8-4.5 civil war military strategy8gradessobm.weebly.com/.../5/...power_point_notes.pdf · viii....
TRANSCRIPT
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8-4.5 Civil War Military Strategy
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I. Northern Strategy – Be on The OFFENCIVE
1. BLOCK SOUTHERN PORTS ( Blockades )
2. CUT OFF SUPPLIES FROM EUROPE
3. BREAK UP THE CONFEDERACY
*SPLIT IT IN HALF WHERE THEY CONTROLLED
THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER
4. ATTACK THE CONFEDERATE CAPITAL AT
RICHMOND VIRGINA
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Ii. Southern strategy – Be on The defensive
1. DEFEND THE SOUTH FROM ATTACK
2. USE SUPPLIES FROM EUROPE GAINED THROUGH
THE SALE AND TRADE OF COTTON
3. DRAW THE WAR OUT AS LONG AS POSSIBLE
UNTILL THE NORTH GETS TIRED OF FIGHTING IT
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III. Important Battle locations
1. SOUTH CAROLINA: FIRST SHOTS OF WAR FIRED
AT FORT SUMTER
** F. SUMTER WAS A FEDERAL MILITARY BASE
** THE UNION NORTH ATTEMPTED TO RE-SUPPLY
THE FORT WITH FOOD AND AMUNITION
2. THE CONFEDERACY ATTACKED ( FIRST SHOT )
THE FORT AND STOPED THE RE-SUPPLY ATTEMPT
BY THE NORTH
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III. Important Battle locations
3. THE NORTH ANSWERED BY ATTACKING PORT
ROYAL: ( NEAR HILTON HEAD ISLAND )
3hrs. south of myrtle beach about 220 miles near GA
border
PORT ROYAL WAS USED AS A LAUNCH POINT TO
ATTACK CHARLESTON.
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III. Important Battle locations
4. NORTHERN VIRGINIA --MOST OF THE CIVIL WAR
WAS FOUGHT HERE!
5. MISSISSIPPI RIVER– MANY BATTLES HERE
BECAUSE IT WAS A STRATEGIC LOCATION FOR
**TRANSPORTATION
** COMMUNICATION
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iv. Controlling supply lines
1. NORTHERN BLOCKADES WERE SUCCESSFUL
**THE NORTH BLOCKED THE SOUTH’S ABILITY TO
GET SUPPLIES
** SOUTHERN PORTS WERE BLOCKED
**TRANSPORTATION ON THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER
WAS BLOCKED
** THIS DEVESTATED THE CONFEDERATE ARMY
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v. ROBERT SMALLS ( escaped slave )
1. 23 YR. OLD SLAVE ( AND HIS WIFE AND KIDS )
ESCAPED
2. HE WAS THE PILOT OF A CONF. SHIP
3. HE WAS ABLE TO COMMANDEER THE SHIP AND
SURRENDER IT TO UNION FORCES AT A BLOCKADE
LOCATION
4. HE PROVIDED VALUABLE INFO ON FOTIFICATIONS
ALL AROUND CHARLESTON
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v. ROBERT SMALLS ( ESCAPED SLAVE )
1. AFTER THE CIVIL WAR
** HE SERVED AS AN OFFICER IN S.C. MILITIA
** HELPED WRITE THE NEW S.C. CONSTITUTION
** SERVED 5 TERMS AS AN ELECTED S.C.
CONGRESSMEN IN THE HOUSE OF REP.
( in washington d.c.)
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vI. General SHerman
1. CARRIED OUT THE “TOTAL WAR” STRATEGY
TOTAL WAR MEANT NOTHING WAS OFF LIMITS FOR
DISTRUCTION
• CITIES
• TOWNS
• CIVILIAN HOUSES / PLANTATIONS
• SCHOOLS
• HOSPITALS
• CHURCHES
• GROCERY / MERCANTILE STORES
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vI. General SHerman
2. “MARCH TO THE SEA” CAMPAIGN ( battle plan )
- DIRECT NEGATIVE IMPACT ON CIVILIANS !
- SC WOULD PAY THE BIGGEST PRICE FOR BEING
THE 1ST TO SECED.
• PRIVATE HOMES, PLANTATIONS, RAILROAD
STATIONS, RAIL TRACK, SAW MILLS, AND GOV.
BUILDINGS WERE LEVELED.
• COLUMBIA WAS BURNED
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vIi. Civil war technology
1.THE SOUTH IMPLMENTED THE USE OF A METAL
SUBMARINE ( CSS HUNLEY )
Confederate States Ship TO ATTACK UNION NAVY
BATTLE SHIPS
2. IT WAS A NON FACTOR BUT THE TECHNOLOGY
WAS A IMPORTANT MILITARY ADVANCMENT
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vIii. African-Americans in the Civil war
1. THE 54th MASSACHUSETTS ARMY REGIMENT
** ALL BLACK ARMY UNIT KNOWN FOR
LEADING THE ATTACK AGAINST FORT WAGNER IN
CHARLESTON, SC
FINAL SCENES OF THE CIVIL WAR MOVIE “GLORY”
THIS MOVIE WAS ABOUT THE 54TH REG.
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vIii. African-Americans in the Civil war
1. SOME ESCAPED TO THE NORTH
2. SOME CONTINUES TO WORK ON PLANTATIONS
AND WAITED FOR THE UNION TO FREE THEM
3. SOME WERE FORCED INTO ACTION BY THEIR
MASTERS AND THE CONF. ARMY
4. MANY SERVED IN THE UNION ARMY..BUT WERE
NEVER TREATED EQUAL TO A WHITE SOLDIER