theoretical physics in spain - ubdomènec espriu universitat de barcelona recfa meeting, barcelona...
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Theoretical Physics in SpainAn overview
Domènec EspriuUniversitat de Barcelona
RECFA Meeting, Barcelona 29-30 March 2003
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RECFA Meeting, Barcelona 29-30 March 2003
1. Personnel & human resources
2. Students & PhD’s
3. Funding
4. Topics & interests
5. Productivity & impact
OUTLOOK
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RECFA Meeting, Barcelona 29-30 March 2003
4
4
36
8
20
42
19
17
6
1997(J.Bernabeu)
TH-HEPgroups
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RECFA Meeting, Barcelona 29-30 March 2003
4
4
32/39
11/11
14/16
52/71
26/31
11/14
5/82003
TH-HEPgroups
perm/total
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RECFA Meeting, Barcelona 29-30 March 2003
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4
2003
1411
39
71
16
31
8*
6
712
14
6
7
2
Theoretical Physics
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RECFA Meeting, Barcelona 29-30 March 2003
UCM 34
UAM-IFT(CSIC) 26
IMAFF-IEM (CSIC) 11
CAB ?
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RECFA Meeting, Barcelona 29-30 March 2003
UB 21
UAB 13
UPC 2
IEEC 3
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RECFA Meeting, Barcelona 29-30 March 2003
0
50
100
150
200
250
1978 1988 1997 2003
TH-HEPTenuredTheory
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RECFA Meeting, Barcelona 29-30 March 2003
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4
2003
73
22
31
7
16
5
0
01
0
0
4
2
Are you a HEP physicist?
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RECFA Meeting, Barcelona 29-30 March 2003
Out of 197 permanent staff 98, consider themselves ‘HEP physicists’
197 =168 University lecturers (60+108) +24 CSIC + 5 Other
Condensed matter: 66+143=209 Applied physics: 167+566=733 Atomic, & nuclear physics: 34+72=106
The relative weight of TH-HEP has decreased
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RECFA Meeting, Barcelona 29-30 March 2003
University staff is unlikely to growDecrease in the number of studentsCompetition from other subjectsTight financial situation of universities
Inverted pyramid? Temporary(?) bottleneck
Misguided reform of university legislationCivil servant/contractual issue
Research positions are neededHEP-Institute? (1992 minutes!) Regional initiatives (ICREA) Ramon y Cajal Programme
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RECFA Meeting, Barcelona 29-30 March 2003
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4
2003
10
6
9
1
5
0
1
00
0
0
0
0
Ramon y Cajal / ICREA
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4
2003
11
6
9
3
8
1
0
21
0
0
0
0
Postdocs & sabbatical
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RECFA Meeting, Barcelona 29-30 March 2003
Insufficient number of postdocs`Many more scientists from abroad work now in Spainthan there are Spanish scientists abroad’ (J.Piqué)
No clear mechanism in universities/CSICMECD fellowships pretty much useless
A lot more flexibility and confidence in thegroups is badly needed
More postdoc fellowships need to be awarded to TH-HEP groups throughPlan Nacional
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RECFA Meeting, Barcelona 29-30 March 2003
Students & PhDs
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1997/98 1998/99 1999/00 2000/01 2001/02 2002/03
TotalFreshmen
Evolution of the number of Physics students at UB in the last 5 years
Smaller universities feel the pinch even more
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4
4
2003
71
28
25
7
18
1
1
33
4
2
4
1
Graduate students
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RECFA Meeting, Barcelona 29-30 March 2003
UCM 4 (3)
UAM-IFT(CSIC) 21 (18)
IMAFF-IEM (CSIC) 0?
CAB ?Number of graduate students(supported)
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RECFA Meeting, Barcelona 29-30 March 2003
UB 18 (16)
UAB 7 (7)
UPC 0
IEEC 3
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RECFA Meeting, Barcelona 29-30 March 2003
4
4
PhD defended2002
20
4
5
2
5
1
0
31
2
0
0
0
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RECFA Meeting, Barcelona 29-30 March 2003
The system is turning out ~20 new TH PhD’s yearly.
In spite of the marked decrease in the number of Physicsstudents (and their academic level!), the number ofgraduate students interested in HEP has not decreased.
On the whole they are excellent students. A largepercentage is supported by graduate fellowships fromgeneral programs (highly competitive) of central & autonomous administrations (FPU).
~5 fellowships/year funded through Plan Nacional FPGA (FPI). Only in recent years - previously experimental groupsonly.
It is easier to get fellowships through Programa de Promoción General del Conocimiento (FPI). ~10 fellowships/year
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RECFA Meeting, Barcelona 29-30 March 2003
Dual fellowship system works to our advantageBut let’s keep quiet about that… In spite of this…
The number of fellowships should increaseGood potential candidates have to be turn down
The distribution and timing of FPI fellowshipsneeds racionalization
Adjustment to academic cycleFlexibility
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RECFA Meeting, Barcelona 29-30 March 2003
The Ramon y Cajal Programme…
Meant to replace and enlarge existing programs to bringback into the Spanish R+D system scientists abroad
800+500+700 5 year contracts. ~1200 awarded up to now
22 for TH-HEP. 120 to Physics & Space Sciences
2002 call in Physics & Space Sciences: 41 / 252
Program(s?) needs continuationClear ‘target’ needs to be established Facilitate transition to tenured positions (a%?)Consistent criteria of selection committee !
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RECFA Meeting, Barcelona 29-30 March 2003
Funding
0,7
0,75
0,8
0,85
0,9
0,95
1
93 95 97 99 2001
% of GNP
R+D expenditure in Spain
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0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
91 93 95 97 99 2001
MPTA
National budget for R+D1€=166.386PTA
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4
2003
2/11
3/3
3/92/6
1
3
23
3
1
1
2
Research projects-E
FPAPGC2/2
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RECFA Meeting, Barcelona 29-30 March 2003
Interesting comparisons…
UCM/UAM-IFT 1- 5 / 2 -0
UAB/UB 2 -1 / 1 - 1
Number of projects very small compared to otherfields
PGC: easier to get fellowships. FPA projectspenalized
Splitting of projects: discouraged by FPA, butencouraged by some universities promotion policies
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0
200000
400000
600000
800000
1000000
1200000
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
PGCFPA
Funding of theoretical projects
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10
10
27
2
5
01
4
1
0
0
Research projects-EU
EU~1.4M€
3yrs1
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RECFA Meeting, Barcelona 29-30 March 2003
Topics & interests20%
7%
9%
11%8%
10%
4%
15%
4%2%
3% Phenomenology
Beyond SM
Strings
Astroparticles
Field theory
RelativityLattice
Math phys
Quantum info
Nuclear phys
Condensed matter
Other
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RECFA Meeting, Barcelona 29-30 March 2003
Productivity & impactSpanish scientific production is roughly 2% of world total
Citation/article in PhysicsWorld: 3.98 Europe: 4.55 Spain:4.33
All-time top cited theory authors (SPIRES database) >5000 citations: 177 Spanish appear in positions 66, 123, 130**, 166
Last 5 yrs citationsSpanish appear in positions 31,49***,67,69,95,122,151,157,162,163
Tremendous boost in visibility in recent years!
*Carried out in Spanish institutions ** Physicist working abroad *** Foreign physicist working in Spain
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RECFA Meeting, Barcelona 29-30 March 2003
Topcited 90 papers by subject in 2001hep-ph:4 hep-th:4 hep-lat: 5 gr-qc: 0*
Visibility appears mostly associated to certain subfields, some of them not particularly populated in Spain.
Percentage of Spanish papers in NPB
*Database provided only 43 papers. Papers written by Spanish (in Spain or abroad) or foreigners living in Spain
0,9
65,6
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
1967 1992 2002
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RECFA Meeting, Barcelona 29-30 March 2003
SummaryTheory in Spain is in –in general terms- in good health. Objective indicators compare quite favourably with other European countries, some of them with a much longer tradition in TH Physics. Progress in the last 30 years is quite evident. Some important topics seriously under-represented. Relative excess of some uninteresting topics. Lattice and good phenomenology need a boost. Potential of natural growth seriously impaired. Bad promotion perspectives for people ~40 y/o. Room for brilliant new generation is badly needed.
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RECFA Meeting, Barcelona 29-30 March 2003
4
4
36
8
20
42
19
17
6
1997(J.Bernabeu)
TH-HEPgroups
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4
4
4
4
4
4
17
44
4
4
1997
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RECFA Meeting, Barcelona 29-30 March 2003
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RECFA Meeting, Barcelona 29-30 March 2003