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ATN 99September 23, 1999

VHF Digital Link Mode 2 Deployment Strategy

Vic Nagowskivjn@arinc.com

GLOBALink

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Agenda

• Existing Air/Ground Services

• Customer Requirements

• VDL Mode 2 Deployment Strategy

• Frequency Management Issues

• Summary

HF and VHF Voice Communications

• Operate Communications Centers in New York and San Francisco Providing ATS and AOC Communications

• Handle All ATS Communications in U.S. FIRs for FAA

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GLOBALinkVHF in North America

• Operational Since 1978; Over 400 Ground Stations

• Used by Over 5,800 Aircraft to Communicate 15 Million Messages per Month

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GLOBALinkVHF in North America Plus SATCOM

• SATCOM Operational Since 1991

• Used by Over 700 Aircraft; 1 Million Kilobits per Month Including ATS Messages in Pacific

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GLOBALinkAdded VHF in Europe in 1998

• 60 Stations Currently Operational, 1 New Station Every 9 Days Since Deployment Began

• Serving Over 600 Aircraft

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GLOBALinkAdded VHF in Asia in 1998

• In Partnership With AEROTHAI and ADCC, China

• 36 Ground Stations Used by Nearly 600 Aircraft

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GLOBALinkAdded HFDL in ‘98; South America in ‘99

• 10 HFDL Stations Operational Today; Coverage Across North Pole

• South American Implementation Underway

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Customer Requirements

• Shared network for AOC and ATC use• Designed to meet ATC requirements

– Availability at IOC will be 0.9999– Message latency 3.5 sec, 95%– No single point of failure – Network components have

primary/secondary connections– Flexible and expandable architecture– Enables message priorities

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VDL Mode 2 Architecture

VDL Mode 2 Program

• Bit-oriented VHF data link• Development based on

ICAO standards• Supports user-transparent

data transfer• OSI compliant• ATN compliant• Meets AOC and ATS

requirements• Provision to support

broadcast applications in the future

• Evolutionary approach… smooth migration from ACARS

VDL Mod

e 2

ACARS

NewBit OrientedEnd Systems

ExistingACARS

End Systems

ARINCNetwork

Host

Host

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VDL Modes 3 & 4 Support

• ARINC VDL Mode 2 development effort will not prohibit migration to VDL Modes 3 & 4– ARINC digital ground radios support

current VDL Mode 3 performance requirements

• ARINC will support FAA and industry VDL Mode 3 & 4 requirements as they evolve and airline requirements are demonstrated

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Ground Station Deployment Strategy

• Phase 1– All critical airports plus en-route

coverage in domestic U.S. by year end 2000

• Phase 2– All North American U.S. IAGS VDL

capable, 2003• Phase 3

– Redundant coverage planned for class A and B airspace, 2002-2005

• Phase 4– VDL Europe, scheduled for 2002-2004

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ARINC VDL Mode 2 & ATN Development

• ARINC is developing ATN compliant VDL Mode 2 subnetwork and ground infrastructure– Support FAA and CAAs interoperability

testing– Maximize use of COTS software– Acquire ATN compliant network software– Develop interoperability test strategy to

insure compatibility with ATNSI RRI

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VDL Mode 2 AOA

• If a transition step is required, ACARS over AVLC (AOA) would be implemented– AOA uses the same physical layer

(D8PSK) and data link layer (Aviation VHF Link Control) as specified in the VDL SARPs

– AOA is on the path to full ATN with minimal throw-away software

– AOA will support CY2000 operational need

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VDL Mode 2 AOA

– Reduce technical risk on a one-step ATN implementation

– Mitigate schedule risk to AOC applications

– No host modifications required– AOA is a transition step approved by the

AEEC Data Link Users Forum

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EUROCONTROL Activities

• PETAL II Trials– Demonstration of the operational use of

ATC message sets over data link– ARINC to provide VDL Mode 2 coverage in

the Maastricht UAC Center Airspace– American Airlines supporting trials with 4

767-300ER aircraft– ARINC working with American Airlines ,

Rockwell Collins & Eurocontrol to develop interoperability test strategy

– Demonstration: May 2001 - September 2001

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Proposed ARINC Petal II VDL Mode 2 Architecture

EuropeanATN

HamburgGermany

GS

LondonGatwick

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AmsterdamThe Netherlands

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FrankfurtGermany

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ParisFrance

MaastrichtUAC

ES

GS

Rev.2, 8 April 99

GS

CopenhagenDenmark

GS

BerlinGermany

ARINCRegional

ATN

ARINC Grd/GrdBoundary

Router

ARINCAGR

EUROCONTROLGrd/Grd

BoundaryRouter

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FAA Activities

• FAA Data Link Program– CPDLC Build 1 is a single-site

deployment at the Miami Air Route Traffic Control Center

• Initial Operational Capability June 2002

– CPDLC Builds 1 and 1A messages are subset of PETAL II Trials

– FAA has announced use of VDL Mode 2 in support of CPDLC Builds 1 and 1A

• ARINC under contract to FAA for CPDLC Build 1

– ARINC working with the FAA and American Airlines to address human factors & interoperability test strategy

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VDL Mode 2 Transition Planning

• The successful migration to VDL Mode 2 requires closely coordinated industry transition planning– ARINC’s data link customers commit to

VDL Mode 2 service– ARINC deploys the ground

infrastructure– Airlines develop migration plan for

airborne equipment and host application software

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VDL Mode 2 Transition Planning (Con’t)

– Airframe manufacturers provision aircraft during production

– Avionics manufacturers develop the digital interface and necessary software for the ATSU, AIMS, CMU and VDR

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Frequency Management Issues

• Aircraft Interference issues:• VDL interference to VHF voice

communications conducted on radios co-located on the same aircraft

• VDL interference to GNSS and SATCOM on radios co-located on the same aircraft

• Ground Interference Issues:• VDL interference to existing VHF voice

communications (8.33/25 kHz) • VDL interference to ACARS data

communications • VDL interference to other VDL

transmissions

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Frequency Management Issues

• Frequency management issues are being addressed by:– ICAO Aeronautical Mobile Communications Panel

working groups B and D are working the issues• Improvement in the spectrum mask for VDL

radios is expected to help reduce co-site interference without eliminating it

• Frequency management techniques– RTCA and EUROCAE are involved in developing the

necessary additional integration standards and requirements

– AEEC is involved with developing aircraft

integration standards to reduce RF interference – ARINC is investigating the ground interference

issues associated with deploying the VDL Mode 2

ground system

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VDL Mode 2 Summary

• ARINC’s VDL Mode 2 program continues to meet schedule milestones– Ground stations are being deployed– AOA will be available to support AOC data

link when needed by ARINC customers • ARINC is actively supporting a transition

planning program that will ensure successful implementation

• PETAL II and CPDLC will provide an early assessment of the ATS benefits using data link

• Frequency management issues are being addressed by the various industry committees