Metal-enclosed Single Busbar, Solid- and Air-insulated Switchgear, type FMXIEC Medium Voltage Switchgear up to 24 kV

FMX Smart, Innovative Design

offers Economic and Reliable Solution

Hydraulics

Powering

business

worldwide

Next generation

transportation

Eaton is driving thedevelopment of newtechnologies – from hybriddrivetrains and emission controlsystems to advanced enginecomponents – that reduce fuelconsumption and emissions intrucks and cars.

Higher expectations

We continue to expand ouraerospace solutions andservices to meet the needs ofnew aviation platforms,including the high-flying light jetand very light jet markets.

Building on our strengths

Our hydraulics businesscombines localised service andsupport with an innovativeportfolio of fluid powersolutions to answer the needsof global infrastructure projects,including locks, canals anddams.

Powering Greener Buildings

and Businesses

Eaton’s Electrical Group is aleading provider of powerquality, distribution and controlsolutions that increase energyefficiency and improve powerquality, safety and reliability.Our solutions offer a growingportfolio of “green” productsand services, such as energyaudits and real-time energyconsumption monitoring.Eaton’s Uninterruptible PowerSupplies (UPS), variable-speeddrives and lighting controls helpconserve energy and increaseefficiency.

Eaton delivers the power inside hundreds of products that

are answering the demands of today’s fast changing world.

We help our customers worldwide manage the power

they need for buildings, aircraft, trucks, cars, machinery

and entire businesses. And we do it in a way that

consumes fewer resources.

Automotive

Aerospace

Electrical

Truck

Hydraulics

Automotive

Aerospace

Electrical

Truck

Hydraulics

2

MV Switchgear Technology

is in our DNA

Eaton’s knowledge and understanding of industries, applications,technology and products enables us to offer customers safe, reliable and high performance solutions. We have been part of theMedium Voltage switchgear technology creation and thereforecarry what’s needed with us – always!

Complete MV switchgear solutions

The series of Eaton Medium Voltage systems offers switchgearand components for applications in distribution networks (mainstations, sub stations and transformer stations) and industrialpower supplies. These technically high quality systems are air- orepoxy-resin insulated and are always equipped with circuit-breakers based on proprietary vacuum interrupters.

The medium voltage switchgear systems carrying Eaton’s brandare based on the use of vacuum circuit-breakers combined withsolid insulation material. This is an environmentally-friendly technology in comparison with the methods used by many othersuppliers, which use SF6 as an insulation medium.

Eaton thus has a wide range of switching systems and components that offer an environmentally friendly solution forevery application. Additionally, Eaton’s global service network provides maximum customer support in all regions of the world.

Industry leading vacuum and solid insulation technology

Through more than eighty years of innovation and experience,Eaton has developed environmentally friendly vacuum interrupterscapable of reliably switching both normal load currents and highstress fault currents.

Eaton is one of the few companies in the world producing vacuuminterrupters and has succeeded in developing world class productswith international patents. This has been achieved throughcompany acquisitions over the years of Westinghouse, Cutler-Hammer, MEM and Holec.

To increase the dielectric strength of the vacuum interrupter, Eaton has also designed vacuum interrupters that are encapsulatedin epoxy resin material. The medium voltage IEC circuit breakerfamily utilizes this solid insulation technology that has been catering to a wide range of applications for more than 40 years.

Eaton’s range of SF6 free switchgear for Medium Voltage

3

FMX Smart, Innovative Design

offers Economic and Reliable Solution

Type FMX is Eaton's IEC single busbar, solid- and air-

insulated medium voltage switchgear system, for use up

to 24 kV. The system provides reliable switching,

protection, metering and distribution of electrical energy.

The modern design systemuses Eaton's state of the arttechnology and is manufacturedin accordance with the highestquality standards. Within thesystem our engineers haveintegrated Eaton coretechnologies, such as vacuumtechnology, solid insulation andelectrical field control. Morethan a century of experience indesign and production ofmedium voltage systems hasgone into the product. Type FMX switchgear featuresa reliable and compact systemdesign, which benefits fromthe best practices incorporatedin Eaton's current range of MV systems. The system istested according the lateststandard IEC 62271.

The system uses onlyenvironmentally friendlytechnology and materials. Since the type FMX system is based on vacuum technologyand solid insulation, the systemis the latest environmentallyfriendly "green" switchgear onthe market.

The new system incorporateshighly innovative technology, by implementing an electro -magnetic mechanism for thecircuit-breaker control, and itintroduces an integrated cabletest facility outside of the highvoltage compartment.

The FMX comprises a completerange up to 2000 A, with metal-enclosed modular compactpanels of a minimal 500 mmwidth. Both the 12 and 24 kVversions use the same compacthousing.

FMX completes the range ofEaton medium voltage switch -gear, being an extension to thesuccessful products MMS(double busbar), Unitole (with -drawable switchgear), SVS(single busbar secondary switch -gear) and Xiria (ring main unit).

In combination with Eaton's lowvoltage switchgear, busbartrunking, UPS products, projectmanagement and servicecapabilities, the FMX can be partof a state of the art, completesolution.

Application Areas

The FMX is ideally suited forapplications in main feederstations, sub-distributionstations and specific customerrequirements in (process)industry, commercial and

governmental buildings andinfrastructure projects. The design makes the FMXsystem especially suitable forapplications where a reliable,safe, economic (e.g. compact)and clean (e.g. non-toxic)environment is necessary.

Some applications are:

• Utilities (main- and sub-distribution stations)

• Commercial andgovernmental buildings

• Infrastructure projects(tunnels, subways, airports, etc.)

• Hospitals

• Process industry

• Cement industry

• Mining industry

• Automotive industry

• Petrochemical plants

• Textile and paper industry

• Food industry

• Data centres

4

Complete Range up to 2000 A

Safe in Use

• Compartments protectedagainst penetration byobjects

• Capacitive voltage detectionsystem for verification ofsafe isolation from supply

• Operation only possible withclosed cable compartment

• Logical mechanical andelectrical interlocks preventmal-operation

• Cable testing via integratedcable test facility outsidehigh voltage compartments

• Voltage transformers can be(dis)connected from theprimary circuit, with closedhigh voltage compartments

• Smooth contemporarydesign

Environmentally Friendly

• Minimised number ofcomponents

• Environmentally-friendlymaterials used in the design

• No use of SF6-gas forswitching and insulation(green switching)

• Energy-efficient productionand assembly, withenvironmentally friendlyenergy sources

• Minimal number oftransition points in theprimary design enables lowenergy loss during operation

• Only re-usable and/orrecyclable materials used

Reliable and Safe inOperation

• Complete design certified in accordance with IEC

• Arc fault tested inaccordance with IEC 62271-200

• Quality assurance inaccordance with DIN EN 9001

• Product quality guaranteedby execution of prescribedroutine tests duringproduction

• Single pole insulated primaryparts within onecompartment

• Separate busbarcompartment

• Integrated cable test facility

• Ferro-resonance protectedvoltage transformers

• Integrated (internal) arcabsorbers

Low Total Cost of Ownership

Low initial costs due to:• Panels minimum 500 mm

width

• Cable connection from thefront (back to wallarrangement)

• Integrated arc channel withabsorbers

• 12 kV and 24 kV panels inthe same housing

No costs during service due to:• Robust design with a

minimum number of parts(routine tested in factory)

• Long-life, using epoxy resinas insulation medium

• Maintenance-free circuit-breaker (electromagneticmechanism and vacuuminterrupters)

• No SF6 pressure checks

Low end of life disposal costdue to:• Vacuum switching

technology

• Solid insulation with air asinsulating medium

• Recycling or re-use ofmaterials

User Friendly

• Cable connection and userinterfaces for operation onthe frontside of the unit

• Ergonomic cable connectionheight of 750 mm from floorlevel

• Different cable cone lengthsfor easy cable connection

• Cable (secondary) entrypoints on both sides of thelow voltage compartmenttop plate

• Secondary cable terminalspositioned at a goodreachable height within thelow voltage compartment

• Clear and simple,straightforward operationpanels

• Facility for (dis)connectingthe voltage transformers,easily accessible from thefront without entering theHV compartment

• Integrated cable test facilitypositioned on the manualoperation panel

5

Features and Benefits(quick overview)

7. Vacuum interrupter

8. Manual operation panelwith position indicator

9. Current transformers

10. Cable cones

11. Coil and resistor forprotection against ferro-resonance

12. Voltage transformers

13. Low voltage compartment(electrical control panel)

14. Vacuum circuit-breaker with electromagneticmechanism

15. Cable test facility

16. Cable clamps

17. Earth bar

1. Protection relay

2. Arc absorber

3. Mimic diagram with pushbuttons for operation ofcircuit-breaker and two-position change-over switch

4. Busbar

5. Voltage detection system

6. Two-position change-overswitch

In addition, the number of panels capable of being used in an installation is unlimited, as several sections can easily beconnected. The panels in the FMX system are compact (min. 500 mm wide), resulting in considerable savings in costs and installation space.

6

Basic Design

The FMX system is

modular in construction.

This ensures that any

panel combination and

sequence is possible.

Circuit-breaker panel (example)

131

3

8 14

17

16

15

5

7

9

10

11

12

4

6

2

7

The vacuum circuit-breaker uses a simple and reliableelectromagnetic mechanism for operation of the vacuuminterrupters. The construction of the mechanical linkage betweenthe actuator and the drive rod of each of the three vacuuminterrupters is reduced in complexity, compared to a conventionalspring-charged mechanism.

Features

• Environmentally friendly vacuum interrupters

• Electromagnetic mechanism with controller

• Mechanical lever for hand-operated operation (switch off)

• Mechanical position indicator for Open / Closed position

• Auxiliary contacts for Open / Closed position

Main Components

Vacuum circuit-breaker

All panels are equipped with a change-over switch consisting ofinterconnected contact pins moving in the horizontal plane. Sinceit is mechanically interlocked, the change-over switch can only beoperated when the circuit-breaker is in the open position.

Features

• Motor or manually-operated switch with two positions (Service / Earthed)

• Interconnected contact pins moving in the horizontal plane

• Contact pins epoxy resin insulated and located in the busbarcompartment

• Auxiliary contacts for Service / Earthed positions

• Mechanical position indicators

• Interlocked with the vacuum circuit-breaker

Two-position change-over switch

The busbars in the panel are constructed from high-quality aluminiumbars of standardised cross-sections. The shape of the busbar hasbeen designed to attain optimal electrical field control.

Features

• Busbars constructed from high-quality aluminium

• Branch of busbars made of copper or aluminium

• Aluminium parts are coated with galvanic silver layer

• Contact surfaces are treated with Penetrox

• Housed in busbar duct covering the full width of the panel

• Air insulated

• Situated in fully closed compartment complying with IP4X degree of protection

Busbars

Epoxy resin (cast resin) is usedas high-quality primary solidinsulation material around liveparts.

By using cast resin technologyfor solid insulation, Eatondesign engineers can shape theparts specifically for optimalinsulation, robust constructionand cooling purposes.

With many years of experienceof design and manufacture ofepoxy resin insulatedcomponents, we have learnedto integrate conductors andvacuum interrupters directlyinto the moulding, and to make complex shapes. FMXutilises optimal field controlthrough the special design of all primary components.

8

Eaton Core Technologies

Solid insulation using cast resin technology

With conventional shapes forprimary components likebusbars and conductors, theelectrical field between thephases, and between phasesand earth, is non-uniformlydistributed. In areas with highfields, partial break-through can

trigger avalanches resulting inflash-overs. In-depthknowledge of breakthroughphenomena and field steeringtechniques enables us toprevent flash-over completely.The result is a particularlycompact design.

Electrical field control

Eaton vacuum interruptersconsist of a ceramic cylinder,housing a fixed and movablecontact. Movement of thecontact under vacuumconditions is performed bybellows. A shield surroundingthe contacts prevents theinsulators from becomingcontaminated by metal vapourproduced during currentinterruption. This shield alsoensures good potentialdistribution over the insulator.

A special feature of Eatonvacuum interrupters is that alarge number of parallel arcsare created between thecontacts. This "diffusedischarge" is characterised byvery low arc voltage and short

arc times, resulting in very lowarc energy. Contact wear in avacuum interrupter is thereforevirtually negligible. Vacuuminterrupters are maintenancefree and are certified up to30,000 operation cycles

Vacuum technology: safe, compact and reliable

1. Bellows

2. Bellows shield

3. Ceramic insulators

4. Movable contact

5. Magnetic laminations

2 45

3

1

To switch a vacuum interruptereffectively, the drivingmechanism has to operateaccording to a specific force-stroke characteristic (-), seethe diagram.

A conventional, spring operatedmechanism has force-strokecharacteristics (-) that differgreatly from the requiredcharacteristics. The requiredforce-stroke diagram thereforehas to be transferred from thespring characteristics, leadingto mechanisms that require alarge number of links moving athigh speed.

An electromagnetic mechanismhas a force-stroke diagram (-)that already resembles theforce-stroke characteristic thatis required for vacuumswitchgear. Thereforeelectromagnetic mechanismscan be very simple in theirconstruction. They consist of aminimum amount of parts andcan be coupled directly to the

vacuum interrupter, because ofthe favorable force-strokecharacteristics. Due to thisdirect coupling maximumrigidity is reached, which isadvantageous for the rate atwhich contact pressure isreached and the effectivenessof contact breaking.

To summarise, the electro -magnetic mechanism has thefollowing advantages:

• Superior reliability due to useof less parts and direct drivewith high rigidity

• Cost effective, maintenancefree and compact due to thelow number of parts

• Tested for a high number of30,000 switching cycles

Eaton's electromagnetic mechanism is based on the idea

of separating the magnetic circuits for closing, holding

and opening.

The mechanism consists of a permanent magnetic actuator andthe basic mechanism in which a drive rod is connected to thevacuum interrupter. The permanent actuator is mono-stable; onlythe closed position is maintained by permanent magnets. The endposition for opening, and therefore the stroke of the actuator, canbe chosen at random within certain limits. For this innovativeconcept, a patent has been granted.

The standard position of theplunger is in the upper position.In this position the circuit-breaker is in the open position.

Closing

To close the circuit-breaker, theclosing coil is energised. Thecurrent creates a magnetic fluxin the yoke, which forces theplunger down. The force on theplunger is directly proportionalto this current. When the forceon the plunger becomesgreater than the counteractingforces of the opening spring,the closing movement starts.When closed, the drive rod iskept in position by permanentmagnets.

Opening / tripping

Opening is basically a passiveaction: the energy stored in thecontact pressure spring and theopening spring is released. Therelease of this energy can beoccasioned by an integratedtrip coil, or a mechanical lever.

Tripping (opening) the circuit-breaker is done by energisingthe tripping coil. By this, themagnetic flux of the permanentmagnet is partly compensated.As soon as the holding force ofthe permanent magnet is lessthan that of the contactpressure spring, the plungerwill move to the upper position,consequently opening thecontacts in the vacuuminterrupters. Due to the force inthe contact pressure spring,the required energy for trippingis very low compared to closingthe breaker.

Force-stroke characteristics

- as required by vacuum switch

- as offered by a conventionalspring operated mechanism

- as offered by anelectromagnetic mechanism

9

Innovative Electromagnetic Mechanism

Innovative Electromagnetic Mechanism in FMX switchgear

The advantage of an electromagnetic mechanism

over a conventional spring operated mechanism

Stroke (mm)

Forc

e (N

)

Trip coil

Plunger

Holding plate

Permanent magnet

Closing coil

Drive rod

Yoke (mild steel)

Air gap

ClosingOpening

Eaton's proven technologies

have been integrated in the

design and development of

the FMX in order to ensure

that the switchgear is safe

and has high operational

reliability throughout its

complete lifetime.

Experience and knowledgegained over many years in theareas of cast resin technology,vacuum technology andelectrical field control havebeen implemented.

The system has beenthoroughly arc fault testedaccording to the latest standardIEC 62271-200.

Within the FMX design, different technologies are used to prevent an internal arc.

Use of electrical field control

Engineers designed the busbarcompartment and its components(e.g. busbars, conductors) basedon Eaton's key technology forelectrical field control. By meansof special shapes and dimensions,the possibility of an internal arc isminimised.

Single pole insulated primary parts

All high voltage parts in accessiblecompartments are single pole insulated.The insulation material used for this isepoxy resin (cast resin), a high-qualitymaterial with optimal insulationcharacteristic resulting in minimiseddimensions.

Separated busbarcompartment

The FMX has a separate busbarcompartment to prevent aninternal arc. This compartmentcan be classified as non-accessible and has an IP ratingof IP4X.

Coupling the busbar andconstructing the compartmenton site will be carried out byspecially trained servicepersonnel.

Protected voltagetransformers

Ferro-resonance causesdamage to voltagetransformers andconsequently initiates aninternal arc in theswitchgear. The designprevents the voltagetransformers from beingaffected by ferro-resonanceby installing a resistor anda coil in the tertiary circuitof the voltage transformer.

Reliable and Safe in Operation

Preventing an Internal Arc

Integrated cable test facility

Internal arcs due to bad cableconnections are becomingfewer, however they stilloccur. Therefore cables aretested before going live.

The FMX is equipped with an

integrated cable test facility.This eliminates the need toremove covers and disturbcable connections thereforereducing risk of incorrect re-installations of cableconnectors or covers.

10

Routine tests

Various prescribed routine tests are carried out during the production of the switch -gear. To assure quality, allprocesses are in accordancewith DIN EN 9001. This meansthat at every stage ofproduction the components,circuit-breakers and currenttransformers are inspected forcorrect functioning. When theentire installation has been

assembled, a thorough visualinspection is carried out,together with mechanical,functional and electrical checks.

Philosophy on Internal arcs

Eaton always puts extra focuson creating safe switchgear foroperators at all times. One ofthe biggest potential threats tooperators is an internal arc inswitchgear.

Engineers therefore dideverything necessary in designand construction to preventinternal arcs, despite the factthat it is very rare for anoperator to be in front (withoutoperating) of the switchgear atexactly the same time that aninternal fault occurs.

Eaton supports the philosophythat it is best to avoid internalarcs than to cure, in line withthe relevant standard

IEC 62271-200. Within the FMXdesign a double preventionphilosophy is used. Firstly, thedesign is constructed in such away that an internal arc isprevented. In the unlikely casethat an internal arc could occur,the FMX is equipped to providemaximum safety to theoperator, and to control andminimise damage to the rest ofthe switchgear and room.

11

Arc absorber reduces outputimpact

To minimise the impact of aninternal arc in the busbarcompartment, the arc is"guided" outside the panel byan arc absorber installed in therear of the unit. A standard

FMX feature is the use of anintegrated arc absorber toreduce output into the switchroom. By using ceramic blockswith an absorbing surface of 9 m2 this absorber breaks upand filters gasses and firesignificantly.

Controlling an Internal Arc

By design, vacuum and air/solidinsulated switchgear has theleast environmental impactafter an internal arc event. The impact of an arc is twofold:internal impact (in the switch -gear) and external impact (inthe switch room).

The overpressure created by aninternal arc will, in standardswitchgear, be channeled outof the switchgear by means ofa pressure relief duct. This ductis normally an additionalcompartment to the switchgearand therefore increasing thepanel dimension. As analternative to the duct, a

complicated and expensive arcchannel can be installed, whichguides the arc output into theswitch room. The FMX isdesigned in such a way thatboth impacts are significantlyreduced, and therefore inessence no complicated andcostly arc channel is needed.

No phase-to-phase shortcircuits minimises pressure

Within the FMX, all highvoltage parts in accessiblecompartments are single poleinsulated. The advantage of thissingle pole construction is thatthe only conceivable internal

fault is a single-phase shortcircuit, e.g. due to a cableconnection failure (when single-core cables are connected, asis normal practice nowadays).

Integrated compartmentsreduce pressure

By integrating differentcompartments, internal arcpressure is significantly reducedbecause of the volume.

For the FMX panel, cableconnection, circuit-breaker andvoltage transformers areintegrated in one large, metalenclosed, compartment

instead of individual smallcompartments.

The busbar compartment of theswitchgear consists of oneoverall compartment with noextra partitions betweenpanels.

11

An internal arc in switchgear causes an overpressure, together with the release of fire and smoke.

12

Compartments protectedagainst penetration byobjects

Within the FMX it is notpossible to accidentallypenetrate the switchgear withpart of the body or a tool. Forthe latter, all high voltagecompartments are rated toIP4X degree, and the lowvoltage compartment to IP3XDdegree.

Capacitive voltage detectionsystem for verification of safeisolation from supply

Each circuit-breaker panelwithin the FMX is equippedwith a standard three-phaseVoltage Detection System forvoltage testing to IEC 61243-5.The VDS shows the operator ifthe panel is isolated from thesupply or not.

Operation is only possiblewith closed cablecompartment

The door of the cablecompartment can only beopened when the circuit-breaker is in the earthed andpadlocked position. This circuit-breaker position is maintainedwhen the cable compartmentdoor is removed. Also thisposition blocks the circuit-breaker mechanically, as wellas electrically, from switching,therefore maintaining the safeearthed position whilst the dooris removed. Operation of thecircuit-breaker is only possibleafter installing the cablecompartment door again.

Logical mechanical andelectrical interlocks preventincorrect operation

Mal-operation by an operator isprevented within the FMXusing both mechanical andelectrical interlocks. Theinterlocks are mechanical andelectrical. For example,electrical and mechanicalinterlocks prevent operation ofthe change-over switch whenthe circuit-breaker is switchedon. All mechanical interlocksare constructed in such a waythat they directly block themechanism.

Cable testing via integratedcable test facility (outsidehigh voltage compartments)

Within the FMX, cable testingcan be done outside dangeroushigh voltage compartments.Testing is done by insertingtesting pins in speciallydesigned holes in the manualoperation panel. The holes areinterlocked and therefore onlyaccessible in a safe situation.

(Dis)connecting voltagetransformers from theprimary circuit, with closedhigh voltage compartments

For prevention of damage tothe voltage transformers, theyalways have to bedisconnected during cable orbusbar testing. Within theFMX, (dis)connecting can bedone very safely and easily viaan operating mechanismsituated on the manualoperation panel. This ensuresthat operators do not have toaccess to dangerous highvoltage compartments when(dis)connecting.

Smooth contemporarydesign

All compartments of the FMXare designed in such a way thatthe system is safe to touchfrom the outside. The use of asmooth and smart designprevents operators in the areaof the switchgear to be injured,from moving parts or parts thatstick out of the unit.

Safe in Use

Throughout the development of the switchgear, the safety of the operator during usage

of the FMX was one of the most important criteria. Within the FMX, different features

provide a safe situation for operators.

Low Total Cost ofOwnership

The FMX design guarantees very low costs related to

owning the switchgear during its entire lifetime.

The life-time costs can be split into initial costs, installation costs,service costs and finally, costs for disposal of the switchgear. Allcosts of ownership are influenced by different features of theswitchgear. Within the FMX, all these features are constructed insuch a way that the costs to the owner are as low as possible, ofcourse with no concessions to the quality of the switchgear.

Low initial costsInitial cost consist of purchase,transport, building andinstallation costs.

Panels of minimum 500 mmwidth

By using a combination of castresin technology, electrical fieldcontrol and vacuumtechnologies, Eaton'sengineers managed toconstruct FMX panels with awidth of minimum 500 mm.Because a typical switchgearinstallation normally consists ofa large number of panels, thiscompact design significantlyreduces the switch room size.The compact design alsomakes FMX highly flexible andeconomically attractive whenexisting installations are beingreplaced.

Cable connection from thefront (back to wallarrangement)

Cable connection from thefront is a feature that savesbuilding costs. Due to this frontconnection the rear of the FMXcan be installed close to thewall of a building, againreducing building cost.

Integrated arc channel withabsorbers

Another standard feature thatreduces the switch room is theintegrated arc channel withabsorber. In normal switchgear,gasses caused by an internalarc are guided out of theswitchgear by means of anextra duct and arc channelconnected to the switchgear.These additions require extraswitch room space andconsequently increasing initialbuilding cost.

12 kV and 24 kV panels in thesame housing

The 12 kV and 24 kV versionsare both accommodated in thesame compact housing. Thismeans substantial savings onbuilding costs, because thesame installation can be usedwhen the operating voltage isincreased (upgrading).

Low service cost during

operationService cost consist ofmaintenance, failure andconsequential cost. Besidesthat the technical lifetime ofparts or modules willdetermine the replacementcost of the equipment.

Robust "lean" design withthe minimum number ofparts

Costs during service ofswitchgear can be caused bydamaged parts requiringreplacement, or bymaintenance cycles set up forcritical parts that will not reachtheir expected lifetime if theyare not serviced.

One of the design goals was tominimise the number of parts,to prevent the FMX gettingdamaged during the lifetime.The robust FMX construction,using only the necessary parts,is based on over a century'sexperience of designing andbuilding switchgear.

Product quality guaranteedby prescribed routine testingin the factory

During production of thepanels, various prescribedroutine tests are carried out byspecialists, making sure thatthe panels achieve the qualitythat they are designed for.

Epoxy resin insulatedcomponents as insulationmedium

Practical research work oninstalled switchgear revealsthat epoxy resin insulatedcomponents, as used withinthe FMX switchgear, show nosigns of ageing.

Maintenance free vacuumcircuit-breaker(electromagnetic mechanismand vacuum interrupter)

Spring-charged mechanismsalways have a lot of movingparts that need lubricating tooperate smoothly. Most ofthese mechanisms need anumber of maintenance cyclesduring the lifetime of theswitchgear. Within the FMX nospring-charged mechanism isused, but instead, amaintenance-freeelectromagnetic mechanism.This mechanism features avery simple design, with fewmoving parts, and needs nolubrication.

Because this mechanism canoperate 30,000 switchingcycles, there is in mostapplications, no extrainvestment necessary toupgrade the switchgear duringits lifetime. In addition, thevacuum interrupters can easilyachieve 30,000 operations.

No SF6 pressure checks

Switchgear that uses SF6 gasas an insulation medium has aleakage rate. To maintain theinsulation level within this typeof switchgear, the pressure ofthe SF6 tanks must be checkedand refilled on a regular basisduring the unit's lifetime. Withthe FMX, an owner does nothave to incur the extra costsinvolved in checking andmaintaining the requiredinsulation level. Thecombination of vacuuminterrupters for switching,

cast resin technology and cleanair as the insulation medium, isenvironmentally friendly andmaintains the same qualitylevel during the completelifetime of FMX.

Low end of life disposal

cost

Full recycling or re-use ofmaterials

The primary parts of the FMXhave a lifetime of at least 30years. Depending on thelocation where the system isinstalled, this lifetime can beextended. If, for whateverreason, a decision is made notto use the switchgear anymorethe FMX can be fully recycled.

Next the switchgear will bedismantled and the differentmaterials can, and will, becategorised. Because no toxicmaterials are used in the FMX,dismantling is a lesscomplicated, more costeffective and environmentallyfriendly operation. Thedismantled and categorisedmaterials will be, depending onthe material, recycled or re-used.

13

User Friendly

First of all requirements is a safe and reliable installation.

Number two is an installation that is convenient and

efficient to operate.

The second aspect does not always get the attention it deserves,but for the FMX it most certainly did. The FMX panels aredesigned to be user friendly and are easy to operate.

Primarily, all operations can be carried out on the front side of thepanel. This means that both cable connection and user interfacesfor operation are positioned at the same front side of the panel.The logically arranged, user friendly electrical operation panel, andthe user interface for manual operation, enable operators to dotheir job as efficiently and safe as possible.

Primary cables

The cable cones of the FMXare positioned on a height of750 mm from floor level. Thisheight makes it relatively easyfor operators to connect theprimary cables. There is alsoenough space in the cablecompartment to connect therequired number of cables withconnectors available on themarket.

In case just one cable perphase is connected, the cablecones are positioned further tothe front for easy assembly.

Secondary cables

Connecting the secondarycables is carried out byentering the low voltagecompartment of the FMX fromthe top. The low voltage cableterminals are positioned in sucha way that the operator canconnect the cables easilywithin the compartment whilststanding in front of the FMX.

Incorporated in the FMX aretwo control panels with clearand uniform mimic diagrams.

The first (electronic) operationpanel is located on the door ofthe low voltage compartment.This panel can, based on end-user request, have differentset-ups. The end-user canchoose to operate theswitchgear electrically via:

• a control relay or

• close / open push buttons or

• selector switches.

The second (manual) operationpanel is positioned behind thedoor of the mid section. Asstandard this panel has afacility for manually operatingthe change-over switch. Thisfacility can be isolated bymeans of a padlockableselector switch. Standard onthis panel is a control handlefor manually switching thecircuit-breaker off. The facilityfor padlocking in the earthedposition is also a standardfeature. For padlocking thedifferent positions on theoperation panels, the mostcommon padlocks available onthe market can be used.

Two options on this manualoperation panel are the facilitiesfor (dis)connecting the voltagetransformers and testing thecables.

Simple and safe "Primary"(dis)connection of thevoltage transformers

For (dis)connecting voltagetransformers from the primarycircuit, access to specificcompartments is normallynecessary. Within the FMX,(dis)connecting the voltagetransformers can be doneeasily from the front of theswitchgear without the need toaccess dangerous, high voltagecompartments. The cable-sidevoltage transformers can be(dis)connected with a facility onthe manual operation panel.The busbar-side voltagetransformers can be(dis)connected by a safe anduser-friendly facility positionedon top of the switchgear, andaccessible from the front.

Easy and safe cable testing

A special feature is introducedfor cable testing. The facilityallows cable testing to becarried out very easily andsafely, and without making anycable connection mistakes. Thefacility is positioned in thelower part of the manualoperation panel and interlockedto prevent access.

14

Easy and ergonomic connection of cables

Clear and simple control panels

Environmentallyfriendly

Like all Eaton's other medium voltage switchgear, the

FMX is designed to be an environmentally friendly

product throughout the whole chain.

One of the key strategic initiatives of Eaton is to provideenvironmentally friendly products. Eaton realises that for this theyshould look at their total product chain, from design todismantling. The optimal situation is that for each phase there isno damage to the environment and at the end, all materials can bere-used again in the same product (the Cradle-to-Cradle principle).The product chain can be divided into four main blocks. Theseblocks are the design (materials used) of the product, theassembly of the product, the usage phase of the product andfinally the dismantling of the product.

Eaton's production plant in Hengelo (the Netherlands) acts entirelyin accordance with the rules and procedures of the ISO 14001environmental certificate during development and productionprocesses.

With respect to the design ofswitchgear, the vision "the lessnumber of components thebetter" applies. This becauseevery part must bemanufactured and thereforeimpacts on the environment.Next, applies the affect ofdifferent materials on theenvironment.

Use of minimised number ofcomponents

The FMX is designed to usethe minimum of materials andresources, without affectingthe strength of the system. Forexample, we have reduced thenumber of componentsdramatically, compared toconventional switchgear, byusing an electromagneticmechanism and integratedcompartments.

Materials with no/lessimpact on the environment

Eaton selects materials withcare. It is essential that theyare safe for personnel and theenvironment - not just duringuse, but at the end of servicelife too.

Within the FMX a combinationof solid (cast resin) insulationand air as insulation medium isused. The cast resintechnology, in combination withelectrical field calculations,provides a very compact,environmentally friendly designfor the switchgear. As the

switching medium, vacuumtechnology is used within theinterrupters of the FMX circuit-breakers. FMX can becompletely recycled at the endof its life without any problem.

No use of SF6 gas forinsulation or switching

Within medium voltageswitchgear SF6 gas is used,because of its good insulatingproperties. Emissions of SF6gas from switchgear contributesignificantly to the threat of thegreenhouse effect andassociated climate change. SF6is on the list of greenhousegasses in the Kyoto protocol.

SF6 is the most potent of thesix main greenhouse gasses,with a Global WarmingPotential (GWP) of 23,000.

In the 1980s, the Holec group,as it was then, made afundamental choice not to useSF6 as a switching andinsulation medium for mediumvoltage equipment. In the1980s, Holec had SF6technology available in-house.The main reason for not usingany SF6 in medium voltageequipment was the complexityof the treatment required forthe toxicity of the gasses thathave been in contact with anarc, and the need for additionalsafety measures when used inpublic locations such asresidential areas and shoppingcentres.

Besides the energy sources,special focus was placed onthe efficient use of materialduring assembly. For example,sheet steel plates are cut withas little waste material aspossible. Residual material isused within other productcomponents.

15

Environmentally friendly design Efficient use of materials

To prevent energy loss by thesystem itself, the FMX uses aminimum number of primarychange-over points. All theavailable change-over pointsuse optimal surface contactsand by this, prevent extraenergy losses over thesepoints.

Minimal energy loss

during operation

During dismantling the FMX isdemounted into parts andthereafter categorized permaterial. Next the parts will berecycled or re-used. Becausethe FMX uses no SF6, there isno loss of this gas duringdismantling of the switchgear.

Re-use or recycling of

materials

Because the FMX is designedfor a lifetime of at least 30years, the system needs noenergy usage for maintenanceactivities during this longperiod. Due to the greeninsulation and switchingtechnology, there is also noleakage of the SF6-gas duringits lifetime and no need forextra maintenance activities onSF6 pressure checks.

No service checks on site

16

Exactly how you want it

Flexible application of secondary apparatus, protection relays and substation automation

Every application of this type ofsystem is unique, so Eatonoffers a large number ofdifferent panel types and fieldversions. If, in due course, theend-user needs additionalcapacity in the form of morepanels, FMX can easily beextended to the right or left.Eaton realises that end-usershave their own wishes androutines with respect to theuse of secondary apparatus,protection relays and substationautomation within theswitchgear. The need forcustomer specific apparatusand relays was taken intoaccount during thedevelopment of the FMX. Thisresulted in a system thatenables end-users to integrate

apparatus according to theirspecification. Thanks to thelarge number of protection andcontrol options, end-users willalways be able to construct anFMX system that conformsexactly to your requirements.

Range of Voltagetransformers

All FMX panels can be fittedwith cast-resin insulatedvoltage transformers (of therequested transformer ratio andclass) for the voltagemeasurement on the cableside, or on the busbar side.Both transformers can be (dis-)connected safely andeasily.

Range of Currenttransformers

The epoxy resin insulatedcurrent transformers are of thering core type. They arepositioned around the primaryconductors behind the cablecones. All common transformerratios, outputs, rated currentsand classes are possible.

Protection and Controlequipment

The protection and controlequipment is located in the lowvoltage compartment. Thiscompartment is completelyseparate and has its ownaccess door. There is space onthe door for a mimic diagramand equipment such as

protection relays, voltagedetection systems, meters, etc.

The FMX is standardised forthe SEG HighProtec relaysseries. However the FMX isadaptable for the installation ofother brands.

In case more than one relay isrequired, the low voltagecompartment can be extended.

Smart Grids

Equipment for (remote)communication betweenpanels or automation systemscan also be installed in the lowvoltage compartment. Havingthis possibility makes thesystem the perfect solution forcurrent and future Smart Gridapplications.

Fixed in Philosophy, Flexible in DesignThe FMX switchgear is designed based on Eaton's proven fixed technology. The primary objective of this technology

is to increase safety and reliability within a more compact and cost effective housing.

The fixed design containsdifferent features that provideoptimal reliability of theswitchgear.

Firm connections betweenbreaker and the overallsystem

Firm and simple interconnec -tion between the breaker andthe other fixed system parts(cable and busbar) ensure arobust and reliable system.

Optimal safety by fixedinterlocked housing

Optimal safety is realized byintegrating all primary parts intoa fixed housing. Access to highvoltage compartments in theswitchgear are prevented bysafety interlocks. Within thesecompartments all primary partsare sealed for live by means ofepoxy resin. Operation of theswitchgear is very simple andonly possible when the highvoltage compartments areclosed. The operation panelsare positioned at the front sideof the switchgear and thesafety interlocks provide a safesituation for the operator.

Reliable circuit-breaker

The latest design in electro -magnetic mechanism is usedto control the circuit-breaker.This electromagneticmechanism and the vacuuminterrupters it operates, areboth tested for 30.000 full-loadoperations and 100 short-circuitoperations. This number ofoperations in combination withthe simple mechanism design,requires no maintenance andexchange activities on thecircuit-breaker. Moreover thismaintenance-free fixed designresponds to the current lack oftechnically skilled personnelthat will become even worse infuture.

Despite the fact that the fixedFMX design has all the featuresthat contribute to optimalreliability, some customers stillwant to have the ability to test,maintain and/or exchange thecircuit-breaker very simple andquickly. To meet this marketdemand the FMX added thisflexibility to its fixed design.

Controller for statusindication of the mechanism

First of all the FMX is equippedwith a "health check" functionfor testing the quality of thecircuit-breaker. By means of acontroller the quality of thecircuit-breaker mechanism isbeing checked. The controller is

for example checking theopening and closing circuit. Thestatus will be presented on themanual operation panel orremote.

Easy and quick exchange ofthe circuit-breaker

The FMX circuit-breaker can beexchanged in less than 30minutes. Only a few steps arenecessary to remove thecircuit-breaker. By use of asimple tool the breaker will bemoved from a horizontal to avertical position. This procedurerequires a minimal workingspace in front of the panel.Plugging-in a new breaker canbe done in the oppositesequence with minimal effort.

Because the system is basedon fixed technology the primarycontacts are very simple androbust. The latter will providethat during exchange thecontacts will not be damaged.During exchange of the breakerthe rest of the switchgear canstay energized and thereforeminimising the impact on thegrid. For optimal operatorsafety we have executedinternal arc tests in the busbarcompartment and the adjacentpanels while the breaker waswithdrawn.

The advantages of a fixed design…. Additional flexibility … control and exchange of

circuit-breakers

Option

Option

Option

Option

Option OptionOption

Circuit-breaker panel Busbar sectionalizer panel

Circuit-breaker Change-overswitch

2 cables 3 cables Capacitivevoltage detection

sytem

Voltagetransformerat the cable

(disconnectable)

Voltagetransformer

at the busbar(disconnectable)

Currenttransformer

Option

17

Product Range

Dimensions (mm)

FMX FMXFMX FMX FMX FMX

500

Depth: 1440 mmExtra panel height: 500 mm for busbar side voltage transformers, 150 mm for busbar venting box per system section.

1000 1200 1700

CB 630 ACB 800 ACB 1250 A

CB 1600 ACB 2000 A BS 1250 A

BS 1600 ABS 2000 A

2100

18

Electrical Data

Standards

FMX switchgear system 12 kV 17.5 kV 24 kV

Rated Voltage kV 12 17.5 24Lightning Impulse withstand voltage kV 75 95 125Power frequency withstand voltage kV 28 38 50Rated frequency Hz 50 50 50Internal arc class AFL 25 kA - 1 s AFL 25 kA - 1 s AFL 25 kA - 1 sLoss of service continuity category LSC2B LSC2B LSC2BPartition class PM PM PMEarthing circuit kA - s 25 - 3 25 - 3 25 - 3Compartment circuit-breaker/cable Interlock-controlled Interlock-controlled Interlock-controlledCompartment busbar Tool-based / Tool-based / Tool-based /

non-accessible non-accessible non-accessibleDegree of protection HV compartments (optional) IP4X IP4X IP4XDegree of protection LV compartment IP3XD IP3XD IP3XDTemperature classification Minus 5 °C indoor Minus 5 °C indoor Minus 5 °C indoor

Busbar system

Rated normal current A 2000 2000 2000Rated short-time withstand current kA - s 25 - 3 25 - 3 25 - 3Rated peak withstand current kA 63 63 63

Circuit-breaker - incoming feeder and sectionalizer

Rated normal current A 1250 - 1600 - 2000 1250 - 1600 - 2000 1250 - 1600 - 2000Rated short-circuit breaking current kA 25 25 25Rated short-circuit making current kA 63 63 63Rated short-time withstand current kA - s 25 - 3 25 - 3 25 - 3

Circuit-breaker - outgoing feeder

Rated normal current A 630 - 800 630 - 800 630 - 800Rated short-circuit breaking current kA 25 25 25Rated short-circuit making current kA 63 63 63Rated short-time withstand current kA - s 25 - 3 25 - 3 25 - 3Class E2, C2 E2, C2 E2, C2Operating cycles at short-circuit current 100 100 100Single capacitor bank switching A 400 400 400

Mechanism

Rated operating sequence A O - 0.3 s - CO - 15 s - CO O - 0.3 s - CO - 15 s - CO O - 0.3 s - CO - 15 s - COClass M2 M2 M2Opening time ms 35 35 35DC component % 35 35 35Closing time ms 70 70 70Number of operations actuator 30,000 30,000 30,000Number of operations interrupter 30,000 30,000 30,000Auxiliary voltage V 24, 48, 60,110, 220 VDC 24, 48, 60,110, 220 VDC 24, 48, 60,110, 220 VDC

110/230 VAC 110/230 VAC 110/230 VAC

Mechanism change-over switch

Opening time s 24 24 24Closing time s 24 24 24Number of operations change-over switch 1,000 1,000 1,000Class M0 M0 M0

FMX complies with the following international standards

IEC 62271-1 Common specificationsIEC 62271-100 Circuit-breakers (E2, M2, C2)IEC 62271-102 Disconnectors and earthing switches (E2, M0)IEC 62271-200 Metal enclosed switchgear and controlgearIEC 60044-1 Current transformersIEC 60044-2 Voltage transformersIEC 60529 Degrees of protection (IP Code)IEC 61850 Communication networks and systems in substationsIEC 61243-5 Live working - Voltage detectors - Part 5: Voltage detecting systems

1874 1886 1911 19981893 19901962 19991983190819061899 1963

The power of fusion.

There’s a certain energy at Eaton. It’s the power of uniting some of the world’s most respected names to build a brand you can trust to meet every power management need. The energy created supports our commitment to powering business worldwide.

From power distribution to power quality and control, Eaton allows you to proactively manage your complete power system by providing electrical solutions that make your applications safer, more reliable, and highly effi cient. Visit www.eaton.com/electrical.

All of the above are trademarks of Eaton Corporation or its affiliates. Eaton has a license to use the Westinghouse brand name in Asia Pacific. ©2009 Eaton Corporation.

Eaton Electric LimitedGrimshaw LaneMiddletonManchester M24 1GQUnited Kingdom

Customer Support CentreTel.: +44 (0)8700 545 333Fax: +44 (0)8700 540 333ukcommorders@eaton.comwww.eaton.com/uk

© 2010 Eaton Electric B.V.All rights reserved.

Form No. 6054012BR01/UKDecember 2010

Eaton's Electrical Sector is aglobal leader in powerdistribution, power quality,control and automation, andmonitoring products. Whencombined with Eaton's full-scaleengineering services, theseproducts provide customer-driven PowerChain™ solutionsto serve the power systemneeds of the data center,industrial, institutional, publicsector, utility, commercial,residential, IT, mission critical,alternative energy and OEMmarkets worldwide.

PowerChain™ solutions helpenterprises achieve sustainableand competitive advantagesthrough proactive managementof the power system as astrategic, integrated assetthroughout its life cycle,resulting in enhanced safety,greater reliability and energyefficiency. For more information, visitwww.eaton.com/electrical.

Eaton medium voltage products in the energy chain

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