6 thinking hats
TRANSCRIPT
6 Thinking Hats
Edward De Bono
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The Originator
Dr. Edward de Bono M.D., Ph.D., (philosophy, medicine &
psychology), Rhodes scholar, world-known expert in creative thinking. The 6 Thinking Hats is one such technique.
World-renowned consultant to business, governments, schools and industry
Author of 62 books in 40 languages Originator of Six Thinking Hats, Lateral
Thinking and Direct Attention Thinking Tools
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Results Around The World
Since 1993 over 200,000 trained In use by many of the largest & most
successful organizations worldwide Works well in different cultures Applies at all levels & across disciplines
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The Basics
There are six different imaginary hats that you can put on or take off.
Think of the “hats” as thinking icons.
Each hat is a different color and represents a different type or mode of thinking.
We all wear the same hat (do the same type of thinking) at the same time.
When we change hats - we change our thinking.
The main idea is to have the group only “wear one hat at a time” when considering a problem. The wearing of the hat is metaphorical. At any one time, everyone will wear the same colour, in other words, look at the problem at hand from only one perspective, the perspective indicated by the hat colour.
“Thinking--The Ultimate Human Resource”
We can always improve our thinking skills.
Confused thinking arises from trying to do too much at once.
We should emphasize what can be, not what is.
Different ways of thinking:
• information
• logic
• emotions
• desires
• creativity We think in different ways simultaneously, often
generating confusion Ex.: we look for a logical excuse for emotions
HOW WE THINK…
Objectives of Six Thinking Hats Increase the constructive output from meetings and decrease
meeting times Explore each situation or problem and generate alternatives
that go beyond obvious solutions • Half Black & Half White Car
Use 'Parallel Thinking' techniques as a powerful alternative to Adversarial Thinking • Removes the “ego” from the discussion process• De Bono uses the thinking "hat" metaphor because of
familiar expressions such as “put on your thinking cap (hat)”
Results of Six Hat Thinking
Decisions Seem to Make
Themselves!
Two Main Purposes For Six Thinking Hats
Simplifies thinking by having to deal with one thing at a time.
Allows a switch in thinking without threatening ego.
What is parallel thinking?
At any moment everyone is looking in the same
direction.
So the six hats are…?
Six colors of hats for six types of thinking• Each hat identifies a type of thinking• Hats are directions of thinking
Hats help a group use parallel thinking• You can “put on” and “take off” a hat
Six Thinking Hats Six Hats Reduce Confusion
• The main difficulty with thinking is confusion• We try to do too much at once. Emotions, information, logic, hope
and creativity all crowd in on us.• Why not try and do these different types of thinking one at a time
Six Hat Think Parallel• Everyone sees the same situation with a different perspective from
everyone else• In arguments we try to best each other• Facts versus opinions• Positive possibilities versus negative possibilities• Unrealistic expectations versus practicalities
Uses for Six Hats
Problem solving Strategic planning Running meetings Transformer of personality Removes ego Saves time Empowers organization
Six colors…
White: neutral, objective Red: emotional, angry Black: serious, somber Yellow: sunny, positive Green: growth, fertility Blue: cool, sky above
…and six hats
White: objective facts & figures Red: emotions & feelings Black: cautious & careful Yellow: hope, positive & speculative Green: creativity, ideas & lateral thinking Blue: control & organization of thinking
Problem Statement / Scenario
IT Manager identifies reduced productivity in his team
Few areas impacting productivity of the team
More working hours leading to fatigue
Tight schedule and missed deadlines
Difficulty in dealing with customer complaints
All these areas are related to Work Load Pressure
Approach to Problem SolvingApproach:1
Identify solutions to each of the problem
Approach:2
Identify problem based on facts
Analyze problem from various perspective
Generate ideas
Come to a consensus by the entire team and
select feasible solutionsLogically, Approach 2 is a better choiceLogically, Approach 2 is a better choice
A technique to adapt this approach is to use Six Thinking Hats A technique to adapt this approach is to use Six Thinking Hats
General hat issues
Direction, not description• Set out to think in a certain direction• “Let’s have some black hat thinking…”
Not categories of people• Not: “He’s a black hat thinker.”• Everyone can and should use all the hats
A constructive form of showing off• Show off by being a better thinker• Not destructive right vs. wrong argument
Use in whole or in part
Benefits of Six Thinking Hats Provides a common language Experience & intelligence of each person
(Diversity of thought) Use more of our brains Helps people work against type, preference Removal of ego (reduce confrontation) Save time Focus (one thing at a time) Create, evaluate & implement action plans
Using the hats
Use any hat, as often as needed Sequence can be preset or evolving Not necessary to use every hat Time under each hat: generally, short Requires discipline from each person
• While using it, stay in the idiom Adds an element of play, play along Can be used by individuals and groups
Yellow Hat - Sunshine
What Black Hat : Reality Check
What Black Hat is Not: Negativity
Results ABB multinational project discussions from thirty days down to
two days IBM reduced meeting times by one quarter Australian Cricket Team recognized the role played by Six
Thinking Hats in World Cup 2003 victory Venezuela has formally introduced de Bono's thinking methods
into the school curriculum
Perspective about Six Thinking hats
Leading corporations where practice of 6 Hats Thinking was a run-away success:
IBM
Statoil ( Norway)
Siemens
Ford
McKinsey
Ericsson
Advantages of adopting Six Hats method thinking
Focused Thinking Emphasis on parallel thinking Symbolic role Transformer of personality Removes ego Saves time Empowers organization
How to Use the Hat
Single Use
Sequence Use Evolving Sequence Preset Sequence
Group and Individual
Individual in Group
Rules to be followed while using hats
» Discipline
» Direction not description
» Timing
» No fixed sequence to follow.
» Blue hat should always be used both at beginning and at end.
Single Hat and Sequence Use The hats can be used singly at any point in
thinking. In general, this is the major use. The hats are used as a convenience for directing thinking and for switching thinking.
Simple sequences of two or three hats may be used together for a particular purpose. For example, the yellow hat followed by the black hat may be used to assess an idea. The black hat followed by the green hat may be used to improve a design. (All Weather bike)
Evaluation Sequence
To discover the positive aspects and negative aspects of an idea. You use the yellow hat before the black hat. You could follow up with the green hat (new ideas) and red hat (feelings) thinking.Examples: Consider positive and negative
Not doing homework one night. Swapping toys with friends.
Caution Sequence
Looking critically at situations. You are first considering facts with the white hat.
Then use the black hat to discover difficulties.
This can be followed up with some blue hat or red hat thinking.
Examples: consider the consequences Throwing most of your lunch in the bin everyday. Not letting someone know where you are going.
Design Sequence
Encourage students to create new ideas, products or improvements to existing designs. Use the blue, green and red hats.
Example: use design sequence to create A better toothbrush Alternatives to homework.
Angry,
Afraid
Excited……
.
Six Thinking Hats- Summary
Emotional
Informative Positive
Cautious
CreativeFocused
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1st Qtr 2nd Qtr
Spouse has left the job & plans to start a Pizza Franhisee
Spouse Starting a Pizza FranchiseYellow Hat· Quit your job and be your own boss· Free pizza· No commute · Learn business principles· Your spouse can work for you· The franchise is affordable· The equipment is new· The location is in a good spot· College is near by
White Hat· How profitable is a Smoking Joes franchise?· How many pizza places are within five miles?· How many people in the area eat pizza?· What other kinds of places are there to eat near by?· Average sale value?
Black Hat· Given our bank balance, can I really afford it?· Do we have the appropriate credentials to get a loan?· What is our POA if another food competitor moves in nearby?
Red Hat · What is your gut feel about buying this franchise and why?•How do I feel being a franchisee owner?
Green Hat· Why Smoking Joes?· How about another pizza place?· How about a Dosa Diner franchise?· Why buy a franchise, how about independent ownership?· Why buy a restaurant, why not a health club?
Blue Hat· Control the meeting, the rules, and the flow of ideas.
“You see, all the right things are written in books and research papers.
The trick is to ensure that there is no gap between what is written in the books and your vision; from what is happening on the shop-floor and what is going on in the marketplace.
That is execution. That is what makes the difference”
Mukesh Ambani