Access to Publicly Funded Research Forum October 20, 2006

Norka Ruiz Bravo, PhD

The Public Access Policy

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October 20, 2006

Today’s ConversationThe Public Access Policy (May 2, 2005)

Our Goals

Benefits of the Policy to Scientists and Science

Policy in Implementation How it works How it is working

How Librarians Can Help

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October 20, 2006

The Public Access Policy Beginning May 2, 2005, NIH-funded investigators are requested to submit an electronic version of the author's final manuscript upon acceptance for publication, resulting from research supported, in whole or in part, with direct costs1 from NIH. The author's final manuscript is defined as the final version accepted for journal publication, and includes all modifications from the publishing peer review process.

This Policy applies to all research grant and career development award mechanisms, cooperative agreements, contracts, Institutional and Individual Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Awards, as well as NIH intramural research studies. The Policy applies to peer-reviewed research publications, resulting from research supported in whole or in part with direct costs from NIH, but it does not apply to book chapters, editorials, reviews, or conference proceedings.

Under this Policy, electronic submission will be made directly to the NIH National Library of Medicine's (NLM) PubMed Central (PMC): http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov. PMC is the NIH digital repository of full-text, peer-reviewed biomedical, behavioral, and clinical research journals. It is a publicly-accessible, stable, permanent, and searchable electronic archive.

At the time of submission, the author will specify the timing of the posting of his or her final manuscript for public accessibility through PMC. Posting for public accessibility through PMC is requested and strongly encouraged as soon as possible (and within twelve months of the publisher's official date of final publication).

The publisher may choose to furnish PMC with the publisher's final version, which will supersede the author's final version. Also, if the publisher agrees, public access to the publisher's final version in PMC can occur sooner than the timing originally specified by the author for the author's final version.

1Costs that can be specifically identified with a particular project or activity. NIH Grants Policy Statement, Rev. 12/2003; http://grants.nih.gov/grants/policy/nihgps_2003/NIHGPS_Part2.htm#_Toc54600040.

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October 20, 2006

The Public Access Policy: Goals

ARCHIVE. Keep a central archive of NIH-funded research publications—for now and in the future, preserving vital medical research results and information for years to come.

ADVANCE SCIENCE. Create an information resource that will make it easier for scientists to mine medical research publications, and for NIH to manage better its entire research investment.

ACCESS. Provide electronic access to NIH-funded research publications for patients, families, health professionals, scientists, teachers, and students.

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Benefits of an Integrated Archive

Use the ID of the marker of highest linkage to get a quick look at the genomic region in MapViewer

Use this link to see more recent papers in PMC that cite this one.

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Benefits of an Integrated Archive

3-D View of Chemical and Protein4

RWJ-270201 bound to neuraminidase

Chemical Structures in Article2

FIG. 1. Structures of compounds under investigation

Zanamivir Oseltamivir carboxylate

RWJ-270201

Compound in PubChem3

RWJ-270201

PubMed Search Results1

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Greater Usage of PMC and Content

Odds of Citation for OA articles: 2x in first 4 to 10 months; almost 3x in 10 to 16 months [Eysenbach G (2006) Citation advantage of open access articles. PLoS Biol 4(5)]

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Articles on PMC

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Searches and Downloads

Articles

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Linear (Articles )

Linear (Searches andDownloads )

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October 20, 2006

Opportunities to Expand PMC and Enhance Science

Foreign Funders are Adopting Public Access Style Policies

Welcome TrustSix month PA policy, as of 10/1/06Deposition into PMC UKSpecial funding for publisher submission

UK MRCSix month PA policy, as of 10/1/06Deposition into PMC UK“Author pays” charges associated with publishing may be included in applications for MRC funding

How Can NIH funded scientists benefit from these events?

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October 20, 2006

Opportunities to Expand PMC and Enhance Science

The NIH Response: PubMed Central International

A network of digital archives that can share deposited content (PMC, PMC UK,…)

Expanded Content for US Scientists More articles: PA like policies mandate deposit to local archives Shared content through reciprocity Richer Databases: foreign content integrated into NLM databases (e.g.

GenBank, PubChem)

Enhanced Archiving- working copies of the archive in regular use at multiple sites around the world.

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October 20, 2006

How it Works: Peer Review and Public Access

DraftManuscript

of NIH Funded

Research

JournalIntake

(Paid Admin staff , paid or

volunteer editors )

Author Makes Revisions

The Peer Review Process

The Publishing Process

Peer ReviewedManuscript

JournalCopy Editing

Tagging ?

JournalReview

(Volunteer Peer

Reviewers )

JournalPublication

Posting

NLMTagging

Author Review /Quality Control

NLMArchives

Manuscript

EmbargoNIH Analysis

NLMPosting

Copy Edited

Manuscript

Peer ReviewedManuscript

Not Tagged

TaggedThe Public Access Process

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Deposition Rates: Multiple Methods to Deposit•Author Deposit (through NIHMS): 4%-6% of target

•PMC Deposition: 10-12% of target

•Elsevier Bulk Deposit: Currently 40 articles per month; pledged 14% of target

(actual capture is unclear)

•Non-Profit Coalition PMC - (NIH Portfolio): Currently 0; potential for 1-3% of target

Author Manuscript Deposition

0

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Time Since Start of Voluntary Policy

Deposit Through NIHMS

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October 20, 2006

NLM Board of Regents Meeting, 2/8/06

• The Board has concluded that the “NIH Policy cannot achieve its stated goals unless deposit of manuscripts becomes mandatory”

• “The Board encourages NIH and NLM to develop a careful plan for transitioning to a mandatory policy” that:

provides clear guidance and a reasonable timetable minimizes burden on NIH-funded researchers and grantee institutions makes it easy for publishers to submit articles on behalf of their NIH-

supported authors

• The Board “favors” an embargo of 6 months, with some flexibility for journals published less frequently than bimonthly

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October 20, 2006

Current Public Access Bills

CURES Bill (S. 2104 Lieberman and Cochran) Introduced Dec 2005 Applies to all DHHS grantees provide NLM’s PubMed Central an electronic copy of the final version of all peer-

reviewed manuscripts accepted for publication, within 6 months of publication. Failure to comply results in loss of funding.

Federal Research Public Access Act (S.2695 Cornyn and Lieberman) Introduced May 2006

Applies to all Federal agencies with extramural research expenditures of over $100 million

Requires submission of an electronic version of the author’s final manuscript of original peer-reviewed research papers accepted for publication in journals

Free online public access not later than 6 months after publication

House Appropriations Bill (Section 220 of H.R. 5647) Require all investigators funded by the NIH submit to PubMed Central as soon as

practicable but no later than 12 months after the official date of publication.

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October 20, 2006

A New Model Agreement: PMC (NIH Portfolio)

PMC (NIH Portfolio) is a signed agreement between NLM and a journal to submit tagged, copyedited, NIH funded manuscripts.

Features Requires no author input Results in 100% capture of NIH funded articles. 12 month maximum delay period Participating journals receive standard PMC usage statistics. Participants identified on the Public Access webpage

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October 20, 2006

Progress on Negotiations With Publishers

No Author Action Required

Authors approve article tagging

Authors submit and approve articles directly

Active Participants

PMC journals (not part of Principles Group), PMC (NIH Portfolio) journals (so far only ASH’s Blood has signed)

Elsevier Journals Most journals

Journal Contribution

Journal submits tagged content to NIH

Journal submits author manuscript or copy-edited PDFs to NIH

None

Method Automated Deposition Bulk Manuscript Upload Individual Manuscript Upload

Impact on Deposition

Full Deposition expected Continued author involvement means significantly lower deposition

Continued author involvement means significantly lower deposition

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How Librarians Can Help

Help with Deposition Librarians can help authors deposit material Develop strategies to encourage greater participation

Help with Copyright Transfer Agreements Advise authors on the copyright transfer process Help institutions develop guidance on copy right transfer amendments

to ensure authors retain their right to submit to Public Access

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Thank you for your attention

Questions?

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October 20, 2006

Appendixes

Board of Regents’ Public Access Working Group Roster

Additional Resources

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October 20, 2006

NLM BOR Working Group Thomas Detre, M.D., Working Group Chair, Member of NLM Board of Regents

Distinguished Service Professor of Health SciencesUniversity of PittsburghPittsburgh, Pennsylvania

Deanna Marcum, Ph.D., Member of NLM Board of RegentsAssociate Librarian for Library ServicesLibrary of CongressWashington, D.C.

Susan Buchanan, Ph.D.National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney DiseasesStructural Biology and Cell Signaling SectionBethesda, Maryland

Jeffrey M. Drazen, M.D.Editor-in-ChiefNew England Journal of MedicineBoston, Massachusetts

Harvey V. Fineberg, M.D., Ph.D.PresidentInstitute of MedicineWashington, D.C.

Mark Scott Kamlet, Ph.D.ProvostCarnegie Mellon UniversityPittsburgh, Pennsylvania

T. J. Koerner, Ph.D.Director of Research Information ManagementAmerican Cancer Society, Inc.Atlanta, Georgia

Brian NairnChief Executive OfficerElsevier, Health Sciences DivisionPhiladelphia, Pennsylvania

Mark E. Sobel, M.D., Ph.D.Executive DirectorAmerican Society for Investigative PathologyBethesda, Maryland

Michael SternPresident & CEOFisher Center for Alzheimer's Research FoundationNew York, New York

Sharon F. TerryPresident and CEOGenetic AllianceWashington, D.C.

Patricia L. Thibodeau, MLSDuke UniversityMedical Center LibraryDurham, North Carolina

Annette Thomas, Ph.D.Nature Publishing GroupMacmillan Publishers Ltd.The Macmillan BuildingUnited Kingdom

Donald E. TykesonFounding Director/PresidentTykeson AssociatesEugene, OR

Gary E. Ward, Ph.D.Associate Professor of Microbiology and Molecular GeneticsThe University of VermontBurlington, Vermont

Ann Wolpert, MLSDirector of Libraries, Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridge, Massachusetts

Samuel Kaplan, Ph.D.(Chair, PubMed Central National Advisory Committee, NLM)Professor and ChairMicrobiology & Molecular GeneticsUniversity of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Medical School Houston,

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Additional ResourcesThe Policy

http://publicaccess.nih.gov/index.htm

• Authors’ Manual Authors’ Manual (HTML and Adobe Acrobat)http://publicaccess.nih.gov/publicaccess_manual.htmhttp://publicaccess.nih.gov/publicaccess_manual.htm http://publicaccess.nih.gov/publicaccess_manual.pdf

• Public Access Policy in the Public Access Policy in the NIH GuideNIH Guidehttp://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/notice-files/NOT-OD-05-022.htmlhttp://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/notice-files/NOT-OD-05-022.html

• StatisticsStatistics:: http://www.nihms.nih.gov/http://www.nihms.nih.gov/• Journals submitting on behalf of authorsJournals submitting on behalf of authors : : http://publicaccess.nih.gov/submit_process_journals.htmhttp://publicaccess.nih.gov/submit_process_journals.htm • Questions and AnswersQuestions and Answers http://publicaccess.nih.gov/publicaccess_QandA.htmhttp://publicaccess.nih.gov/publicaccess_QandA.htm

Manuscript Submission

http://nihms.nih.gov/

TrainingTraining: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?rid=helpnihms.chapter.users

PubMed Central

http://www.pubmedcentral.gov/

NLM Board of Regents

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/od/bor