4 forces in one dimension

4 Forces in One Dimension BIGIDEAWrite the Big Idea for this chapter.

Use the “What I Know” column to list the things you know about the Big Idea. Then list the questions you have about the Big Idea in the “What I Want to Find Out” column. As you read the chapter, fill in the “What I Learned” column.

KWhat I Know

WWhat I Want to Find Out

LWhat I Learned

Science Notebook • Forces in One Dimension53

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4 Forces in One Dimension 1 Force and Motion

MAIN IDEAWrite the Main Idea for this section.

Recall and write the definition of the Review Vocabulary term.

acceleration

Use your book to define each term.

force

system

free-body diagram

net force

Newton’s second law

Newton’s first law

inertia

equilibrium

REVIEW VOCABULARY

acceleration

NEW VOCABULARY

force

system

free-body diagram

net force

Newton’s second law

Newton’s first law

inertia

equilibrium





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-Hill Education. Perm

ission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

Student Edition, pp. 90–91

1 Force and Motion (continued)

Describe Write a few short sentences answering each question.

What is force?

What are two types of forces?

How do you represent forces?

GET IT? Identify the cause of all accelerations.

Describe what a system is, and draw an example of one in the box below. Draw a circle around your system, and label the system and the external world.





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Identify six guidelines used to draw a free-body diagram.

GET IT? Compare the direction of an object’s acceleration with the direction of the unbalanced force exerted on the object.

Summarize what the term net force means.







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Explain what a spring scale is and how it is used.

Draw a simple straight-line graph showing Force v. Acceleration, and

explain how the graph is related to the physics equation a = Fnet _ m .

GET IT? Determine how the force exerted on an object must be changed to reduce the object’s acceleration by half.

State Newton’s second law, and write the equation for it below.





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TRY IT!

Problem

A toddler is holding a toy with a mass of 1.1 kg when another toddler decides that she wants it. The first toddler pulls horizontally with a force of 2.5 N and the second toddler pulls horizontally with a force of 3.1 N in the opposite direction. What is the horizontal acceleration of the toy?

1. ANALYZE AND SKETCH THE PROBLEM

KNOWNS UNKNOWN

m = = ?

Ffirst toddler =

Fsecond toddler =

2. SOLVE FOR THE UNKNOWN

Fnet = Ffirst toddler + Fsecond toddler

Use Newton’s second law.

3. EVALUATE THE ANSWER

• Does the sign make sense?

Student Edition, p. 97

Use with Example Problem 1

Use this column for

scratch work and

sketches.






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Fill in the blanks about Newton’s first law.

According to Newton’s first law, an object at will remain

at , and an object that is moving will continue to move

in a straight line with constant , if and only if the net force

acting on that object is . Newton’s first law is sometimes

called the law of . If the net force on an object is zero, then

the object is in .

Apply Imagine a rock moving in space with no forces acting on it. According to Newton's first law, what will happen to the rock?

Student Edition, p. 98–99


SUMMARIZE

How does the MAINIDEA for this section relate to the chapter’s BIGIDEA?

REVIEW IT !

12. MAINIDEA Identify each of the following as either a, b, or c: mass, inertia, the push of a hand, friction, air resistance, spring force, gravity, and acceleration.

a. contact force

b. a field force

c. not a force





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13. Free-Body Diagram Draw a free-body diagram of a bag of sugar being lifted by your hand at an increasing speed. Specifically identify the system. Use subscripts to label all forces with their agents. Remember to make the arrows the correct lengths.

14. Free-Body Diagram Draw a free-body diagram of a water bucket being lifted by a rope at a decreasing speed. Specifically identify the system. Label all forces with their agents and make the arrows the correct lengths.

15. Critical Thinking A force of 1 N is the only horizontal force exerted on a block, and the horizontal acceleration of the block is measured. When the same horizontal force is the only force exerted on a second block, the horizontal acceleration is three times as large. What can you conclude about the masses of the two blocks?





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4 forces in one dimension

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