absolute rulers of russia. explain how russian rulers began to build a stronger russian state ivan...
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Absolute Rulers of Russia
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Explain how Russian rulers began to build a stronger Russian state
• Ivan III: Ruled Russia from 1462-1505
-He conquered much of the territory around Moscow
-He liberated Russia from Mongolia
-He centralized the government
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Explain how Russian rulers began to build a stronger Russian state
• Ivan IV-Ivan the Terrible-He became ruler at 3. As a
result a group called the boyars (land owning nobles) tried to control Ivan. At age 16, he gained control and crowned himself czar (tsar)
-He married into the Romanov family
-1547 to 1560 are referred to as the “good period” when he added land, codes of law and ruled fairly
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Explain how Russian rulers began to build a stronger Russian state
• After 1560, Ivan’s “bad period” began.
• His wife died, and he thought the boyars had poisoned her. He organized a special police force whose job it was to hunt down enemies and kill them the wore black and rode black horses. A new class of nobles were created totally loyal to Ivan.
• During an argument with his oldest son, he killed him.
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St. Basil’s Cathedral
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Explain how Russian rulers began to build a stronger Russian state
• The remaining son was not a capable leader. • With no heir, the time became known as the
“Time of Troubles”• A new leader was chosen—Michael Romanov,
the grandnephew of Ivan the Terrible’s wife• The Romanovs will rule from 1613 to 1917.
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Explain how Russian rulers began to build a stronger Russian state/Differences between Russian and western Europe.
• Czar Peter I: Peter the Great (1682-1725)
In Russia, landowners treated serf like property. If the land was sold, the serf was sold also. Serfs could not move.
Russia developed differently from Western Europe. Why?
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Explain how Russian rulers began to build a stronger Russian state/Differences between
Russian and western Europe.
*Russia had looked to Constantinople, not to Rome, for leadership.
*Mongol rule had cut off Russia from the Renaissance and the Age of Exploration.
*Geographic barriers also isolated Russia: the only port was iced in part of the year
*Religious differences widened the gap: Russians were Eastern Orthodox
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Describe Peter the Great’s reforms and their impact on Russia
• Peter was determined to modernize Russia
• He wanted a warm-water port
• He went on the “Grand Embassy” to learn about Western Europe
• Westernization began-to do this, he needed to increase his power
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Describe Peter the Great’s reforms and their impact on Russia
• REFORMS*The Russian Orthodox
Church was placed under his control.
*He reduced the power of the great landowners.
*He modernized the army and made it a lifelong job-200,000 men; he raised taxes to pay for it.
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Describe Peter the Great’s reforms and their impact on Russia
• REFORMS-Westernizing*introduced potatoes*started Russia’s first newspaper*raised women’s status by having them attend social
gatherings*ordered the nobles to give up their traditional clothes
for Western fashions*advanced education by opening a school for navigation
and introducing schools for arts and sciences(BTW, he also outlawed beards and made a new
calendar)
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Describe Peter the Great’s reforms and their impact on Russia
• The Port:Russia fought a war with
Sweden (21 years), but was able to get its “window on Europe” on the Baltic coast-the city became known as St. Petersburg
Building the city was not easy. An estimated 25,000 to 100,000 people died. It became the new capital.