1. CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE A. Theoretical Review 1. Teaching Reading Comprehension a. Definition of Reading Reading is one the linguistic skill that people should have in order to communicate in English fluently. According to Mc Donough and Shaw, reading is one of the most important skills. Reading is the ability to draw meaning from the printed page and interpret this information appropriately1 . As states in verse 1-5 of surah Al-Alaq that reading becomes something important because it was the first commandment all at once, the first divine revelation to prophet Muhammad SAW:2 Read in the name of your lord who created, created man from clots of congealed blood. Read! Your lord is the most bountiful One, who taught by the pen, taught man what did not know. (QS. Al-Alaq 1-5)3 The verses above explain about reading is very important part on the teaching knowledge it is means that reading is one of important skill for our life. In fact, nearly all children begin school with the expectation they will learn to read. According to Goodman he has described: reading is a receptive language process. It is a psycholinguistic process in that it starts with a linguistics surface representation encoded by a writer and ends with meaning which the readers construct. There is thus as essential interaction between language and thought reading. The writer encodes thought as language and the reader decodes language to thought 4 1 William Grabe and Fredricka L. Stoller, Teaching and Researching Reading (England: Pearson Education, 2002), p. 9. 2 Depag RI, Al-Quran dan Terjemahnya 30 Juz, (solo : PT Qomari Prima Publisher, 2007), p. 904 3 Mahmud Y, Zayid, The Qoran: An English Translation of The Meaning of The Quran, (Libanon: Dar al-Chaura, 1980), p. 457 8

2. Rusydi Ahmad Thoimah defines reading as follow:5