a brief introduction taras 度母简介

A brief introduction of TARAS度母简介

NAMO BUDDHA BUDDHIST SOCIETY, SIBU, MALAYSIA

南無布達佛教學会 No. 3B, Jalan Old Oya, 96000 Sibu, Sarawak, East-Malaysia

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NAMO BUDDHA BUDDHIST SOCIETY, SIBU, MALAYSIA Twenty-One Taras

南無布達佛教學会 1/ 13

Tārā / Tara 度母： Sanskrit Tara, from “tar” meaning to cross; Tara is believed

to protect the humans while they are “crossing the Ocean of

Existence”. In Tibetan, Tara is known as "Dölma" (Sgrol-

ma), or "She Who Saves." There are 21 Taras, each in her

own appearance, characteristic and merits. In particular

she represents compassion and action, since she’s in the

process of stepping from her lotus throne in order to help

sentient beings right away. Moreover, for the keen Tara

practice practitioners will eliminate some inner latency in

order to develop her good qualities within themselves,

ultimately leading through to a right path of Enlightenment;

secondly would directly easing some of the travails of

worldly life, cling and bad karmas.

全名「圣救度佛母」。Tara 是梵文，音「多

罗」，汉地又尊称为「多罗佛母」或「多罗观

音」；又梵文中的 tar 是「度」之意，Tara 是救

度众生横过生死苦海之义。在藏密中度母共有二

十一化身，称为「廿一度母」。在藏传佛教度母

代表了菩萨的「大悲和行动」；她的右脚伸展，

踏着莲花喻义因大悲能令众生拔苦与乐；又行者

能恒持修习度母法能内消恶习，提高个人素质，

启悟心性；外能去除我执、恶业和逆缘。

Source and History 来源历史： According to Buddhist legend, Tara was born from the tears

of compassion of Bodhisattva Avalokiteshvara. Many

aeons ago, Avalokiteshvara had saved tremendous count-

less sentient beings, once he looked upon the world of

suffering beings still, he suddenly arose sorrow, could not

bear to watch this, he wept, his tears turned into lotus and

transform into Tara, first manifestation is Green Tara, then

is white and all other colors as followed, totally 21 goddess

Tara was therefore revealed.

Tara remains very popular in India culture, in Sanskrit there

are so many prayer for worshipping Tara, such as Ārya-tārā

-nāmastottaraśataka-stotra, Ekavimśati-stotra and Ārya-

tārā-sragdharā-stotra. Tara became a Vajrayana deity with

the rise of Tantric Buddhism in 8th-century Pala India and,

with the propaganda of Indian Buddhism merge into Tibet

via Padmasambhava, the worship and practices of Tara

became incorporated into Tibetan Buddhism as well. Tara

prevails popular not only in Tibet but in Mongolia, Nepal,

Bhutan, and is worshiped in a majority of Buddhist commu-

nities throughout the world. There is also recognition in

some schools of Buddhism of twenty-one Taras. A practice

text entitled "In Praise of the 21 Taras", is recited during the

morning in all four sects of Tibetan Buddhism.

从《度母源记》里说，观世音菩萨在无量劫前，

已利益救度了无数的众生，可是有一天衪观察六

道，发现众生仍未减少，菩萨顿生忧愁，不忍再

看，这时从她双眼中流出泪水，泪珠成为莲花，

先变成绿度母，随即变出白、红等不同身色的化

身来，共廿一尊。

多罗菩萨在印度甚受崇拜，梵文有赞扬多罗菩萨

一百八名赞（Ārya-tārā-nāmastottaraśataka-

stotra）、救度佛母二十一礼赞（Ekavimśati-

stotra）、圣多罗持冠赞（Ārya-tārā-sragdharā-

stotra）等。度母成为了藏传佛教一个非常重要

的本尊；始于第八世纪印度帕拉（Pala）朝时佛

教密宗兴起，莲华生大士入藏，把当时印度佛教

和修法仪轨一并植根西藏为一重要原因。度母度

生的悲志和慈母的外形；不但西藏佛教深受影

响，连蒙古、尼泊尔、不丹甚至西方国家都大有

供奉度母之寺院。在藏传四大教派中的各大寺

院，都多以「圣救度佛母二十一种礼赞」为早

课。


南無布達佛教學会 2/ 13

Appearance & Merits 外相及功德 Venerable Noble Mother Tara, Jetsunma Phagma in Tibetan, renowned known as Green Tara. Her body in green color, looks like a young lady with a compassionate happy face. She wears a five-Buddha crown with gracious dress. She has so many precious and divine accessories such as ear-rings, bangles, arm-bangles, anklets and necklaces; there are three necklaces, the first to the neck, the second to the chest, the third necklace to the navel. She sits on a blue lotus with a moon disc on the top. Her right feet outstretches and step on a lotus, this is symbol-ized that a swift compassionate action can be taken for salvation of all beings at anytime. Her right hand is in the varada mudra of generosity or boon granting. Her left hand is in the abhaya mudra of protection and giving refuge; and holds a lotus at the same time. Abhaya mudra is the thumb and ring finger touching repre-sents the coincidence of method and wisdom, and the three extended fingers symbolize taking refuge in the Three Jew-els of Buddha, Dharma, and Sangha. All the twenty-one manifestations of Taras are with the same posture and gesture of Green Tara, only the colors are varied. Practice with devotion will shatter and cease the root of saṃsāra, eliminate all obstacles of evils and diseases, will be far from war, injury and natural disasters. Longevity and wisdom be advanced, righteous wishes be fulfilled, and further more leads to the path of liberation and finally save us a seat at the pure land.

「除诸恶难圣救度佛母」，俗称「绿度母」：本

尊身呈绿色，慈容少女相。

头戴五佛宝冠，身着天衣。颈挂璎珞宝珠三串；

第一串至胸上部，第二串至心际，第三串至脐

际，耳环、手钏、肘钏、脚镯等装饰。

两腿结半跏趺坐于莲花月轮座上，右腿伸于座

下，脚踏一朵莲花，表示准备好随时应所救度苦

厄；左腿单盘。

右手置右膝上，掌心向外，结施予印；左手置胸

前，结施依印，并拿着莲花。施依印是大拇指与

无名指相触，形成一个圆圈，此时其他三指向上

直伸；圆圈象征着施依是方法和智慧的结合，其

余三手指代表佛、法、僧「三宝」是所依之物。

所有二十尊度母伽趺坐之姿势，及冠饰等，与绿

度母均同。但颜色各别。

其功德能断轮回之根，免除一切魔障，瘟疫病

苦。消除一切水火刀兵盗贼等灾难。并能增长寿

命及福慧。凡有所求、无不如愿。命终往生极

乐。

Ven. Noble Mother Tara

Jetsunma Phagma (Green Tara)

除诸恶难圣救度佛母（绿度母）


南無布達佛教學会 3/13

Characteristic :

~ To liberates beings from the sufferings of samsara.

~ her impartial compassion benefits beings without delay.

~ she has the unhindered power to subdue demons, afflictions of beings

and protects beings from fears.

Appearance :

- looks young with a semi-wrathful smile.

- right hand is in the varada mudra.

- her left hand holds a blue lotus upon which is a right-turning conch.

特征：

〜令在轮回苦难中的众生得解脱。

〜以无私的慈心以最快的速度行利益众生的事业。

〜她有无碍大威力能降妖、消除众生苦难、和保护众生远离恐惧。

外相：

－少女相，露半忿怒相的笑容。

－右手作施予印。

－左手持蓝色莲花，上有一右旋法螺。

Noble Lady Tara Nyurma Palmo

(Fearless Swift Lady or Swift Lady)

1. 救度速勇圣度母

Characteristic :

~ clears the darkness of the ignorance of practitioners, which is the

cause of dullness, disease and possession by evils.

~ opens the door to the treasury of knowledge, the

perfect understanding of the Dharma.

Appearance :

- Lady with a shining face like an array of hundred autumn full moons.

- Her right hand holds a mirror, which is like a full moon engraved

with an HRI syllable.

特征：

～度母能消除无明黑暗，医治行者若因邪魔而生的迟钝和疾病。

〜为行者打开知识宝库的大门，展示圆满佛法的觉路。

外相：

～度母的脸颊光亮百倍于秋天的满月，明朗照耀大地。

～右手持如圆月一般的明镜，上刻有「舒以」种子字。

Noble Lady Tara Loter Yangchenma

(Lady of Treasure of Wisdom )

2. 百秋朗月圣度母



Noble Lady Tara Namgyalma

(Victorious Lady, One Who Has

Accomplished Immortality )

4. 如来顶髻圣度母

Noble Lady Tara

Sonam Thobkyedma

(Yellow Lady of Good Fortune )

3. 紫磨金色圣度母

Characteristic :

~ has ten powers: the power over life, over mind, over wealth, over action,

over birth, over inclination, over aspiration, over miracles, over primordial

wisdom, and over dharma.

~ her singular meditation is like a lotus, free from the flaw of adherence to

subject and object, and is endowed with the completion of the six

perfections.

Appearance :

- her skin is the color of pure gold glittering like the early morning sun.

- her left hand is adorned with a blue lotus, upon which sits a gem that

bestows all wishes.

特征：

～具十大威力遍布：生命，心，财富，行动，出生，意志，愿，

神通，本初智，佛法。

～禅定力如莲花般，不受客尘环境的影响，圆证六波罗蜜。

外相：

－肤色金光闪闪如晨曦的太阳。

－左手持蓝色莲花，上有如意宝石。

Characteristic :

~ achieved the ten bhumis.

~ enjoys total victory over the boundless disruptive forces.

~ enriches practitioners by dissolving the fourteen subtle essences of

the animate, inanimate, and other subtle essences of samsara and nirvana.

Appearance :

- her complexion is golden.

- she holds a vase of longevity which upon a lotus.

特征：

〜登十地，证法云地。

〜战胜破坏力量，享受完全的胜利。

〜以十四微妙种子字改进行者融摄情与无情，

乃至轮回和涅盘的不思议事。

外相：

－全身紫金色。

－手持莲花，上有长寿宝瓶。



Characteristic :

~ with the power of TUTTARA mantra and the word of HUNG, magnetizes

and leads beings to the right path of cultivation. When mental

consciousness is free from delusion and the five sensory cognitions,

the desire realm ceases. These cessations are the abiding purity,

or the fruition of purification.

~ She conquers the seven worlds by just trampling them with her feet by the

power of the mantra.

Appearance :

- body is red, sits on blue lotus.

- holds a bow and an arrow upon lotus.

特征：

～以「嘟打域」真言和「空」种子字的威猛力，带领众生踏

上正法修行之路。当心意识都远离了妄念、五欲，即与欲界的相应

也停止了而平稳的安住于净中，这是净化的果。

～她用吹灰之力，征服七个世界。

外相：

～身红色，端坐在蓝色的莲花。

～手持莲花，上有弓和箭。

Noble Lady Tara Rigyed Lhamo

(All-Knowing Lady )

5. 怛啰吽字圣度母

Characteristic :

~ the great ones of the world, and the main guardians of the directions

worship her.

~ with strong power to subdue any evildoers and makes them into the

state of Dharmadhata.

Appearance :

- dark red in color

- holds a phurba sparkling with HUNG syllables that destroy all evils.

特征：

〜世界中最尊贵的人，及十方护法都要向她膜拜。

〜以威猛力降服任何作恶者，引领他们走上正觉境界。

外相：

－身深红色。

－手持莲花，上有普巴立其中，并灿烂熌耀着「空」种子字。 Noble Lady Tara Jigyed Chenmo

(Great Terrifying Lady )

6. 释梵火天圣度母



Characteristic :

~ averts criticism and other harms, which are the source of humiliation

caused by our afflictive emotion of pride.

~ swift compassionate action, from the tranquil dharmadhatu,

and subjugates the demons.

~ eliminates those who hate and abuse the dharma and its upholders, those

who cause obstacles for practitioners, and those who harm sentient beings.

Appearance :

- the dark red frowning lady

- Her hand implement is a vajra

特征：

〜能避免任何因批评、屈辱、情绪上产生苦痛和斗乱引致的伤害。

〜从清净法界，以迅速的慈心行动，来降服恶魔。

〜消除那些仇恨和诋毁佛法的人和其随喜众，从而防止他们

加害行者及伤害众生。

外相：

－女身深红色，皱着眉头。

－手持莲花，上有金刚杵。

Noble Lady Tara

Zhen Megyalvai Palmo

(Invincible Fearless Lady )

8. 都哩大紧圣度母

Characteristic :

~ By saying tear and cut, she severs attachment to sensory objects

and purifies them.

~ she has gone beyond of the extremes of samsara and nirvana

by her compassion and realization of emptiness.

Appearance :

- She is black, and sits amidst flames. Her wrathful wrinkles whirl like

ocean waves.

- her right leg is outstretched and her left leg is drawn in,

and tramples on malignant beings.

特征：

〜度母只要说「撕裂、切断」便能远离和净化感观事物。

〜她慈悲和证得的空性已超越了轮回而不住涅盘。

外相：

－她是身黑色，火焰围绕其莲座。

面上愤怒的皱纹像海浪漩涡一样。

－她左脚向内屈，右脚伸展，以踏碎那些邪恶众生。

Noble Lady Tara

Tumo Zhenge Methubma

(Unchallenged Furious Lady )

7. 特啰达披圣度母



Characteristic :

~ she confuses and subjugates the demonic lords of the sensory god realm,

~ known as the “Controllers of Other’s Emanation”.

~ giving perfect joy and fulfilling the temporal and ultimate wishes according

to the desires of beings.

~ subjugates the power and wealth beings and leads them to liberation.

Appearance :

- she is red and holds a victory banner.

- multi-colored lights radiate from her crown

特征：

〜度母能令欲界诸魔王困扰及降服他们。

〜被誉为“幻化怙主”。

〜满足依所求之正愿，并给予众生圆满幸福。

〜降服有势力和有财富的众生，并带领他们到大自在的菩提境界。

外相：

－身红色，手持尊胜幢。

－从顶门放射多色光芒。

Noble Lady Tara Jigten Sumgyal

(Victorious Over Three Worlds )

10. 威德欢悦圣度母

Characteristic :

~ all beings of the world in ten directions are protected from all kinds of fears,

specially the two sets of fears*1.

Appearance :

- her color is dark green, with the dazzling radiance of emeralds.

- her right hand is in the varada mudra.

- her left hand is in the abhaya mudra, holds with lotus with dharma wheel .

特征：

〜令十方世界所有众生都受到保护，不受各种恐惧，

特别是两种八恐惧*1。

外相：

－她身深绿色，发散出如绿宝石般光芒。

－右手施予印。

－左手施依印，持莲花，上有法轮。 Noble Lady Tara

Sengdeng Nagi Drolma

(Tara of the Rosewood Forest)

9. 三宝严印圣度母



Characteristic :

~ brings timely rain, helps with childbirth, and makes places auspicious.

~ cleanse the poisonous bad omens of animate and inanimate existence,

causing all beings and their environments to enjoy perfect, glorious,

auspiciousness.

Appearance :

- Amitabha, the lord of her Buddha family sits on her black hair knot.

- This golden Tara sits on blue lotus and holds an auspicious knot.

特征：

〜护佑众生如及时雨，护孕妇顺产，母子平安，阖境吉祥。

〜消除有情与无情任何恶毒或不净之诅咒，使令居住环境和谐、

欢乐、吉祥、幸福。

外相：

－部主阿弥陀佛端坐在其顶髻之上。

－身金色，坐蓝色莲花，手持莲花，上有吉祥结。

Noble Lady Tara

Tashi Dongyed Dolma

(One Who Bestows Auspiciousness )

12. 顶冠月相圣度母

Characteristic :

~ bestows wealth and dispels poverty.

~ showers the poor and needy with wealth, satisfying all their needs

and freeing them from their sufferings.

Appearance :

- She holds a treasure vase, and her body is orange in color.

- She is majestic, with a scowling face and a furrowed brow.

特征：

〜布施财富和令贫穷得富足。

〜对穷人的需求洒下财富，使他们满足，令他们脱离身心的苦困。

外相：

－身橙色；手持莲花，上有宝瓶。

－严肃庄重的外型，眉间深锁略带怒容。 Noble Lady Tara Thronyer Chenma

(Frowning Lady )

11. 守护众地圣度母



Characteristic :

~ subdues the eight classes of harmful spirits and nine malignant spirit

brothers.

~ she shatters all malignant spirits from the seven underworlds and above

into the state of dharmata.

Appearance :

- She is black like a dark night, and holds a wooden pestle upon a blue lotus.

特征：

～降服八部鬼众及九位恶毒鬼魅兄弟。

～摧碎从第七重地狱以上的恶灵，并带领他们体认法界性。

外相：

－身黑如晚上；手持蓝莲花，花上有木制的槌。

Noble Lady Tara Thronyer Chenzed

(Wrathful Wrinkled (Frowning) Tara )

14. 手按大地圣度母

Characteristic :

~ averts wars and obstacles, and leads beings to victory in the war with

form and formless enemies.

~ Sparks of fire fly from the prongs of the vajra she brandishes,

subduing all harmful enemies.

Appearance :

- Red. Right hand in the varada mudra .

- Upper-spokes-open vajra on top of utpala flower in her hand.

特征：

〜阻止战祸和灾障，率领众生战胜有形或无形的敌人。

〜她挥舞火花四射的金刚杵，降服一切侵害的敌人。

外相：

－身红色，右足踏莲花。

－右手以施予印，左手持莲花，上有忿怒金刚杵。 Noble Lady Tara Drapung Jomma

(Tara Who Averts War )

13. 如尽劫火圣度母



Characteristic :

~ clears the outer, inner, and secret obscurations of the beings to be tamed.

~ scatters the bodies of the foes and overcomes the power of magical spells

destroying them without a trace.

Appearance :

- she is red like the fire at the end of eon,

- holds a crossed vajra.

特征：

〜调伏众生及清除众生内、外隐藏的灾障。

〜摧毁敌人及其毒害和恶咒。

外相：

－身红色，如劫火一般炽烈。

－手持莲花，莲花上有十字金刚杵。 Noble Lady Tara

Drolma Barvai Odcan

(Tara Who Averts the Enemies

and Mantra’s Spell)

16. 普徧极喜圣度母

Characteristic :

~ pacifies the obscuration of negative karma

~ her blissfulness and other qualities are connected to the five wisdom minds

Appearance :

- She sits on blue lotus, and is peaceful.

- her color is white like a crystal moon and she holds an anointing vase.

特征：

～平息因恶缘而产生的灾障。

～她因证得五智而流露出无尽喜悦与能力。

外相：

－她和善地端坐莲座上。

－身白色如水晶月亮般晶莹；手持莲花，花上有涂油瓶。

Noble Lady Tara Rabtu Zhima

(Perfect Pacifier )

15. 安隐柔善圣度母



Characteristic :

~ averts and pacifies poison.

~ she clear all poisons, both animate, inanimate and our afflictions

with the medicine of the truth of reality.

Appearance :

- she is as white as the moon, and sits on a blue lotus.

- her left hand holds a full moon marked with a rabbit,

which is the shape of the ocean of nectar of the god realm.

特征：

～防止及清净毒害。

～以佛法真理为药，能除病毒、痛苦和折磨。

外相：

－身如满月，端坐蓝莲花座上。

－左手持莲花，花上有满月，内有兔子印记；

那是天界甘露大海的外形。

Noble Lady Tara Maja Chenmo

(Great Peahen )

18. 萨啰天海圣度母

Characteristic :

~ averts harm from hunters, thieves, robbers and enemies.

~ she crushes butchers, thieves, and other enemies under her feet

~ gives peace to all beings.

Appearance :

- She is orange like saffron, sits on a blue lotus and holds a stupa

特征：

〜防止遭逢因狩猎、小偷、强盗和敌人带来的祸害。

〜若然遇上只要一踏脚便能碾碎屠夫、小偷、强盗和敌人。

〜付予众生和平安乐。

外相：

－身橘黄色如红花一样；手持莲花，花上有佛塔。

Noble Lady Tara

Dolma Pagmed Nonma

(Unfathomable Suppressor )

17. 都哩巴帝圣度母



Characteristic :

~ averts all diseases.

~ Her right eye emits blazing rays that burn all the lords of diseases,

~ her left eye curing the causes and effects of diseases and epidemics.

Appearance :

- She is orange and her hand holds a vase of nectar on a blue lotus.

特征：

〜能除病害。

〜右眼射出炽热光线，消灭所有主病魔王。

〜左眼能了知因果而对症医疗病痛、疫疾等。

外相：

－身橙色，手持蓝色莲花，花上有甘露瓶。

Noble Lady Tara Lhamo Rithrodma

(Mendicant Tara )

20. 日月广圆圣度母

Noble Lady Tara Mipham Gyalmo

(Undefeated Queen )

19. 诸天集会圣度母

Characteristic :

~ averts conflicts and bad dreams.

~ the multi-colored vajras and the sparkles they emit avert religious and

political critics, and make their statements powerless.

Appearance :

- She is white and holds a white umbrella.

特征：

〜避免冲突和恶梦。

〜多色金刚杵发出火花光芒，避免宗教和政治的斗讼，

使对方的发言软弱无力。

外相：

－身白色，手持莲花，花上有白伞盖。



Noble Lady Tara

Lhamo Odser Chenma

(Goddess with Brilliance)

21. 具三真实圣度母

Characteristic :

~ can restore the life force.

~ protection against all obstacles:

- protect beings from the harm of all outer obstacles

- protect beings from the inner obstacles of ill health,

and the secret obstacles of dualistic affliction.

Appearance :

- She is white, her right hand is in the varada mudra.

- her left hand is in the abhaya mudra , holding a blue lotus

sits on auspicious golden fishes.

特征：

〜让你的生命回复力量。

〜护佑众生无诸障难：

- 保护众生不为所有外在的障碍所侵害。

- 保护众生不为所有内在的疾病和双重障碍所折磨。

外相：

－身白色。

－右手以施予印。

－左手施依印，手持莲花，花上有金双鱼。

Remarks 备注 *1 Commonly these and their casual factors are the eight fears:

1. Fear of lions = pride

2. Fear of elephants = represents the power of ignorance

3. Fear of fire = the power of anger

4. Fear of reptiles = jealousy

5. Fear of robbery = to the wrong views

6. Fear of iron chains = habituation to lust and desire

7. Fear of rivers (floods) = desire, acting savagely

8. Fear of pishaca demons = the doubt that harms the

understanding of ultimate meanings There is another set of eight fears, which are the fruition of

secondary afflictions are: 1. The fear of punishment by kings caused by

self-infatuation and harming others.

2. The fear of foes is caused by hypocrisy, gloom,

sloth and excitement.

3. The fear of evil spirits is caused by dishonesty and deceit.

4. The fear of leprosy is caused by lack of shame and dread of blame.

5. The fear of being lonely is caused by disbelief.

6. The fear of poverty is caused by stinginess.

7. The fear of thunder is caused by anger and enmity.

8. The fear of failure is caused by indolence and carelessness.

平常生活遇上的八恐惧： 1. 狮难（傲慢）

2. 象难（愚笨）

3. 火难（愤恨）

4. 蛇难（嫉妒）

5. 贼难（财困）

6. 镣铐难（牢狱官非）

7. 水难（贪欲）

8. 非人难（疑惑）另一组八恐惧，是次要的苦难所产生的结果。 1. 国王的惩罚难 = 自傲及致伤害他人

2. 仇人难 = 虚伪、悲观、懒惰、兴奋

3. 鬼魅难 = 不诚实和欺骗

4. 麻风病难 = 无惭无愧

5. 孤独难 = 不信

6. 贫穷难 =吝啬

7. 雷难 = 忿怒及仇恨

8. 害怕失败难 =怠惰及大意

a brief introduction taras 度母简介

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