a digital jumpstart
TRANSCRIPT
A Digital JumpstartTom Maddrey :: Eclipse Photography Institute
Tuesday, May 31, 2011
A Little Bit about Me
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Eclipse Photography Institute
! An Online University for learning Photography
! Find us at eclipseinstitute.com
! Courses and Seminars
! Local I-on-I tutoring (in DFW)
! Line of Training DVD’s
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Photography BasicsOur Materials and Tools
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All About Light
! Light is our only medium!
! Without Light, we cannot create anything whatsoever
! The whole of photography stem from the idea of capturing and controlling Light
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Light + Camera = Exposure
! Exposure is the exact level of “Radiant Energy” (light) used to expose a photographic medium (film or sensor)
! Exposure is determined by three key ideas
! Aperture
! Shutter Speed
! Film Speed (ISO)
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Aperture (cont.)
! The Aperture is the hole in the lens that allows light through
! It directly affects the “Intensity” of the Light
! Is the first tool we have to control Light
! Primary determinant of “Depth of Field” (or, how much of an image is in focus)
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Shutter Speed (cont.)
! Shutter Speed controls the Duration of Light
! Shutter Speed controls the amount of Motion Blur seen in the final image
! In conjunction with Aperture, these two items make an “Exposure”
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Exposure in Practice
!Aperture x Shutter Speed = Exposure
!Intensity x Duration = Exposure
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Film Speed (ISO)
! Film Speed refers to the Sensitivity of the light-sensitive medium
! Notated in whole numbers
! 100, 200, 400, 800, 1600, 3200
! Once again, these “Stops” refer to 2x as much or 1/2 as much light
! Increased Film Speed result in Grain (film) or Noise (Digital)
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The Ultimate Formula
! The interplay of Aperture, Shutter Speed, and Film Speed is the whole of photography
! These are the only Primary Tools we have to control the light
! Everything else in Photography (Filters, Lenses, any other modifiers) work as a result of affecting these three functions
! In the Digital Age, exposure often gets overlooked!
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Your Camera Settings
! Cameras offer many different modes for basic shooting
! P = Program Mode
! The camera selects both the Shutter Speed and Aperture to create a “Correct” Exposure
! Av or A = Aperture Priority Mode
! You select the Aperture, and the camera sets the Shutter Speed to create a “Correct” Exposure
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Your Camera Settings (cont.)
! Tv or S = Shutter Speed Priority Mode
! You set the Shutter Speed, the camera sets the Aperture to create a “Correct” Exposure
! M = Manual Exposure Mode
! You set the Shutter Speed and the Aperture, no help from the Camera
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Scene Modes
! Portrait - Camera tries to blur the background (larger aperture)
! Party / Indoor - Camera uses a longer shutter speed to include more ambient light in dark settings
! Beach / Snow - Camera tries to make snow / sand the correct color (exposure compensation)
! Landscape - Camera focuses at infinity and stays locked on with a maximum aperture
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Scene Modes (cont.)
! Sunset - Camera tries to slightly underexpose using exposure compensation
! Night Portrait - Camera uses Flash plus Long Exposure to expose both subject and background
! Night Landscape - Similar to Landscape but uses a longer exposure
! Sports - Uses Fast Shutter Speed
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Lenses and Lens Choice
! Lenses come in different Focal Lengths, for different Situations
! Wide Angle
! Standard
! Telephoto
! Super Telephoto
! Zooms
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Lenses and Lens Choice (cont.)
! Lens Focal Length also plays a factor in the Depth of Field
! Wider Lenses naturally have less DOF
! Telephotos are often used to isolate subjects using both length and Depth of Field
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Depth of Field
! Depth of Field (DOF) refers to how much of a given image appears in focus
! Affected by Aperture and Focal Length
! One of your most powerful “Compositional” tools
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Real World Examples
! Lets look at some example images of the differences in:
! Aperture
! Shutter Speed
! Film Speed
! Lens Choice
! Depth of Field
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Aperture
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Shutter Speed
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Film Speed
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Lens Choice
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Depth of Field
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Digital BasicsThe New World of Photography
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Introduction to Digital Basics
! The idea of Digital Photography has exploded
! Along with these changes have come more work, and more problems
! Today, we are going to look at the absolute basics of Digital Imaging, and touch on some more advanced features
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The Pixel
! Pixel (short for Picture Element) are the building blocks of images
! Cameras are measured by MegaPixels (1,000,000 pixels)
! Obviously, pixels are very small
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The Pixel (cont.)
! Pixels are arranged in a digital camera according to a “Bayer Pattern”
! This pattern uses Red, Blue, and Green pixels to make a photograph
! 50% Green, 25% Blue, 25% Red
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File Formats
! There are countless file formats, but two main ones we will be speaking about today
! RAW
! JPEG
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JPEG Files
! These are images where the camera does all of the processing from pixel information to final image
! Benefits include, small file size, speed, ease of use
! Negatives include, loss of quality, subpar conversions, loss of information
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RAW Files
! RAW files are the raw, untouched data directly off the sensor
! The processing of these files are done in a computer in a separate step by a RAW Processor
! Benefits include, ultimate image quality, personal control over images
! Negatives include, large file sizes, more space and processing power needed for working with RAW Files
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White Balance
! White Balance refers to the “color” of whites in your image
! White Balance is measured in degrees Kelvin, a temperature scale
! 5000K is sunlight, 3200K is tungsten light
! The lower the number, the “warmer” the light
! White Balance is of great importance when shooting JPEGs, less so when shooting RAWs
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White Balance (cont.)
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White Balance (cont.)
! White Balance can be set by choosing the correct symbol for the lighting situation you are in
! i.e. daylight, cloudy, flash, tungsten, fluorescent
! On some cameras, white balance can be set by choosing the correct Kelvin temp
! Auto White Balance is better, but gets very confused in mixed lighting situations
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Improving Your PhotographsEasy Ways to Make Better Images
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Tips and Tricks for Better Images
! This next section will cover some popular types of photography and how we can make some quick changes to improve our images
! We will cover Portraits, Nature, Wildlife, and Travel Photography
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Portraits
! Simplify Your Backgrounds
! Be Aware of Body Position (Make it Interesting!)
! Use a Medium to Telephoto Lens, Wide Angle Lenses exaggerate features
! Change Your Camera Position
! Get Low
! Get High
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Nature
! Shoot at the Right Time of Day
! Use Depth of Field to its maximum potential
! Provide a Focal Point
! Be Patient
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Wildlife
! Make sure the eyes are in focus
! Become best friends with your camera
! Get both “Portraits” and “Behavior” shots
! Always maintain your ethics
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Travel
! Simplify your shots
! Learn your location
! Explore, explore, explore!
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What Now?After the Shoot
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Post - Production?
! Post - Production is everything you do with an image after you take it
! The cornerstone of Post - Production is a streamlined workflow
! There are many software programs designed to assist with workflow
! I use Adobe Lightroom
! All Cameras come with Software
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Printing at a Store
! You can take your memory cards to any store (Arlington Camera) and they can print your photos for you almost instantly
! High Quality, easy, less cost effective
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Let’s Go ShoppingCamera Acquisition Syndrome
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The Tools In Every Photographers Bag! Every photographer should have some basic tools:
! Camera
! Tripod
! Bag
! Various Lenses
! Filters
! FlashTuesday, May 31, 2011
Choosing a Camera
! When Choosing a camera, use this progression
! Does it have the resolution I need?
! Does it accept the lenses I want to use?
! Is it in my budget?
! Can I rent accessories locally?
! How does it handle noise?
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Choosing a Tripod
! With tripods more than anything else, you get what you pay for
! Choose a tripod at least as tall as you are without using the center column
! Make sure it is light enough and small enough you will actually carry it around and use it
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Other Accessories! Flash - Off Camera Flash is a great investment. Stick with your camera
brand, powerful and great quality
! Bag - Buy a bag slightly bigger than you ever think you will need...you will fill it up!
! Lenses - Lenses are more important than bodies (IMO), invest in the best, and the will last a lifetime
! Filters - UV, Polarizing for sure (for each lens)
! Memory Cards - Always one more than you think you need!
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Our Training Titles
! Beyond the Camera :: Tom Maddrey
! Seeing Light :: Neill Whitlock
! Naturally Modern Portraiture :: Jack Hollingsworth
! Photographing the Games :: Rick Rickman
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Upcoming Events
! January 29th - Lightroom and Workflow Workshop
! February 12th - Untangling Light Workshop
! April 29th - May 1st - Hill Country Weekend Workshop
! June 28th - July 2nd - The Inside Passage, Juneau, AK (3 Spots Left)
! July 3rd - July 8th - Denali 2011 (1 Spot Left)
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Our Info
! Tom Maddrey :: www.tommaddrey.com
! Eclipse Photography Institute :: www.eclipseinstitute.com
! Telephone: 214.749.7990
! Twitter: @eclipseinst
! Facebook: www.facebook.com/eclipseinstitute
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Thank You!Tom Maddrey
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