9.human recovery needs hrna
DESCRIPTION
HRNATRANSCRIPT
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Human Development Recovery Needs Assessments
(HRNA)
United Nations Development Programme Bureau for Crisis Prevention & Recovery
Bangkok, ThailandNovember 2010
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Presentation Aim
To introduce and justify Human Development Recovery Needs Assessments (HRNA) as a key element of PDNAs
To provide examples from Asia of recent approaches to HRNA
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Presentation Order
What is HRNA and why is it important?
Who does HRNAs and how are they done?
Where can I find resources on HRNA?
What are examples of HRNA in Asia?
What are the lessons and challenges from recent experiences with HRNA?
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What is HRNA?
HRNA is shorthand for Human Development Recovery Needs Assessments
HRNA are assessments that determine the requirements for the full resilient recovery of human development for affected populations, including the restoration of governance systems
Resilient recovery means that disaster risks are reduced (Sometimes called holistic recovery or sustainable recovery)
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Recovery of Human Development: Definition
Measures to restore peoples abilities to recover their full potential to lead productive, creative lives in accordance with their needs and interests.
In reference to Human Development
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Recovery and Human Development PathsHuman Development Index (HDI)
MDG
Pre-Crisis Development Path
Pre disaster HDI
Recovery Path
Relief
6 to 12 months 5 to 10 years Time
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Why recovery of human development?
Development experts have learned importance of multi-disciplinary approaches to twin pillars of economic development and human development.
Neither approach replaces the other; two complimentary streams of analysis (DaLA and HRNA)
HRNA reflects concerns/priorities of individuals and stakeholders viz DaLAs orientation to national accounts
Relationship between DaLA and actual recovery needs not straightforward; governments requesting more analysis to ensure recovery of human development
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Why? continued... The needs and priorities identified by the
affected communities themselves are neglected
Insufficient attention is often given to the social impacts of disasters
Local knowledge, resources and experience are not adequately addressed
While macro-level socio-economic data is often collected, much information is missed at the meso- and micro-levels
Important opportunities may be missed
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Who does HRNA?
Government led; Government sectoral specialists; Line ministries/departments/offices
PDNA sector teams
Supported by specialised UN agencies as per mandates, global conventions, etc.
Informed by and builds on humanitarian institutions and processes
And, disaster-affected key stakeholders
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What is the focus of HRNAs?
Effects of disaster on social/community/ household functions & processes
Priorities for recovery interventions, sequencing and focus areas
Needs for resources for interventions in monetary terms
Capacities required to meet recovery objectives (& measures to address gaps)
Risk reduction measures to ensure resilient recovery
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HRNA for each sector:Should estimates impacts and requirements for:
Restoration of governance systems
Measures to ensure access for all to reconstructed infrastructure
Approaches to fully restore livelihood systems
Pressing basic needs and services
Re-establishment of community functioning
Support spontaneous recovery
Post disaster capacity building
Enhancing resilience against & reducing disaster risks
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Where to find resources? Guidance is found in Sectoral and Thematic
Methodologies for Assessing Human Impacts and Recovery Needs (coming soon!)
Chapters can be found here: www.recoveryplatform.org/PDNA
For example: Agriculture; Community Infrastructure; Culture; Disaster Risk Reduction; Education; Environment; Gender; Governance; Health; Housing, Land, Property and Human Settlements; Information Management; Livelihoods, Employment and Income; Use of Geospatial Information and Satellite Derived Productsand more
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www.recoveryplatform.org/PDNA
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Country example, HRNA - Indonesia
HRNA embedded in legal framework
Linked to financing facility
Adapting global guidance for country context
Improved through application and post-crisis learning
Committed government leadership
UN-supported
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Country example, HRNA - Myanmar
2008 Cyclone Nargis
Focus on affected communities perspectives through Village Tract Assessment
Part of the Post-Nargis Joint Assessment (PONJA) coordinated by ASEAN* Perceptions of why the disaster was so bad.
* Proportion of deaths by age and gender.
* Support needed by communities.
* Priorities for repairing infrastructure.
* Household expenditure priorities.
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VTA: 30 most affected townships
Loss of
food stocks
agricultural income
fisheries income
livestock income
seed stocks
shelter
Levels of destruction
Changing nature of temporary shelter
Salination of ponds
Sanitation situation
Damage to schools
Access to credit
Levels of psychological stress
Reach of humanitarian efforts
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Country example, Pakistan
2010 Monsoon Floods
No PDNAbut Damage and Needs Assessment led by IFIs
UN: Focus on impact of floods on human development, using MDGs as proxies
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Gross and Net Primary Enrollment
40.0%
50.0%
60.0%
70.0%
80.0%
90.0%
100.0%
110.0%
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Pre-flood NER projection Post-flood NER projection Pre-flood NER level
Pre-flood GER projectoins Post-flood GER projections Pre-flood GER level
GER
NER
Pre-flood pathway
Post-flood pathway
Pre-flood level
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MDG 2: Survival Rate (Primary Education)
40.0%
45.0%
50.0%
55.0%
60.0%
65.0%
70.0%
75.0%
80.0%
2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015
Pre-flood projection Post-flood projection Pre-flood level
Survival rate
Post-flood level
Post-flood pathway Pre-flood pathway
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Lessons & Challenges of HRNA Best to prepare for recovery planning before disasters
Methodologies evolving rapidly, limited dissemination
An approach versus a single methodology
Different institutions have different expectations/uses of PDNA materials, including DaLA and HRNA; can be challenging to reconcile and prioritise
DaLA can consume most of the available PDNA technical resources; experts must be dedicated to HRNA
Without champions, voices of disaster-affected communities do not inform recovery processes
Without HRNA leaders, PDNAs can be limited to DaLA
Timing is challenging, given humanitarian imperatives
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Thank you
Questions, Observations or Comments?