3 g to 4g transformation
TRANSCRIPT
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3G to 4G Transformation
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Agenda
Evolution & Background Key Technologies 3GPP requirements for convergence Network Architecture
(GSM/GPRS/HSPA/LTE) Comparison Time Line of LTE
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Wireless Access Evolution & Background
New ServicesNew Services EfficiencyEfficiency More Data More Data
Services Services requiredrequired
Broadband
Subscribers
Voice
CoverageCoverage MobilityMobility
Voice Voice QualityQuality
PortabilityPortability CapacityCapacity Data ServiceData Service
BroadbandBroadband Network Network
SimplificationSimplification Cost of Cost of
OwnershipOwnership
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Telephony
WWW @
Office
TV
MobileHome
Mobile Triple Play- Telephony, Data and Video/TV
delivered by 3G networks
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Key Technologies
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Two Key technologies are evolving to meet the Wireless Broadband Requirements
802.11n(smart antennas)802.11Mesh extns.
Loca
l Are
aFi
xed
Wid
e A
rea
Mob
ile
Cov
erag
e/M
obili
tyM
etro
Are
aN
omad
ic
802.16(Fixed LOS)
802.16a/d(Fixed NLOS)
802.11b/a/g
Mobile Industry
Fixed Wireless Industry
4G Air Interfaces
Data Rates (kbps)100,000 +
GSM UMTS HSPAGPRS EDGE LTE 3GPP
MOBILE BROADBAND
DSL ExperienceDial Up
Higher Data Rate / Lower Cost per Bit
802.16e(Mobile WIMAX)
Fibre Experience
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Goal of LTE/Converge Networks
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What is 3GPP and LTE
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What is 3GPP? 3GPP stands for 3rd Generation Partnership Project It is a partnership of 6 regional SDOs (Standards Development Organizations)
These SDOs take 3GPP specifications and transpose them to regional standards
Japan
USA
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Towards LTE
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3G Technologies Overview
3GPP : UMTS Phase 1 (3GPP release 5) : HSDPA service, Phase 2 (3GPP release 6):HSUPA Uplink high-speed data Phase 3 :(3GPP release 7) HSPA+ Capacity Improvements in
UL and DL, above 10 Mbps Next-Generation Cellular System (in about 2010) (LTE)
Release 8 100 Mbps DL and 50 Mbps UL full-mobility wide area coverage 1 Gbps low-mobility local area coverage
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LTE Access LTE radio access
Downlink: OFDM Uplink: SC-FDMA
Advanced antenna solutions Diversity Beam-forming Multi-layer transmission (MIMO)
Spectrum flexibility Flexible bandwidth New and existing bands Duplex flexibility: FDD and TDD
20 MHz1.4 MHz
TX TX
SC-FDMA
OFDMA
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Network Architecture (GSM/GPRS/HSPA/LTE)
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Architecture’s
GSM Basic Blocks GSM Voice Call GSM Data Call HSPA LTE
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GSM Architecture Overview A GSM system is made up of three subsystems:
The mobile station (MS) The Base station subsystem (BSS) The Network and switching subsystem (NSS)
The interfaces defined between each of these sub systems include:
“A” interface between NSS and BSS “Abis” interface between BSC and BTS (Within the BSS) “Um” air interface between the BSS and the MS
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MSC
OMO
PSTNFixed Network
BSC
BSC
GSM Voice Network
Only Voice Call
HSCS9.6 Kp/s
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GSM Architecture
Abis Interface
Interface
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GSM Voice and Data Call Architecture
Voice Calls Path
Data Calls Path
Packet Data14.4 Kp/s
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Terminology Update
EPC = Evolved Packet core (earlier SAE=System Architecture Evolution).
e UTRAN = Evolved UTRAN (earlier LTERAN = Long Term Evolution).
EPS = Evolved Packet Systems including EPC and Terminals.
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Evolution Path Architecture
The control plane and the user plane communicate with each other simultaneously
Node B communicates with RNC which in turn communicates with SGSN and GGSN
Yesterday
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Evolution Path Architecture
Node B Can now bypass the SGSN through the user plane.
The pay load (user plane) from Node B is now routed directly to the gateway
Today
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Evolution Path Architecture
The pay load is to be directed to a tunnel (eUTRAN)
Payload goes directly from the evolved node B to the Gateway
Control plane is directed at the Mobility management end.
Tomorrow
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LTE Architecture
eNB eNB
eNB
MME/UPE MME/UPE
S1
X2
X2
X2
EPC
E-UTRAN
Evolved Packet Core
MME/UPE = Mobility Management Entity/User Plane Entity
eNB = eNodeB
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Evolved Packet Switching Network Architecture
MME
P-GW/S-GW
MME MME
P-GW/S-GW P-GW/S-GW P-GW/S-GW
LTE NODE B LTE NODE B LTE NODE B
LTE NODE BLTE NODE B
S11
S1-Cp
X2
Gi
Interfaces
Air Interface
E
P
C
EUTRAN
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2G Towards 3G Networks
GGSN
IP networks
SGSN
IuGb
2G 3G
BSC
BTS
RNC
Node B
HLR
PCRFGr
Gi
Iur
Gx
Only PS Domain shown
Gn Gn
•Policy Control and Charging Rules Function (PCRF) - to manage Quality of Service (QoS) aspects
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GGSN
IP networks
SGSN
Iu CPGb
2G 3G
BSC
BTS
RNC
Node B
HLR/HSS
PCRF
Iu UP
Gr
Gi
Iur
Gx
Only PS Domain shown
Gn
Optimizing the 3G/HSPA payload plane for Broadband traffic
HSPA (Higher Speed Packet Access)
10 Mb/s
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3GPP Release Timeline
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
Rel 99 Rel 4 Rel 5 Rel 6 Rel 7
2007
WCDMA
2008
MSC Split
HSDPA HSPA+HSUPA
Rel 8
LTE
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LTE Offer’s Performance and capacity
DL 100 Mbps AND UL 50 Mbps
Simplicity Flexible Bandwidths (5Mhz-20Mhz),FDD and TDDplug-and-play Devicesself-configuration Devicesself-optimization Devices
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LTE (Long Term Evolution) Radio Side (LTE – Long Term Evolution)
Improvements in spectral efficiency, user throughput, latency
Simplification of the radio network Efficient support of packet based services
Network Side (SAE – System Architecture Evolution) Improvement in latency, capacity, throughput Simplification of the core network Optimization for IP traffic and services Simplified support and handover to non-3GPP access
technologies
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Evolution of 3GPP Radio Rates
Peak Network Data Rates
1
10
100
1000
10000
100000
GPRS EDGE WCDMA HSPA HSPA+ LTE
Technology
kbits
/sec
UL
DL
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LTE Objectives Reduced cost per bit
Improve spectrum efficiency ( e.g. 2-4 x Rel6) Reduce cost of backhaul (transmission in UTRAN)
Increased service provisioning – more services at lower cost with better user experience
Focus on delivery of services utilising ”IP” Reduce setup time and round trip time Increase the support of QoS for the various types of services
(e.g. Voice over IP) Increase peak bit rate (e.g. above 100Mbps DL and above
50Mbps UL) Allow for reasonable terminal power consumption
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LTE Secrets 2 main issues have been investigated:
The physical layer The access network internal architecture
Physical layer Downlink based on OFDMA
OFDMA offers improved spectral efficiency, capacity etc Uplink based on SC-FDMA
SC-FDMA is technically similar to OFDMA but is better suited for uplink from hand-held devices
(battery power considerations) For both FDD and TDD modes
(User Equipment to support both) With Similar framing + an option for TD SCDMA
framing also Access Network consideration
For the access network it was agreed to get rid of the RNC which minimized the number of nodes
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LTE Architecture
PDN GWServing GW
MME
S1-MME S1-U
LTE
IP networks
eNodeB
SGSN
Iu CPGb
2G 3G
S3
BSC
BTS
RNC
Node B
HLR/HSS
PCRF
Iu UP
S11
Gr
S10
S6a
SGi
X2Iur
S7
Non-3GPP access
S2a/b
S4PDN GW
Serving GW
”Gateway”MMESGSN
”Mobility Server”
PCRF
HLR/HSS
”HLR/HSS”
EPC
eNode B
RBS
OSS
PA/DU Core & IMS
PA/DU Radio
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Core Nodes of LTE Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN) - to provide connections for
GERAN (GSM Radio Access Network) and UTRAN Networks (UMTS Terrestrial Radio
Access Network) Serving Gateway - to terminate the interface toward the 3GPP radio-access networks
PDN Gateway - to control IP data services like routing, addressing, policy enforcing and providing access to non-3GPP access networks
Mobility Management Entity (MME) - to manage control plane context, authentication and authorization
3GPP anchor - to manage mobility for 2G/3G and LTE systems
SAE anchor - to manage mobility for non 3GPP RATs
Policy Control and Charging Rules Function (PCRF) - to manage Quality of Service (QoS) aspects
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PDN GWServing GW
MME
S1-MME S1-U
LTE
IP networks
eNodeB
SGSN
Iu CPGb
2G 3G
S3
BSC
BTS
RNC
Node B
HLR/HSS
PCRF
Iu UP
S11
Gr
S10
S6a
SGi
X2Iur
S7
Non-3GPP access
S2a/b
The PDN and Serving GW may be separate nodes in some scenarios
(S5 in-between)Only PS Domain shown
S4
From 3GPP to LTE/SAE
PDN Gateway - to control IP data services like routing, addressing, policy enforcing and providing access to non-3GPP access networks
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Comparison
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+ True high-speed mobile data
+ Full-motion HD video anywhere
+ Stream any content
+ Mobile peer2peer & Web 2.0
(Networking)
+ Triple play
EDGE
EVDO-AHSDPA
LTEFiber
ADSL-2+
ADSL
Mbps
40-100MbpsFiber like speed on mobile
Comparison with Speed
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+ Spectral efficiencyBetter utilization of spectrum available
+ Low frequency, Advanced Receivers and Smart AntennaFor improved coverage and reduced cost of ownership
+ Increased CapacityMuch higher user and sector throughput for lower individual cost service delivery
+ Simpler RAN, IP Core & Centralized service deliveryFewer nodes & interfaces (Node-B/RNC/Gateway) One Network & IMS for all access technologies
+ Connect to legacy coresExisting network asset investment protection
+ 3GPP/2 Market tractionEconomy of scale
LTE VoIP cost*
UMTS rel.99 voice call cost$
10%
3GPP subscribers 85% market share
Predicted LTE VoIP voice call cost* - Sound Partners Limited Research
Comparison Cost
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10-5msec latencyHighly Responsive Multimedia
+ Improved user experience
+ Fast VoIP call set-up
+ Instantaneous web pages
+ Streaming fast buffering
+ Online mobile gamingEDGE
EVDO-AHSDPA
LTEFiber
ADSL-2+
ADSL
Response Time
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LTE Time Line
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3G- R’99HSPA
HSPA Evolution
LTE
2002 2005 2008/2009 2009
384 kbps 3.6 Mbps 21/28/42 Mbps ~150 MbpsPeak rate
2007
7/14 Mbps
Mobile broadband speed evolution
LTE Evolution
2013
1 GbpsTarget
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References
http://www.3gpp.org/ http://www.radio-electronics.com http://www.ericsson.com/technology/whitepap
ers/lte_overview.pdf http://www.ngmn.org/
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Thank you