24 feb 2009itcn 1 introduction to computer networking m clements
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24 Feb 2009 ITCN 3 This Week Other ways to login to a router TELNET, Console cable DCE and DTE Serial Data Links Saving router configurations TFTP serverTRANSCRIPT
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24 Feb 2009 ITCN1
Introduction to Computer Networking
M Clements
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24 Feb 2009ITCN2
Last Week ………
Virtual Week All outstanding work completed Hopefully!
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24 Feb 2009ITCN3
This Week
Other ways to login to a routerTELNET, Console cableDCE and DTESerial Data Links Saving router configurationsTFTP server
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24 Feb 2009ITCN4
Logging into a router
Packet Tracer is TOO easy In a real situation, logging into a router will need to be
setup as part of configuration Off the shelf, you MUST login via a console cable and
a PC Console cable is often flat, blue and connected to the
RS232 (serial port) of a PC and the Console port of the router
Use a program such as hyperterminal
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24 Feb 2009ITCN5
Establishing a Hyperterminal Session
All Cisco routers include an EIA/TIA-232 asynchronous serial console port (RJ-45).
Cables and adapters are needed to connect a console terminal (an ASCII terminal or PC running terminal emulation software) to the console port.
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24 Feb 2009ITCN6
Using TELNET to login
TELNET is also commonly used Need to set up the TELNET line on the router 5 TELNET lines possible 0 – 4 Can be configured together or separately Need a TELNET password or no
communication is possible Remember TELNET is insecure
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24 Feb 2009ITCN7
Password Configuration
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24 Feb 2009ITCN8
Adds, Moves, and Changes
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24 Feb 2009ITCN9
Saving your Router Configuration
Can be saved to NVRAM on router Can be saved on a PC Uses Trivial File Transfer Protocol TFTP Must configure a TFTP server on PC first Limited functionality given Always put server root in C:\
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24 Feb 2009ITCN10
Using the copy running-config tftp Command
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24 Feb 2009ITCN11
Using the copy tftp running-config Command
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24 Feb 2009ITCN12
Long distance Data Transfer
Ethernet has limited range so can’t be used Must use another service E.g. modem, frame-relay, ATM Need to change line coding, voltages etc Line converter must be used Can be onboard router or external device Carries our data, but in a different format Translated back at far end of link
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24 Feb 2009ITCN13
Crossing Distances
PC works using parallel buses Cannot use parallel for long distances Cable cost increases greatly Skew problems occur Solution is serial i.e. bit by bit
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24 Feb 2009ITCN14
Parallel Data Transfer
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24 Feb 2009ITCN15
Serial Data Transfer
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24 Feb 2009ITCN16
DCE Data Circuit-Terminating Equipment or
Data Communication Equipment A DCE terminates a network circuit Converts bits received from the DTE to the
proper bit encoding for the network DCE provides bit clocking for the DTE DCE equipment includes modems,
CSUs/DSUs and switch interfaces
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24 Feb 2009ITCN17
DTE Data Terminal Equipment Strictly the interface between PC parallel
circuitry and a serial device Serial devices: modem, CSU/ DSU Router serial interface is DTE PCs serial port is DTE
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24 Feb 2009ITCN18
Identifying DTE and DCE
• DCE always has to be at each end of a long-distance or WAN link
•It converts serial data from PC to line voltages, coding etc used on the long-distance link
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24 Feb 2009ITCN19
Serial cablesSerial cables
Each cable has a DCE end and a DTE endEach cable has a DCE end and a DTE end
Clearly marked – do not mix upClearly marked – do not mix up
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24 Feb 2009ITCN20
Summary
Login via TELNET or Console cable Setup console & TELNET passwords first DCEs always go in pairs at each end of a long
distance data connection DTE is serial connection on PC/ router Can use a TFTP server to
– save or load configurations– Upgrade IOS version