a framework for ontology usage analysis
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Paper received Best PhD Symposium Paper Award at 9th Extended Semantic Web Conference, 2012, Crete, GreeceTRANSCRIPT
A Framework for Ontology Usage AnalysisA Framework for Ontology Usage Analysis
Jamshaid Ashraf [email protected]
Supervisor : Dr Omar Hussain School of Information Systems, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia
PhD symposium ESWC 2012, Heraklion, Crete, Greece (27- 31 May 2012)
OntologiesOntologies
Instance dataInstance data[1999 – 2006]
Knowledge Focused•Ontology Languages•Ontology authoring tools•Reasoning•Ontology evaluation •Ontology evolution
Knowledge Focused•Ontology Languages•Ontology authoring tools•Reasoning•Ontology evaluation •Ontology evolution
Knowledge focused Knowledge focused
- ONTOLOGYONTOLOGY
OntologiesOntologies
Linked DataLinked Data
Data Focused•Linked Data principles•Linked Open Data project •LOD cloud •RDFa •RDF data analysis
Data Focused•Linked Data principles•Linked Open Data project •LOD cloud •RDFa •RDF data analysis
(Structured) Data focused(Structured) Data focused
[2006 – to data] - LINKED DATALINKED DATA
OntologyOntology
Linked dataLinked data
Current stateCurrent state
…….. searching less and using more .. searching less and using more
Increase in the use of ontologiesIncrease in the use of ontologies
21 May 2012
Lack of visibility Lack of visibility
- Index such as PingTheSemanticWeb does not provide a detailed view of ontology usage
- In order to make effective and efficient use of semantic web data, we need to know which concepts and relationships and how are being used?
- An insight into the structure, understand the pattern available, actual use and the intended use
Ontology life cycle Ontology life cycle
Ontology Dev. LifecycleOntology Dev. Lifecycle•Think•Design•Develop & evaluate•Deploy•Evangelize•Adoption!
Ontology
• Measure and analyze• Learn from it to influence
future thinking and design
EvaluateEvaluate, measuremeasure and analyseanalyse the use of ontologies on the Web
Benefits of Usage Analysis Benefits of Usage Analysis
(1) Helps in providing usage-based feedback loop to the ontology maintenance process for a pragmatic conceptual model update
(2) Assist in building data rich interfaces, exploratory search and exploratory data analysis
(3) Provides erudite insight on the state of semantic structured data based on prevalent knowledge patterns for the consuming applications
Ontology Usage Analysis Framework (OUSAF)Ontology Usage Analysis Framework (OUSAF)
Identification (selection of ontologies) - Domain Ontology - Identify candidate ontology(ies) from dataset
Investigation (analysing the use of ontology) - Usage/population/instantiation - Co-usability/schema-link graph
Representation (represent the usage analysis ) - Conceptual model to represent ontology usage - Ontology Usage Catalogue
Utilization (making use of usage analysis ) - Use case implementation - Publication of ontology usage analysis
>>Relationship Value Value (RV): Reflects the possible role of an object property in creating typed relationship between different concepts
>>Concept Richness Richness (CR): Describes the relationship with other concepts and the number of attributes to describe the instances
>>Attribute Value Value (RV): Reflects the number of concepts that have data properties used to provide values to instances
Metrics for measuring richnessMetrics for measuring richness
>>Relationship Usage Usage (RU): Calculates the number of triplets in a dataset in which object property is used to create relationships between different concept’s instances
RU(P) = | { t:=(s,p,o) | p= P} |
CU(C) = |{t = (s, p, o)| p = rdf:type, o = C}|1
>>Concept Usage Usage (CU): Measures the instantiation of the concept in the knowledge base
CUH(C) = |{t = (s, p, o)| p = rdf:type, o entailrdfs9(C)}|
>>Attribute Usage Usage (RU): Measures how much data description is available in the knowledge base for a concept instance
AU(A) = | { t:=(s,p,o) | p A, o L) |
Metrics for measuring usage Metrics for measuring usage
Structural propertiesStructural properties
Represent ontology usage as a bipartite network
-Hidden properties in ontology usage network to identify cohesive groups and measure semanticity.
-Study structural properties such as centrality, reciprocity, density and reachability
Capture the knowledge patterns
-Schema level patterns Hidden properties in ontology usage network to identify cohesive groups and measure semanticity.
-Study structural properties such as centrality, reciprocity, density and reachability
GR data coverage
Initial Results – domain ontology usageInitial Results – domain ontology usage
Initial Results – use case Initial Results – use case
Web Schema construction based on Ontology Usage Analysis
Domain : eCommerceDataset : 305 data sources (pay-level domains published ecommerce data)
Ranking the terms
U Ontology U Ontology
Reusing existing ontologies-Ontology Metadata Vocabulary (OMV) [1]-Ontology Application Framework (OAF) [2]-FOAF, DC
Ontology Usage Ontology (U Ontology)Goal : Capture the detail of ontologies and their usage
Use cases : - publish the ontology usage details on the web. - generate prototypical SPARQL queries
[1] Hartmann, J., Palma, R., Sure, Y., Suárez-Figueroa, M.C., Haase P.: OMV– Ontology Metadata Vocabulary. In: The Ontology Patterns for the Semantic Web (OPSW) Workshop at ISWC 2005, Galway, Ireland (2005)
[2] http://ontolog.cim3.net/file/work/OntologySummit2011/ApplicationFramework/OWL-Ontology/BenefitsAndTechniques-WithDocumentation.pdf
WebWebSemantic Web data
(Linked data cloud) StructuredSemantic Web data
(Linked data cloud) Structured
attribute: http://richard.cyganiak.de/2007/10/lod
Conclusion Conclusion
http://www.cs.vu.nl/~frankh/spool/ISWC2011Keynote/
What and how ontologies are being used on the web?
Ontology Usage Catalogue (Michael Uschold)
Future workFuture work
• Build industry specific datasets to understand the ontology usage, data and knowledge patterns.
• Automate the population of U Ontology• Publication of Ontology Usage catalogue• Recommendations to publishers and vocabulary designers
Thanks! Thanks!
Questions………Questions………