6.00 apply procedures to maintain landscapes and landscape equipment. 6.01 apply procedures to...
TRANSCRIPT
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6.00 Apply procedures to maintain landscapes and landscape
equipment.
6.01 Apply procedures to prune, fertilize and mulch landscape plants.
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Pruning Procedures to Maintain Landscape Plants
• Decide the time to prune.
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Winter pruning
• Branches can be seen on deciduous plants.
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Winter pruning
• Most plants are not flowering and are dormant.
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Winter pruning
• Examples of plant to prune include crape myrtle, glossy abelia and most broadleaf evergreens.
NO, NO, NO YES, YES, YES
Crape Myrtles
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Winter pruning
• Glossy Abelia
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Spring Pruning
• Swelling buds indicate live branches.• There is not much foliage to block shape of the
plant.• Provides maximum time for cuts to heal.• New leaves hide fresh cuts.
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Spring Pruning
• Early spring flowering plants produce flower buds for next year’s flowers on summer growth.
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Spring Pruning
• Examples of plants to prune in the spring include Azalea, Forsythia (after they flower, late
spring early summer), conifers and broadleaf evergreens.
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Summer Pruning
• Allows time for wounds to heal before winter.
• Branches are difficult to see because of leaves.
video link:
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Summer Pruning
• Examples of plants to prune in summer include Ligustrum, Boxwoods, and other broadleaf evergreens.
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Fall Pruning
• Small branches can be pruned in early fall if there is enough time for new growth to harden and the wound to heal before winter.
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Fall Pruning
• Early spring flowering plants should NOT be pruned in the fall (these buds are set in late summer for the following year’s flowers).
• Examples of plants to prune in the fall include summer flowering plants and broadleaf evergreens.
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Types of Pruning
• Thinning
• Heading Back
• Rejuvenation
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Thinning
• Remove an entire branch back to the trunk or main stem.
• Examples: all deciduous trees—Redbud, Red Maples, River Birch, Crape Myrtle.
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Heading Back
• Shorten the length of the branch.• Examples: several broadleaf shrubs—Eleagnus,
Camellias, Wax Myrtle, Laurels.
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Rejuvenation
• Remove extensive amounts of mature branches to promote new growth of unkept and or damaged shrubs. In some cases removing entire branches to the ground.
• Examples--Spireas
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Pruning Tools
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Select Tools Needed Based on Materials to be Pruned
• Size of branch Less than ½” diameter Use had pruners Use hedge shears to shape shrubs
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Pruning Tools
½” to 1 ½” diameter Use loppers
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Pruning Tools
Over 1 ½” diameter Use pruning saw or
chain saw
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Pruning Tools
• Location of branches to be pruned. Low enough to be reached standing on the
ground.Use any of the tools listed above.
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Pruning Tools
High enough NOT to be reached standing on the ground using tools listed above.Use pole pruner or power pole pruner.
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Pruning Safety
• When pruning, make sure you know where your non-cutting hand is at all times to prevent injury.
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Pruning Safety
• Look for electrical lines to prevent injury or damage to property.
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Pruning Safety
• Look for dead or hanging branches when positioning your ladder to prevent bodily injury.
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Pruning Safety
• Tie an extension ladder to the tree and have a spotter on the ground.
DON’T DO THIS
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Pruning Safety
• Drunk plenty of liquids to prevent dehydration.
• Take short frequent breaks to stay focused.
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Pruning Safety
• Use proper lifting techniques to prevent back and other injuries.
• Decide the safety hazard if any.
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PPE (Personal Protective Equipment)
• Goggles—wear to prevent damage to eyes due to dust and debris.
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PPE (Personal Protective Equipment)
• Chaps—(America version)—use protective covering for legs, typically made of kevlar, they are worn while using a chain saw.
(British version)—use male friends to warn you of impending danger while using a chain saw.
British chaps Hugh Laurie and Robert Pattinson
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PPE (Personal Protective Equipment)
• Gloves—wear to reduce injury from sharp blades and chains.
• Boots—wear to protect feet not only from pruning tools but also falling debris or dropped tools and equipment.
• Snug fitting clothing—wear to prevent clothing from being caught in moving equipment.
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PPE (Personal Protective Equipment)
• Hard hat—wear to prevent injury from falling tree limbs, branches, etc. May include face shield and ear muffs.
• Ear protection—wear to protect from hearing loss as most small engines produce over 90 decibels (db) which is the level at which sound waves can damage human hearing.
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Pruning Twigs and Small Branches
• Decide safety procedures and PPE that are needed, choose and use the correct PPE.
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Pruning Twigs and Small Branches
• Cut back to a vigorous bud or intersecting branch.
• Make cuts that do not leave a stub or that do not cut too close to the bud.
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Pruning Twigs and Small Branches
• Make slanting cuts when removing limbs that grow upward (prevents water collection and expedites healing).
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Pruning Thick Heavy Branches
• Decide safety procedures and PPE that are needed, choose and use the correct PPE.
• Remove just outside the branch collar. (not flush with the trunk).
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Pruning Thick Heavy Branches
• Avoid using paint or wound dressing to seal the cut (this may trap moisture and increase disease problems).
=
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Pruning Thick Heavy Branches
• Use a 3-part cut when cutting branches over 1 ½” diameter.
• 1st cut—saw the bottom of the branch 6”-12” out from the trunk and about 1/3 of the way through the branch.
• 2nd cut—saw down from the top about 3” farther out than the 1st cut, until the branch falls.
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Pruning Thick Heavy Branches
• 3rd cut—saw the stub back to the collar.
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Fertilization Procedures to Maintain Landscape Plants
herbaceous-soft stemmed, dies back in the winter
• Decide if the ornamental plant is woody or herbaceous.
woody-cambium, phloem and xylem tissue
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Fertilization Procedures to Maintain Landscape Plants—
Woody Ornamentals• Decide the frequency of application depending
on type of plant, plant vigor, desired growth rates and season of the year.
• Take a soil sample to get the recommended fertilizer ratio and rate of application.
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Fertilization Procedures to Maintain Landscape Plants
• Apply fertilizer according to soil sample report recommendations, or use 3-5 pounds of nitrogen per 1,000 square feet.
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Fertilization Procedures to Maintain Landscape Plants
• Apply fertilizer by broadcasting under the canopy of trees, shrubs and climbing vines or over the top of ground covers.
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Fertilization Procedures to Maintain Landscape Plants
Herbaceous Ornamentals
• Decide if the ornamental plant is woody or herbaceous.
• Decide the frequency and time of application based on the type of plant.
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Fertilization Procedures to Maintain Landscape Plants
Herbaceous Ornamentals
• Fertilize annuals at planting and at 6-8 week intervals during the growing season.
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Fertilization Procedures to Maintain Landscape Plants
Herbaceous Ornamentals
• Fertilize perennials at planting and once a year during growing season.
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Fertilization Procedures to Maintain Landscape Plants
Herbaceous Ornamentals
• Fertilize bulbs at planting and when they start to produce foliage.
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Fertilization Procedures to Maintain Landscape Plants
Herbaceous Ornamentals
• Calculate how much fertilizer is required to get a specific amount of nitrogen applied to ornamentals.
• Use ordinary garden fertilizer such as 10-10-10- or a slow-release fertilizer such as Osmocote.
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Mulching Procedures to Maintain Landscape Plants
• Decide the correct mulching material depending on desired appearance, availability and cost of materials.
• Purchase correct mulching material depending on desired appearance, availability and cost of materials.
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Mulching Procedures to Maintain Landscape Plants
• Take out about 2” of old mulch before spreading new mulch if total depth of old mulch is over 4”.
• Spread evenly about 1” of the same type of mulching material on top of the old mulch to maintain appearance (aesthetics) if plants were mulched when installed.
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Mulching Procedures to Maintain Landscape Plants
• Spread evenly about 2-3” of mulch if mulching was not done when the plants were installed.
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Mulching Procedures to Maintain Landscape Plants
• Keep mulch 3-5” away from young trees and shrubs and 8-12” away
from larger trees to prevent diseases.
Correct way to mulch Incorrect way to mulch