Eng101Reading discussion

Other punctuation

Other punctuation

ParenthesisDO NOT OVERUSE!!!

• Use to enclose supplemental material, minor

digressions, and afterthoughts

o Some of my cousins (Bill, Wesley, David, Hartley,

Melissa, and Kacey) were at my party.

• Use to enclose letters or numbers labeling items in a

series

o Regulations stipulated that only the following

equipment could be used on the survival mission:

(1) knife, (2) thirty feet of parachute line, (3) a

book of matches, and (4) two ponchos.

Dash

• Use to set off parenthetical material that deserves

emphasis

o My grandmother bought me a puppy – an

adorable little bulldog – for my birthday!

• Use to set off appositives that contain commas

o An appositive is a noun or noun phrase that

renames a nearby noun. They are usually set off

with commas, but when the appositive itself

contains commas, a pair of dashes helps

readers see the importance of all pauses.

o My best friends – Amani, Catherine, Erin, Kai, and

Lola – are here.

type word, space, dash, dash, space, next word, and Word will do it automatically

Dash

• Use to introduce a list, a restatement, an amplification,

or a dramatic shift in tone or thought

• (basically can replace a colon, but colons are more

formal and less dramatic than a dash)

• Only use if there is a specific reason for its use (don’t

want unnecessary choppiness)

o In my hometown, people’s basic needs include the

following items – sesame seed oil, honey, safflower

oil, and that half-liquid “peanuts only” peanut butter.

Brackets• Use to enclose any words/phrases that have been

inserted into an otherwise word-for-word quotation

o Audubon reports that “if there are not enough young

to balance deaths, the end of the species [California

condor] is inevitable” (4).

• The Latin word “sic” in brackets indicates that an error in

a quoted sentence appears in the original source.

• Do NOT overuse because calling attention to others’

mistakes can appear snobbish.

o According to the review, Nelly Fortado’s performance

was brilliant, “exceeding [sic] the expectations of

even her most loyal fans.”

Brackets• Use to enclose any words/phrases that have been

inserted into an otherwise word-for-word quotation

o Audubon reports that “if there are not enough young

to balance deaths, the end of the species [California

condor] is inevitable” (4).

• The Latin word “sic” in brackets indicates that an error in

a quoted sentence appears in the original source.

• Do NOT overuse because calling attention to others’

mistakes can appear snobbish.

o According to the review, Nelly Fortado’s performance

was brilliant, “exceeding [sic] the expectations of

even her most loyal fans.”

Brackets Practice1. Lisette’s speech contained the following remark: “I

accept this medal Comal College Student of the Year

with the acknowledgment of the support of my family,

friends, and teachers.”

[Comal College Student of the Year]

2. The actor remarked, none too humbly, “When I deliver

my character’s famous speech Act I Scene 3, the

audience weeps.”

[Act I Scene 3]

Brackets Practice3. If you read the quotation from the Navy captain (see

the article entitled “Life Down Under” page 4, column

5), you will have a better understanding of life on a

submarine.

[page 4, column 5]

4. At one point in the interview, the singer responded,

“When I’m home London, England, I occasionally give

free concerts.”

[London, England]

Brackets Practice5. As part of the preparation for your trip, you will find it

immensely helpful to read about the local customs

(the “When in Rome...” section of Chapter 2 pages 18-

20).

[pages 18-20]

6. The mayor-elect then commented, “It is imperative

that we make this the proposed loop around the city

a priority of this administration.”

[the proposed loop around the city]

Brackets Practice7. The winner answered my question about the best type

of racing bicycle with “There’s no doubt that mine a

twenty-seven speed Italian bicycle is the best.”

[a twenty-seven speed Italian bicycle]

8. To get to the Connellys’ farm, you go down

Arrowhead Road (between Route 10 the turnoff is

north of Evinston and Route 52).

[the turnoff is north of Evinston]

Brackets Practice9. “Do you happen to know the year that Tony Dorsett

was awarded it the Heisman Trophy?” Luella asked.

[the Heisman Trophy]

10. Please turn to the statistics on the world population

(see page 46 Chart C) before continuing.

[Chart C]

Ellipsis Mark…

• Use to indicate that words have been deleted from an

otherwise word-for-word quotation

o The governor said, “It is very important for our

children...that the school year be extended...and that

they go to school...360 days a year” (Smith 82).

• If a full sentence or more is deleted in the middle of a

quoted passage, use a period before the three ellipsis

dots

o “If we don’t properly train, teach, or treat our growing

prison population,” says long-time reform advocate

Luis Rodriguez, “somebody else will….This may well

be the safety issue of the new century” (16).

Ellipsis Mark…

• Use to indicate a hesitation or an interruption in

speech or to suggest unfinished thoughts

o “The apartment building next door…it’s going

up in flames!” yelled Marcia.

Slash

• Use to separate two or three lines of poetry

• Add a space before and after the slash

o Roses are red / violets are blue / sugar is

sweet

• Use to separate paired terms

• Do not use space before or after slash

o Pass/fail, producer/director

oDo not use and/or, he/she, is/or

o Rewrite instead

Hyphen

• Use the dictionary to see if whether or not a

word is hyphenated or compound

oWater-repellent, waterproof, water table

• Use when two or more words are used together

as an adjective before a noun

o Richa Gupta is not yet a well-known

candidate.

• Do not use to connect –ly adverbs to words they

modify

oWRONG: A slowly-moving truck tied up traffic

Hyphen

• Hyphenate fractions and certain numbers when

they are spelled out

oOne-fourth

• Use with the prefixes all-, ex-, and self-

o Self-help

• Use with the suffix -elect

o President-elect

Hyphen

• Use in certain words to avoid ambiguity or to

separate awkward double or triple letters

o Re-creation and recreation

oAnti-intellectual (double i)

oCross-stitch (double s)

Hyphen Practice1. In the story, the villain dies from a self inflicted wound.

Self-inflicted

2. Bill Bradley is an ex basketball player.

Ex-basketball

3. Governor elect Rousseau was born right here in our

town.

Governor-elect

4. The Assad family left Istanbul on a bitterly cold day.

correct

Hyphen Practice5. Have you hear that only forty two percent of the

people in this area favor a bike trail?

Forty-two

7. Did you know that manatees have trouble hearing

low frequency sounds?

Low-frequency

8. At this location today, one hundred and three people

have registered to vote.

correct

9. Elissa is looking for an oil free moisturizing liquid.

Oil-free

Freewriting• Given a topic

• Write for given time

• Do not stop writing…if you get stuck, pick a word

and just keep writing it until your next thought

comes through

Freewriting• Teachers should follow the same confidentiality

guidelines as lawyers and doctors.

• Illegal immigrants should have the same rights and

benefits as American citizens.

Choose a statement. Write your opinion.

Apply your assigned argumentative element to each of the following readings. Be prepared to extensively discuss your findings with the class.

• Marissa Brown – “Teacher Natalie Munroe Has a Right to Call Kids Lazy and Rude”

• Jonathan Zimmerman – “When Teachers Talk out of School”• Byron York – “A Carefully Crafted Immigration Law in Arizona”• Conor Friedersdorf – “Immigration Policy Gone Loco”

• Purpose & AudienceAziz, Mieah, Ashley C., Cody

• The rational appealDavid, Daishawna, Danny, Brittany

• The emotional appealAshley B., Cassie, Tony, Summer

• The ethical appeal & Ethical issuesNaudya, Cambria, Corrine, Zach

• Fallacies & Reasoning strategiesRobert, Pauline, Kaprielle

Meet in the following groups. Share your knowledge of

your previously assigned element with the group.

The purpose is for all group members to fully

understand all of the elements in each of the

readings.

Jigsaw!

Argument Analysis• Choose ONE of the readings

• Write a 3-4 page essay discussing the effectiveness

of the author’s causation techniques

o Writing process; MLA format

o Introduction

o Body paragraphs

o Conclusion

o Grammar & mechanics

• (optional) Rough draft conferences – Thurs. 4/14

• Peer review rough drafts – Tues 4.19

• Final copy due – Thurs 4/21