24 civil war medicine and prisons (11)
TRANSCRIPT
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Medical Medical TreatmentTreatment
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Video
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WoundedWounded What happened to the wounded?What happened to the wounded?
– Friends cared for them the best they couldFriends cared for them the best they could Serious Wounds?Serious Wounds?
– Ambulances later in the warAmbulances later in the war– Field hospitalsField hospitals
• Initial surgeriesInitial surgeries
– Convalescent HospitalsConvalescent Hospitals• RecuperateRecuperate• Home or back to UnitHome or back to Unit
Death rates were very high – disease the Death rates were very high – disease the primary killerprimary killer
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AmbulancesAmbulances
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CSA Field CSA Field HospitalHospital
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HospitalsHospitals Soldiers avoided Field Soldiers avoided Field
HospitalsHospitals–High Death RatesHigh Death Rates–Southern Death Rates Southern Death Rates were Worsewere Worse•Fewer Medical SuppliesFewer Medical Supplies
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Army Square Army Square HospitalHospital
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Harewood Harewood HospitalHospital
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Douglas Douglas HospitalHospital
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ChimborazoChimborazo
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SurgeonsSurgeons
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MedicinesMedicines Most CommonMost Common
–AlcoholAlcohol•AbuseAbuse
Blue MassBlue Mass–Mercury and ChalkMercury and Chalk
QuinineQuinine
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DiseaseDisease Dysentery (Chronic Diarrhea) Dysentery (Chronic Diarrhea)
killed more soldiers than battlekilled more soldiers than battle ExampleExample
–3 month case of diarrhea3 month case of diarrhea–Went to hospital - lead acetate, Went to hospital - lead acetate, opium, sulfuric acid, etc.opium, sulfuric acid, etc.
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DiseaseDisease Soldier died within 2 Soldier died within 2 weeks of treatmentweeks of treatment
12th Connecticut 12th Connecticut RegimentRegiment–1,000 troops1,000 troops–Only 600 by first battleOnly 600 by first battle
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AmputationsAmputations Accounted for 75% of all Accounted for 75% of all operationsoperations–Little Sanitation - used Little Sanitation - used same saw and knifesame saw and knife
48Hour Rule48Hour Rule–Twice as successfulTwice as successful
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AmputeesAmputees
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Anesthesia Anesthesia
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AmputatioAmputationn
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PrisonsPrisons
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Prisoner Prisoner ExchangeExchange
Prisoners were exchanged Prisoners were exchanged early in the warearly in the war– Point systemPoint system
Later, Grant stopped the Later, Grant stopped the systemsystem– He could replace men, South He could replace men, South
couldn’tcouldn’t– Consequences. . . . Consequences. . . .
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SouthernSouthern AndersonvilleAndersonville
–By far the Worst of the warBy far the Worst of the war–However, CSA didn’t have However, CSA didn’t have enough food for citizens enough food for citizens •Prisoners were not a priorityPrisoners were not a priority•Conditions could have been Conditions could have been better, however.better, however.
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AndersonvilleAndersonville
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AndersonvilleAndersonville Central GeorgiaCentral Georgia Commander - WirzCommander - Wirz 26 acres enclosed by 15 26 acres enclosed by 15
foot fencefoot fence–Intended to house 10,000Intended to house 10,000–Housed 32,000 by 8-1864Housed 32,000 by 8-1864
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AndersonvilleAndersonville Only one small stream for Only one small stream for
waterwater– Drinking, bathing, latrineDrinking, bathing, latrine– Drought caused diseaseDrought caused disease
DeathsDeaths– 45,000 total confined45,000 total confined– 13,000 died13,000 died
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No No Man’s Man’s LandLand
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AndersonvilAndersonvillele
SurvivorSurvivor
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Wirz ExecutionWirz Execution
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ElmiraElmiraNew YorkNew YorkWorst Union CampWorst Union Camp
–UnnecessaryUnnecessary–25% death rate25% death rate–Twice the second-worst Twice the second-worst Union campUnion camp
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(H)Elmira(H)Elmira
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ElmiraElmira Commander - Payback for Commander - Payback for
AndersonvilleAndersonville RationsRations
– Cut to Bread and WaterCut to Bread and Water– Scurvy and MalnutritionScurvy and Malnutrition
Southerners sent uniforms and Southerners sent uniforms and blanketsblankets– Union commander burned blankets and Union commander burned blankets and
clothes sent unless grayclothes sent unless gray