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Max. Marks: 100

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Time: 3 hrs.

Eighth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, Jlurae 2012

Wireless Gommunication

Notez Answer FIVE full questions, selectingat least TWO questions from each part.

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PART - ACompare I G, 2G and 3G cellular systems.Explain the different steps involved in AMPS mobile-originated call.What are the basic characteristics of 4G cellular systems?

Describe the home location register (HLP) implementation and its operation. (06 Marks)With a neat sketch, explain the hardware view of a cellular network. (08 Marks)

c. Explain mobile station ISDN (MSISDN) Identification Number. Give an example. (06 Marks)

Explain the capacity expansion techniques: cell splitting and cell sectoring. (08 Marks)What is mobility management? Explain location management of a mobile station. (08 Marks)For a pafticular radio transmission technology, a minimum S/I ratio of l5 dB is needed forproper operation. What is.the minimum required cluster size if the path loss exponent isct = 4? Assume that there are six co-channel cells in the first tier and all of them are at thesame distance flom the mobile. (04 Marks)

4 a. With a neat sketch, explain GSM network architecture. (10 Marks)b. Describe the GSM TDMA time slot. (04 Marks)c. Contrast the GSM hyper flame, super frame, multi frame and TDMA frame. (06 Marks)

PART - B5 a. With a neai sketch, explain the detailed steps required for radio resource connection

establishment in GSM cellular svstems. (10 Marks)b. What is the basic difference between intra-BSC handover and inter-BSC handover?

c. Why is a modified version of LAPD necessary fbr the Um interface? ,,.(JjExplain the network nodes found in a 'Cdma 2000' wireless system: jr'Describe the CDMA mobile operation known as access channelExplain the following briefly in case of CDMA systems:

7 a. Explain the error detection and correction codes used for wireless telecommunications.

i) Soft handoffiii) Soft softer handoff

Describe an OFDM modulation system.What is the received power in dBm for a signal in fiee space with a transmitting power ofl0 Watts, frequency of 1900 MHz and distance from the receiver of 2 km if the transmittingantenna and receiving antenna have the same gain of approximately 1.6? What is the pathloss in dB?

8 a. What are the basic goals ofthe IEEE 802.1I wireless LAN standards?b. Explain the components of the B luetooth architecture.c. How is system capacity typically increased for a wireless MAN?

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Eighth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, June 2012

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Embedded System Design

Time: 3 hrs. Max. Marks: 100

Note: Answer FIVE full questions, selectingat least TWO questions from each part.

PART-AI a. What is an embedded system? Why is it so hard to define? (04 Marks)

b. Define time-to-market and NRE cost matrics? The life time of a product is 58 weeks. If the

product is delayed by 5 weeks, determine the percentage revenue loss? Determine the perproduct cost if NRE cost is Rs.500000.00 and unit cost is Rs.8000.00 and company produces

6000 units of that product.

c. Explain how the top-down design process improves the productivity.

c. Explain the features of flash memory and DRAM.

b.

c.

2 a. Explain the purpose ofcontroller and datapath in a single purpose processor. (04 Marks)

b. Write a simple algorithm to find GCD of two integer numbers. Write FSMD for thisalgorithm and explain how it can be optimized. Also write its optimized FSMD. (08 Marks)

c. Explain in brief, standard sofiware development process used in embedded system.(08 Marks)

3 a. What is watch-dog timer? What is its use? A l6-bit timer operates at a clock frequency of 20

MHz. Determine the resolution and range of this timer. If a + 4 prescalar is also used, whatis the range and resolution of this design? (06 Marks)

b. Highlight the advantages of using data in digital form over its analog form. Explain the

working of successive approximation type of analog to digital converter, with an example.(10 Marks)

(04 Marks)

4 a. Explain in brief, the memory hierarchy and cache operation. Given the following three cache

designs, find the one with the best performance, by calculating the average cost of access.

i) 4 kbytes, 8-way set associative cache with 670 miss rate. Cache hit costs I -cycle,cache miss costs l2-cycles.

iD 8 kbytes, 4-way set associative cache with 4Vo miss rate. Cache hit costs 2-cycles,cache miss costs l2-cycles.

iii) 16 kbytes, 2-way set associative cache with 2Vo miss rate. Cache hit costs 3-cycles,

cache miss costs l2-cvcles. (10 Marks)

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With an example, explain shared data problem. Also explain how an interrupt facility cansolve this shared data problem. (10 Marks)

Define interrupt latency. Mention the factors that affects interrupt latency. (04 Marks)

Explain in brief, Function-Queue-Scheduling architecture. (06 Marks)

Briefly compare the methods for intertask communication. (10 Marks)

Explain in brief, thee different states of task in RTOS. (05 Marks)

Briefly compare the three methods of protecting shared data. (05 Marks)

What are the two rules, that interrupt routines in most RTOS environment must follow, thatdo not apply to task codes? (05 Marks)

b. Illustrate with suitable examples and explain what happens when each rule of question no.7ais violated.

8 a. With suitable example, explain encapsulating semaphores.

b. Briefly explain any six problems with semaphores.

c. Give the hard real-time scheduling considerations.

(15 Marks)

(08 Marks)

(07 Marks)

(05 Marks)

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Eighth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, June 2Ol2

GSM

Time: 3 hrs.

I a. With relevant figuresservices.

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b. Write a short note on MS subsystem. (06 Marks)

c. With a neat diagram, explain the mapping of GSM layers on to OSI layers' (06 Marks)

2 a. List the.radio link measurements used in GSM. Discuss the current techniques used in GSM

to reduce interference.

b. write a short note on channel borrowing.

PART - A

explain GSM PLMN structure. Explain its general objectives and(08 Marks)

(12 Marks)

(08 Marks)

3 a. Explain the logical channel structure of GSM, discussing the functionalities of each_._ ^ - _

(10 Marks)

b.

c.

4a.b.

5a.

b.

6a.b.

c.

7a.b.

With a flow diagram, explain mobile identification process. (06 Marks)

Give the structures of various bursts used in GSM.

What are the attributes of a speech codec? Explain.

What are vocoders? Explain the working ofa full-rate vocoder with releuun' fi9u'",r. *".ur)

PART - B

Discuss the message flow between MS and BSS, listing the primitives

messages.

What is handover? Explain intra MSC handover, using a flow diagram.

What are wireless security requirements?

Explain the file structure of a SIM card.

What is token based challenge?

Discuss teletraffic models.

Explain planning of a wireless network.

a. What are the management requfements of a wireless network?

b. What are the five TMN layers? Explain the pertinent three layers briefly.

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Eighth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, Jtne 2Ol2

Biomedical Signal Processing

Time: 3 hrs. Max. Marks: 1 00

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PART - AI a. Discuss the difficulties encountered during biomedical signal acquisition and analysis.

(08 Marks)

b. With the help of a block diagram, explain the objectives of biomedical signal analysis.

c. Explain the following biomedical signals, drawranges relevant to these signals:i) ECG. iD EEG,

(06 Marks)

the waveforms and give the frequency

Marks)

tn norse(10 Marks)

2 a. Starting from mesh equations of potential differences between the links RA, LA & LLderive the expressions for aVt, aVl and aVp. Also represent relationships between these

standard and augmented lead voltages using vector diagram. (08 Marks)

b. Explain the different bandwidths that are used in ECG. Describe the principal applicationsfor each of these bandwidths. (06 Marks)

c. What are the two types of electrodes used in ECG? Which of them is popular? Why?(06 Marks)

a. .Compare analog and digital filters. What are the types of digital filters?-, . .- (08 Marks)

b. The z-transform of a filter is given by

H"t= l-7-'I - 1.06052-r + 0.56252-'z

What is its i) amplitude response ii) Phase response?

4 a. With a block diagram and relevant expressions, explaincanceller model.

b. What are the main advantages of adaptive filters over fixed filters? Explain how a sine wave

model is used for 60 Hz adaptive cancellation. (10 Marks)

PART _ B5 a. Mention the characteristics of noise and signal in signal averaging techniques. Explain a

typical signal averager with the help ofblock diagram. (10 Marks)

b. Show that signal averaging improves the SNR by a factor of{m, where m is the number ofsweeps considered. What are the limitations of signal averaging? (10 Marks)

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06EC834

a. Explain the tuming point algorithm and fan'algorithm, each with an example. (10 Marks)

b. For the given data set

{ l, l, l, l, t, t, t, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3,3, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4,s,s,s, 6, 6, 7 |Derive the codewords for the data using Huffman coding. What is the codeword length(average codeword length). Also depict the merging operation in a binary tree. (10 Marks)

7 a. Explain a real time algorithm for QRS detection. Explain how heart rate is measured usingR-R interval using the same algorithm. (10 Marks)

b. With the help of a diagram of an ECG signal with tokens and of state transition diagram,explain automata based template matching of QRS detection.

a. Explain the portable arrhythmia monitor, with a block diagram.

b. Write shoft note on ST segment analysis.

c. Describe the differences between a general purpose microprocessor & DSPs.

(10 Marks)

(10 Marks)

(06 Marks)

(04 Marks)

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