Starting from the bottom of the income pyramid (BoP)

A presentation for WAME

Expo Milano 2015. June 17.

Role of : Renewable Energy, Technology & Innovation

By Shyama V. Ramani

UNU-MERIT &

Friend In Need India

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Base of the Pyramid (BOP) Reality

UNITED NATIONS MILLENIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS

Lack access to electricity or reliable electricity

Use of biomass fuels for cooking walking to get the wood

Lack of access to water or safe drinking water walking to get water

Lack of access or lower preference for toilets & waste management

Lack of education

Lack of healthcare

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Why do we need to change the BOP reality?

Because its not fair or just that people should live without basics?No, this is just a little bit of the explanation

It is because we all have a LOT to gain from changing the BoP reality

We can get a warm glow from doing good

Companies can increase their profit by selling to them

Companies can improve their sustainability capital ..mainstream consumers will be loyal and tend to buy from companies which are doing good in the long run

We can all learn from serving themeven companies.

And thus changing the BoP reality is a SMART way to fight polarization, targeted hatred against groups, distress emigration, terrorism and climate change

From Energy, poverty and development UNDP (2010)

Where are the energy poor?

5 5

Source : IFC World bank group (2006) The Next Four Billion

- Improving the Quality of Life of the 4 bn people living in poverty through innovative solutions and -comprehensive business models: - not charity - creating value for

business and society through multi-sector

collaboration

Wheres energy in the BoP markets?

Installation of the Solar drier in Kameswaram beach September 2008

Sun - the fabulous renewable source & my Solar Saga.

Training fisherwomen thereafter

A Fence is needed ! And a Lock ! And Ownership Rights !

By 2009 a new safety hazard in the village

2011-2013

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Moral of the story..for renewable energy for the BoP.. Go through the checklist for successful diffusion

innovation satisfies technological and social appropriateness

Available

Technology design

Confirm/Create demand

Confirm need

Confirm sustained use

Confirm adoption and

growth

Adequate knowledge and skills to use innovation

Supporting financial schemes

Maintenance services

Incentive schemes for sustained use and continuous innovation

Regulation to ensure safety

Accessible

Affordable

Social protocols

Context requirements

Delivery design

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Mirror Mirror on the wall which is the best innovation of them all?

P.S.- for the BoP setting?

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Mirror Mirror on the wall which is the best product or technology or innovation

of them all? P.S.- for the BoP setting?

?

?

Why ? Because life is about keeping up with the Joneses . And catching-up with the non-BoP communities

Low demand for nontraditional cookstove technologies By Mobarak et al. (2011)

If its only for the poor you might as well give it free

Benefits of Harvesting Urine (Courtesy: SCOPE, Trichy India)

Conservation of water and infrastructure (water and waste water)

Energy Conservation

Use as fertilizer (Direct application, struvite,

composting, etc.)

Use as industrial feed stock (NH3, H2)

Improved wastewater treatment

You can improve access to sustainable energy without a lot of money also.

Sustainable energy with new behavioural routines

Ecosan Program Implementation at Bangalore, India

Source:Lokesh

Urine & Faeces

Fertilizer

Urine

Source : GTZ

Human Excreta is a Potent Fertilizer An

example

(Courtesy: SCOPE, Trichy India)

SCOPE, Trichy 18

Food Waste

Bio digester Bio gas

Food waste and kitchen waste can be converted into good manure and also for production of gas for cooking

(Courtesy: SCOPE, Trichy India)

*http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/articles/2013/04/why-africa-is-missing-the-solar-electricity-boat.html

*http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/articles/2013/04/why-africa-is-missing-the-solar-electricity-boat.html

ustainability over time and for environment = Quality

vailability over space in sufficient quantity;

ffordability within their budget;

spirational it should symbolize catching-up and not being

.poor;

ttractive things for the poor are too often ugly;

epairability poor cannot afford to throw away;

afe things for the poor are usually low in quality.

olicy there is a need to rewrite policies, regulatory frames,

public programs; enabling environments.

ndustrial capabilities in renewable energy Sectors;

Manpower, scientific, technological and innovative.

ncentives via Industrial policy, competition policy, S&T;

artnership Need for creative partnerships;

eaders Leaders among firms, among bureaucrats, among

scientists and among social enterprises must emerge.

ntrepreneurship of all kinds institutional, techno, business,

scientific is needed.

Thank You for

Listening !