Windows into the Heart of God
LEVITICUS
2nd Adar3rd, 6th, 8th, 11th,
14th, and 19th years
⬅Passover
⬅Unleavened Bread
⬅Firstfruits
⬅Pentecost
Tabernacles➡
Day of Atonement➡
Trumpets➡
[Shavuot ,שָבּועֹות]
[sukkōt ,סֻּכֹות][Pesakh ,ּפֶסַח]
Jewish Holy CalendarHanukkah➡
[khanuká ,חֲנֻּכָה]
[ֹראׂש הַּשָנָה][Rosh Hashanah]
Herman Wouk“This Is My God”
The central and most picturesque rite Passover, the eating of the Paschal lamb, no longer exists. With the fall of the Temple the symbol, like so much of Judaism, went dark.
The Feasts of Israel
Herman Wouk“This Is My God”
The summer festival lasts only one day, two outside of Israel. In Temple times it was rich with harvest rituals. Today, beyond the general Sabbath and the holy day of services, it has no concrete symbols.
The Feasts of Israel
Herman Wouk“This Is My God”
Sukkoth is so preeminently a joyful and rollicking time that its Talmudic name is simply “The Festival.” With the dispersion of the Jews to colder climates, the customs surrounding the Sukos have changed. There are pious Jews who still sleep in the hut when the weather permits, but most of them today confine their observance to eating meals and praying there.
The Feasts of Israel
Spring Barley Harvest
Jewish Holy Calendar: Leviticus 23
Passover Nisan 14
March/April May/June Sept/Oct
First Fruits Nisan 17
Pentecost Sivan 7
Trumpets Tishri 1
Atonement Tishri 10
Booths Tishri 15-22
Unleavened Bread Nisan 15-22
Summer Wheat Harvest
Fall Fruit Harvest
Death of Christ 1 Cor. 5:7
Resurrection of Christ 1 Cor. 15:20-23
Birth of Church
Acts 2
Rapture of Church
1 Thes. 4:16
Living with God
1 Thes. 4:16Removal
of Sin 1 Thes. 4:16
Pesakh Shavout Sukkot
The main theological idea of this short passage is the LORD’S call to His people to assemble in His presence for spiritual service. Study of this idea with the motif of trumpets leads to the revelation of the trumpet blast at the end of the age.
Allen Ross
Trumpets
EschatologyThe Doctrine of The Future
The Millennium(Revelation 20:1-10)
A-Millennialism(No Literal Millennium)
Revelation 20:1-6 is Present
Church Age
TribulationDay of the LordReign of Christ
Distinctives•Continuity of Israel & Church•OT Covenant Blessings Spiritualized•No Future for Ethnic Israel•No Rapture for the people of God
Chronology
Eternity
New HeavenNew Earth
Pre-Millennialism(Christ comes before a literal Millennium)
Revelation 20:1-6 is Future
Church Age
TribulationDay of the Lord
Distinctives•Distinction between Israel & Church•OT Covenant Blessings Literal•Real Future for Ethnic Israel•Timing of Rapture Debated
Chronology
Eternity
New HeavenNew Earth
Post-Millennialism(Christ comes after a literal Millennium)
Revelation 20:1-6 is Future
Church Age
TribulationDay of the Lord
Progress of Gospel
Distinctives•Continuity of Israel & Church•OT Covenant Blessings Fulfilled in Church•No Future for Ethnic Israel•The Church ushers in the Millennium•No Rapture for the people of God
Chronology
Eternity
New HeavenNew Earth
Millennium
1000Years
Millennium
1000YearsLong period
The Rapture(1 Thessalonians 4:13-18)
IndividualEschatology
DeathAll will Die
(Hebrews 9:27)Sorrow is expected at Death
(Acts 8:2)Believers are Immediately
with Christ(Luke 23:43; Phil. 1:21-23; 2 Cor. 5:8)
Hope(1 Peter 1:3-5)
In a Person, not a Plan(Ps. 42:5,11; Acts 24:15; Eph. 1:12)
Coming Righteousness & Glory(Gal. 5:5; Col. 1:27)
HeavenThe Presence of God
(Matt. 6:9; Acts 7:56; 1 Pet. 3:22)A Place
(John 14:2-3; Acts 1:9-11; 7:55-56)Pleasure
(Luke 22:18; Rev. 19:9; 21:4)Purity Praise
(Rev. 21:27) (Rev. 19:1-8)Hell
(Luke 16:22-28; Rev. 14:9-11)Separation from God
(Matthew 25:41)Intense Suffering
(Matthew 25:30; Mark 9:43) Eternal Duration
(Mt. 25:41,46; Mk. 9:43, 48; Rv. 20:10)Rewards
(Matthew 6:20; Luke 19:11-27; 1 Cor. 3:10-15; 2 Cor. 5:10)
The Judgements(Hebrews 9:27)
Bema Seat of Christ (B)(1 Cor. 3:10-15; 2 Cor. 5:10)
Judgement of Believer’s WorksJudgment of Nations (N)
(Matthew 25:31-46)Judgment of Gentile Nations
Great White Throne (G)(Revelation 20:10-15)
Final Judgment ofSatan and Unbelievers
These Judgments are distinct and yet may occur at the same time.
The Resurrections(1 Corinthians 15:1-58)
Christ(Rom. 6:9; Col. 1:18; 1 Cor. 15:23)
“Firstborn from The Dead”Resurrection of the Saved
(Dan. 12:2; 1 Th. 4:16; Rev. 20:4)OT & NT Saints before TribulationMartyred Tribulations Saints After
Resurrection of the Lost(Jn. 5:29; Rev. 20:11-14)
Unredeemed Dead of All Timebefore the Great White Throne
A Real Physical Body(Luke 24:39 & Rom 6:4-6)
Pre-Tribulation Rapture(Dispensational Pre-Millennialism)
ChurchAge
Raptureof Church
Returnof Christ
Tribulation(7 Years)
Millennium(1000 Years) Et
ernity
Distinctives•Consistent Literal Interpretation•Church “kept out of” Tribulation
Post-Tribulation Rapture(Historic Premillennialism)
ChurchAge
Rapture &
Return
Tribulation(7 Years?)
Millennium(1000 Years?) Et
ernity
Distinctives•Consistent Literary Interpretation•Church “kept through” Tribulation
Mid-Tribulation Rapture(Pre-Wrath Rapture)
ChurchAge
Rapture
Returnof Christ
Tribulation(7 Years)
Millennium(1000 Years) Et
ernity
Distinctives•Church experiences Tribulation•Church “kept out of” God’s Wrath
God’s Wrath
31/2 31/2
(G)(N)(B)
(G)(B/N)
(G)(N)(B)
The Biblical CovenantsAbrahamic
(Gen. 15,17,22)Land (P)Seed (D)
Nations Blessed (N)
Palestinian(Lev. 26; Deut. 28-30)
Obedience-BlessingDisobedience-DisciplineRepentance-Restoration
Davidic(2 Sam. 7; Ps. 89)
Eternal HouseEternal Throne
Eternal Kingdom
New(Jer. 31:31-34)
ForgivenessIndwelling Spirit
Perpetual Presence
Faithful worshippers gather as a sacred assembly
of God’s people.
Gathering
Leviticus 23:23-24
The LORD said to Moses, “Say to the Israelites: ‘On the first day of the seventh month you are to have a day of sabbath rest, a sacred assembly commemorated with trumpet blasts.’”
Leviticus 23:23-24
Gathering
Derek Tidball
The seventh month of the year had great significance for the Israelites. It would have been the lightest month in the agricultural year and therefore gave the opportunity for some “time out.” But it's real significance lay in the fact that seven was the number for perfection, and several celebratory events fall during this month. The Feast of Trumpets heads the list.
Trumpets
Trumpet Blasts (רּוע)
The word simply means “shout or make a loud sound.”
The sound can be either with the human voice or with a musical instrument.
It is closely associated with a battlefield call to action as well as an announcement of
either victory or defeat.
Shofar
Since Tishri included the Day of Atonement and the Feast of Tabernacles, this call to assembly brought people together for all three occasions.
Allen Ross
Trumpets
Faithful worshippers gather to remember their redemption
and renew their commitment to the LORD.
Renewal
Leviticus 23:25
The trumpets awakened the people to the season of repentance and pardon and restoration.
Allen Ross
Trumpets
“Do no regular work, but present a food offering to the LORD.”
Leviticus 23:25
Renewal
The trumpet in the Old Testament represented the voice of God calling to His people. Thus, whenever the people heard the sacred trumpets, they recognize, as it were, the voice of God. At the blast, they gathered for some sacred purpose.
Allen Ross
Trumpets
Listen, I tell you a mystery: We will not all sleep, but we will all be changed—in a flash, in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trumpet. For the trumpet will sound, the dead will be raised imperishable, and we will be changed.
1 Corinthians 15:51-52
Fulfillment in Christ
For the Lord himself will come down from heaven, with a loud command, with the voice of the archangel and with the trumpet call of God, and the dead in Christ will rise first. After that, we who are still alive and are left will be caught up together with them in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air. And so we will be with the Lord forever. Therefore encourage one another with these words.
1 Thessalonians 4:16-18
Fulfillment in Christ
Christ will fulfill the Feast of Trumpets
when God’s people are gathered to Him at the end of the age.
Timing
1 Thessalonians 4:13-18
The Old Testament Feast of Trumpets
brought the harvest to a close and ushered in a new year
for God’s people.
Timing
The New Testament Feast of Trumpets
will bring the current age to a close and usher in a new age
in the plan of God.
Timing
Christ will come with the sound of trumpets to gather His people to Him and celebrate the fullness
of God’s blessing.
Principle
1 Thessalonians 4:13-18
Trumpet blasts signal a time of judgment
and bring the harvest of believers to an end.
Principle
Revelation 8–11
Trumpet Blasts for Judgment Blow the trumpet in Zion; sound the alarm on my holy hill.
Let all who live in the land tremble, for the day of the LORD is coming.
It is close at hand— a day of darkness and gloom, a day of clouds and blackness.
Like dawn spreading across the mountains a large and mighty army comes, such as never was in ancient times
nor ever will be in ages to come. Before them fire devours, behind them a flame blazes.
Before them the land is like the garden of Eden, behind them, a desert waste—nothing escapes them.
Joel 2:1-3
Trumpet Blasts for Judgment That day will be a day of wrath—
a day of distress and anguish, a day of trouble and ruin, a day of darkness and gloom,
a day of clouds and blackness— a day of trumpet and battle cry
against the fortified cities and against the corner towers.
Zephaniah 1:15-16
The Revelation of Jesus Christ
John1. Both John and his brother, James,
were Galilean fishermen. They worked for their father, Zebedee, who was prosperous enough to have hired hands (Mk 1:19-20).
2. John has been banished to the island of Patmos because of his witness (Rev.1:9) and he is writing what he saw and heard in a vision (Rev. 1:10).
3. John seems to have had some pastoral responsibility for the seven churches in Asia to whom he writes. These churches are relatively close to each other and form a circuit.
4. John is writing in apocalyptic form which uses powerful and vivid images to present spiritual truth.
5. The numbers four, seven, twelve and their multiples appear frequently adding to the intrigue of the book.
Johannine Literature
Jesus Is the Coming King - Be Encouraged and Endure Patiently
John, writing by divine command, recorded the revelation of Jesus Christ–past, present and future (1:19)–in vivid imagery for the Asian Churches demonstrating the ongoing and future ultimate victory of Christ over Satan,
who was responsible for the persecution they were enduring, in order to encourage them to remain faithful because Christ will be the victor in history and that they are a part of God’s victorious plan.
Interpreting RevelationPRETERIST VIEW
Revelation portrays events in the first century in an apocalyptic form.
HISTORICIST VIEWRevelation is a picture of the unfolding history
of the current church age.
IDEALIST VIEWRevelation is a picture of the ongoing spiritual
battle between good and evil.
FUTURIST VIEWRevelation is an unveiling of future/apocalyp-
tic events bringing history to a climax.
ECLECTIC VIEWRevelation is written to a specific historical audience with ideal and future elements.
“Things You Have Seen”
Ken Wilson 2014
The Gospel of John The Revelation of JohnThe Epistles of John
Prolog
ue: In
trodu
ction
to th
e Visi
on -
1:1-8
The V
ision o
f the E
xalted
Chris
t - 1:9
-20
1:1 1:20Th
e Thro
ne of
God
- 4:1
-11Th
e Wort
hy Lam
b - 5:
1-14
The S
even S
eal Ju
dgem
ents
The S
even T
rumpe
t Judg
emen
ts - 8
:1-9:2
2PA
RENT
HESIS
:
The S
eventh
Trum
pet -
11:15
-19
The B
east: P
olitic
al Le
ader
- 13:1
-10Th
e Fals
e Prop
het -
Relig
ious L
eader
- 13:1
1-18
INTE
RLUD
E: Wi
tnesse
s and
Ang
els -
14:1-2
0Se
ven A
ngels
with
Seven
Plag
ues -
15:1-
8
The C
ity: P
olitic
al Ba
bylon
- 18:
1-24
PARE
NTHE
SIS: H
allelu
jah in
Heav
en -
19:1-1
0AR
MAGE
DDON
: Th
e Seco
nd A
dven
t of C
hrist
- 19:1
1-21
The M
illenn
ial Re
ign of
Chri
st - 2
0:1-10
The R
iver o
f Life
- 22
:1-5
The F
inal Ju
dgem
ent a
t the G
reat W
hite T
hrone
- 20
:11-15
ChristJesus
Exalted
2:1 3:22
Messa
ge to
the S
even C
hurch
es - 2
:1-3:2
2
“Things Which Are” “Things Which Shall Be Hereafter”
Jesus Speaking Jesus Judging and Worshipped
Church Tribulation Millenium Eternity
Jesus Ruling
20:1 20:15 21:1 22:214:1 19:21
Trumpet blasts signal a time of reunion
and refreshment as believers are gathered into the presence of God.
Principle
1 Thessalonians 4:13-18; 1 Corinthians 15:51-52
We now listen for the trumpet call, which may be figurative for the resounding clarion call from the voice of God throughout the heavens announcing the beginning of the final stages of God’s program of redemption.
Allen Ross
Trumpets
For the Lord himself will come down from heaven, with a loud command, with the voice of the archangel and with the trumpet call of God, and the dead in Christ will rise first. After that, we who are still alive and are left will be caught up together with them in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air. And so we will be with the Lord forever. Therefore encourage one another with these words.
1 Thessalonians 4:16-18
Fulfillment in Christ
Listen, I tell you a mystery: We will not all sleep, but we will all be changed—in a flash, in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trumpet. For the trumpet will sound, the dead will be raised imperishable, and we will be changed.
1 Corinthians 15:51-52
Fulfillment in Christ
God calls His people away from their earthly focus
to join the saints in His presence where they worship Him
wholeheartedly.
Leviticus: Windows into the Heart of God
Windows into the Heart of God
LEVITICUS