IDENTIFY THE BASIC PROPERTIES OF ACID AND BASES.

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IDENTIFY THE BASIC PROPERTIES OF ACID AND BASES.

Key concepts/skills:Level 1: Define key vocabulary. Level 2: Identify the basic properties of acids and bases and determine acid or base using litmus paper.Level 3: Recognize the pH scale and the numerical relationship between the acids and the bases on the scale.

IDENTIFY THE BASIC PROPERTIES OF ACID AND BASES.

Key vocabularyAcidsBasesHydrogen ionHydroxide ionpH scaleLitmus Paper

IDENTIFY THE BASIC PROPERTIES OF ACID AND BASES.

I. Acids

A. All solutions are either acid, bases or neutral.

B. Acids- substances that release H+ ions when in solution.

1. Feel sticky and taste sour

2. Hydrogen ion H+ is what makes acids so corrosive and dangerous

3. H+ is an ion with no electrons/ will take electrons from any atom

IDENTIFY THE BASIC PROPERTIES OF ACID AND BASES.

C. Bases – substances that release hydroxide ions when in solution (alkaline)

1. Feel slippery and taste bitter

2. Hydroxide ions OH- is what makes bases corrosive or dangerous

3. OH- will give electron to any atom

4. Bases are good cleaners because they loosen dirt without damaging like acids

5. When acids and bases are combined, the OH- and the H+ combine to form a salt and H2O which is neutral

IDENTIFY THE BASIC PROPERTIES OF ACID AND BASES.

D. Litmus paper – used to determine whether a solution is acid or base

1. Blue litmus paper turns red for acid, no change not an acid

2. Red litmus paper turns blue for base, no change not a base

3. If neither paper changes solution is neutral

IDENTIFY THE BASIC PROPERTIES OF ACID AND BASES.

E. pH Scale – potential H+ ions1.The pH scale quantifies the

amount of H+ and OH- in any solution

2.Goes from 0 – 14 3.0- is the acid end of the scale4.7 is neutral5.14 is the basic end of the scale6.The scale is log-base 10 (this

means that a 5 is ten times more acidic than a 6)

IDENTIFY THE BASIC PROPERTIES OF ACID AND BASES.

H +

-HO

IDENTIFY THE BASIC PROPERTIES OF ACID AND BASES.