GRAPHICAL GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF REPRESENTATION OF STATISTICAL DATASTATISTICAL DATACHARTS AND DIAGRAMS

TYPES OF GRAPHICAL TYPES OF GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATIONSREPRESENTATIONS1. BAR CHARTS2. PIE CHARTS3. FREQUENCY POLYGON AND

HISTOGRAMS4. DOT PLOTS5. BOX PLOTS6. SCATTER DIAGRAM7. TREE DIAGRAM

BAR CHARTSBAR CHARTSA graph in which the classes are

reported on the horizontal axis and the class frequencies on the vertical axis. The class frequencies are proportional to the heights of the bar.

TYPES OF BAR CHARTS :1. SIMPLE BAR CHART 2. MULTIPLE BAR CHART3. COMPONENT BAR CHART

SIMPLE BAR CHARTSIMPLE BAR CHARTA normal bar chart (or just a bar chart)is called

simple bar chart. For example the simple bar chart between the

months of the year 2009 and the high temperatures in this year will be:

MULTIPLE BAR CHARTSMULTIPLE BAR CHARTSIt is a bar chart used to compare two similar fields

graphically.

For example a bar chart depicting the percentage of women in the workforce in 1960 and 1996 will be:

COMPONENT BAR CHARTCOMPONENT BAR CHARTIt is a type of bar chart in which two or more

than two fields are added in a single bar to compare more data in a single bar chart. For example the component bar chart for the points scored by the teams A , B, and C will be :

PIE CHARTSPIE CHARTSA chart that shows the proportion or percent

that each class represents of the total number of frequencies.

For example a pie chart that represents the types of multimedia used now-a-days will be:

FREQUENCY POLYGON AND HISTO FREQUENCY POLYGON AND HISTO GRAMSGRAMSFrequency polygon:

Frequency polygons are a graphical device for understanding the

shapes of distributions, but are especially helpful in comparing sets of data. Frequency polygons are also a good choice for displaying cumulative frequency distributions.

Histogram:A histogram is a graphical method for displaying the shape of a distribution. It is particularly useful when there are a large number of observations. It is represented by joining all bars of a simple bar chart.

DOT PLOTSDOT PLOTSA dot plot is a statistical chart consisting of group of

data points plotted on a simple scale. Dot plots are used for continuous, quantitative data. Data points may be labeled if there are few of them. The dot-plot for the energy use in USA in 2005 will be:

BOX PLOTSBOX PLOTSIn descriptive statistics, a box plot or box-plot (also known as a box-

and-whisker diagram or plot) is a convenient way of graphically depicting groups of numerical data through their five-number summaries: the smallest observation (sample minimum), lower quartile (Q1), median (Q2), upper quartile (Q3), and largest observation (sample maximum). A box-plot may also indicate which observations, if any, might be considered outliers.

SCATTER DIAGRAMSCATTER DIAGRAMA scatter plot is a type of mathematical diagram using Cartesian coordinates to display values for two variables for a set of data .The data is displayed as a collection of points, each having the value of one variable determining the position on the horizontal axis and the value of the other variable determining the position on the vertical axis .It is very easy to understand the nature of the given data using dot-plot:

TREE DIAGRAMTREE DIAGRAMTree diagram is a graphic tool which systematically

breaks down, and then maps out in increasing detail, all components or elements of a condition, phenomenon, process, or situation, at successive levels or stages .For example the tree diagram for the probability of possible results of tossing a coin three times would be:

PREPARED BYPREPARED BY M.AATIF ISHTIAQROLL NO. 119 BSCS 2010