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How to use this tutorial• The modules are designed to be completed

sequentially.• Each module has a brief review of concepts

followed by a practice session.• Once you have completed the modules, complete

the quiz.• The difficulty of the quiz questions will increase

while the time shortens. • The quiz and modules can be repeated as needed.

Music Theory Tutorials: Intervals

This tutorial is designed to help music theory students become more fluent in identifying music intervals.

Music Theory Tutorials is designed and developed by E. J. Jones

Choose a module or quiz to begin.

Module 1: What is an interval?


Module 2: Types of Intervals


Timed QuizTimed Quiz

Practice QuizPractice Quiz

GlossaryGlossary

NotationsNotations

KeyboardKeyboard

What is an interval?

An interval is the distance between two notes.



Intervals are based on how many steps the notes are from one another. Steps are measured as whole steps and half steps.

Half step

Whole step

An interval is the distance between two notes.



Half step

Whole step



A simple interval is an interval that occurs within an octave.

This is a simple interval because it occurs within

an octave.

(sound)



A compound interval is larger than an octave.

(sound)



Compound intervals are related to simple intervals. You can determine the simple interval by subtracting 7.

E to F# is a major 9th. When you subtract 7 from 9, the answer is 2; so your relative simple interval is a major 2nd.

(sound) (sound)

A compound interval is larger than an octave



When the second note of an interval is higher than the first note, the interval is ascending.

When the second note of an interval is lower than the first note, the interval is descending.

(sound)(sound)



Melodic intervals are notes played in succession (one after the other).

Harmonic intervals are notes played together.

(sound)

(sound)



To determine what an interval is, measure the steps from the do (bottom) note to the top note.

There are three steps from E-flat to G. Therefore the interval is a third.

(sound)



Interval Identification:

Unison2nd

3rd

4th

5th

6th

7th

8th or Octave

(sound) and graphic of notation





Intervals that have different note names, but the same pitch are called enharmonics.

(sound)



Practice

Practice question 1:Identify the following interval:

Melodic Harmonic

Ascending Descending

Students will mark their answers in the box, then mark all the other correct answers.

(sound)(sound)



Types of Intervals

Intervals fall into two main categories: Major and Perfect.

Major Perfect

2nd

3rd

6th

7th

4th

5th

8th



Major intervals occur when there are 2, 4, 9 or 11 half steps between the two notes.



Perfect intervals occur when there are 5, 7, or 12 half steps between the two notes.



Major intervals can be changed into three different types of intervals: augmented, minor, and diminished.

Augmented intervals are one half step larger than the major interval.

M6 A6

(Sound)(Sound) (Sound)(Sound)



Minor Intervals are one half step lower than the major interval.

M6

(Sound)(Sound) (Sound)(Sound)

m6



Diminished intervals are 2 half steps lower than the major interval.

M6

(Sound)(Sound)

d6

(Sound)(Sound)



Perfect intervals can only be augmented or diminished.

Augmented intervals are one half step larger than the perfect interval.

Perfect intervals are never minor.

P5

(Sound)(Sound)

A5

(Sound)(Sound)



Diminished intervals are one half step smaller than the perfect interval.

Note that the diminished interval is different for perfect and major intervals.

P5

(Sound)(Sound)

d5

(Sound)(Sound)



Practice

Practice question 1:Identify the following interval:

Melodic Harmonic

Ascending Descending

Students will mark their answers in the box, then mark all the other correct answers.

(sound)(sound)

Glossary

Ascending: When the second note of an interval is higher than the first note

Augmented intervals are one half step larger than the major or perfect interval.

compound interval is an interval larger than an octave

Descending: When the second note of an interval is lower than the first note.

Diminished intervals are 2 half steps lower than the major interval and one half step smaller than the perfect interval.

Glossary

Enharmonics: an interval that has different note names, but the same pitch.

Interval: the distance between two notes

Harmonic intervals: notes in an interval played together.

Major intervals occur when there are 2, 4, 9 or 11 half steps between the two notes. Major intervals can be augmented, minor, or diminished.

Melodic intervals: notes in an interval played in succession.

Minor Intervals are one half step lower than the major interval (perfect intervals cannot be minor).

Glossary

Perfect intervals occur when there are 5, 7, or 12 half steps between the two notes. Perfect intervals can be augmented or diminished.

Simple interval: an interval that occurs within an octave.

Notations

M – major

m – minor

8va or 8ve – octave

P – perfect

A– augmented

d– diminished

Interactive Keyboard

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