Accelerator Physics in Finland

RECFA 26.9.2003A. Virtanen

Outline

Few Remarks (1 transparency)

Accelerators in Finland (4)

• Helsinki• Turku• Jyväskylä

Accelerator Physics in Jyväskylä (3)

Future Plans (1)

Few Remarks

Research Accelerators are• versatile; utilise wide range of energies, ions, intensities…

Production Accelerators are• more “one task” accelerators

The modification of research accelerator (incl. ion sources) to production machine needs Accelerator Physics (examples)

Note! Accelerator Physics Accelerator Based Physics

Accelerators in FinlandHelsinki: Kumpula Accelerator Laboratory

5 MV tandem for protons and heavy ions• Ep= 2-10 MeV, EH-I according to stripping, e.g. Au-ions for ERDA• Several ion sources, e.g. duoplasmatron for AMS…

500 kV accelerator• high-current implantation and material characterisation

10 kV ion gun• material modification

30 kV accelerator under construction• Implantation, thin-film production, material research…

Accelerators in FinlandHelsinki: Laboratory of Radiochemistry

IBA 10/5 Production cyclotron• Energies fixed to 10 MeV for protons and 5 MeV for

deuterons• Meant for the production of positron emitters

Some other applications• Radioisotope production (18-F)• Irradiation of polymers• Etc…

Accelerators in FinlandTurku: Åbo Akademi

MGC-20 cyclotron• protons and alphas up to 20 MeV• radionuclide production for PET studies in Turku PET-

center• + some materials study

A new CC-18/9 H/D-cyclotron this autumn from Russia• Ep+ = 18 MeV, ED+ = 9 MeV• will be installed in the PET center• used for positron emitters production

Accelerators in FinlandJyväskylä: JYFL / University of Jyväskylä

K-130 cyclotron• Protons < 65 MeV, heavy-ions up to Xe < 1 GeV• All gaseous and 19 metallic elements • Two ECR (6.4 and 14.5 GHz) ion sources for heavy-ions • One multicusp ion-source for H– -ions• Research machine! Modifications needed for applications

Accelerator Physics in JyväskyläHistory in a nutshell• 1988-89: design of magnets and manufacturing of the main components

were done in Jyväskylä• 1990-91: installation of the cyclotron and the 6.4 GHz ECR• 1992: First extracted beam• 1992-93: development of MIVOC technique• 1996: First time over 6000 h/y• 1999-2000: new 14.5 GHz ECR and H –sources built and installed• 2001: 6.4 GHz ECR upgraded• 2003: TWTA will be installed• Oven- and sputtering techniques in progress

Accelerator Physics in Jyväskylä

=> Change from H+ to H acceleration was necessary• Built a new H ion source • Built a new stripper extraction• Installed a new 20º dipole • Built an automated inflector changing system

Application #1: Radioisotope production

More intensity with lower activation was needed

Accelerator Physics in Jyväskylä

Modifications will be needed• Install second frequency to the 14.5 GHz ECR (TWTA)• Build a new beam flux tuning system• Build a new beam current integrator system• Develop new beam cocktails for the ECR’s

Application #2: Irradiation tests of semiconductors

Ion CocktailM/Q=3.8

EnergyMeV

Rangeμm Si

LETMeV(mg/cm²)

15N4+ 140 211 2.0

22Ne6+ 205 156 3.4

30Si8+ 280 127 7.0

40Ar12+ 372 117 11.7

56Fe15+ 523 95 18.0

82Kr22+ 766 93 29.0

JYFL – Ion Cocktail produced for ESA Nov. 2002.

Accelerator Physics in Jyväskylä

Beam developments with both ECR’s continue actively• Oven-, sputtering techniques…• More intense beams, versatile and energetic beam cocktails…

Future plans

TWTA pushes the energy over 1 GeV !!!TWTA pushes the energy over 1 GeV !!!

But, Extremely Important is to continue the co-operation with the European accelerator physics community e.g. in radioactive beams (EURISOL), in accelerators and ion sources, in educating young scientists etc… w/o forgetting the co-operation with U.S. labs, Japan, Canada…

Later more powerful ECR is needed…or new accelerator?