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Marketing Feasibility and Financial Viability 07UMC07031

DECLERATIONI Mohit Kumar, here by declare that the dissertation on marketing and feasibility of 3 Star Hotel is an

original piece of work and has not been copied from anywhere, and has been in partial fulfilment of

the course BHM degree course. This project has been completed by studying various things on the

topic and taking information from the internet and various resources. It has not been presented

earlier by anyone for award of any degree course.

PLACE: BANGALORE

DATE: Mohit Kumar

Army Institute of Hotel Management & Catering Technology

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I take this opportunity to extend my heartfelt thanks to my institute AIHM & CT for

providing me with the opportunity to complete my project. I would also like to thank

my Principal Mr. P Sen Themizhan for allowing me to work on this project.

Also i would like to extend my heartfelt gratitude to my project co-ordinator for extending

her cooperation in terms of knowledge, guidance and support at each and every stage of

the project.

Mohit Kumar


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LIST OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER-1 INTRODUCTION TO TOURISM

CHAPTER-2 SCOPE, OBJECTIVE, METHODOLOGY AND LIMITATION

CHAPTER-3 PROFILE OF PLACE

MARKETING FEASIBILITY

CHAPTER-4 DEMAND QUANTIFICATION

CHAPTER-5 TECHNICAL DETAILS OF THE PROJECT

CHAPTER-6 RECOMMENDED MARKETING MIX

CHAPTER-7 CONCLUSION

FINANCIAL VIABILTY

CHAPTER-8 INTRODUCTION TO THE FINANCIAL ASPECTS OF THE PROPOSED PROJECT

CHAPTER-9 COST OF THE PROJECT

CHAPTER-10 MANPOWER REQUIREMENT AND COST

CHAPTER-11 SALES REVENUE


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CHAPTER-12 OERATIONAL EXPENSES

CHAPTER-13 WORKING CAPITAL REQUIREMENT

CHAPTER-14 FINANCING THE PROJECT

CHAPTER-15 PROFITABILITY STATEMENT

CHAPTER-16 CASH FLOW STATEMENT

CHAPTER17 COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS

CHAPTER-18 BREAK EVEN ANALYSIS

CHAPTER-19 DEBT SERVICE COVERAGE RATIO

CHAPTER-20 SENSITIVITY RATIO

CHAPTER-21 CONCLUSION AND ANNEXURES


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CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION TO TOURISM


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INTRODUCTION TO TOURISM

Travel and tourism is worlds largest industry bigger by far than steel, automobile and electronics.

Tourism is directly linked with the global economic outlook. According to recent indicators, the

world gross domestic product (GDP) should grow by 3.4% per year over the decade. The 3.4% are a

composite of growth averaging 4.5% for developing countries and 2.5% for countries with mutual

economics. A rising GDP translates into increased travel demand. However due to natural political

and induced circumstances there are great disparities in the earning from tourism.Travel and

journey for pleasure have been mans favourite occupation ever since the Advent of trains, the jet

aeroplane and fuel efficient cars, with all these modes available Today, the jet aeroplane has

brought nations closer than ever before. Tourism has been greatly affected by the political and

economic conditions of the countries. Countries like India have learned in the recent years that they

are getting only a fraction of percentageof total tourist earning with increasing power available to

the people. The study notes that China, Indonesia and Philippines earned 7,323 million, 4,786 million

and 2090 million respectively from tourism in 1994. These three were among the top grosser amongAsian countries.

The most spectacular gains are expected to be registered in the Asia-Pacific region. Where Travel

and tourism is growing at almost twice the pace in comparison with the rest of the World. More

than 528 million tourist arrival recorded all over during 1994 registered as 3%of increase over 1993.

The report says the international tourist receipts rose to 321 billion,registering a 5.1% increase over

93.Long term prospectus for the travel and tourism market remains positive. All major travel

markets and either growing or beginning to show signs of strong recovery. Tourism industryis the

worlds largest economic force with a yearly turnover of 3.5 trillion.Tourism play an important role in

the economy of country as it gains a lot of foreign currency through foreign guests. So every country

tries to improve the tourism position in their country.


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GROWTH OF TOURISMThe word tourism has come from the word TOURS

derived from the latin word TAURUS

Meaning

(Turn Wheel). Tourism provides temporary stay for people to stay in different Countries and location

for a few days or month. Tourism these days has become the second largest industry in the world.

The purpose tour can be associated with business, sports, historical places, expedition, relaxation

etc.

Tourism plays an important role in developing of country as it gains a lot of foreign currency through

foreign guests. So every country tries to improve the tourism position in the country. India has

developed a lot in tourism business. In the very known as country of saints, diseases,poverty but due

to efforts of ITDC, India has developed a lot in tourism industry.Tourism is also a part of socio

development as any other activity. The development and growth of tourism also develops the

culture, infrastructure etc of a particular place India is known for its large number of hill stations like

Shimla, Darjeeling, Manali and Ooty etc and Cave temples and historical places. The number of

foreign tourist visiting India is 0.28% of the total tourist traffic.

Co-operatively India receives a less number of foreign tourists although it has a much larger

dimensions and unique variety of tourist attractions, it has tremendous scope for expanding and

developing tourism traffic in the region. Tourism can be a major factor in economics development of

less backward regions. It also helps in generation of employment, with development of tourism

people gets job in various fields like hotel industry, as tourist guides or travel agents etc.


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DEVELPOMENT OF TOURISM

Modern Tourism: The concept of modern tourism today is relatively new, not more then 10 yrs the

World has become so small that every place on earth is now known and is shown in map.The

barriers of distance have been broken up during the last two centuries by the inventions of Steam

engine, ships, railways, planes, motorcars and latest in the line aero plane.

Tourism has become a major economic earning industry since the World War-II. Besides promoting

International understanding it helps the national economy in its development and raises the

Standards of living of the people. Unlike other export industry there is comparatively little

investment needs for promoting tourism.


Types of Tourism: Man is a social animal who tries to explain beauty from his childhood.

DifferentPeople travel for different motives. There is an unbound inspiration in every man to travel.

In earlytimes travellers was often though as if rather Super Craft easy to place addition lost in an

environment of hotels and environment. But in 1970s the tourists acquired a much more

respectable status. Tourist are now classified into following categories.

1.Explorer: These types of tourist are very rare in numbers. They like to look for discover and

involvement with local people and nature.

2.Off Beat: These types of tourist like to get away with the crowd and move into cool and peaceful

areas.

3.Mass:The general package tour market heading the tourist encloses overseas.4.Unusual:They visit with particular objectives such as physical danger.

TECHNICAL INFORMATION

People employed in tourism promotion services are required to be technically skilled. The spirit of

pay professionalism brings friction in the smooth flow of tourism industry. GOVT. has taken

measures by opening hotel and tourism management courses in order to promote tourism.

BENEFITS

Tourism also results in economic and non economic benefits. The prime aim of economic benefit is

to calculate return in terms of national economy, employment, foreign exchange and state of


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revenue while non economic benefits are ranging offering social, cultural and other political values.

It also helps in promoting international understanding.

LIMITATIONSTourism is quite important in the economy of the country. However it has some ill effects on the

environment that should not be over looked. Mobilization more people has led to air and water

pollution. Sophistication and furnishing causes littering surroundings with rubbish damaging the

delicate balance of eco system. Commercial establishment also join the race resulting in declination

of nature, which should be checked and out awareness induced.

INTRODUCTION TO GLOBAL TOURISM

Tourism=nature+ wildlife+ man and his activities + environment+ ecology

Tourism is directly linked with global economic outlook . According to local indicators, the world

gross domestic product should grade by 3.4% per year over the next decade. The 3.4% is a

composite and 2.5% for the countries with the nature economics . A rising GPD translates into

increased travel demand.

Almost every country in the world is reading benefits from or looking hopefully for the potential of

tourism. In addition to the direct revenues earned by the supply of basic tourism needs (Hotels,

restaurants , railways , airlines etc)tourism expenditures per handicap down through money levels of

economy

The study notes that china , Indonesia , Philippines have earned $7, 323 millions , $4,785 million &$2,090 million respectively from tourism in 1994 . These were among the top gainers among Asian

countries.

Long term prospects for the travel and tourism market remain positive. The entire major travel

markets are either growing beginning to show signs of strong recovery. Tourism industry is the

worlds largest industry or economic force with yearly turnover of $3.5 million .The most spectacular

gains are expected to be register in Asia.-pacific regions where travel and tourism is growing at

almost twice the pace in comparison with the rest of the world.

TOURISM IN INDIA

Tourism is one of the most important industries, which earns sizeable amount of foreign exchange

from foreign tourists and huge amount of domestic tourist. India attracts a lot of tourists because of


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its heritage and exclusive culture, thus promoting tourism to a large extent. To promote tourism

both in foreign countries and India , it is very important to organize and for this the Indian Tourism

Development Corporation was formed. It started exploring new destination in order to promote

tourism. It increased the inflow of foreign tourists and gave India the foreign exchange earnings.

If we see the past of India, it is one of the oldest civilizations with a Kaleidoscope variety and rich

cultural heritage. It has achieved socio-economic progress during the last 55 yrs of its independence.

Indias social structure is unique blend of diverse religious cultures and racial groups.

Historically India has been a hospital land to numerous immigrants and in due from distant part of

Asia and Europe. Tourist facilities in India are adequate in terms of hotels, motels and resorts,facilities like agent tour operational and auxiliary services. India is located away from the effluent

tourist market in the world and is not known as a holiday country in abroad. India should give

advertisement internationally about its tourist spots and tourist areas.

India should develop the tourist spots also adding to the tourist spots such as attractive gardens,

well furnished bars and restaurants, discotheques, pubs i.e. extra decoration of tourist spots and

areas also as to compare with the European countrys tourist spots and American countrys tourist

spots.

BASIC STATISTICS OF INDIA

Land area - 32, 88,090 sq. Km

Population - 100 crores

Average annual growth - 2.1%

Literal life expectancy - 52%

Average life expectancy - 62 yrs

Agriculture (% of GNP) - 41.9%

Industry (%of GNP) - 22%

Religion - Hindu

Hindu - 83%

Muslims - 11%


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Christians - 2.6%

Sikh - 1.9%

Buddhists - 0.9%

Others - 0.3%

Currency - Rupee

Language - English, Hindi & 27 state languages

Capital - New Delhi

Tourism Industry In India

Tourism was recognized as industry in India way back in mid 80s but it is yet to enjoy the status interms of properties. If the manufacturing unit can avail duty free import facilities, why is tourism

industry denying that opportunity?

Asks Mr. C.P Krishnan Nair, Chairman of Leela Hotels. It makes to provide investors and new entrains

in the tourism infrastructure, the dept of tourism would soon be launching a tourism equity fund.

State tourism secretaries from Andhra Pradesh, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Pondicherry, Mariana, Uttar

Pradesh and Bihar attended the workshop with each state saving investment by during visitors with

attraction package and infrastructure.

Cultural Tourism In IndiaCultural tourism has a special place in India because of its vast civilization. A survey undertaken by

rent of tourism confirms that most of the tourists are interest in the culture of India for a foreigner a

visit to India who profound cultural impact. Opportunities to learn about ancient history and culture

India appointed UNESCO expert Dr. Auchin to study cultural tourism and more recommendatory.

The report was about 54% of the tourism enjoyed their study because there was such a large

beautiful creation of man building temples and churches. The monument heritage could be divided

into temples and churches.

The monument heritage could be divided into:

y Buddhist monuments.y Hindu monumentsy Indo-Islamy Monuments of British

The European association Dr. Allay ways tht India is a popular country with great part and great

tradition. India has a tradition of civilization life. It is one of the greatest civilizations.

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Current Tourism Scenario in India

The hospitality industry in India has seen many ups and downs these days though the trend is

generally upward. This is because India is growing importantly as a tourist destination and therefore

there is an upward trend in room occupancy in hotels and in their profits, but at the same time, the

positive fluctuation because the country does not yet have any unique selling point (USP)to attract

any type of particular foreign tourists.

Another reason why India does not have a strong position in the world tourist map because the

country still has poor tourist destinations. Recent years has not been good with room occupancy

decreasing due to September, 11 attack. The number of foreign tourists arriving in India during the

year touching 2.62 million on an increase of 5.7%.

The second half of the year was better than the first half, with tourist arrivals going up by 7.5% toreach 1.07 million. The second half of the year is always better than the first half.

The hospitality industry is the one, which has actually benefited from the depreciation of the rupee.

When the rupee depreciates the holiday in India becomes cheaper for foreign tourists because they

can now spend more rupees for same number of dollars or pounds etc. So more tourists are

expected to come. As their own current gives them benefit s of depreciation hotels claims that 1%

depreciation in the rupee increases profits.

The Oberoi group have reported a 35% increase in profit and the ITC hotels ( welcome group)

reported an even more spectacular 93% growth in profits in the recent years. However the Taj group

and the Hyatt group has not shown their profits because they have taken loans and raised money torefurbish and renovate and the interest on loans ate up the profit.

Globalization of tourism in India

India has an ancient tradition of tourism. It has exited as an industry in the informal section since

ancient time and was indulged by all classes of the people. The maharajas or the ruling class were

less free to tour than others because their natives could be politically suspicious. They generally


travelled for the purpose of attending. Durbans of neighbouring states, attending important

marriages of those belonging to the exclusive club o the ruling class on for Firth Yare which

involved visiting to holy places for performing religious duty and propitiating the gods for

condemnation of sins and asking for future benefits. The business class travelled with long caravans

of animals and ponies carrying their merchandise from place to place for selling. Trans sub

continental travels were the norm of this class of people and ancient routs for travelling were

known. A recent of their travels, sales incomes and modern operandi are available in records known

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as basis which were account kept by these merchants are available in large number for Rajasthan,

Uttar Pradesh and Bengal. The next important class of travel are sirloins and spiritual seekers who

travelled from place to place. Lean search of higher knowledge and to take part in discussing and

discourse on religious subject for visiting Tirth Sthan.

All tourism industry existed in the informal section and all facilities for the tourist were available

throughout the country in the form of Dharamshalas, Sarais, Havelies, Dakbangalas available in most

famous Tirth Sthans in the industry in general was in unorganized section. An organized industry of

tourism of 20th century phenomenon came into existence for catering to foreign tourist who wanted

to live in style during their visit to India. As a result of intense efforts made both in the centre and

state sector we have expanded the tourism industry by way of increasing allocation for tourism

through planning from Rs. 364.64 crores in the eighth plan. The tourism arrival have increased from

17000 in 1951 to 2.12 million in 1995-1996. Hotels have been increased from 16.6 in 1993 to 19766

at the end of 1998 and accommodation in terms of rooms has increased to 57,435 as on 31.03.1996.

clearance have been given for the creation of 683 new hotels as a result of which 35452 more rooms

will come into existence. Tourism industry has already become the 3rd biggest industry after

readymade garments and gems and jewellery. It is estimated that during the year 1995-1996 foreignearning of this sector are likely to be 9186 crores. India GDP is forecasting to grade 5.6%. India could

earn more than $ 10,020 million.

Some names of tourist spots are as follows:-

y TAJ MAHAL (U.P.)y AJMER SHARIF(U.P.)y RED FORT (DELHI)y GOA SEA BEACH(GOA)y AJANTA ELLORA CAVE TEMPLE(MAHARASHTRA)y GOLDEN TEMPLE(PUNJAB)y DARJEELING(W.B.)y 300 YEARS OLD CITY CALCUTTA(W.B.)y DAL LAKE(J&K)y HYDERABAD PALACE(A.P.)y INDIA GATE(DELHI)


y SHIMLA(H.P.)y DALHOUSIE(H.P.)y MANALI(H.P.)y OOTY(T.N.)y KODAI KANAL(T.N.)

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INTRODUCTION TO THE HOTEL INDUSTRY

In the past, present and perhaps the future of hospitality industry are closely linked with today

boarding and restaurant industry and are the result of many centuries of social and cultural

evaluation .Advances in transportation enable more people to travel great distances at less cost

spreading tourism across the globe.

There are different reasons why people spend their time away from home to work for business

purposes, to go to school or colleges & to go for shopping for leisure etc &many more reasons. they

need accommodation or food and drinks or both .It is reasonable to assume that the provision of

these needs have created industry with a common aim to supply accommodation food &drink

when & where required.

ORIGIN OF HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY

When ancient human first ventured beyond their tribal settlement .There were of course no hotels

to accommodate them. Most likely these early travellers were either warrior of tenders early

travellers traded merchandise ,such as ornaments, cloth &animals for lodging. Almost certainly inn

keeping is of first service for which money was exchanged. The most famous lodging event is

related in the king James version of the bible. Marry and Joseph was funned away by the Bethleheminn keeper because there were no rooms at the inn

. According Biblical Scholars, the inn keepers

may have meant to give birth. The stable where Marry and Joseph spent the night was probably

almost as comfortable as and certainly more private than the inn itself.

In the 3rd century A.D the roman empire developed an extensive system of brick paved roads

throughout the Europe and Asia minors for the constructed along the major through fares,

extending from Spain and Turkey.


It was not until the industrial revolution of the 1770s that the European travellers began to continue

food and beverage service with lodging. Very little attention was given to sanitation. Bed as well as

rooms still had to be shared with other travellers and rates were step. To accommodate wealthy

travellers Luxurious travellers structures were expected with private rooms, individual sanitation

and all the comforts of a European castle.

On colonial America, inns were modelled after European tverns, with sleeping quarters shared by

two or more guests. In the novel moby dick by Hero Men Melville, a way faring seman chicks into a

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19th century. New England inns and later walks up to find himself sharing a bad with another guests.

Although not every client found himself sleeping with a Melanesian warrior, sharing beds with

strangers was common practice ib early American and European inns.

GROWTH OF THE HOTEL INDUSTRY

The hotel industry is one of the oldest commercial endeavours of the world. The British hotel

properties act 1956 define a hotel as an establishment offering food and beverages and sleeping

accommodation, it required any travellers who is able and willing to pay for the biling of service and

facility provided. The hoteliers must provide food and lodging to travellers on payment, has in term

the right to refuse if travellers drinks disorderly and in position to pay.

DEVELOPMENT OF INNSA house of public entertainment has been maintained in all countries from early times. The first inns

goes back to 6th century B.C. and where the products of the urge to travel. Spurred by invention of

wheel. Therefore Greek inn were places gathered for gossip and amusement. The roman inns along

with the highways were of questionable reputation landlord, predatory and robberies to travellers

were very common. English inns were noted as cleanest and more attractive inns in the world. They

also provided food, thirst quenchers like wine etc.

Industrial revolution in England gave fare ideas for the progress of hotel industry and the most

important thing was the development of railways and steam skips which made travelling more easy

and champed travelling social to business travel. It was in Europe were the birth of organised hotel

industry took place. And there were small hotels which provided a number of services, patronised

only by the aristocracy of the day.

Evolution of mankind, led to evolution of travel and man is directly related to it as he is a tourist. A

tourist can be defined as any person outside his house for more than 24 hrs. Thus invention of wheel

took place which was an important milestone in the march of tourism, and the word tour which

means turn wheel.


With the industrial revolution of the late 18

th

century and early 1990s , the focus of the Americansociety stuffed from the upper class to the common citizens. E M Statler , built the first full service

hotel designed to accommodate business travellers in 1908. Until the World War II the hotel chants

were divided ibto two categories i.e travel and businessman who were extremely wealthy. In the

late 1940s and 1950s American began taking the roads on automatic vehicles. A motel primarily of

lodging to motorist and has ample parking facilities. The internal chain operations provided

individual hotels the following facilities:

1- Partnership: that shares equity and profit

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2- Franchise: a license is obtained to operate a hotel by investor is called the franchise thatpays a fee to the hotel company.

3- Management: expertise in management. Professional techniques, mammals, systems etc.on the basis or mgmt. Fees and shares or profits as incentive payments.

MODERN HOTEL AND CATERING INDUSTRY

Hotel for the traveller and catering industry, provision of hospitality, an important service whose

origin may be tracked back to ancient history. The inns and taverns of ancient Rome met the needs

of a wide diversity of travellers and dinners. However, the hotel and catering industry of today is

vastly more diverse and more complex than that of Rome or even that of the entrepreneurs who

build the savoy, ritz and the great railways hotel a century ago.

The hotel and catering industry today is essentially concerned with providing accommodation ood

and drink for those who are away from home. The industry is normally defined as consisting of those

businesses whose principal activity is the commercial provision of hotel and catering services. A new

definition, however, emerges from the united kingdom standard industrial classification 1992

(HMSO 1992). This classification extends the definition of hotel and catering to include canteens

serving factories, offices, schools and colleges as well as university dining halls and messes for

members of the armed forces. The industry employs over 2 million people in the united kingdom, i.e

approx 10% of the work force. A similar propoetion of the work force is employed in the industry in

most developed countries of the world. The wide ranging scope of the industry includes, as


accommodation providers, hotels, motels. Guesthouses, inns, farmhouses. Holiday chalets, another

self catering accommodation (such as caravan, parks and camp sites). Among food and drink

providers are restaurants cafe, cafeterias and fast food outlets such as burger bars. Take away foods

shops such as sandwich bars, fish and chips bars, kabab shops are included. Licensed bars/clubs of

London are also part of the industry. Catering for people at work is carried out either by specialist

contractors or by people employed by the organisation requiring for service. In addition, catering

services are needed by hospitals, transport systems, shops, banquets and conferences, corporate

hospitality, sporting venue and social occasions such as wedding.

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Catering is so much a part of modern lives that it is estimated that upto a quarter of all food is now

consumed away from home or taken into the home in a form it is ready to eat. Inspite of occasional

setbacks there is a steady growth in a need for hotels and cayering services in past decades. There is

good evidence to indicate that this growth will continue.

The industry is becoming increasingly international in its activity with many well known brands, for

e.g., Mc Donalds and burger king in catering. Holiday inn, Hilton and intercontinental in the hotel

sector. Many companies compete on an international scale and the consumer of their services are

frequently international travellers, who may be business people or tourists, but may be influenced

by the reorganization of a brand. Companies owned by U.K. operators are now major global

providers, these includes holiday inn, Hilton and forte.

The French ACCOR owns international hotel brands such as Novotel and Sofitel with representative

establishments in many counties .

Inspite of the growth of international brands, however, the typical hotel or restaurants is still likely

to be owned by national or regional company or to be an independent establishment. Frequently,

independents form themselves into associations or consortia for the purpose of marketing there

services . They may be assisted in their marketing efforts by local and regional tourists boards and

other agencies disseminating tourist information. For some establishments, consumer guides may be

an important means of reaching new clients, but for most hotels it is necessary to engage in some

form of advertising and promotional expenditure. The future growth of the industry will depnd upon

it ability to attract consumer expenditure against competition from the goods and services supplied

by other industries. A key factor in this will be the maintenance and growth of economic and

efficient travel system, especially air travel. Travel and tourism , including hotels and catering, arepredicted to become the worlds largest industry by the end of the century. In the united kingdom

one in every seven jobs will be in travel and tourism activity. A similar pattern is predicted for other

developed countries , making it certain that travel and tourism will play an even more vital role in

the worlds economy n the 21 st century.


HISTORYThe ancient Romans had several kinds of establishments. On highways and in the towns, inns and

taverns were set up to meet the needs of travellers and local population. None of these survived the

fall of he roman empire. By the 14th century inns and taverns offering lodging and food drink had

become firmly established. Inns were usually small and lodgings provided with stabling for horses,

was fairly rudimentary. The taverns of this period were usually confined to serving food and drink ,

mainly to meet local requirements. They could not be used to put up guests. Ale houses provided an

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alternative source of refreshments, but were mainly for beer drinking rather than dining. Laws were

introduced to control prices charged by inns and taverns and to ensure reasonable quality in the

service provided.

By the mid 16th century, inns had grown in importance in consequence of the growth of trade in

Tudor England. Roads and water ways were still the primary means of travel, so inns developed a

could take upto a 100 guests and separate rooms were available although it was quite common for

travellers to share rooms with strangers . The inns would provide extensive stabling for horses and

wagons , and the large courtyards might provide the scene for evening entertainments , perhaps

even the performance of a play by Shakespeare or Marlowe .

By the 17th century the stagecoach had emerged as a means of reasonably rapid travel. Inns could

provide both hospitality and a change of horses for he next stage. Stagecoach services were

established on main routes from the capital leading to provincial cities , some of which were operate

by inn keepers . in the 18th century , the stagecoach became the main means of travel , while growth

in trade brought about a considerable need to get around. The standard in hospitality rose in

demand from increasingly wealthy travellers.

Seaside resorts developed in the later part of the 18th century in response to a popular belief in the

health giving properties of sea bathing. Some of the earliest hotels and boarding houses were built

during this period in the resort. The introduction of the steam locomotive and the development of

the railways i the 19th century revolutionized transport and produced phenomenal growth of sea

side towns. Large resorts such as blackpool and Bournemouth scarcily existed untilthey were

reached by the railways.

For the first time, the large working population of the industrial towns could reach the resorts easily

and cheaply. Workers in the north of England could reach blackpool and south port quickly while

Londoners could obtain ready to access to resorts on the south coast. Hotels and boarding houses

were built in 1000s. these were often built and owned by the railway companies themselves and

offered prestigious accommodation to the well healed traveller. Other entrepreneurs undertook

construction of large luxury hotels in the capital, such as the savoy in 1899 and the ritz at the turn of

the century. The new establishments offered fine dining, with meals prepared by French chefs

available for residents and occasional diners.


The rise of the motor car as a means of transport in the 20th

century caused a new wave ofdevelopment which did much to restore the traditional wayside in but also provided alternative

access to the resorts and to the country sides where many hotels and guesthouses were to be found.

For eg. The lake district. In the later of the20th century the motorcar and the aeroplane became

dominant modes of travel. Resorts and city hotels tend now to be larger especially where they are

designed to meet the needs of international travellers arrived by air. In general such hotels are

designed to meet the needs of particular sections of the consumer markets. For the car traveller a

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great diversity of hotels is available from the luxurious country house hotel with fine restaurant to

the modern budget hotel or motel with simple accommodation and service.

MORE RECENT TRENDS

The patterns of catering have changed dramatically in the last half century. Before World War II

eating out for pleasure was a regular pass time only for the well off. Since 1950 there has been

tremendous growth in popular restaurants with meals available at reasonable prices. Mass travel

has made dining out more dramatic. Relatively cheap meals are now available in a diverse range of

establishment from branded restaurants to public houses as well as ethnic and speciality

restaurants. There was a remarkable boom in catering in the 1980s when the consumer choice was

considerably increased in variety and new services such as home delivery of meals were successfully

introduced.

Future growth in catering is highly dependent on economic growth generally, but social factors, such

as female employment, also play a role. It seems likely that such factors, coupled with increased

travel will drive the industry forward to provide increased variety, quality and the value for the

consumer as the industry pursues expansion.

HOTEL INDUSTRY IN INDIA

Before independence the travelling was very limited and mostly by the pilgrims. In many places

there was dharamshalas where shelter was provided and some places with food.


There are different periods which set the evolution of hospitality industry in India. They are as

follows:

y Indus valley civilizationy Mauryan periody Mughal period

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y 20th and 21st centuries- present scenario

INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION

The Indus valley civilization saw shelter and food basically for travellers. The civilization should

arrange houses in sequence of 9 to 12 construction of house based on vaastu shastra. They had

underground drainage system, they had two course meals. They foresaw the necessity of providing

exact shelter to the travellers. Usually first row of houses was given food and shelter and were

allowed to keep their bullock carts.

MAURYAN PERIOD

Authentic proof is available though the historians that food shelter and reservations were available

on payment under the mauryan period. This period was under administrators Vishnu gupta and

kautilya . In the time of Mauryan period there were some houses, which offered different type of

accommotdatio with all comforts, luxury and food. It was commonly known as ashram. It also

offered wine, food and entertainment except these facilities were also was offered to chariots but a

payment. Today advance reservation is also done. It is a trade for the civilized people the traveller

had to come through authorized post set by the kingdom. Every traveller had to give his or her

purpose of visit. The kingdom also wanted trade to improve.

MUGHAL PERIOD

Sher Shah Suri foresaw the requirement of transport and shelter. It was Grant trunk Road that he

built from Peshawar to Delhi. It is known as National Highway no. I. During the period of 1000 A.D

the Mughals only improved and renovated it. They introduced the courier system called dhak .one

more change had come ,the soldier started cooking food local ingredients &gave a different name

Shane. The British also followed and used there accommodation set up during earlier times . but

they introduced postal system on a large scale . T he Mughal accommodations , which were known

as sarais , got converted to travellers bungalow and inspection bungalows which were called as dak

bungalows but they were served only for night . The problem grew into a major problem started the

earliest known commercial establishments.


THE 20TH

&21ST

CENTURY PRESENT SCENARIO

Hotels are no more restricted to a room which provides shelter and food to travellers ,it has a wide

meaning and is categorized as follows:-

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1.DOWN TOWN HOTELS: It is located in the heart of the city with a short distance from shoppig

areas , theatres ,public building . Rates in these hotels are normally high due to their location .

Normally business clients prefer such type of hotels.

2.SUBURBAN HOTELS:Located in the suburban areas .It has advantage of quote surroundings, rates

are generally low.

3. RESORT HOTELS:These types of hotels are generally located in the hills at beaches or in the

outskirts of the city.4.AIRPORT HOTELS:As the name indicates these hotels are located near the aiport and are ideal for

transit passengers who have to stay only for a few hours in the city , rates are at European plan.

5.MOTELS:This is derived from the phrase motor hotels which are located principally onto

highways . They provide modest boarding and lodging to highway travellers . Rates are quoted on

European plan .

6.INNS:they are small hotels with modest boardings and lodging facilities. They may be located

anywhere within or outside .

7.HERITAGE HOTELS:The hotels which reflect the heritage and culture of a century is known as

heritage hotel.

8.FLOATEL:Pride of Goa as it is aptly named ,will be Indias first floating hotel by previous yeras end.

Moving through the back quarters and in land waterways in goa.

9. AQUATEL: in Osaka, japan with 100 rooms and 3 outlets and completely 100 feet below waterwith one glass to see the roof. It is transparent to see the fishes and other marine animals.

10. SHOTEL: hotel on the ship.

11. RESIDENTIAL HOTEL: located in commercial areas and the guest are of long staying. Thy are

provided with special facilities and rates.

ORIGIN OF HOSPITALITY IN INDIA

The origin of food and accommodation facilities could be traced back to the mohanjodaro and

Harappa civilization colonies were established for the travellers only.

For eg. A category of house provided for chief traveller who may have come for business dealing.

The second category of travellers who have come with his family.

This between 1500 B.C. to 300 B.C. the country has visualised the commercialisation of tourism.

Several roads were constructed and the transportation network developed considerably during this.

The houses that began to provide food and accommodation was known as ashraya underthe

mauryan period, ashrayas offered different types of accommodations with luxury and comfort.


With the arrival of british, India has visualised that what could be termed the foundation of modern

tourism set up. They also introduced the system of carrying official documents from one place to

another and set up dakghar at different contents which could be termed as the foundation at

different destinations and centres greased up rapidly.

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The Hotel Industry and Indian Economy

The hotel industry is one of the major industries in any economic system, the hotel industry is the

worlds second largest industry of all other industries next to oil industry. In India it has been

introduced through several attitudes towards service industry. Hotel industry is most importantsector in tourism infrastructure. It is a growing industry because of increase in leisure time. The

standards of hotels has increased since 1958. This was done under proper and planned scheme

development. We are proceeding with a second five year plan of this plan again. The hotel doesnt

play any part in this plan, it was a planning commission who took interest. It also included the

ministry of tourism, it kept in view the requirements of the industry fir the next 15 yrs or so. Hotel

and tourism industry represents the fastest and largest element of economist called invisible trade

and its earning.

ECOTOURISM

INTRODUCTION

Holiday ideas adventures trails aayurveda shalas beaches of India drive destination ecotourism

heath resorts hill stations. Hindu pilgrims, metro guides, palace of wheels, palaces religion is stone

the back waters of Kerela the bud shed circuit, the desert adventure, the golden triangle, the heart

of heritage, the lure of jungles, the north east, the Punjab circuit, the temple trail, world cultural

heritage sites. Experience Indian arts culture by rail shopping religion wedding search.

Home--------->Holiday---------->Ecotourism

Ecotourism

The united nations has designed 2002 as the international year of ecotourism and righly. So today

only highly responsible tourism will help the world preserve and sustain its environment and cultural

heritage.

Fundamentally ecotourism means making a little environmental impact as possible and helping to

sustain indegenious population thereby encouraging the preservation of wildlife and habitats while

visiting a place.

DONTS

Do not use pollutants such as detergents in strams on springs while washing and bathing.


y Dont use wood as fuel to cook food at the working sites.y Dont leave cigarette butts or make open fires in forests.y Dont consume aerated drinks, alcohol, drugs or any other intoxicants and do not throw

bottles in the wild.

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Chapter - 2

Scope, Objective,

Methodology And Limitation

Of The Project


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Chapter - 2

Scope, Objective, Methodology And

Limitation Of The Project

1. To access the market feasibility and details in the technical outline,2. To collect the basic data pertaining to tourism location and transport facilities about

Lucknow

3. To access the present status of accommodation4. To study the planning aspects of the hotel and to develop draft policy

Scope

The study carried out to access the commercial viability and to find out the feasibility of

starting a three star hotel. For the market survey hotels with some star status were covered.

Methodology

The data information required for the study was obtained from two sources:

Primary Data

Secondary Data

Primary Data

This was the first hand information collected by interviewing the hotels using the

questionnaire provided by the college.

Secondary Data

This is the information obtained from books, journals, newspapers, brouchers, leaflets and

reports.

Limitations

Due to lack of time all the required information was not collected.


The hotel officials were not ready to reveal some strategic information.

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Financial aspects are not covered.


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Chapter 3

Profile Of The Place


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Lucknow (Uttar Pradesh)

Time zone IST (UTC+5:30)

Area,345 km2 (905 sq mi) Elevation 123 m(404 ft)

Population 2,800,000(2006)

Density 331/km2 (857/sq mi)

Languages English, Hindi, Urdu

Mayor Dinesh Sharma

District Magistrate Chandra Bhanu

Website : lucknow.nic.in

Coordinates : 26051 38 N 80054 57 E/26.860556, 80.915833

Luknow is the capital city of Uttar Pradesh, the most populous state of India. It had apopulation of

2,541,101 in 2006, Lucknow is also the administrative headquarters of Lucknow district and Lucknow

Division.

Located in what was historically known as the Awadh(Oudh) region, Lucknow has always been a

multicultural city. Courtly manners, beautiful gardens, poetry, music, and fine cuisine patronized by

the Persian-loving Shia Nawabs of the city are well known amongst Indians and students of South

Asian culture and history. Lucknow is popularly known as The City of Nawabs. It is also known as the

Golden City of the East, Shiraz-i-Hind and The Constantinople of India.

Today Lucknow is a vibrant city that is witnessing an economic boom and is among the top 10 fastest

growing non major metropolitan cities of India. It is the second largest city in Uttarpradesh. The

ancient history of Lucknow is believe to begin after the Suryawanshi king lord ram ordered is

younger brother Lakshman to establish a town at the present site of Lakshman tila. After 1350 AD

the Lucknow and parts of Awadh region have been under the rule of the Delhi Sultanate, the Mughal

Empire, the Nawabs of Awadh, the East India Company and the British Raj. Lucknow has been one of

the major centers of First War of Independence, participated actively in India's Independence

movement, and after Independence has emerged as an important city of North India.

Until 1719, subah of Awadh was a province of the Mughal Empire administered by a Governor

appointed by the Emperor. Saadat Khan also called Burhan-ul-Mulk a Persian adventurer was

appointed the Nazim of Awadh in 1722 and he established his court in Faizabad near Lucknow.

Awadh was known as the granary of India and was important strategically for the control of the

Doab, the fertile plain between the Ganges and the Yamuna rivers. It was a wealthy kingdom, able to


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maintain its independence against threats from the Marathas, the British and the Afghans. The third

Nawab, Shuja-ud-Daula fell out with the British after aiding Mir Qasim, the fugitive Nawab of Bengal.

He was comprehensively defeated in the Battle of Buxar by the East India Company, after which he

was forced to pay heavy penalties and cede parts of his territory. The British appointed a resident in

1773, and over time gained control of more territory and authority in the state. They were

disinclined to capture Awadh outright, because that would bring them face to face with theMarathas and the remnants of the Mughal Empire.

In 1798, the fifth Nawab Wazir Ali Khan alienated both his people and the British, and was forced to

abdicate. The British then helped Saadat Ali Khan to the throne. Saadat Ali Khan was a puppet king,

who in the treaty of 1801 ceded half of Awadh to the British East India Company and also agreed to

disband his troops in favor of a hugely expensive, British-run army. This treaty effectively made the

state of Awadh a vassal to the British East India Company, though it notionally continued to be part

of the Mughal Empire in name until 1819.

The treaty of 1801 formed an arrangement that was very beneficial to the Company. They were able

to use Awadh's vast treasuries, repeatedly digging into them for loans at reduced rates. In addition,

the revenues from running Awadh's armed forces brought them useful revenues while it acted as a

buffer state. The Nawabs were ceremonial kings, busy with pomp and show but with little influence

over matters of state. By the mid-nineteenth century, however, the British had grown impatient with

the arrangement and wanted direct control of Awadh.

In 1856 the East India Company first moved its troops to the border, then annexed the state, which

was placed under a chief commissioner - Sir Henry Lawrence. Wajid Ali Shah, the then Nawab, was

imprisoned, and then exiled by the Company to Calcutta. In the subsequent Revolt of 1857 his 14-

year old son Birjis Qadra son of Begum Hazrat Mahal was crowned ruler, and Sir Henry Lawrence

killed in the hostilities. Following the rebellion's defeat, Begum Hazrat Mahal and other rebel leaders

obtained asylum in Nepal.

Geography and Climate

Situated in the heart of the great Gangetic plain, Lucknow city is surrounded by its rural towns and

villages like the orchard town of Malihabad, historic Kakori, Mohanlal ganj, Gosainganj, Chinhat,

Itaunja. On its eastern side lies Barabanki District, on the western side is Unnao District, on the

southern side Raebareli District, and on the northern side the Sitapur and Hardoi districts. The Gomti

River, the chief geographical feature, meanders through the city, dividing it into the Trans-Gomti and

Cis-Gomti regions. Lucknow city is located in the seismic zone III.

Climate

Lucknow has a warm humid subtropical climate with cool, dry winters from December to February

and dry, hot summers from April to June. The rainy season is from mid-June to mid-September,

when Lucknow gets an average rainfall of 1010 mm (40 in) mostly from the south-west monsoon

winds. In winter the maximum temperature is around 25 degrees Celsius and the minimum is in the


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2 to 3 degrees Celsius range. Fog is quite common from late December to late January. Summers are

very hot with temperatures rising to the 40 to 45 degree Celsius range.

Demographics

Currently the population of Lucknow is more than 5 million.The majority of Lucknow's population

comprises people from Central and Eastern Uttar Pradesh. However, Bengalis, Punjabis and Anglo-Indians have also settled in large numbers. Hindus comprise about 71% and Muslims about 26%.

There are also small groups of Sikhs, Jains, Christians and Buddhists. As per 2001 census literacy rate

of Lucknow is 69.39% (61.22% for females and 76.63% for males).

Economy and Business

Lucknow is not only a major market & trading city in Northern India, but is also an emerging hub for

producers of goods and services. Being the capital of Uttar Pradesh state, the Government

departments and the public sector undertakings are the principal employers of the salaried middle

class. Liberalization has created many more opportunities in the business and service sector and self-

employed professionals are burgeoning in the city.

Lucknow also provides a good catchment area for the recruitment of quality personnel by

information technology companies for the BPO hubs of nearby Noida and Gurgaon as well as for

Bangalore and Hyderabad.

Large number of expatriate labour and NRIs from lucknow serve in the Gulf and middle east

countries and send considerable remittances their families back home.

The city is the headquarters of both the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) and the

Pradeshiya Industrial and Investment Corporation of Uttar Pradesh (PICUP). The Regional office of

the Uttar Pradesh State Industries Development Corporation (UPSIDC) is also located here.

The other business-promoting institutions that have a presence in Lucknow are the Confederation of

Indian Industry (CII) and Entrepreneurship Development Institute of India (EDII).

Traditional Trade

Traditionally, Lucknow has been a mandi town for mangoes, melons, and grains grown in the

surrounding areas. Sugarcane-growing plantations and sugar industries are also in close proximity.

This attracted Edward Dyer to set up a unit based on molasses in the city. Dyer Breweries was

incorporated in 1855 and was Asia's first commercial brewery.

Lucknow is famous for its small scale industries that are based on unique styles of embroidery,

namely, Chikan and Lakhnawi Zardozi, both of which are significant foreign exchange earners. Chikan

has caught the fancy of fashion designers in Bollywood and abroad.Information technology is now

being introduced in the industry for increased productivity, with the help of world bank funded

projects.


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During the period of the Nawabs, kite-making reached a high level of artistry, and is still a small-scale

industry. Lucknow has also been an industrial producer of tobacco products like 'Kivam', edible

fragrances like 'attars' and handicrafts such as pottery, earthen toys, silver and gold foil work, and

bone carving products.

Manufacturing and Processing

The city had a big paper mill, one of the oldest in the country. Among the bigger manufacturing

units, Lucknow has Hindustan Aeronautics Limited, Tata Motors, Eveready Industries and Scooters

India Limited. Processing industries include milk production, steel-rolling units and LPG bottling.

The city's small-scale and medium-scale industrial units are located in the industrial enclaves of

Chinhat, Aishbagh, Talkatora and Amousi.

Emerging businesses

Lucknow, with its excellent education, commercial, banking and legal infrastructure, is witnessing

rapid growth in information technology, banking, retailing, construction and other service sectors.

Private coaching institutions for preparing aspirants of competitive exams and services is another

business that is flourishing in Lucknow.

All the major public and private sector banks of India, Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and foreign banks

like Citibank, Standard Chartered Bank, ABN-AMRO and HSBC have their presence in the city. The big

oil marketing companies like Indian Oil Corporation, Hindustan Petroleum, Bharat Petroleum, and

Reliance have their offices in Lucknow.

Leading IT companies like TCS and IBM are also operating in Lucknow.

Insurance companies, both public and private, as well as leading cellular phone companies are

present in the city as well.

Currently, biotechnology and information technology are the two focus areas to promote economic

development in and around the city. The Ministry of Science and Technology is setting up a biotech

park in the city. Lucknow is also one of the selected cities for the Smart City project of STPI, under

which IT is being used to promote economic development.

Transport

Auto Rickshaws

The available multiple modes of public transport in the city are taxis, city buses, cycle rickshaws,

auto rickshaws and CNG Low Floor AC or Non AC Buses. CNG has been introduced recently as anauto fuel to keep the air pollution in control.The city bus service is run by Lucknow Mahanagar

Parivahan Sewa a division of Uttar Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation (UPSRTC).

Inter-city/Inter-state travel.


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lucknow has good road, rail and air links with the rest of the country.

Road

From Hazratganj intersection in Lucknow city, four Indian National Highways originate, viz, NH-24 to

Delhi, NH-25 to Shivpuri, Jhansi (M.P. Border), NH-56 to Varanasi and NH-28 to Mokama (Bihar).

There are two bus stations. The major bus terminals is Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar bus station at

Alambagh. It has very modern facilities and is the main inter- and intrastate terminal in Lucknow.

Another important bus station is at Qaiserbagh. Earlier, another bus terminal operated at Charbagh,

directly in front of the main railway station, but this has now been reestablished as a City bus depot.

The move was taken to remove congestion in front of the railway station. Now inter-city travel in

private cars is also becoming very common.

Railways

The main railway station is Lucknow Railway Station at Charbagh. It has an imposing structure built

in 1923. The main terminal belongs to Northern Railway (NR) (station code: LKO) division of Indian

Railways and the second terminal is run by the North Eastern Railway (NER). Lucknow is a major

junction with links to all major cities of the state and country. Lucknow has a further thirteen

railway stations viz. Alamnagar, Malhaur, Utretia, Transport Nagar, Dilkhusha, Gomti Nagar,

Badshahnagar, Manak Nagar, Amausi, Aishbagh junction, Lucknow City, Daliganj and

Mohibullapur.The first eight stations cater for broad gauge only whereas the others have meter

gaugeas well as except for Mohibullahpur which has only meter gauge. All the stations are within

city limits and are well connected with each other via road networks and public road transport.

Other suburban stations include Bakshi Ka Talab and Kakori, which had witnessed a famous

nationalindependence act (see kakori train dacoity). The Barabanki-Lucknow-Kanpur track (101 km)

is electrified. Its electrification was done in 2002-03 when Shri. Atal Bihari Vajpayee was Prime

Minister of India and he was MP from Lucknow.

Air

Lucknow is directly connected by air with New Delhi , Patna, Kolkata and Mumbai and other major

Indian cities. The Amausi airport at Amausi is located around 20 km from the city centre. It is an

international airport and is the 13th online station for Air India. International destinations include

Dubai, Jeddah, Muscat and Sharjah. Flights to London, Bangkok and Hongkong may also commence

soon. During Haj special flights are also operated from Lucknow.

Oman Air and Cosmo Air are a few international airlines that are operating direct international

flights from Lucknow to international destinations & vice-versa.

Language and Poetry

Both Hindi and Urdu are spoken in Lucknow, but Urdu has been the lingua franca of the city for

centuries. Under the rule of Nawabs, Urdu flourished and turned into one of the most refined

language. Hindu and Muslim poets like Brij Narayan Chakbast, Khwaja Haider Ali Atish, Ameer Minai,


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Mirza Hadi Ruswa, Nasikh, Daya Shankar Kaul Nasim, Musahafi, Insha and the great Meer Taqi Meer

took Urdu poetry to dizzy heights and established the Lakhnavi form of language.

Lucknow is one of the greatest city for Shiitte culture. Two poets, Mir Anis and Mirza Dabeer,

became legendary exponents of a unique genre of Shia elegiacal poetry called Marsia centred on

Imam Hussains supreme sacrifice in the battle of Karbala which is commemorated during the annual

observance of Muhharam.

In recent years the use of Urdu has reduced significantly. Day-to-Day transactions in the city are

typically performed in Hindi or English. Nevertheless Lucknowites are still known for their polite and

polished way of speaking which is noticed by visitors to this charming city. The revolutionary Ram

Prasad Bismil, who was hanged by british at Kakori near Lucknow, was largely influenced by poetry

and wrote verses under the pen name of Bismil. The surrounding towns like Kakori, Daryabad,

Barabanki, Rudauli and Malihabad produced many eminent poets and literaturers of Urdu like

Mohsin Kakrovi, Majaz, Khumar Barabankvi and Josh Malihabadi.

Cityscan

Roomi Gate: view from Asafi Imambara

The Asafi Imambara ( popularly known as Bara Imambara), the Chhota Imambara, Residencyand

Shah Najaf are monuments of architectural importance at lucknow. Some other places of interest

are the Picture Gallery, Chattar Manjil, State Museum/ Lucknow zoo, Shaheed Smarak, Dilkusha,

Ambedkar memorial, Planetarium and Ram Krishna Math.

Lucknow Zoo

The British-built architectural sites in Lucknow include the Vidhan Sabha(State legislative Assembly),

the clock tower and the Charbagh Railway Statiob, with its distinctive domes, arches and pillars.

Husainbad Clock Tower

Some of the oldest schools in India are also situated in Lucknow.La Martiniere Lucknow, St. Francis

College and the Colvin Taluqdars college.

Ambedkar memorial

Lucknow has severalwell kept parks that attract the citizenry in large numbers on evenings, holidays

and weekends. The bigger parks are Ambedkar Memorial and Lohiaa park in Gomtinagar, swarn

Jayanti Park and Aurobindo park in Indiranagar. The sprawling National Botanical Garden at

Sikandarbagh on the banks of Gomti river is also worth visiting.

Shopping

Sahara ganj mall


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Aminabad, a quaint bazaar like Delhis Chandni Chowk, is situated in the heart of the city. It is a

large shopping centre that caters a wide variety of consumers.

Chowk and Nakkhas are markets in the old lucknow area where you can get a feel of traditional

Lucknow. Some other important shopping centres are Alambagh, Kapoorthala, Indiranagar,

Mahanagar and Nishatganj.

The Hajratganj area is an upscale shopping market with colonial style buildings interestingly a

populae passtime among the locals is window- shopping in the Hajratganj market. The Janpath

market, lovers lane, Mayfair building, kwality, and the universal book stores are some popular

landmarks of the area.

REAL ESTATE

Real estate is one of the many booming sectors of the economy. There are several malls, residential

complexes and business complexes throughout the city. Real estate giants like Prashvanath, DLF,

Sahara, Unitech. API are here.

Lucknow is one of the few Indian cities that follows vertical outgrowth plan like Delhi, Mumbai, Surat

and Ghajiabad. The city boasts handsome skyline in Gomti nagar, Hajratganj and Kapoorthala. The

highest under construction building is Sahara hospital which will have 35 floors followed by Metro

city (30 floors) and Omaxe heights (23 floors). Presently the highest buildings are Shakti bhawan (21

floors) and OCR (20 floors). The city boasts a high property expansion rate. It is expectedthat city will

have $2.5 billion organised real estate by 2010.

Tube (Metro) Train

After Delhi and Kolkata, Metro trains are planned to be included in city transportation. The fesibility

study of this project is going on and metro trains will beruning in Lucknow by 2012.

Cuisine

When it comes to the dining, Lucknow is a culinary delight as the Awadh region has its own distinct

Nawabi style cuisine with various kinds of biryanis, kababs and breads like sheermal/ roomali oti all

very popular delicacies.

Seekh kababs

Lucknow has also pioneered the slow- fore cooking called Dum-Pukht. The world famous chef Imtiaz

Quereshi hails from Lucknow.

With several bakeries in town, the sweet toothed are never go unsatisfied. The delicious cakes,pasteries and the traditional Keiser-pista are sure to make you comeback for more.

The city has a wide range of fine restaurants catering to all tastes and budgets.


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The chaat in Lucknow is on par with the best you will get anywhere in the country. There are quite a

few places serving outstanding chaat like Shukla Chaat in Ganeshganj, Moti Mahal. Radhey lal in

Aliganj Chappan bhog in Sadar and Mahesh sweets in Nirala nagar.

Localities

The urban area is spread equally on both sides of the gomti river. The commercial and residentialareas on cis-gomti are Hahratganj, Alambagh, Charbagh, Aminaabad, Husainganj, Lal Bagh,

Golaganj, Wazirganj, Rajendra Nagar, Malviya Nagar, Sarojini Nagar, Aishbagh, Rajajipuram,

Haiderganj, THAKURGANJ, Chowk and Saadatganj.

The residential settlements in the Trans-Gomti area are Nirala Nagar, Aliganj, Daliganj, Mahanagar,

Old and new Hyderabad, Nishatganj, Indira nagar, Gomtinagar, Nilmattha cantt, Vikas nagar and

Janakipuram.

Culture

Lucknow is bravely struggling to retain its old world charm while at the same time acquiring a

modern lifestyle. Regarded as one of the finest cities of India, Lucknow represents a culture that

combines emotional warmth, a high degree of sophistication, courtesy and a love for gracious living.

The pehle-aap(after you) culture. Popularised as a tagline for the society of Lucknow as waning. The

sublime cultural richness famous as Lakhnawi tehzeeb blends the culture of two communities living

side by side for centuries, sharing similar interests and speaking a common language.

Many of the cultural traits and custom peculiar to Luvknow have become living legends today. The

credit for this goes to the secular and syncreis traditions of the nawbas of Awadh, who took a keen

interest in every walk of life, and encouraged the traditions to attain a rare degree of sophistication.

Dance and Music

Kathak, the classical Indian dance from south took shape here. Wajid Ali Shah. The last nawzb of

Awadh, was a great patron and passionate champion of kathak. Lachhu Maharaj and Birju Maharaj

have kept this tradition alive.

Lucknow is also the city of eminent Ghajal singer Begum Akhtar. She was a pioneer in Ghazal singing

and took this aspect of music to great heights. Ae mohabbat tere anjaam pe rona aaya is one of

the best musical renditions of all times.

The Bhatkhande music University at Lucknow is named after the great musician Pandit Vishnu

Narayan Bhatkhande.

Lucknow has given music legends like Naushad Ali, Talat Mehmood,mAnup Jalota and Baba Sehgal to

the entertainment industry. It also incidentally the birthplace of British pop legend sir Cliff Richard.


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PRESENT STATUS OF HOTEL

INDUSTREY IN LUCKNOW


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PRESENT STATUS OF HOTEL INDUSTRY IN LUCKNOW

HOTELSFive Star

:The Piccadily, sector B Bara Birwa, Kanpur Road

: The Taj Residency,Gomti Nagar

: Hotel Clarks Avadh,8 Mahatma Gandhi Road

Four Star

: Hotel Sagar International, 14-A ,Jopling Road

: Hotel Gemini Continental, 10, Rani Laxmi Bai Marg

: Hotel Deep Palace , Cantt Road


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CHAPTER 5

TECHNICAL ASPECTS OF THE

BLUE LOTUS


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Chapter - 5

Technical Aspects Of The Blue Lotus

It is clear from the demand analysis that a hotel with 100 rooms is feasible in Gomti

Nagar in Lucknow Technical details of the Htel BLUE LOTUS are discussed in this chapter. As the cost

involved for the contribution of single room is more or less equal to that of double rooms. Nowadays

only double rooms are constructed.

BREAK-UP OF THE ROOM

TYPES OF ROOMS NO OF ROOMS

DOUBLE 90

SUITE 10

TOTAL 100

SIZE OF THE ROOM

a. Double Room => 15 X 14 =210 sq.ft.

Total area of double rooms = 16800 sq.ft.

b. Suite => 20 X 16 = 320 sq.ft.

Total area of Suite room = 3520 sq.ft.

Therefore

Total area of room = Area of Double Room + Area of Suite Room

=16800 + 3520

=2000 sq.ft.


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HOTEL BUILDING

Basement

Basement Layout Square Feet

Accounts Department 340

Personal Department 300

Time Office 200

Receiving Area 300

House keeping 100

Fire escape 2000

Passage and corridors 500

Laundry 500

Staff cafeteria 400

Locker(male) 400

Locker(female) 400

Stores 400Purchase department 200

Uniform exchange room 200

Linen exchange room 2000

General manager office 200

Engineering and maintenance department 230

Centralized A/C 700

Service lift 100

Security office 200

T.V. channel music 170

Total 800 sq. Ft


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GROUND FLOOR

Ground floor Square feet

Reception 700

Reservation 200

Telephone 200

Back office 300

Bell desk 200

Cashier 200

Lobby 1000

Travel desk 330

Flourists 100

Guest stairs 60

Guest lift 70

Service lift 100Service stairs 60

Shos\business center 600

Kitchen and room service cabin 1000

House keeping pantry 80

Setback corridors 100

Fire escape 80

Bar cum restaurant 1000

Banquet hall 1250

Coffee shop 750

Guest toilet 160

Guest safety locker 60

Health club 640TOTAL AREA 7480

First floor

First floor Square feet

Service lift 100

Fire escape 80

Guest stairs 60

Service stairs 60

Guest lift 70

Set back area and corridors 600House keeping pantry 150

Double room (15*14)25 5240

Speciality restaurant 1200

Room service 140

TOTAL AREA 7710 sq. Ft


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Second Floor

SECOND FLOOR SQUARE FEET

Service lift 100

Fire escape 90Guest stairs 150

Service stairs 60

Guest lifts 70

Set back areas corridors 1700


Double room(20) 4200

Suites(3) 640

Room service pantry 190

TOTAL AREA 7400sq. Ft

Third floor

THIRD FLOOR SQUARE FEET

Service lift 100

Fire escape 80

Guest stairs 60

Service stairs 60

Guest lifts 70

Set back areas corridors 1500



Suites(3) 960

Room service pantry 170TOTAL AREA 7400

Fourth floor

FOURTH FLOOR SQUARE FEET

Service lift 100

Fire escape 80

Guest stairs 60

Service stairs 60

Guest lifts 70

Set back areas corridors 1910House keeping pantry 200


Suites(5) 1600

Room service pantry 170

TOTAL AREA 7400sq. Ft


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Therefore

Land area required is =65,000sq. Ft.

Total build up area =45,390sq. Ft.

Covered land =7,800sq. Ft.

Open area(garden and parking) =5,200sq. Ft.

1. By place we mean that selection of best location for the hotel. The location is considered asone of the most important decision. Considering various barometers. Connected with

choosing of the location, a suitable site was finalised. The site for the construction of the

proposed hotel is in gomtinagar lucknow.

Distance From Important Places

Airport - 18 km

Bus stand 12 km

Railway Station 17 km

Main market - 10 km

The place selected , for the proposal project is also very calm nad not very densely populated, so it

gives privacy and peace to the guest

Hospitality Products Offered

a. Proposed hotel will recruit professional managers and skilled professionalsb.

Shall invite the culture of excellent service in the proposed hotel

c. Shall provide guest with many cuisins like continental, Chinese ,awadhaid. Shopping arcade :this is attached toreeption counter. It consist of

>Travel desk

>Handicraft soft

>Chemist

>Banking facilities

>Beauty parlour

These are the basic needs and should be provided because for these ,guest may find it difficult to ut

of the hotl every now and then.the travel desk does the looking for the guest travel through railways

or nav. Other passenger carrieage system. They conduct tourswithin and out side the city.banking

facility is a necessaty for the tourist to exchange their deposits , cheque or currency.at the parlour

attached to the health club will provide all facilities, which the guest needs.the chemist will wok

rond the clock as an emergency can arrive anytime .


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e. Business centerThe hotel provides facilities for :

i.fax

ii.Telex

iii.E-mail service

iv.Internet

v.Xerox

These facilities provide efficient secretarial and other service which can increase the no of

business clients.

f. Lockers: this is to help the gest who are carring valuable like jewelley,currency or very doc.Etc.,to safe guard abd prevent theft

g. Car park : this is provided at the side of te hotel.about 35-45 cars and 15 wheelers can bearked here .

FOOD AND BEVERAGES OUTLETS OF THE HOTEL

MOKSHA 24 HOURS COFFEE SHOP

DAWAT E KHAS Awadhi cuisine specislity restaurant

11 am 3 pm

7 pm 11.30 pm

MINGS GARDEN CHINESE SPECIALITYRESTAURANT

11 am 3 pm

7 pm 11.30 pm

ROOM SERVICE 24 HOURS

BALL ROOM BANQUET HALL(UP TO 97 PAX)

GUFTAGOO BANQUET HALL(UP TO 500 PAX)

MEHFIL BAR 11 am- 11.30 pm

FACILITIES IN THE ROOM

All rooms will have wall-to-wall carpeting. The minimum furniture will be abed, wardrobe, suitcase rack, writing desk,chair, sofa set and refrigerator .the suit will have an attached living room

with the required furniture provided with refrigerator provided with wine and bar. All rooms wil

have channel music ,colour t.v. ,a.c. and a telephone . all rooms will have attached bathrooms

with 24 hr hot and cold water supply. The bathroom will also have the required toiletries such as

soap, shampoo, toothbrush, paste, shaving kit, hairbrush, powder, towels etc.


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Guest stationary and a sewing kit will be provided with special room service menu card , house

keeping cards and telephone directory

: In order to ensure price for the products the hoel sells, is has to follow a method of fixin the

price .the two methods are

a. Follow the leads methodsb. Market penetration method

In this case market penetration method is used by keeping the price slightly lower than the

competition

TYPES OF ROOMS NO OF ROOMS

Double rooms 90

Suite rooms 10

TARIFF

Type of rooms Single occupancy (in Rs.) Double occupancy (in Rs.)

Double rooms 2500 2750

Suite rooms 3700 3950

The pricing of the speciality restaurant and coffee shop will e finalized after construction of

the hotel and after studying the pricing policy of other in lucknow

4. PROMOTION

a. Before Inauguration : some of the methods that will be adopted in the promotion of the

hotel.

before inauguration are

i. Advertising : the advertising of the hotel will begin when the project is nearing

completion. The different that will be adopted are through local media , national media, bill

board and banners. By the appointments of sale executives , VIPs company officials and

head of institute can be contacted aong with leaflets and folders.

ii. Data Base : this is sending personalised letter to executives of certain selected companies

all over India .

iii. Travel agent : the travel agent operating i the local market and those who passes

necessary license to represent the important domestic carries such as Airlines, Railways and

road transport are informed to promote the guest into the hotel

b.After Inauguration : after the inauguration of the hotel the promotion of the hotel can be

done by

i. Food Festivals : food festivals should be held with wide publicity from time to time

ii.Discounts.: certain discount will be given to selected groups like :-Children below the age of 5

- regular guest

-Educational tour groups

- VVIPS


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A complimentary fruit basket and cookies canbe provided for teh residential guest. Special

service are provided for VIPs and VVIPs

ROOM SERVICE

The room service will operate 24 hours. They will have a slightly concise form of the coffee shop

menu.

BUSINESS CENTER

A well equipped business centre will be incorporated to provide services to all machine, OHP, etc.

FRONT OFFICE

As front office is a critical department in a hotel in view of its revenue generating capacity andinfluencing hotel image. This department will contain a reception, cashier, telephones, bell desk and

reservation office.

LOBBY

The lobby will be aesthetically decorated. It will be furnished with sitting arrangement. There will be

two elevators in the lobby.

FOOD AND BEVERAGES PRODUCTION

This department will handle the production of all F & B items. The food will be nutritionally prepared

and aesthetically presented.

HOUSE KEEPING

The housekeeping office will be situated in the basement area. This department is very important to

upkeep the hotel the hotel. The laundry comes under this department.

PERSONNEL DEPARTMENT

This department controls the staff in the hotel and also controls the administration of the hotel. Its

office is located in the basement.

ENGINEERING AND MAINTENANCE

This department is responsible for the maintenance of furniture, fixture and for rectifying faults in

electric equipments, etc. This department will be situated in basement.

ACCOUNTS DEPARTMENT


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This department handles all different accounts of all departments in the hotel and settles them

accordingly. This department will be situated in the basement area.


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CHAPTER 6

RECOMMENDED MARKET

MIX


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Chapter 6

Recommended Market MixThe data collected in Lucknow helps to show that a 100 room 3 star hotel is commercially feasible,

located in Gomti Nagar LucknowTo endure a successful promotional strategy, it is essential to implement the 7 Ps of marketing in

the most efficient names the main purpose of strategy option is to create and maintain demand for

the facilities in the proposed hotel.

The 7 Ps are

PRODUCT

PRICE

PLACE

PROMOTION

PEOPLE

PROCESS

PHYSICAL EVIDENCE

PRODUCT

The hotel will be well equipped with all the necessary items.All the rooms will have necessary items

and few rooms will also offer extra services.Hotel will have a coffee shop and a specialty restaurant.

PROPOSED HOTEL

Land area required :65,000 sq. Ft.

Total built-up area :45,390 sq. Ft.

Expected clients tourists, business & holidays

Types of room Double rooms-90

Suite Rooms-10

Total-100


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The balance requirement of manpower is adjusted by appointing trainees from various hotel

management institutes of lucknow and other states. In marketing planning , we use market

information to access situation.We have to select specific marketing target for each segment on sub

division of the market. We formulate a combination of marketing programming to reach a

particular target on maket segment .The combination of these marketing methods on devices is

known as the marketing mix , as well as a target market for whom the market mix is prepared. Thebasic elements on

Variables that make up a marketing mix are as follows :

1. Place

2.Product

3. Price

4.Promotion

These four ps of Marketing are closely interrelated. Another way the marketing mix to the blendingof these four ingredients.

1.PLACE: By place we mean that selection of the best location for the hotel. The location is

considered as one of the most important decision . Considering various barometers connected with

choosing of the location a suitable suite was finalized . The site for the construction of the proposed

hotel is located in Gomti nagar , Lucknow .

Distance From Important Location

Airport -18km

Bus stand-12km

Railway station -12km

Main market -10km

The place selected for the proposed project is also very calm and not very densely populated, so it

gives privacy and peace to the guest .

PRICE: The pricing of a room may play an important role and with so much of competition already

existing . One has to be very carefull without letting the hotel image suffer , initially the rates should

be kept lower to attract customers who are economy minded and tourist.

PLACE:By place we mean the best location for the hotel. The location decision is considered to be

one of the most important decision which can make or break a hotel. In the hospitality business

therefore location decision have a prime place . Keeping this in mind the prime location for the hotel

is Lucknow which is near to ISBT and AIRPORT.


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PEOPLE: The staff employed will act as an image builder of the hotel . Therefore there are required

to have an impressive personality . A well dressed , articulate, efficient staff reflects the food

standard of a hotel . The sales person of the hotel are ones , who market the hotel . Therefore it is

necessary to recruit well trained staff for managerial position. Person with suitable qualification

should be recruited.

PROMOTION: Under the promotion category following are considered :

1.Advertisement

2.Personal Selling

3.Sales Promotion

4.Publicity and Public relations

In todays world advertising is very important to have business. This can be done through media .

Media can be of different types:

a)The personal selling efforts can be achieved by appointing sales executives and guest relation

executives. They can contact companies , VIPS , officials or heads of institutions , along with

coloured brochures , leaflets, etc of hotel property.

b)The sales promotion effort can be advocated through incentives like food , package towns ,

transport with discount .

As regarding publicity it is recommended that once the decision is taken there should be a grand

foundation laying ceremony when the hotel is ready for operation.

PROCESS: Marketing has to follow a set procedure associated with the operation of the hotel. They

have to be very systematic for efficient and effective service.

P

51512331-project

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