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Start...

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Four Stroke, Two StrokeDiesel, & Wankel Engine

Theory and Operation

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Four Stroke, Two Stroke,

Diesel, & Wankel TheoryPresentation Outline

1.0 Four Stroke Engine Theory• Internal o!"ustion priniples

• #al$e operation

• Four yles

• #al$e ti!ing

%.0 Two Stroke Engine Theory• Two yle operation

• u"riation

• #ariations

• 'd$antages( li!itations !ore...

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).0 Diesel Engine Theory•Operation

•#ariations

•

'd$antages(li!itations

*.0 Wankel Engine Theory•Operation

•#ariations

•'d$antages(li!itations

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1.0 Four Stroke Engine

Theory Intake

+o!pression

ower 

E-haust

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Intake Stroke

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+o!pression Stroke

#al$es losed

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ower Stroke

#al$es losed

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E-haust Strok#al$e Ti!ing

Diagra!

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%.0 Two Stroke Engine

Theory p stroke

Down stroke

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/eed #al$e

Transer

ort

+ar"uretor 

% Stroke

p Stroke

+o!pression

ours

+rank

+ase

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Intake

ower E-haust

OursTranser ort

/eed #al$e

% Stroke

Down Stroke

+ar"uretor 

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Fuel 2i-

ses a pre!i- o gas and oil

Oil in3etors used in so!e

4or!al !i-es range ro! 1561 to

7061

Typial 8hot9 engines 1561

Typial 8ool engine9 7061

+:E+; OW4E/S 2'4'

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'd$antage o Two Strokes

/uns in any position

2ore horsepower or si=e

Fewer !o$ing parts

ighter 

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i!itations o Two Strokes

ses !ore uel than our strokes

Fuel and oil !ust "e !i-ed

lugs oul easily

oor e!issions

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).0 Diesel Engine Theory

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Introdution

•In$ented "y /udol Diesel "etween1>?% and 1>?)

• Internal +o!"ustion Engine

• /eiproating Engine• Inter!ittent +o!"ustion Engine

• tili=es li@uid uel

• +o!pression Ignition $s. Spark

Ignition

• :ea$y Duty 'ppliations

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Diesel +o!pression /atio

%061 up to %761 o!!on

4eeded to ignite uel

4o spark plugs

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 +o!pression /atios

8S@uee=e9 on air(uel !i-ture "eoreo!"ustion

Eiieny inreases with higher +/

'"out ?61 on gas autos 1A61 to %*61 or diesel engines

'"out %*61 +/ !a-6

• too high o!pression or starting

• li!iting strength o !aterials

• power lossB leakage around $al$es

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'd$antages o the Diesel

Engine• :igh relia"ility

• ow uel ost

•:igh power ( l". o engine

• ow uel onsu!ption

• ow ire ha=ard

•

:igh tor@ue at low /2• Creater heat eiienyB )0 %7 gas

• onger ser$ie inter$als

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Disad$antages o Diesel

ower 

Disad$antages o Diesel

ower  E-pensi$e to repair 

:ard starting in old weather 

:igher initial ost

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Casoline and Diesel Engine

+o!parison

Casoline and Diesel Engine

+o!parison Casoline power

stroke G *50 psiH

Diesel G 1%00psi Diesel heat

eiieny a"out

7 higher than

gasoline

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Indution Syste!

:igh ressure

In3etion Spray

In3etion

ine

In3etor Deli$ering

Fuel

'ir Only

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Clow lugs

/esistane unit to heat old engines

Installed in ylinder head, so!eti!es in

speial preBo!"ustion ha!"er  So!e use intake heaters

In addition, "lok heaters or old weather 

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Typial Diesel Engine

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*.0 Wankel Engine Theory

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History of RCE 

(Rotary Combustion Engines)

1?%* B Wankels idea or /+E

1?)) B patent was applied

1?)5 B patent reei$ed

1?7A B engine runs

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One of Three Chambers

Apex Seal

Spark Plugs

Rotor

Intake

Port

Exhaust

Port

Epitrochoidal Bore

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Rotor and Apex Seals

So!eti!es alled

a 8/otary iston9

/eei$es poweri!pulse ro! uel

air !i-ture

/otor has three

aes

'pe- seals at tipsB

like rings

'pe- Seal oation

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Epitrochoidal ore

E!ore Sa!e purpose as

the ylinder walls

o the pistonengine

Epitrohoid ur$e,

generated "y

rolling a irlearound another

irle Jasi shape o epitrohoidur$e

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/otors

Eentri

Shat

EBJore

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 Ad"antages and #imitations

Fewer !o$ing parts

Single !otion allows s!oother

running +o!pat engine, allows or !ore

spae

Few !anuaturers produe this

engine any longer 

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Su!!ery +ont

What are the !a3or dierenes in

parts "etween a % stroke & * strokeK

• orts $s. #al$es• /eed $al$e $s. #al$es

:ow is the uel ignited in a deisel

engineK• +o!pression

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Su!!ery +ont

The /otory Wankel engine useswhat type o "oreK•

EB Jore What at like rings in a rotory

engineK•

'pe- seals 'ir an "e LLLLLLLLLL, while water

an notK• +o!pressed

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The End