Christ over Satan,

who was responsible for the persecution they were enduring, in order to encourage them to remain faithful because Christ will be the victor in history and that they are a part of God’s victorious plan.

Interpreting RevelationPRETERIST VIEW

Revelation portrays events in the first century in an apocalyptic form.

HISTORICIST VIEWRevelation is a picture of the unfolding history

of the current church age.

IDEALIST VIEWRevelation is a picture of the ongoing spiritual

battle between good and evil.

FUTURIST VIEWRevelation is an unveiling of future/apocalyp-

tic events bringing history to a climax.

ECLECTIC VIEWRevelation is written to a specific historical audience with ideal and future elements.

“Things You Have Seen”

Ken Wilson 2014

The Gospel of John The Revelation of JohnThe Epistles of John

Prolog

ue: In

trodu

ction

to th

e Visi

on -

1:1-8

The V

ision o

f the E

xalted

Chris

t - 1:9

-20

1:1 1:20Th

e Thro

ne of

God

- 4:1

-11Th

e Wort

hy Lam

b - 5:

1-14

The S

even S

eal Ju

dgem

ents

The S

even T

rumpe

t Judg

emen

ts - 8

:1-9:2

2PA

RENT

HESIS

:

The S

eventh

Trum

pet -

11:15

-19

The B

east: P

olitic

al Le

ader

- 13:1

-10Th

e Fals

e Prop

het -

Relig

ious L

eader

- 13:1

1-18

INTE

RLUD

E: Wi

tnesse

s and

Ang

els -

14:1-2

0Se

ven A

ngels

with

Seven

Plag

ues -

15:1-

8

The C

ity: P

olitic

al Ba

bylon

- 18:

1-24

PARE

NTHE

SIS: H

allelu

jah in

Heav

en -

19:1-1

0AR

MAGE

DDON

: Th

e Seco

nd A

dven

t of C

hrist

- 19:1

1-21

The M

illenn

ial Re

ign of

Chri

st - 2

0:1-10

The R

iver o

f Life

- 22

:1-5

The F

inal Ju

dgem

ent a

t the G

reat W

hite T

hrone

- 20

:11-15

ChristJesus

Exalted

2:1 3:22

Messa

ge to

the S

even C

hurch

es - 2

:1-3:2

2

“Things Which Are” “Things Which Shall Be Hereafter”

Jesus Speaking Jesus Judging and Worshipped

Church Tribulation Millenium Eternity

Jesus Ruling

20:1 20:15 21:1 22:214:1 19:21

Trumpet blasts signal a time of reunion

and refreshment as believers are gathered into the presence of God.

Principle

1 Thessalonians 4:13-18; 1 Corinthians 15:51-52

We now listen for the trumpet call, which may be figurative for the resounding clarion call from the voice of God throughout the heavens announcing the beginning of the final stages of God’s program of redemption.

Allen Ross

Trumpets

For the Lord himself will come down from heaven, with a loud command, with the voice of the archangel and with the trumpet call of God, and the dead in Christ will rise first. After that, we who are still alive and are left will be caught up together with them in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air. And so we will be with the Lord forever. Therefore encourage one another with these words.

1 Thessalonians 4:16-18

Fulfillment in Christ

Listen, I tell you a mystery: We will not all sleep, but we will all be changed—in a flash, in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trumpet. For the trumpet will sound, the dead will be raised imperishable, and we will be changed.

1 Corinthians 15:51-52

Fulfillment in Christ

God calls His people away from their earthly focus

to join the saints in His presence where they worship Him

wholeheartedly.

Leviticus: Windows into the Heart of God

Windows into the Heart of God

LEVITICUS