8 Invertebrate Organisms

8 Different Organisms Lab

Protists and Animals using the Microscopes

#1 = Brown Planaria

Is this a multicellular animal or a single celled protista?

#1 = Brown Planarian• Kingdom: Animalia• Phylum: Platyhelminthes• Class: Turbellaria• Order: Tricladida• Family:Planariidae

#1 = Planarians

Planaria are non-parasitic FLATWORMS which are BILATERAL

Planaria are common to many parts of the world, living in both saltwater (MARINE) and freshwater ponds and rivers.

#1 - PlanarianSome are TERRESTRIAL and

are found on plants in humid areas.

These animals move by beating CILIA on the ventral dermis, allowing them to glide along on a film of mucus.

Some move by UNDULATIONS of the whole body by the contractions of MUSCLES built into the body wall.

#1 - Planaria They exhibit an extraordinary ability

to REGENERATE lost body parts. For example, a planarian split lengthwise or crosswise will regenerate into two separate individuals.

The size ranges from 3 to 12 mm Has two eye-spots (also known as

ocelli) that can detect the intensity of light. The eye-spots act as photoreceptors and are used to move away from light sources = NEGATIVE PHOTOTAXIC

#1 - PlanarianPlanaria have three GERM layers

(ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm)

Acoelomate (i.e. they have a solid body with no body cavity).

Single-opening digestive tractThe most frequently used in

class = brownish Dugesia tigrina.

Planarian Layers…

#1 - Planaria

Eats decaying meat! BUT are not parasites

Can be conditioned to respond to stimuli

Display the ability to master a two-choice maze

Can transfer the memory of training from one individual to another – not sure how…

#1 = Planarian’s inside…

#2 – Vinegar Eels Do you think these are animals or

protista?

#2 – Vingegar Eels Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: NematodaClass: SecernenteaOrder: RhabditidaGenus: TurbatrixSpecies: T. aceti

Info from Wikipedia

#2 Vinegar Eels Turbatrix aceti (Vinegar eels, Vinegar

nematode) are free-living nematodes that feed on the microbial culture.

Can be in a low pH – very acidic environment of 1.5. As humans, we want to be in a neutral situation like 7. The scale for acids-bases goes from 1-14 and 1 is acidic 7 is neutral and 14 is basic

#2 = Vinegar Eels Nematodes with

Mouth and Anus

#2 Vinegar EelsRoundworms are the lowest

animals that have a complete digestive tract! They have both a mouth and an anus. The hydra only have one opening, the planaria only have one. These are complex!!!

Aerobic - so they need airVinegar will have these

nematodes in it unless it is filtered and pasteurized.

Movie Clip of #2 Vinegar Eels

Click to see Video… http://www.microscopyu.com/movieg

allery/pondscum/nematode/videos/nematode04df20x.mpg

#3 = Daphnia Do you think this is an animal or a

protista?

#3 - Daphnia Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: ArthropodaSubphylum: CrustaceaClass: BranchiopodaOrder: CladoceraFamily: DaphniidaeGenus: DaphniaInformation from Wikipedia

#3 =Daphnia MagnaTypically called a “water flea”These are actually crustaceans! These belong to the arthropod

phylumHas gills, and two pairs of

antennaeMajor part of food chainNeed light but UV light hurts

them

Daphnia Magna Anatomy ofwater flea

#3 = Daphnia

Yummy inside a hydra’s tummy!

Hydra will eat the daphnia! Remember: major food chain

part

#4 - Hydra Do you think the hydra is an animal

or a protista?

# 4 - Hydra Kingdom: Animalia

Subkingdom: EumetazoaPhylum: CnidariaSubphylum: MedusozoaClass: HydrozoaSubclass: LeptolinaeOrder: AnthomedusaeSuborder: CapitataFamily: HydridaeGenus: Hydra

#4 - HydraHydra are named after the nine-

headed sea snake of Greek mythology and are freshwater relatives of corals, sea anemones and jellyfish.

All are members of a primitive phylum, the Cnidaria, and share in common stinging tentacles and a radially symmetrical body plan.

#4 - Hydra The gut of cnidarians has only one

opening and is termed the gastrovascular cavity.

Unlike more complex animals, cnidarians are designed around 2 sheets of tissue: the ECTODERM and the ENDODERM

The two are separated by a gelatinous partition named the mesoglea. This layer is greatly expanded in jellyfish, but is much reduced in hydra. 

#4 - Hydra Like to eat Daphnia! Coelenterata or a Cnidaria Simplest animal with definite TISSUE! Only has one opening = mouth =

that leads to a gastrovascular cavity The tentacles can Sting!!! There are

nematocyst threads that harpoon food

Can be 25 mm in length Move by somersaulting or sliding like

an inchworm

#4 - HydraCan regenerate lost parts! Cut in

half and the body will form into two complete animals in a few days

Form buds to reproduce asexually, see one here

HYDRA VIDEO! CLICK HERE… http://www.microscopyu.com/movieg

allery/pondscum/hydra/videos/hydra03ob.mpg

http://www.microscopyu.com/moviegallery/pondscum/hydra/videos/hydra03ob.mpg

#5 - Amoeba Do you think that an Amoeba is an

animal or a protista?

# 5 - Amoeba Domain: Eukaryota

Kingdom: AmoebozoaPhylum: TubulineaOrder: TubulinidaFamily: AmoebidaeGenus: Amoeba

#5 = Amoeba proteous Simple,

Unicellular, no distinct shape

If you cut it apart, the cell portion with the nucleus will regrow, the other part will die.

If you cut the nucleus = death

#5 Amoeba Anatomy

#5 Amoeba Has pseudopods which are used to

capture prey (pseudo = false & pod = foot)

They simply engulf their food. They can detect the kind of prey and use different 'engulfing tactics‘ = ways to eat…

Engulfing = EATING!!!

#6 Rotifers Do you think these are animals or

protista?

#6 - Rotifers Domain: Eukarya

Kingdom: AnimaliaSubkingdom: EumetazoaSuperphylum: PlatyzoaPhylum: Rotifera

#6 RotifersThese are in the ANIMAL

KINGDOMHas a false body cavity

#6 – Rotifers Most rotifers are around 0.1-0.5 mm

long, and are common in freshwater environments throughout the world with a few saltwater species. TINY!!!

Some rotifers are free swimming, others move by inchworming along

Some are SESSILE (anchored, still, not moving around) living inside tubes or gel-like areas

About 25 species are COLONIAL– form into group

#6 Rotifers

Rotifers Rotifers – shapes and pictures of their jaws

#7 = Aeolosoma Do you think these are animals or do

you think they are protista?

#7 = AeolosomaSee the bristles on the body?

#7 - Aeolosoma Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: AnnelidaClass: OligochaetaOrder: ClitellataFamily: TubificidaeSubfamily: NaidinaeGenus: Chaetogaster

#7 - Aeolosomas http://www.microsc

opyu.com/moviegallery/pondscum/annelida/aeolosomas/index.html

Check out that link to see videos!!!

Check for the bristles on the worm.

#7 - Worms are animals! These are worms so they are

animals, in case you didn’t notice…

#8 - Paramecium These look like worms but they are

super small and they are single cells…

So, are they animals or protists?

#8 – Paramecium Domain: Eukaryota

Kingdom: ProtistaPhylum: CiliophoraClass: CiliateaOrder: PeniculidaFamily: ParameciidaeGenus: Paramecia

#8 ParameciumUnicellular ciliate protozoaFormerly known as “slipper

animalcules” from their slipper shapeSimple cilia cover the body,

which allow the cell to move like a caterpillar. There is also a deep oral groove containing inconspicuous compound oral cilia used to draw food inside. They generally feed on bacteria and other small cells.

#8 - ParameciumOsmoregulation is carried out by

a pair of contractile vacuoles which actively expel water absorbed by osmosis from their surroundings.

Paramecia are widespread in freshwater environments, and are especially common in scums.

Paramecia are attracted by acidic conditions.

#8 ParameciumWhen a paramecium

encounters an obstacle, it exhibits the so-called avoidance reaction: It backs away at an angle and starts off in a new direction.

#8 - Paramecium Ciliate

#8 - Paramecium Has a VACUOLE to remove wastes Has a NUCLEUS Has hairs called CILIA to move it

around

#8 - Paramecium Paramecium aurelia Scientific classification Kingdom:Protista Phylum:Ciliophora Class:Oligohymenophorea Order:Peniculida Family:Parameciidae Genus:Paramecia Species: aurelia

#8 - ParameciumVery SmallLooked like fast moving little logsUnicellularEukaryotes = so they do have a nucleus BUT not much to see inside or see them do…

PARAMECIUM

Complex insides of Paramecium

Did you learn 3 small animals and 1 protista?

Video link for 5 minutes

http://www.ebiomedia.com/index.php?page=shop.product_details&flypage=shop.flypage&product_id=1&category_id=3&manufacturer_id=0&option=com_virtuemart&Itemid=38