4g wireless networks
DESCRIPTION
4GTRANSCRIPT
4G Wireless Networks
Sharath Kumar NI sem M.Tech, CS&E
Dept of ISE, DSCE.
Outline : History
Limitations of 3G
4G
Why 4G is needed?
Standards
Scope in 4G
Challenges
Conclusion
ReferencesDept of ISE,DSCE
Dept of ISE,DSCE
1G
Implemented in 1980s
Analog Signals
AMPSNMTTACS
HISTORY:
AMPS – Advanced Mobile Phone SystemNMT – Nordic Mobile Telephone TACS – Total Access Communications System
Dept of ISE,DSCE
2G
Implemented in 1991s
Digital Signals
GSMCDMATDMA
(Contd..)
Digital data services such as SMS & email
2.5G: 2.5G is a stepping stone between 2G and 3G cellular wireless
technologies.
Second and a half generation is used to describe 2G-systems that
have implemented a packet switched domain in addition to the
circuit switched domain.
Introduction of General Packet Radio Service(GPRS).
GPRS could provide data rates from 56 kbit/s up to 115 kbit/s. It
can be used for services such as WAP , MMS and for Internet
access.Dept of ISE,DSCE
(Contd..)
Dept of ISE,DSCE
3G
Design started in 1992&
Implemented in 2001
Simultaneous use of speech and data services
CDMA2000UMTSEDGE
Data rates upto 2Mbit/s
(Contd..)
Video on demandVideo conferencing
Mobile Internet accessMobile TV
3G can support multimedia internet type services at high data rates up
to 384kb/s for moving up to 2Mb/s in limited coverage area.
Difficult to roam across distinct service environment in different
frequency bands.
To ensure connection ubiquity together with high bandwidth and
mobility, the network architecture must be heterogeneous rather than
homogeneous.
It is difficult to provide full range of services with different QoS and
performance requirements.
Dept of ISE,DSCE
Limitations of 3G:
4G: 4G has no formal definition yet, but is described as MAGIC
Mobile multimedia
Anytime anywhere
Global mobility support
Integrated wireless solution
Customized personal service
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4G sets the peak download speed at 100Mbit/s for high
mobility devices and 1 Gbit/s for low mobility devices.
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(Contd…)
Dept of ISE,DSCE
Why 4G is needed?
High performance.
Interoperability & easy roaming.
Fully converged services.
Crisis-Management applications.
Devices :more user friendly interface.
Scalability.
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4G wireless standards:
Dept of ISE,DSCE
There are two standards which are considered:
1. LTE (Long Term Evolution):
radio technology designed to increase the
capacity and speed of mobile telephone
networks.
provides downlink peak rates of at least
100 Mbps, an uplink of at least 50 Mbps.
integration with older technology such as
GSM,UMTS,CDMA2000 is easier.
(Contd..)
2. WIMAX(Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) :
is a telecommunications protocol that provides fixed and
fully mobile Internet access.
current WiMAX provides up to 40 Mbit/s with the IEEE
802.16 update expected to offer up to 1 Gbit/s fixed speeds.
802.16e – Mobile WiMAX
802.16d – Fixed WiMAX
Dept of ISE,DSCE
(Contd..)
Scope in 4G:The different technologies suggested to be deployed in 4G
may include:
1. Software Defined Ratio(SDR):
is a radio communication system where components that have
been typically implemented in hardware are instead
implemented by means of software on a personal computer or
embedded computing devices(Fig ).
e.g. mixers, filters, amplifiers, modulators/demodulators,
detectors, etc.
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Dept of ISE,DSCE
(Contd..)
Fig .Block diagram of generic SDR
2. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM): is a multi-carrier transmission technique. Multiple messages can be sent in moving a single radio
channel in OFDM using principles of FDM.
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(Contd..)
3. Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO):
use of multiple antennas at both the transmitter and
receiver to improve communication performance.
MIMO technology has attracted attention in wireless
communications, because it offers significant increases
in data throughput.
Dept of ISE,DSCE
(Contd..)
Multimode user terminals:
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Challenges:
Security
Selection among various wireless systems
Charging/Billing
Quality of service
Dept of ISE,DSCE
(Contd..)
Recent Developments:
Japanese company NTT DoCoMo, completed a trial of 4G
communication system prototype at 100 Mbit/s while moving and
1 Gbit/s while stationary in February 2007 and is planning on releasing
the first commercial network in 2010.
On December 14, 2009, the first commercial LTE deployment was in the
Stockholm and Oslo by the Swedish-Finnish network operator
TeliaSonera and its Norweigan brand name Netcom.
TeliaSonera branded the network “4G”.
On 5 June 2010, Sprint Nextel released
the first 4G Smartphone, the HTC Evo 4G.
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4G will be an intelligent technology that will interconnect the
entire world seamlessly.
Projected 4G mobile communication system will reduce number
of different technologies to a single global standard.
Technologies are evolving every day and night but the final success
of 4G mobile communication will depend upon the new services
and contents made available to users. These new applications must
meet user expectations, and give added value over existing offers.
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Conclusion:
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www.wikipedia.org
4G as a Next Generation Wireless Network , IEEE paper by Afaq H. Khan, Mohammed A. Qadeer , Juned A. Ansari , Sariya Waheed.
4G Wireless Networks: Opportunities and Challenges by Kaushal P. Makhecha, Kalpesh H. Wandra.
References:
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Dept of ISE,DSCE
THANK YOU