9-1 management information systems for the information age chapter 9 emerging trends and...

9-9-11 Management Information Systems Management Information Systems

for the Information Agefor the Information Age

Chapter 9Chapter 9

Emerging Trends and Emerging Trends and TechnologiesTechnologies

Business, People, and Business, People, and Technology tomorrowTechnology tomorrow



Presentation OverviewPresentation Overview The Need For Information FilteringThe Need For Information Filtering The Movement Toward Intellectual ComputingThe Movement Toward Intellectual Computing The Changing of Physiological InteractionThe Changing of Physiological Interaction Increasing Portability and MobilityIncreasing Portability and Mobility The Digital FrontierThe Digital Frontier The Rebirth of E-CommerceThe Rebirth of E-Commerce The Most Important ConsiderationsThe Most Important Considerations



Opening Case StudyOpening Case StudyWould You Use an Internet-Enabled Toilet?Would You Use an Internet-Enabled Toilet?

Matsushita recently announced its plan to Matsushita recently announced its plan to make Internet-enabled toilets widely make Internet-enabled toilets widely available to the public.available to the public.

How would an internet-enabled toilet How would an internet-enabled toilet impact your life and your privacy?impact your life and your privacy?



Technology is changing everyday. Technology is changing everyday.

As you read this chapter focus on how As you read this chapter focus on how new technologies will change the things new technologies will change the things that you do, both from a personal and that you do, both from a personal and organizational perspective.organizational perspective.

IntroductionIntroduction



IntroductionIntroduction



The Need For Information The Need For Information FilteringFiltering

Push, Not Pull TechnologiesPush, Not Pull Technologies In a pull technology environment you request In a pull technology environment you request

and find what information you want.and find what information you want.

Push technologyPush technology – an environment in which – an environment in which businesses and organizations come to you with businesses and organizations come to you with information, services, and product offerings information, services, and product offerings based on your profile.based on your profile.




Push, Not Pull TechnologiesPush, Not Pull Technologies



Information suppliers include businesses that provide Information suppliers include businesses that provide you with magazines, newspapers, Internet access, you with magazines, newspapers, Internet access, telephone service, cable TV, books, and the like. telephone service, cable TV, books, and the like.

If you receive your newspaper from the same company If you receive your newspaper from the same company that supplies your Internet access you are experiencing that supplies your Internet access you are experiencing supplier convergence.supplier convergence.

You’ll notice a greater ability to filter information when You’ll notice a greater ability to filter information when you start to enjoy the convergence of information you start to enjoy the convergence of information suppliers. suppliers.


Information Supplier Convergence Information Supplier Convergence



Automatic speech recognition has come a Automatic speech recognition has come a long way in the past several years, but it long way in the past several years, but it still has a long way to go. still has a long way to go.

If we someday create intelligent software, If we someday create intelligent software, then speech recognition will become then speech recognition will become speech understanding. speech understanding.

The Movement Toward The Movement Toward Intellectual ComputingIntellectual Computing

Automatic Speech UnderstandingAutomatic Speech Understanding



Regardless of how Regardless of how intelligent a computer intelligent a computer system may become, it system may become, it will never completely will never completely replace people in all replace people in all aspects of decision aspects of decision making. making.

The Movement Toward The Movement Toward Intellectual ComputingIntellectual Computing

People Will Still Make The DecisionsPeople Will Still Make The Decisions

On Your Own

Where Should the Decision Rest?

(p. 444)(p. 444)



The Changing Of The Changing Of Physiological InteractionPhysiological Interaction

Biometrics Biometrics - the use of your physical - the use of your physical characteristics – such as your fingerprint, characteristics – such as your fingerprint, the blood vessels in the retina of your eye, the blood vessels in the retina of your eye, the sound of your voice, or perhaps even the sound of your voice, or perhaps even your breath – to provide identification. your breath – to provide identification.



The Changing Of The Changing Of Physiological Interaction Physiological Interaction

Automatic Speech RecognitionAutomatic Speech Recognition Automatic speech recognitionAutomatic speech recognition ( (ASRASR) – a ) – a

system that not only captures spoken words but system that not only captures spoken words but also distinguishes word groupings to form also distinguishes word groupings to form sentences. sentences.

An ASR system follows three steps.An ASR system follows three steps.1.1. Feature analysisFeature analysis - the system captures your words - the system captures your words

as you speak into a microphone, eliminates any as you speak into a microphone, eliminates any background noise, and converts the digital signals of background noise, and converts the digital signals of your speech into phonemes (syllables).your speech into phonemes (syllables).




Automatic Speech RecognitionAutomatic Speech Recognition

2.2. Pattern classificationPattern classification - the system matches - the system matches your spoken phonemes to a phoneme sequence your spoken phonemes to a phoneme sequence stored in an acoustic model database. stored in an acoustic model database.

3.3. Language processingLanguage processing - the system attempts to - the system attempts to make sense of what you’re saying by comparing make sense of what you’re saying by comparing the word phonemes generated in step 2 with a the word phonemes generated in step 2 with a language model database. language model database.




Virtual RealityVirtual Reality Virtual realityVirtual reality – a three-dimensional – a three-dimensional

computer simulation in which you computer simulation in which you actively and physically participate.actively and physically participate. GloveGlove – an input device that captures and – an input device that captures and

records the shape and movement of your records the shape and movement of your hand and fingers and the strength of your hand and fingers and the strength of your hand and finger movements.hand and finger movements.




Virtual RealityVirtual Reality HeadsetHeadset – a combined input and output device – a combined input and output device

that (1) captures and records the movement of that (1) captures and records the movement of your head and (2) contains a screen that covers your head and (2) contains a screen that covers your entire field of vision and displays various your entire field of vision and displays various views of an environment based on your views of an environment based on your movements.movements.

WalkerWalker – an input device that captures and – an input device that captures and records the movement of your feet as you walk records the movement of your feet as you walk or turn in different directions.or turn in different directions.




Virtual RealityVirtual Reality

Team Work

Finding Applications Of Virtual Reality

(p. 446)




Cave Automatic Virtual EnvironmentCave Automatic Virtual Environment CAVECAVE ( (cave automatic virtual environmentcave automatic virtual environment) - ) -

a special 3-D virtual reality room that can a special 3-D virtual reality room that can display images of other people and objects display images of other people and objects located in other CAVEs all over the world. located in other CAVEs all over the world.

Holographic devicesHolographic devices – devices that create, – devices that create, capture, and/or display images in true three-capture, and/or display images in true three-dimensional form. dimensional form.




Cave Automatic Virtual EnvironmentCave Automatic Virtual Environment



Increasing Portability and Increasing Portability and MobilityMobility

Portability refers to how easy it is for you Portability refers to how easy it is for you to carry around your technology. to carry around your technology.

Mobility encompasses what you have the Mobility encompasses what you have the ability to do with your technology while ability to do with your technology while carrying it around. carrying it around.




Free Internet Phone CallsFree Internet Phone Calls




Micro-Payments and Financial Micro-Payments and Financial CybermediariesCybermediaries

Micro-paymentsMicro-payments - techniques to facilitate - techniques to facilitate the exchange of small amounts of money the exchange of small amounts of money for an Internet transaction. for an Internet transaction.

Financial cybermediariesFinancial cybermediaries - Internet- - Internet-based companies that make it easy for based companies that make it easy for one person to pay another person over the one person to pay another person over the Internet. Internet.




Wearable ComputersWearable Computers

Wearable computerWearable computer - a fully-equipped - a fully-equipped computer that you wear as a piece of clothing or computer that you wear as a piece of clothing or attached to a piece of clothing similar to way you attached to a piece of clothing similar to way you would carry your cell phone on your belt. would carry your cell phone on your belt.




Wearable ComputersWearable Computers




Implant ChipsImplant Chips

Implant chipImplant chip - a technology-enabled - a technology-enabled microchip implanted into the human microchip implanted into the human body. Implant chips server two body. Implant chips server two functions:functions:

1.1. Contains memory which stores important Contains memory which stores important information about you.information about you.

2.2. Many of these chips are GPS-enabled. Many of these chips are GPS-enabled.




Implant ChipsImplant Chips Global positioning systemGlobal positioning system ( (GPSGPS) - a ) - a

collection of 24 earth-orbiting satellites that collection of 24 earth-orbiting satellites that continuously transmit radio signals to continuously transmit radio signals to determine your current longitude, latitude, determine your current longitude, latitude, speed, and direction of movement.speed, and direction of movement.




Implant ChipsImplant Chips

Team Work

Selling the Idea of Implant Chips at Your School

(p. 451)(p. 451)



The Digital FrontierThe Digital Frontier

Digital economyDigital economy – marked by the electronic movement – marked by the electronic movement of all types of information, not limited to numbers, words, of all types of information, not limited to numbers, words, graphs, and photos but including physiological graphs, and photos but including physiological information such as voice recognition and synthesization, information such as voice recognition and synthesization, biometrics (your retina scan and breath for example), biometrics (your retina scan and breath for example), and 3-D holograms.and 3-D holograms.

Last-mile bottleneck problemLast-mile bottleneck problem - occurs when - occurs when information is traveling on the Internet over a very fast information is traveling on the Internet over a very fast line for a certain distance and then comes near your line for a certain distance and then comes near your home where it must travel over a slower line. home where it must travel over a slower line.



The Digital FrontierThe Digital FrontierThree-Dimensional TechnologyThree-Dimensional Technology

Three-dimensionalThree-dimensional ( (3-D3-D) technology - ) technology - presentations of information that give you presentations of information that give you the illusion that the object you’re viewing is the illusion that the object you’re viewing is actually in the room with you. actually in the room with you.



The Digital FrontierThe Digital FrontierDigital CashDigital Cash

Digital cashDigital cash (also (also called called electronic electronic cashcash or or e-cashe-cash) - ) - an electronic an electronic representation of representation of cash.cash.



The Rebirth of E-CommerceThe Rebirth of E-CommerceBroadening of E-GovernmentBroadening of E-Government

There are four primary focuses in the e-government arena.There are four primary focuses in the e-government arena.1.1. Government-to-GovernmentGovernment-to-Government ( (G2GG2G) – performing ) – performing

electronic commerce activities within a single nation’s electronic commerce activities within a single nation’s government focusing on vertical integration and government focusing on vertical integration and horizontal integration.horizontal integration.

2.2. Government-to-BusinessGovernment-to-Business ( (G2BG2B) – the electronic ) – the electronic commerce activities performed between a government commerce activities performed between a government and its business partners for such purposes as and its business partners for such purposes as purchasing direct and indirect materials, soliciting bids purchasing direct and indirect materials, soliciting bids for work, and accepting bids for work.for work, and accepting bids for work.




3.3. Government-to-ConsumerGovernment-to-Consumer ( (G2CG2C) – the ) – the electronic commerce activities performed electronic commerce activities performed between a government and its citizens or between a government and its citizens or consumers including paying taxes, registering consumers including paying taxes, registering vehicles, and providing information and vehicles, and providing information and services.services.

4.4. International Government-to-GovernmentInternational Government-to-Government ((IG2GIG2G) – the electronic commerce activities ) – the electronic commerce activities performed between two or more governments performed between two or more governments including providing foreign aid.including providing foreign aid.



The Rebirth of E-CommerceThe Rebirth of E-CommerceExplosion of C2C E-CommerceExplosion of C2C E-Commerce

Of all the types of private-sector e-Of all the types of private-sector e-commerce activities – B2B, B2C, C2C, commerce activities – B2B, B2C, C2C, and C2B – the least amount of revenue and C2B – the least amount of revenue dollars right now is in the C2C (consumer-dollars right now is in the C2C (consumer-to-consumer) space. to-consumer) space.

We expect that to change rather We expect that to change rather dramatically in the next several years. dramatically in the next several years.



The Most Important The Most Important ConsiderationsConsiderations

The Necessity of TechnologyThe Necessity of Technology Technology is a necessity today. Technology is a necessity today.

It’s hard to imagine a world without It’s hard to imagine a world without technology.technology.

Just as we need electricity to function on Just as we need electricity to function on an everyday basis, we need technology as an everyday basis, we need technology as well.well.




Closing the Great Digital DivideClosing the Great Digital Divide The power of technology needs to be The power of technology needs to be

realized on a worldwide scale. realized on a worldwide scale.

We cannot afford to have any technology-We cannot afford to have any technology-challenged nation or culture (within challenged nation or culture (within reason).reason).




Technology for the Betterment of People Technology for the Betterment of People and Societyand Society

As you approach the development and As you approach the development and use of technological innovations (or use of technological innovations (or even standard technologies), think in even standard technologies), think in terms of the betterment of people and terms of the betterment of people and society in general.society in general.




Exchanging Privacy for ConvenienceExchanging Privacy for Convenience

You need to consider how much of your You need to consider how much of your personal privacy you’re giving up in personal privacy you’re giving up in exchange for convenience. exchange for convenience.

Everyday you’re giving up just a little more Everyday you’re giving up just a little more privacy in exchange for a little more privacy in exchange for a little more convenience. convenience.



The Most Important The Most Important ConsiderationsConsiderationsEthics, Ethics, EthicsEthics, Ethics, Ethics

Ethics guide your Ethics guide your behavior that affects behavior that affects other people. other people.

It’s quite possible to be It’s quite possible to be very ethical and very very ethical and very successful. successful.

On Your Own

Necessity, Convenience,

and Privacy(p. 458) (p. 458)



Closing Case Study OneClosing Case Study OneAirtexting: Wave Your Cell Phone Airtexting: Wave Your Cell Phone

Message In The AirMessage In The Air U.S. manufacturers of cell phones and providers U.S. manufacturers of cell phones and providers

of cell phone service are heavily targeting of cell phone service are heavily targeting teenagers. teenagers.

Wildseed has determined that teenagers have Wildseed has determined that teenagers have three cell phone concerns including visual three cell phone concerns including visual appeal, functionality, and price.appeal, functionality, and price.

Are cell phones a technology of convenience or Are cell phones a technology of convenience or necessity? necessity?



Closing Case Study TwoClosing Case Study TwoStadiums of the FutureStadiums of the Future

Stadiums of the future will have many Stadiums of the future will have many technology-based activities from ordering and technology-based activities from ordering and paying for food and beverages at your seat to paying for food and beverages at your seat to sending messages to other people in the sending messages to other people in the stadium.stadium.

Can you think of any other industries that are Can you think of any other industries that are implementing technology-based activities?implementing technology-based activities?



Summary Summary Student Learning Outcomes Student Learning Outcomes

1.1. Describe why information filtering is becoming Describe why information filtering is becoming important and list and define the two trends important and list and define the two trends that will support information filtering.that will support information filtering.

2.2. Describe the movement toward intellectual Describe the movement toward intellectual computing including automatic speech computing including automatic speech understanding and the role of people in understanding and the role of people in decision making.decision making.

3.3. Define biometrics, automatic speech Define biometrics, automatic speech recognition, virtual reality, and CAVEs as they recognition, virtual reality, and CAVEs as they relate to changes in physiological interaction.relate to changes in physiological interaction.



Summary Summary Student Learning OutcomesStudent Learning Outcomes

4.4. Describe the various technology innovations Describe the various technology innovations and trends that will increase portability and and trends that will increase portability and mobility.mobility.

5.5. Discuss the challenges of and technological Discuss the challenges of and technological innovations for the coming digital frontier.innovations for the coming digital frontier.

6.6. Describe the broadening of e-government and Describe the broadening of e-government and the coming C2C explosion as they relate to the the coming C2C explosion as they relate to the rebirth of e-commerce.rebirth of e-commerce.



Summary Summary Assignments & ExercisesAssignments & Exercises

1.1. Researching wearable computersResearching wearable computers2.2. Information supplier convergence in your Information supplier convergence in your

areaarea3.3. Finding a good automatic speech Finding a good automatic speech

recognition systemrecognition system4.4. Understanding the relationships between Understanding the relationships between

trends and technological innovationstrends and technological innovations5.5. Making a phone call on the internetMaking a phone call on the internet



Summary Summary Assignments & ExercisesAssignments & Exercises

6.6. Learning about financial cybermediaries Learning about financial cybermediaries

7.7. Researching intelligent home appliancesResearching intelligent home appliances

8.8. Researching e-government servicesResearching e-government services



Visit the Web to Learn MoreVisit the Web to Learn Morewww.mhhe.com/haagwww.mhhe.com/haag

MBA programsMBA programs Specialized MBA programsSpecialized MBA programs Graduate school information and tipsGraduate school information and tips Tele-Education (distance learning)Tele-Education (distance learning) Speech recognitionSpeech recognition

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