ARS

A REPORT ON

ACTION RESEARCH SEGMENT2015-2016

Study Conducted By Action Aid

SUBMITTED BY- PANCHALI (15201014)

SHEKHAR(15201023)

KSRM

ARS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We are grateful to the Secretary of Bithari Disha and GBS ,both the NGO's of two different district, Bithari Disha of North24 Pragnas and GBS of Coachbehar.

We are deeply appreciated for the numerous guidance made by the secretary for helping us to complete this project work.

We wise to express our sincere gratitude and thanks to Mr Dilip Pal and MR Attur Saleem for providing us homely atmosphere and encouragement in completing this project .

We are also grateful for the kind co-operation provided to us by the faculties.

Last but not the least we express our thanks to all of the villagers for co-operating in completion of our project.

KSRM

ARS

ORGANISATION WORK

BITHARI DISHA (SWARUPNAGAR)

Works for the Water and sanitation problems of the village.

Works for Arsenic free village.

GITALDAHA BIKASH SAMITY (COACHBEHAR)

We are thinking of such a society where there will be law, peace, love, respect and gratitude.

There shall be no racial discrimination, religious differences, Rights Violation , Gender wise Discrimination.

People shall be Food security, proper livelihood option, work employment for everyone and their knowledge shall be the power of the society .

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY refers to the process used to collect information and data for the purpose of making

KSRM

ARS

decisions .The methodology includes interviews, surveys, research techniques.

The process we used to collect data to study the livelihood of the people in the village was Quantitative and Qualitative Methodology and PRA tools.

The methodology includes Group discussions, Interviews, Household surveys

Quantitative study helps us to collect data on the basis of surveys, interviews .

Quantitative study help us to know about the source of income, expenditure, health, sanitation, and education of the villagers.

The qualitative study also helps us to know about how much people are dependent on resources.

SAMPLING TECHNIQUE

The sampling technique we used was purposive sampling because we have collected data on the basis of our target group was SC and different

kinds of activities which SC are involved in.Various activities in which SC are involved in for income are - cultivation, agrilabour , non- agri labour, petty business, milk production, livestock rearing.

SAMPLE SIZE

KSRM

ARS

We surveyed 60 Household in which 58 family were SC, 1 General family, 1 OBC family

SC HH OBC HH GEN HH58 1 1

Participatory Planning

KSRM

ARS

Participatory Planning is a part of social learning process that can enhance the prospects for successful implementation provide opportunity for reflection and create a mutuality of respect between different stakeholders in planning area.

Main Tools Used In PRA

Social Mapping Resource Mapping Activity Clock Vulnerability Analysis Transcend Walk

Relevance of PRA in planning Responding to the needs of communities and target group More emphasis on flexibility to adapt to time frame of community End product mainly used by community

KSRM

ARS

FINDINGS

POPULATION FINDINGS

MALE FEMALE TOTAL534 433 976

SURVEY FINDINGS

SC OBC GEN TOTAL58 01 01 60

INCOME FINDINGS

CULTIVATION AGRI LABOUR

NON AGRI LABOUR

PETTY BUSINESS

LIVESTOCK REARING

16 7 24 2 1Caste does not play any role in occupation as the village is SC dominated.

KSRM

ARS

RELATION BETWEEN DIFFERENT CASTES IN SOCIO ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES

SC AGRI LABOUR

SC NON AGRI LABOUR

GEN AGRI LABOUR

OBC AGRI LABOUR

34 24 1 1

12. SANITATION FINDINGS

SC OPEN DEFICATION

SC COMMUNITY LATRINE

SC INDEPENDENT LATRINE

GEN INDEPENDENT LATRINE

OBC INDEPENDENT LATRINE

20 36 2 1 1

WATER SOURCE FINDINGS

SOURCE NUMBERSRIVER 1PONDS 12HANDPUMP 7

KSRM

ARS

GOVERNMENT SCHEME FINDINGS

In the village the 2 govt scheme is functional , NGNB(NIJO GRIHO NIJO BHUMI) in which 0.5 decimal of land for agriculture is provided to BPL families. MGNREGS(MAHATMA GANDHI NATIONAL RURAL EMPLOYEMENT GUARATEE ACT) provide 100 days jobs to BPL families but an average of 14 days work is being provided to the BPL families in this village.SPENDING PATTERN

Natural Resources Findings

RIVERS PONDS UNUSED PONDS

01 12 03

KSRM

ARS

Only 31 HH use river water and rest of them use Pond and hand pump water . To use river they have to submit their I- Card as it lies on the border road due to which most of the people don't use it.Villagers don't use ponds for any income generating purpose.

CREDIT SOURCES

SHG BANK MONEY LENDER

RELATIVES

17 4 2 1

Physical InfrastructureTotal no of household in the village is 64 and we surveyed 60 HH in which there was 2 Primary school,1 High School,1 Temple.ELECTRICITYAll the surveyed HH have their own electricity access to their houseCommunity Centre- No community centre in the village.

KSRM

ARS

Roles Of Gram Sabha: Gram Sabha provides an opportunity for the

person registered as voters in the village to directly participate on decision making process.

participation of village education Committees , Mother Committees ,Water Users Associations and other Committees in Gram Sabha leads to integrated development of village.

Health Centre- The closest Health centre in the village

was in Basirhat which is 10 km away from the village but there was 3 private Pharmacy in the village market.

KSRM

ARS

VILLAGE STAY AND ITS CHALLENGES

STATE- WESTBENGAL

DISTRICT- NORTH24 PRAGNAS

BLOCK- KAIJURI

VILLAGE- GABADDA

LANDMARK- KALI MANDIR

We stayed in Gabarda village from 21st September- 14th October. There was various challenges faced by us in the village -

Language Problem Political issue - As in the village we were doing survey , the

representative of the local governing body has act as a barrier for us in the project.

Lack of infrastructure Most of the people are daily wage labours so they are

available only in the morning and evening which created barrier for us.

As people have a perception that we are govt officials so they don't disclose most of the problems as they think that if we disclose it then they won't get benefits provided by the govt schemes which was a big challenging task for us.

KSRM

ARS

We stayed in village Dhumerkheta (COACHBEHAR) from 5th November- 13th November. There were various challenges faced by us-

Lack of Transportation facilities which consumed more time in travelling to the village and lead to less work done on the project.

As we had an interaction mostly with Pramila Bahini leaders and mostly they were not available in the village as they usually goes for the various surveys and other official work in the BDO office which was little challenging task for us.

KSRM

ARS

NSS

OBJECTIVES OF NSS

To understand the community in which they work Understand themselves in relation to their community Identify the needs and problems of the community and

involve them in problem solving Develop among themselves a sense of social and civic

responsibility

KSRM

ARS

Utilise their knowledge in findings solutions to individual and community problems

Develop competence required for group living and sharing of responsibilities

Gains skill in mobilising community participationAcquire leadership qualities and democratic attitudesDevelop capacity to meet emergencies and natural disasters.Practice national integration and social harmony.

ACTIVITIESHAND WASH campaign in primary school.Awareness Programme about the Hand Wash in the

school.Making children aware about the importance of hand

wash to improve the living condition of the family.

KSRM

ARS

COMMUNITY MOBALIZATION

A community mobilization approach is valuable because it fulfils people's rights to participate and to determine their own future.

It enables groups to create local solutions to local problems. The local solutions will be more sustainable than external solutions that do not fit with the local situations, culture and practices.

When communities define the problem, set common goals and work together on their own programs, to achieve the

KSRM

ARS

goals , the communities change in the ways they last after the project ends.

Goals:

Increase community ,individual and group capacity to identify and satisfy needs

Increase community level decision making Increase community ownership of programsBring additional resource to the communityBuild on social networks to spread

support ,commitment and changes in social norms and behaviours.

KSRM

ARS

MICRO LEVEL PLANNINGAs we have visited Gabadda near Kaijuri, there were some issues or problems which draw our attention which the villagers face regularly day by day. With the help of people we graded problems according to their situations faced.

Sectors Situations problems Grades

Labour Skill Villagers having labour but number of skilled labours are less

Migration A

Health No health Centre in the village

Travel long distance

B

Agriculture Village mainly grow rice and mustard

Less Income C

KSRM

ARS

GRADING ACCORDING TO SOLUTION

Sectors Solutions Grades

Labour skill Educate the skilled labour so that they can generate income by making

awareness program for them and aware them about various schemes

A

Health Make health centre in the village so that the expenditure for them

decreases as it costs them higher

B

Agriculture Make Kitchen Garden so that they increase their income with the help

of NGO’s which will be cost productive.

C

KSRM

ARS

Women's Participation In Family Decision making-

There is no role of women in family decision making as all decision are taken up by Male members of the family. Village society is Male Dominating society.

VILLAGE ECONOMY

BAMBOO AGRICULTRAL WORK

9 60There are 09 HH which do only bamboo work and 60 HH do both bamboo work and agricultural work. The main economic activities performed in the village is agricultural work.

KSRM

ARS

VULNERABILITY ANALYSIS:LESS

VULNERABLEVULNERABLE MOST

VULNERABLEProductive land Small piece of land Landless

No loan Small amount of Loan

Trapped by Money lenders

More Assets Presence of Assets Absence of AssetsFree from Disease Less disease affected Disease Affected

More number of Accounts

Bank Accounts No Bank Account

Job Migrants Daily Wage Workers

Earning more than Rs 120000

Earnings Between Rs 60000-120000

Earning less than Rs 60000

More Educated Educated UneducatedNo of HH- 10 No of HH-16 No of HH-34

KSRM

ARS

Recomendations:

ACTIVITY CLOCK

MALE AND FEMALE DURING CULTIVATION PERIOD

MALE FEMALEWAKE UP-6 AM WAKE UP &

FRESH UP- 4AM-6 AM

FRESH UP &BF- 7AM- 9AM

HOUSEHOLD WORK- 6AM-12PM

FIELD WORK - FIELD WORK -KSRM

ARS

9AM- 5PM 12PM-4PMLEISURE- 5PM - 8 PM

HOUSEHOLD WORK- 4PM-6PM

DINNER - 8PM- 9PM

LEISURE TIME-6PM-8PM

SLEEP- 9.30 PM DINNER -8PM-10PM

SLEEP-10.30 PMMALE AND FEMALE DURING CULTIVATION&

BAMBOO WORK

MALE FEMALEWAKEUP& FRESHUP

- 5 AM-6AMWAKE UP-5 AM

BREAK FAST-7AM HOUSEHOLD WORK-5AM-8AM

FIELD &BAMBOO WORK-7AM- 5 PM

WORKING HOUR 8AM-4PM

FREE TIME- 5PM-6PM HOUSEHOLD WORK-KSRM

ARS

4PM-6PMWORKING HOUR-

6PM-8PMLEISURE- 6PM-8PM

DINNER-8PM-9PM DINNER-8PM-9PM

SLEEP-9.30PM SLEEP 9.30PM

SOACIAL MAPPING

Total number of house hold in the village are 164 Surveyed for 60 house holds.

KSRM

ARS

According to the survey SCs=58 General=1 OBC=1

RESOURCE MAP

Hand pump in the village used for drinking and cooking

KSRM

ARS

People in the village generally use cow dung cakes for cooking fuel.

Less area for cultivation because of the highly flood affected area.

According to our observation people having enough space in front of their house for kitchen garden but they don’t.

According to our survey people have the capacity to build toilets but they don’t

KSRM